as 引导的定语从句

as 引导的定语从句

as 引导的定语从句

1.as 在限制性定语从句中的应用

as 用作关系代词或关系复习引导出限制性定语从句时,主要用在“such (+n.) +as…”(和…同样的),“the same (+n.) +as…” (像…这样的,像…这/那的), “the same as”(同样的人、

3.as 引导的非限制性定语从句常常成为一些惯用句型。

as was discussed before 如前所述

as is reported/announced in today’s paper 据今天的报纸报道

as is / has been pointed out 正如所指出的那样

as is shown in the figure 如图所示

as has / had been said before 如前所说

as may be imagined 正如可以设想的那样

as is well-known 众所周知

as we all can see 正如我们有目共睹

which引导的定语从句

关于which引导从句的小结: 关系代词which 一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语,既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. [ stock存货] 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the city 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。 (1 )用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣,它使任何事都有可能发生。 (2 )用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思,这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。 (3 )如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句,第二个which 前要加and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书,他决定送给朋友。

练习1. [1. board董事会 2. data资料,数据 3. shareholder 【英】股东 4. on behalf of代表 5. guard保护] The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders. which的先行词是谁? 译文:保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键,董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。 【难点小结:1.介词短语 2.which 的先行词 3. 非限制性定语从句有时要翻译成一句话】 例2. 【1.semiconductor半导体 2. casualty伤亡,灭亡,覆灭 3.< A sit at the heart of B> A是B的核心】

where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词

where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词。 一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。 The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 注:有时point也可以是具体的地点: Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。 The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。 二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下,mighty一词可用作副词。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。 三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为,舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。 四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险,那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。 五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。 六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

as引导定语从句的用法

as引导定语从句的用法 as 引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前,或者主句之后,甚至可以切割一个主句;which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外,as有“正如……,正像……”的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe. ================================ As 的用法例 1. the same…as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。 I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health. As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语; 例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。 一、“as / which”特殊定语从句的先行成分 1. 形容词或形容词短语作先行成分, 具有形容词意义的介词短语也可以充当先行成分,如: My grandmother’s house was a lways of great importance to me, as my own is. 在一定的语言环境里,有些名词可以具有形容词的性质。这些名词主要是那些表示人的身份、职业、状态的名词。值得一提的是,在这些具有形容词性质的名词之后,引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who / whom. 2. 动词短语先行成分。 这种动词短语既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。如果是动态动词短语,它们在从句中就一般有限定或非限定形式的替代动词do和as / which一起代替。do可以出现,也可以不出现,但不能用其它动词代替。 3. 句子作先行成分。 这句子可以是整个主句也可以只是主句中的一个从句。有时是连续几个句子,有时甚至可以是一个完整的故事。 二、“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置 由于先行成分的构成成分不同,“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置有以下几种情况:1. 形容词做先行成分时:形容词或形容词短语(含具有形容词性质的名词)作先行成分,“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。 2. 动词短语作先行成分时:动词短语作先行成分时,“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。但是,当从句中含有表示主观意志的插入成分时,“as”特殊定语从句可以移至句子之首。 3. 句子作先行成分时:“as”特殊定语从句的位置较灵活,可以置于先行成分之前、之中或之后。但如果先行成分是直接引语,“as”特殊定语从句多在先行成分之前。如果先行成分是否定句,“as”特殊定语从句与否定词的相对位置不同可以使它产生不同的意义。由于“as”特殊定语从句具有这一特点,所以有时它的位置不能随便移动。在非正式的文体里,“which”特殊定语从句可以出现在先行成分之中。

where引导定语从句的用法

Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表 示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解? 在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。

用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语

as的用法: (as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语) (1)如为限制性的,多用于the same …as ; the same as;such …as …; as many/muchas;so …as等结构中。如: 1. I have the same book as you (have).我有一本和你的一样的书。 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用,在从句中用作表语,先行词是same.) 2.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now? --- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning. We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about. There is no such place as you dream of in all this world. 比较: I live in the same house that he used to live in. I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday. 比较: Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.(定语从句) Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(结果状语从句) (2)如为非限制性的,多单独引导一个定语从句,这种定语从句可置于句首,句中或句尾,译为"正如,这一点"。(动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.) 1. As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as作宾语) =As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health .(as作主语)

as在定语从句中的用法

关系代词as 引导的定语从句 1、as 可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语,代表前面整个句子。如: He married her, as was natural. 他跟她结婚了,这是很自然的事。 He is honest, as we can see. 他很诚实,这一点我们看得出来。 2、as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后,甚至还可以分割主句。另外,as 常 常有“正如、正像”的含义。如: As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知,中国是发展中国家。 He is from the south, as we can know from his accent. 他是南方人,从他的口音我们就可以知道。 John, as you know, is a famous writer. 正如你所知,约翰是个著名作家。 3、当先行词受such, the same 修饰时,关系词常用as。如: I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。 He is not such a fool as he looks. 他可不象他看上去的那样傻。 This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。 注意: 当先行词受the same 修饰时,偶尔也用 that引导定语从句,但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如:She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的那个同一条连衣裙。 She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. 她穿就像着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。

定语从句(完整版)

定语从句 定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。2,代替先行词。3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注:关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 4.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。 (一)限定性定语从句 一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语) 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg:this is the book (which)you want。]而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 二、关系副词(在句中作状语) 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句。 2. when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导。 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remembe r the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessiti es, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。

when 和 where 引导定语从句的用法

when 和 where 引导定语从句的用法 定语从句既是英语语法的一个重点,同时又是一个难点。说它是难点,主要难在两点上:一点是如何正确判断什么样的汉语句子要译为英语的带定语从句的复合句;另一点是定语从句的引导词较多(包括关系代词who, that, which, as 和关系副词when, where, why),而且其用法也较复杂。那么到底什么情况下用when和where来引导定语从句呢?它们又该怎么用呢?下面就举例说明: 一、when:当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时,它只能作定语从句的时间状语,放在定语从句句首。如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语,则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。例如: The days when we used foreign oil are gone. 我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了。 I'll never forget the day when I was born. (=I'll never forget my birthday.) 我永远不会忘记我出生的日子。 It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold. 这事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月。 In the years that (which) followed, Marx kept on studying English and using it. 在这之后的几年中,马克思继续学习和使用英语。(that作定语从句"that followed"的主语) The day (that) I always remember in all my life is my birthday. 我一生中最难忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定语从句"that I always remember in all my life"的宾语,that可以省略)

than引导定语从句

As、but和than通常都是以介词、连词等身份被大家所熟知,而它们居然可以摇身一变成为关系代词,在定语从句中做主语和宾语。As As最基本的用法是做连词“与……一样”表示同级的比较,介词“作为”。下面是它特殊的用法, 例句:1. He does not possess such qualifications as are necessary to be an actor. 他并不具备一名演员应有的资格。2. She bought the same skirt as I had bought last week so I need to talk to her about it so we don't wear them the same at the same time. 她买的那条裙子和我上周买的一模一样,我要和她商量一下,免得“撞衫”。上面两个例句中定语从句都使用了as作为关系代词,我们可以发现例句1中含有“such…as…”,例句2中含有“the same…as…”,由此可见,我们到底要不要使用as来做关系代词,可以根据句中是否出现了与as搭配的短语进行判断。3. The murderer who had killed several people on the campus was finally arrested by the police, as was expected. 如我们所愿,那个在校园杀害数人的杀人犯终于被警方逮捕。该句中并未出现与as搭配的短语,此处的用法是as做关系代词指代前面整个句子,在定语从句中做主语。 But大家熟悉的but基本都是以转折连词的身份出现,但是它还兼职在做定语从句中的关系代词。例句:There is no man but errs. 没有任何人能够不犯错误。句中的先行词是man,but 自然就充当了关系代词的角色,但我们从句意中可以发现,but带有一层否定的意思,相当于“who not”。那么我们可以把例句转换为:There is no man who does not err. 但要注意,只有在but 前有先行词的时候才有此用法!请比较下面这个例句:He did nothing after graduation but spend his parents' money. 他毕业之后无所事事,就知道花爸妈的钱。该句中but 是介词的用法,有转折的意义。 Than即可以做连词也可以做介词的than都是比较的含义,它居然也可以用在定语从句中。例句:1. Parents had better not give kids more money than is needed. 父母最好别给孩子们太多的钱,够用就可以了。2. Don't order more food than can be finished. 别点太多吃的,会吃不完的。此处Than以主语的形式出现在定语从句中,其实省略了what,than也就等于than what。例句也可以写作:Parents had better not give kids more money than what is needed 例句2则可以转换为:Don't order more food than what can be finished 不管是做介词、连词也好,在定语从句里做关系代词也罢,than都表示了一个比较的关系,从上述两个例句来看,句中都出现了比较级的形式。 一、but可被看作关系代词,引导定语从句,在句中作主语,在意义上相当于who not或that not,即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后,构成双重否定。 如:①There is no mother but loves her children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。 ②There was no one present but knew the story already.在场的人都知道这个故事。 二、than作关系代词时,一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中,其结构为形容词比较级(more)...than+从句,than在从句中作主语,相当于that,代表它前面的先行词。(这时,它兼有连词和代词的性质,也有学者认为这种用法的than是连词,后面省略了主语what。) 如:①The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxious than is necessary.室内游泳池过于豪华。 ②He got more money than was wanted.他得到了更多的钱。

as引导定语从句的用法

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past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man,General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波赛将军虽然坚强,但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。 2、形容词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Successful as he is,he is not proud. 他虽然成功,但不骄傲。 Improbable as it seems,it’s true. 虽然看起来不太可能,但却是真的。 Stupid as it sounds,I was so in love with her that I believed her. 尽管听起来很愚蠢,我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。 Patient as he was,he didn’t like waiting that long. 他虽说有耐心,也不愿等这么长。 Beautiful though the necklace was,we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮,我们认为价钱太高。

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用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where引导定语从句时,它的先行词就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where 所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请看以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters. 1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other. 请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

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