小学英语四大时态

四种时态总结

一、一般现在时

标志词：always(总是) usually(通常) often(经常) sometimes(有时) never(从不) every(每一) 行为动词词型变化形式

一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，

其他人称（第一人称：I, we；第二人称：you；第三人称复数：they、my friends）动词均用原形

当主语是第三人称单数时，一般动词在一般现在时句子中的变化规律：

1、多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes ,

2、以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es wash–washes catch–catches do–does

3、以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies

4、以元音字母加y结尾，直接加s buy – buys

5、不规则变化have—has

一般现在时基本用法

功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

The earth is round.

构成

1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

句型

肯定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + 其它成分He is a worker.

B.行为动词：主语+动词(注意人称变化) +其它成分We like the little cat.

否定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + not +其它成分They are not students.

B.行为动词：主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分

We don’t like the little cat.

一般疑问句：A.be动词：Am / Is /Are +主语+ 其它成分

Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.

B.行为动词：助动词(Do/Does)+主语+动词原形+ 其它成分

Do you like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t .

Does he(she) l ike it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句

A.be动词：How many students are there in your school?

B.行为动词：What do you usually do on Sunday?

一般现在时动词be和have的变化形式

1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 用法：第一人称单数用am，第三人称单数用is，其它人称用are。

2.动词have的用法：第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:

注意事项 1.在英国，人们常用have got代替have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。

2.当have如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do, does

如：I have a new pen . 否：I have not a new pen. (表示有)

I have lunch at 12 o’clock. 否：I don’t have lunch at 12 o’clock. (表示吃)

二．现在进行时：

标志词：now, look, listen，It’s+时间.

现在进行时: 表示正在进行的、发生的动作

基本结构：

am

be is + 动词ing

are

肯定句：主语+ be动词(am, are, is)+ 现在分词（ing）+ 其他I am watching TV. 否定句：主语+ be动词+ not + 现在分词（ing）+ 其他I am not watching TV.

一般疑问句：Be动词(Am, Are, Is) + 主语+ 现在分词（ing）+ 其他

Are you watching TV? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句

What are you doing？

动词的-ing形式的变化规律：

1. 直接加-ing watch—watching clean—cleaning

2. 以-y结尾的动词，直接加-ing study—studying play—playing

3. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词，先去-e再加-ing make—making come—coming

4. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，

双写末尾字母，再加-ing cut—cutting

三、一般将来时的用法：

表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。

标志词：tomorrow（明天），the day after tomorrow（后天），next （下一个），

from now on（从现在开始），in the future（将来），soon（不久）等

结构：( 1 ) be（am,is ,are）+going to+动词原形( 2 ) will+动词原形

“be going to+动词原形（打算…）”=”will+动词原形（将，会…）”

I’m going to study tomorrow. I will study tomorrow.

肯定句：主语+ be (am, are, is) going to + 动词原形.

主语+ will + 动词原形

否定句：主语+ be (am, are, is) not going to + 动词原形.

主语+ won’t + 动词原形.

一般疑问句：Be (Am, Are, Is) + 主语+ going to + 动词原形?

Will + 主语+ 动词原形?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句？

注意：will 常简略为'll，并与主语连写在一起，如：I'll，he'll，it'll，we'll，you'll，they'll。

四、一般过去时

标志词：yesterday(昨天), last (上一个), this morning（今天早上），ago(以前),

before (在…之前), in 2002(在2002年) 等

用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作

动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed 如：watch-watched, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d 如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave…

句型：

1、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is 变为was。否定（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are 变为were。否定（were not=weren’t）

否定句：在was或were后加not

一般疑问句：把was或were调到句首。

2、行为动词在一般过去时中的变化

否定句：didn’t + 动词原形如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：在句首加Did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：（1）疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如: What did Jim do yesterday?

（2）疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?

附录：小学常用不规则动词过去式

一、不规则动词的过去式的构成

1．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam 2．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote

3．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如：

feed—fed，meet—met

6．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

7．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

8．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

9．动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如：

bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught

11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如：

come—came，become—became

13．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：

let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕

二．不规则动词表

原形过去式中文释义

am was 是（表示存在、状态等）are were 是（表示存在、状态等）become became 成为；变成

begin began 开始

break broke 打破

bring brought 拿来；取来；带来

build built 构筑；建造；建筑

buy bought 购买；买

can could 可以；能；可能；会

catch caught 赶上（车船等）；捕获

come came 来；来到

cut cut 切；割；削；剪

do/does did 做；干；行动

draw drew 画

drink drank 喝；饮

drive drove 开车；驾驶

eat ate 吃

feel felt 感到；觉得

find found 寻找；查找

fly flew 飞行

forget forgot 忘记；忘却

get got 变得

give gave 给；授予

go went 去

have/has had 得（病）；患（病）；有；吃；饮hear heard 听见；听说

hide hid 隐藏

is was 是（表示存在、状态等）

keep kept 保持；使保持某种状态

know knew 知道；了解

leave left 离去；出发

let let 允许；让

lose lost 失去；丧失

make made 使；促使；迫使；做；制作may might 可能；可以

mean meant 表示……的意思；作……的解释meet met 遇见；相逢

put put 放；摆；装

read read /e/ 读；阅读

ride rode 骑

ring rang （铃）响

rise rose 上升

run ran 跑；奔跑

say said 说；讲

see saw 看见

send sent 发送；寄；派；遣

set set 放, 置

show showed 出示；给……看

shut shut 关上（门、盖、窗户等）

sing sang 唱；唱歌

sit sat 坐

sleep slept 睡；睡觉

speak spoke 说；说话

swim swam 游泳

take took 搭乘；花费（时间）；拿走；带到teach taught 教；讲授

tell told 告诉；讲述

think thought 想；思考

will would 将要

win won 赢；获胜

write wrote 书写

一般现在时练习题

一、用单词的正确形式填空：

1. Mike _________ (do) his homework every day.

2. There __________(be) some water in the glass.

3. We like ________ (play) basketball after class.

4. I like singing. I often _________(listen) to the music in the evening.

5. My grandma_________(watch) TV every day.

二、判断句子的正误, 并改正。

1. Betty do morning exercises every day.

2. I plays on the beach.

3. The trees falls their leaves.

4. I like to wearing shirts and running.

5. Smiths is watering the flowers.

6. They usually have supper at seven o’clock.

7. They’re climbs a tree.

8. You mustn’t play football here.

9. The rabbit wants some vegetables.

10. I sometimes watching TV on Sunday.

三、选择最佳的答案：

1. ____Alice often play the piano. No, she _____.A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn’t

2. ___ your penfriend __ in Beijing? A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live

3. Tom and Mike __ very excited, they will take a trip. A. is B. are C. am

4. I like ________ very much. What about you?A. dance B. danced C. dancing

5. I can’t find my pen. Let me __.A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C. go and ask she

6. Fangfang is a good student. She ____maths. A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at

7. The kite ____ a bird. A. look like B. is looking C. looks like

8. Bill and I ___ good friends. A. is B. are C. am

9. Sandy often ___ his homework on Sundays .A. do B. does C. did

10. What do you usually do on the weekend? I __________.

A. went swimming

B. go swimming

C. visited grandparents

四、根据汉语意思填空：

1. Can you _______the ball at the net, Danny? (扔)

2. After I wash my face, I ________ my hair. （梳理）

3. Do you _______ the picture? （记得）

4. ________ you _______ at ________?（你擅长唱歌吗？）Yes, I am

Mr Green often _________ ________ _________ in the countryside. (散步)

I ________ a red bag. But he _______ a blue one. (有)

Mother always ________ TV in the evening. (看电视)

现在进行时练习题

一、写出下列单词的现在分词：

speak ______ 2. run _______ 3. swim ______ 4. do ____ask _______ 6. begin _______ 7. dance ______ 8.eat ______9. sing ________ 10 fly _______ 11. jog ______ 12. come ______13. talk ____ 14. sleep ______ 15. fight _____ 16.jump ______17. get _________18. buy _______ 19. cook __________ 20.skate __________

二、用单词的适当形式填空：

1. look! Chen Jie and Mike are ___________（sing）now.

2. The small bear is ________ (climb) the tree.

3. Mike is ________ (draw) picture.

4. She is ________ (do) the dishes.

5. My brother is ________ (make) kites.

6. My father is ________ (read) a newspaper in living room.

7. Ted is __________(answer) the phone.

8. My uncle is ________ (drive) a car.

9. The students are ________(listen) to their teacher carefully.

10. Chen Jie is _________(wash) clothes.

三、选择正确答案

1. Every one ____ to their teacher in the classroom. A. are listening B. is listening

C. listen

2. They are singing and ___ together at the party now. A. dance B. danced C. dancing

3. Listen! The birds ____. A. is singing B. are sing C. are singing

4. Look! The kite ___ in the sky. A. fly B. flies C. is flying

5. They ____ riding a forse. A. is B. are C. am

6. Kate ____ playing chess. A. am B. is C. are

四、判断句子的正误。1. He’s writing a story.

2. Your mother is reads a magazine now.

3. I’m ridding a bike.

4. The lions are walking.

5. He’s drawed picture.

五、根据中文填空。

1. Sandy 正在弹钢琴。Sandy ______ ________ the piano.

2. 听，她们正在说英语。Listen, _______ are _______ English.

3.我正在做家庭作业。I _________ _________ my homework.

5.她正在写信吗？________she _______a letter?

8. Zhang Peng 和Tom 在树下下棋。Zhang Peng and Tom ________ ________ chess under the tree.

9. 你们正在植树吗？_______ you ________ trees? Yes, we are.

一般过去时练习题

小学阶段不规则动词的过去式整理：

am is -----was are-----were begin ----began ride---rode blow----blew

break----broke bring----brought run---ran build----built buy----bought

catch---caught say---said come---came see---saw draw---drew drink---drank eat---ate fall----fell drive---drove sing---sang do---did fly----flew sit---sat fight---fought go----went meet---met sweep---sweptsleep---slept teach----taught swim---swam take----took leave---left tell—told write---wrote know---knew wear---wore get---got give----gave have---had make ----made put---put read---read throw---threw

一、写出下列动词的过去式或动词原形。

1. go_____

2. is_____

3.buy_____

4.swim_____

5. have ______

6. watched ________

7. ate_____

8. got_____

9. lived ______10. saw ___ 11. spend _____ 12. talk ______13. do ______14. teach _______ 15. win ______ 16. like _______ 17. write _______18. cry ______

19. study _____ 20. ask __________

二、用单词的适当形式填空。

1. ________ you ________(water) the flowers yesterday.

2. Su Hai _________(go) for a walk last Sunday.

3. Mike didn’t ________(finish) his homework yesterday.

4. I _______ (pick) apples on the tree last month.

5. I _______(is) ten years old last year. On that day, I _______(blow) the candles out.

6. There ________(are) five books on the desk a moment ago.

. They ________(sweep) the floor just now.

8. I _________ (meet) Miss White the day before yesterday.

10. I _______ (wash) clothes last weekend.

11. What did you you do on your holiday? I ________ (go) swimming.

三、选择正确的答案。

1. I ____ presents for my parents yesterday. A. buyed B. bought C. buying

2. Susan _____ swimming yesterday. A. go B. goes C. went

3. Danny _____ breakfast five times last week. A. eat B. ate C. eated

4. Last Sunday____ Tree Planting Day. A. is B. were C. was

5. I ____ a lot from our textbook. A. learned B. learnes C. learning

6. We ____ to the zoo and ___ a lot of animals yesterday. A. go; see B. went; saw

C. goes; sees

7. What did you do last weekend ? --I _________ A. read a book B. wash the clothes

C. go fishing

8. What did you do on your holiday? I ________A. bought a present B. go skiing

C. learn English

9. What did he _____ yesterday? He ____ his homework. A. did; did B. do; did

C. do; do

10. Yesterday my presents and I ____ our house. A. were cleaning B. cleaned

C. are going to clean

四、这是Sarah 写给mother 的一封信，你能根据提示写出合适的单词吗？

Dear mom,

How are you? Every day I have fun with my cousins. On Monday we went to the _________. We _______ a boat and ________ elephants. We _______ many pictures. On Tuesday we went to a restaurant. We _______ good food. On Wednesday we went to the library. We _______ books. On Thursday we went to the gym. We went swimming. On Friday we stayed at home. We _______ TV and _____ the room. Tomorrow I’ll be back home.

Miss you and dad.

Love,

Sarah

一般将来时练习题

重点讲解：

shall / will + 动词原形（shall 只能用于第一人称）

be going to + 动词原形（表示打算干什么）

be going to + 地点（表示准备去）

用单词的适当形式填空。

I _______ ________ _______ _______ (see) a film tomorrow.

A: What _______ you _______ ______ _______ (do) next Saturday？

B: I _______ __________ _______ ________(swim) with my parents.

There ______ _______ (be) a party in our school.

Mike _______ ________ (visit ) his grandparents next week.

He ______ ______ _______ _______（buy）a bike the day after tomorrow.

________ （fly）a kite with my father next week.

He will not _________ (go) school tomorrow.

选择正确的答案。

I’m going to _____ some chopsticks ____ Sunday afternoon. A. bought; on B. buy; on

C. buy; on

2. When are you going to Hong Kong? I’m going there ____ . A. this weekend B. by plane C. yesterday

3. I’m going to____ my friends this week end. A. visit B. visited C. visiting

4. I’m going to____ homework tomorrow. A. does B. do C. did

5. Are you going to take a piano class? ____ A. No, we not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am

6. I am ___ eat breakfast at 7:15. A. will B. going to C. shall

根据短文完成下列句子。

Tomorrow will be Sunday. Wang Hai will be free. He is going to get up at half past six. In the morning, he is going to visit Art museum. Sometimes he goes there on Sunday. In the afternoon, he will play ba sketball with his friends at two o’clock. He always plays basketball with them. At half past three, he will watch a football match. At half past six, he will have supper at restaurant with his father and mother. After supper, they will go fishing. Wang Hai will be ________ tomorrow.

Sometimes he ________ Art Museum on Sunday.

He always plays basketball with his ________ in the afternoon.

Wang Hai often has supper at restaurant with his ________ on Sundays.

He will go shopping in the ________.

(1) An Old Woman and a Boy

An old woman wants to go to New York to see her son. She gets up

early and gets to the station at nine o”clock in the morning .When does the

train come and leave? She is very worried. She stops a boy and asks him.

The boy looks at the woman and says,”tu: tu: tu: ”. The old woman

sits in a chair and thinks and thinks. Then she says,”Oh, I see.”

快速判断:

1. The woman is young. ( )

2. The boy does not tell her the time. ( )

3. The woman gets up early. ( )

4. The train comes in thr afternoon. ( )

5. The woman knows the time at last. ( )

选择填空:

1. The woman gets to the station at in the morning.

2. The train comes at in the afternoon.

3. The train leaves at in the afternoon.

A: 1:58 B: 9:00 C: 2:02

One day a rich man wanted to sell some goods(物品) in another town and buy some things there. He ___1___ to take ten servants(仆人) with him. They would carry the goods and also some ___2___ to eat on their way. The rich man said to ___3___ of his servants,

"Ali, you are the ___4___ and the weakest one. You may ___5___ the lightest load(担子) to carry." Ali thanked him and chose the ___6___ load. It was their food bread. The rich man said, "How foolish(愚蠢) you are! That's the heaviest one." But Ali was ___7___ to lift it up. And so they set off. Four hours ___8___, they stopped for a rest. They all ___9___ some of the bread. Then there was ___10___ bread for Ali to carry. Each time they ate some, the load became smaller and lighter. At last the clever servant had nothing to carry.

( ) 1. A. agreed B. liked C. decided D. refused

( ) 2. A. food B. goods C. water D. meat

( ) 3. A. all B. both C. none D. one

( ) 4. A. tallest B. smallest C. busiest D. fastest

( ) 5. A. find B. give C. choose D. carry

( ) 6. A. lightest B. smallest C. best D. biggest

( ) 7. A. glad B. worried C. sorry D. tired

( ) 8. A. early B. later C. past D. last

( ) 9. A. loved B. put C. called D. ate

( ) 10. A. more B. little C. less D. no