最新2018年高考英语模拟试题及答案1-5套

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真卷

英语(一)

本试卷共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

★祝考试顺利★

注意事项:

1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)

做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How did the man feel about the movie?

A. It was funny.

B. It was a good comedy.

C. He didn’t want to see it.

2. When should the woman be at the airport?

A. At 9:00.

B. At 9:30.

C. At 10:30.

3. When is the good time to go to New Zealand?

A. In June.

B. In August.

C. In December.

4. How much do the man and his wife pay for their gym?

A. $ 130 a month.

B. $ 80 a month.

C. $ 50 a month.

5. Why doesn’t the woman like the Star Club?

A. It’s too expens ive.

B. It’s too far away.

C. It’s too loud.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. How many apartments does the man have in total?

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

7. What does the man prefer to be?

A. A writer.

B. A designer.

C. A landlord.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8. What’s the relationship between the speakers?

A. Teacher and student.

B. Classmates.

C. Doctor and patient.

9. Why is the man in bed?

A. He has a fever.

B. He hurt his back.

C. He is very sleepy.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10. Where did the woman just come from?

A. Her house.

B. Her office.

C. The train station.

11. Why does the man get to the airport so quickly?

A. He drove on the highway.

B. He drove a fast car.

C. He took a shortcut.

12. What does the woman tell the man to do in the end?

A. Keep the change.

B. Get his tires fixed.

C. Take a vacation.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13. Why does the man want a part-time job?

A. To have some extra spending money.

B. To pay his school fees.

C. To help his future career.

14. What kinds of jobs has the man applied for?

A. Service jobs.

B. Office jobs.

C. Manufacturing jobs.

15. What is the main purpose of a cover letter?

A. To describe the job market.

B. To introduce a job applicant.

C. To ask the employer about the job duties.

16. What does the woman say about finding a job?

A. It is easier now than it used to be.

B. Employers never read resumes anymore.

C. The job market is very competitive.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17. What news does the speaker tell his audience?

A. He will retire in several months.

B. He will host a different show.

C. He will join a jazz band soon.

18. Who is the first special guest tonight?

A. The Roots.

B. Jay Leno.

C. Bill Clinton.

19. What is Brian Cranston known for?

A. A hit TV show.

B. His well-known songs.

C. His popular movies.

20. What will the audience do next?

A. Listen to a funny story.

B. Welcom e the show’s band.

C. Welcome the first special guest.

【答案】1—5 CCCBA 6—10 CABAB 11—15 CABAB 16—20 CBCAB

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

(重庆市重点中学九校联盟2018届高三第一次联考)The dangers of sitting all day are obvious. Researchers have shown that remaining sitting for extended periods of time (like at your 9-to-5 desk job) can do harm to your health. While exercise is a big part of reducing the harmful effects of sitting, it was unclear how many gym periods were needed to help – until now.

A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary (久坐的)job. Instead of a fixed number of hours spent exercising, the ratio(比率)depends on how much you sit: people who work a typical eight-hour day should spend at least one hour each day moving. If you sit six hours a day, you should spend half an hour exercising. The research also indicates that the exercise doesn’t have to be all once –or rigorous(严格的). It can be spread throughout the day and be as simple as walking.

The team behind the study analyzed data from a pool of a million adults over the age of 45 in Western Europe, the United States, and Australia. Using previous data, the researchers examined data from 16 published studies and used it to determine how much exercise is required to compensate for sitting. Their recommended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day.

Fitting in an hour of exercise a day sounds especially discouraging if you have a desk job, but there are plenty of workouts you can complete before and after work. Even if it means taking a 10-minute walk during lunch, your body will thank you in the long run.

21. The underlined words “compensate for” can be best replaced by ________.

A. make up for

B. break away from

C. give up

D. take the place of

【答案】A

【解析】猜测词义题。此处指利用之前的数据,研究人员研究了16项已发表的研究数据,并利用它来确定需要多少运动来补偿久坐。“compensate for”指补偿,弥补,与make up for同义,故选A。

22. According to the new study, good news for the people working long hours at desk is that ________.

A. workouts may reduce the harm of sitting for long

B. the harm of sitting for long has been proved

C. they don’t have to exercise as long a s suggested previously

D. the time spent on exercise is flexible

【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段The research also indicates that the exercise doesn’t have to be all once –or rigorous(严格的). It can be spread throughout the day and be as simple as walking.和第三段Their recommended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day.可知对久坐的人来说,运动要求并不严格,可以在一天完成。由此可见时间比较灵活。故选D。

23. What can be inferred from the article?

A. The best form of workouts is walking.

B. The longer you exercise, the better.

C. The new exercise goal is practical though higher.

D. A desk job makes it impossible to exercise regularly.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段Their recommended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day.可知他们建议的每日锻炼目标比以前要高,但也能实现。故选C。

24. The second paragraph is developed mainly ________.

A. by example

B. by process

C. by comparison

D. by contrast

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。第二段首句A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary(久坐的)job.和下面的具体数据是用例子来说明这项新研究的内容,所以本段是用了举例的方法,故选A。

B

(江西省名校学术联盟2018届高三第二次教学质量检测)

Children and Youth Sidewalk Sale

Young people are bursting with artistic energy. The Children and Youth Sidewalk Sale (CYSS) of the Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts is a fun way for boys and girls to express themselves visually. It focuses on encouraging the creative growth of young people, believing they can develop their artistic potential through personal expression in individual original objects.

CYSS is a highlight of Children and Youth Day, Wednesday, July 12, 2018. This day features performances for and by young people, art and craft workshops and demonstrations. All artists must be between the ages of 8 and 18 and live or have relatives living in any of the centrally located Pennsylvania counties to participate.

All artworks must be original and age-appropriate for the event’s audience, most of who m are under 18. The sales of work made from small animals and the sales of food are prohibited. A complete listing of the rules can be found in the application. Please review the rules carefully as they may have changed since you last participated in the event.

Artists must personally be present during the entire clay. Representatives, including family members, may not attend in place of the artist.

How to Enter

1. Complete both sides of the entry form. A parent signature is required.

2. On a separate sheet, provide a brief description of the artwork and the materials used. Do not send samples; they cannot be returned.

3. Enclose at least one photograph of your work.

4. Mail application and photo of your work to P. O. Box 1023, Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts.

25. What’s the aim of CYSS?

A. To teach young people to develop their interest in arts.

B. To help young people get some extra money for their work.

C. To get young people to develop their artistic potential.

D. To improve the performing skills of young people.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。由It focuses on encouraging the creative growth of young people, believing they can develop their artistic potential through personal expression in individual original objects.可知CYSS的目的是帮助年轻人开发他们的艺术潜能,选C。

26. What’s the feature of Children and Youth Day?

A. All the artworks are original and proper for young people.

B. Most of the artworks are focused on animal protection.

C. The participants must be residents of central Pennsylvania.

D. The sales of artworks about animals are not allowed.

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。由All artworks must be original and age-appropriate for the event’s audience, most of whom are under 18.可知儿童和青年日的特色是所有的作品都是别出心裁,并且适合年轻人,选A。

27. Which of the following is required for application?

A. A sample of the applican t’s artwork.

B. A return envelope with stamps on it.

C. Detailed description of the artwork.

D. The signature of the applicant’s parent.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。由Complete both sides of the entry form. A parent signature is required.可知申请时,需要申请人的父母签名,选D。

C

(辽宁省大连市旅顺口区2018届高三第二次联考)“One of the reason I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger,” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.

By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely.

In her Study, participants were randomly(随机地) assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy(疗法) with a nurse before and after quit day.

Six months later, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it--more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.

And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice,” says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them addiction and withdrawal symptoms(脱瘾症状) before they even reached the day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s acceptable. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.

People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.

28. What dose Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?

A. She quit smoking with her daughter’s help.

B. She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.

C. She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.

D. She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的信息可得出Lindson-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者,第二段中她发现她的母亲有效地戒烟了,而且戒地很突然、很彻底。A、B、C选项在文中都没有提及,属于无中生有选项。故选D。

29. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley’s study?

A. They were given physical training.

B. They were offered nicotine replacement.

C. They were encouraged by psychologist.

D. They were looked after by physicians.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句话,提到两组志愿者在戒烟前使用nicotine replacement(尼古丁替代疗法),他们还在戒烟前后接受护士的talk therapy(谈话治疗)。结合定位信息及四个选项的意思,故选B。

30. How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley’s experiment?

A. It is encouraging

B. It is unexpected

C. It is impractical

D. It is misleading

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第五段后半部分Dr. Gabriela Ferreira的引语部分,其中她提到“It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it.”得知Dr. Gabriela Ferreira认为Lindson-Hawley的研究结果令人鼓舞,故选A。

31. Take the idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) as an example to show that quitting smoking .

A. is something few can accomplish

B. requires a lot of patience

C. needs some practice first

D. is a challenge at the beginning

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice”,由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需要一些练习,A、B、D选项在文中都没有提及,属于无中生有选项。故选C。

D

(河北衡水中学2018届高三八模)That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the first night, effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.

Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.

The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall aslee p and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.

Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.

32. What do we learn about Dr. Y uka Sasaki doing her research?

A. She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.

B. She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.

C. She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.

D. She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins

that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. Dr. Sasaki先前对鸟类和海豚的实验中发现动物在睡觉时左半侧大脑远没有右半侧大脑睡得深,这样可以使它们在休息时保持对捕食者的警惕,表明动物的大脑活动是不对称的,Sasak好奇人类情况是否类似。可以得知对人类睡眠实验的想法来源于之前对鸟和海豚做的实验。故选C。

33. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?

A. She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.

B. She recruited (招募) 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.

C. She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.

D. She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains.可知,她让参与者在新的环境中睡觉,并测试他们的大脑活动。故选A。

34. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?

A. She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.

B. She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.

C. She exposed her participants to two different stimuli (刺激物).

D. She compared the responses of different participants.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。该题定位句是最后一段“Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.”。这句话提到Sasaki博士重新进行了一次实验,他让睡眠中的参加者听了两种声音,分别是“mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone”(定时响起音调不变的嘀声)和“irregular beeps of a different tone”(随机响起音调各异的嘀声)。故选C。

35. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?

A. They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.

B. They tended to recognize irregular beeps as a threat.

C. They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.

D. They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。该题定位句是最后一段She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.得知Sasaki博士在实验中发现当人们在陌生环境中睡觉时,左半侧大脑保持清醒以警惕陌生环境,对随机发出的嘀声有所反应将人们从睡眠中叫醒,并且同时会忽略定时发出的嘀嘀声。可以推断出人们会把随机发出的嘀声视作一个威胁。故选B。

第二节(共 5 小题,每小题 2 分,满分10 分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

(广东佛山市2018届高三第一次教学质量检测)Many of us are hardwired NOT to ask for help. We think it makes us appear weak. We think people will say no. we think we have to do everything ourselves.___36___. We have to get over that, and there’s how:

Get over yourself

No one—and I mean NO ONE----got anywhere alone. You cannot and should not do everything yourself. You are not, in fact, always the best person for the job, or the “only” person who can do it. Asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness. Asking for help clears space for you and frees your time and energy. ___37___.

Rebuild your thinking

Rebuild what it means to ask for help from “I am a weak, incompetent loser” to “I am strategically allocating my time to focus on what matters most.” Don’t focus on the fact that you can’t do something or don’t have the time. ___38___. It’s a chance to connect, a chance to value a colleague, a chance to get something done faster or better, a chance to optimize your own time and talents.

39___

Asking for help is about tapping valuable resources to get the best outcome the most quickly with the fewest resources expended. That’s a fancy way of saying “get the right people for the job.” __40___. And the best way to do that is to know your colleagues, and proactively build relationships.

A. Know your colleagues.

B. Think about your colleagues.

C. Your energy can’t be wasted.

D. It’s a smart strategy.

E. It’s all about building the right team.

F. Instead, think about what you will gain from the ask.

G. Whatever the reason, we don’t ask for the help we need.

【答案】36.G 37.D 38.F 39.A 40.E

【解析】36. 考查上下文推理判断能力。根据本段介绍人们天生不喜欢求助,G项意思是:不管什么原因,我们都不需要帮助。符合本段意思,承接上文。故选G。

37. 考查上下文推理判断能力。本段标题是“别自以为是”,并且本段介绍寻求帮助是力量的标志,而不是软弱。D项意思是:这是一个聪明的策略。D项作为本段最后一句,符合语境,承接上文。故选D。

38. 考查上下文推理判断能力。根据上句意思,不要把注意力集中在你不能做某件事或者没有时间的事实上,并根据下文“这是一个联系的机会,一个机会去评价一个同事,一个更快或更好地完成某件事的机会,一个机会来优化你自己的时间和才能。”可知,该处要和上句意思是转折关系。F项意思是:相反,想想从这个问题中你会得到什么。符合语境。故选F。

39. 考查上下文推理判断能力。根据本段最后一句“And the best way to do that is to know your colleagues, and proactively build relationships.”可知这一段是关于了解同事,建立关系。A项意思:了解你的同事。符合语境,作为本段的标题最合适。故选A。

40. 考查上下文推理判断能力。本段主题是了解同事,并且上文是说寻求帮助就是利用宝贵的资源,找合适的人做这份工作。E项意思是:这一切都是为了建立一个正确的团队。承接上文,符合语境。故选E。

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45)

第一节完形填空(共20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分30 分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

(全国名校大联考2018届高三新课标仿真四)For The Flying Classroom’s second project, 11 of us from Tehran went to Tokhme-Baloot, a rural village in Ilam, one of the poorest provinces in the country. ___41___ by the government, Ilam has a high rate of unemployment, __42___ and drug use. People there used to make their living by farming, but now this way of life is ___43___ by constant famine (饥荒). The situation for children there is ___44___. Boys who don’t do well in school must start work after eighth grade and girls who don’t do well in school stay at home doing __45___ or get married.

Because our research before the trip made us believe there were large ___46___ around the village, we planned our project concept around oak (橡树) trees and squirrels to make the children ___47___ the beauty of

the environment.

___48___, when we arrived at the village, we saw that there were only flat, __49___ grass fields. Tokhme-Baloot was far less ___50___ than we had expected. The village had only gotten gas and electricity four years earlier, and it was sometimes __51___ in the winter. After we saw the village and the surrounding area, the best concept for the project that we could think of focused on the respect for ___52___.

We began working with the students. Children started ___53___ the school equipment in bright colors. My colleague Zoya and I cut a dead branch into pieces and painted it to recreate a tree inside the school, as a symbol of nature __54___ by children, and on it we hung the squirrels and cranes. We left the school in bright colors with objects to ___55___ the children’s imaginations.

Projects like ours are viewed ___56___ by Iran’s government, and during our trip we were __57___ twice, once by the army and once by Basij, a paramilitary (准军事的) militia (民兵组织). They came to the school and talked to our group’s founder about the project, questioning him about is __58___, who supported it, who our members were, etc. After the tip, we ___59___ that The Flying Classroom might be stopped, but ___60___, it wasn’t.

41. A. Supported B. Ignored C. Cheated D. Valued

42. A. poverty B. influence C. development D. increase

43. A. used B. covered C. threatened D. enjoyed

44. A. hopeful B. poor C. wonderful D. strange

45. A. homework B. cooking C. chores D. washing

46. A. companies B. factories C. forests D. markets

47. A. destroy B. appreciate C. forget D. decide

48. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead

49. A. false B. dusty C. poisonous D. rare

50. A. developed B. visited C. known D. polluted

51. A. benefited B. produced C. burned D. interrupted

52. A. war B. nature C. love D. god

53. A. dreaming B. stealing C. painting D. borrowing

54. A. praised B. written C. created D. saved

55. A. limit B. inspire C. share D. check

56. A. skeptically B. naturally C. wonderfully D. secretly

57. A. sentenced B. killed C. interviewed D. rescued

58. A. purpose B. result C. income D. success

59. A. hoped B. concluded C. pretended D. feared

60. A. secondly B. fortunately C. unluckily D. gradually

【答案】

41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. A 51.

D 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. A 57. C 58. A 59. D 60. B

【解析】

41. B考查动词。A. Supported 支持;B. Ignored 忽视;C. Cheated 欺骗;D. Valued珍惜。Ilam被政府忽视,在这里它有一个高的失业率、贫困和吸毒。故选B。

42. A考查名词。A. poverty 贫穷;B. influence影响;C. development发展;D. increase增长。Ilam被政府忽视,在这里它有一个高的失业率、贫困和吸毒。故选A。

43. C考查动词。A. used使用;B. covered 覆盖;C. threatened 威胁;D. enjoyed喜爱。那里的人们过去靠农业谋生,但是现在这种生活方式被连续不断的饥荒所威胁。故选C。

44. B考查形容词。A. hopeful 有希望的;B. poor 可怜的,贫穷的;C. wonderful 极好的;D. strange 奇怪的。对那里的孩子来说情况就是可怜。故选B。

45. C考查名词。A. homework 家庭作业; B. cooking做饭;C. chores 零工;D. washing洗涤。学业不好的男孩八年级之后一定开始工作,学业不好的女孩留在家里做零活或结婚。故选C。

46. C考查名词。A. companies 公司;B. factories 工厂;C. forests森林;D. markets市场。因为我们旅行前的研究使我们相信有大片的森林,为了使孩子们欣赏到环境的美,我们在橡树和松鼠周围规划了我们的项目理念。故选C。

47. B考查动词。A. destroy 毁掉;B. appreciate 鉴赏;C. forget忘记;D. decide决定。为了使孩子们欣赏到环境的美,我们在橡树和松鼠周围规划了我们的项目理念。故选B。

48. A考查副词。A. However 然而;B. Therefore 因此;C. Besides 另外;D. Instead反而。然而,当我们到达村子时,我们看到那里只有平地和落满灰尘的草。故选A。

49. B考查形容词。A. false 错误的;B. dusty充满灰尘的;C. poisonous有毒的;D. rare罕见的。然而,当我们到达村子时,我们看到那里只有平地和落满灰尘的草。故选B。

50. A考查动词。A. developed 发展;B. visited访问;C. known 知道;D. polluted污染。Tokhme Baloot是远远低于我们预料的发展。故选A。

51. D考查动词。A. benefited 有利于;B. produced 生产;C. burned燃烧;D. interrupted打断。这个村庄四年前才有了煤气和电,在冬天有时候就中断了。故选D。

52. B考查名词。A. war 战争;B. nature自然;C. love爱;D. god上帝。我们看到村子和周围的情况,我们认为我们要专注于对大自然的尊重。故选B。

53. C考查动词。A. dreaming梦想;B. stealing偷;C. painting 粉刷,绘画;D. borrowing借。孩子们开始用鲜艳的颜色粉刷学校的设备。故选C。

54. D考查动词。A. praised 赞美;B. written 写;C. created创造;D. saved挽救,节约。我的同事Zoya 和我砍掉一个死树枝,把它弄成碎片,粉刷它,把它变成学校的一棵树,作为被孩子们挽救的大自然的一个象征符号。故选D。

55. B考查动词。A. limit 限制;B. inspire鼓舞;C. share 分享;D. check核对。我们把物品用鲜艳的颜色粉刷离开学校,激发孩子们的灵感。故选B。

56. A考查副词。A. skeptically怀疑地;B. naturally 自然地;C. wonderfully 极好地;D. secretly秘密地。像我们这样的项目被伊朗政府持怀疑态度。故选A。

57. C考查动词。A. sentenced审判;B. killed杀死;C. interviewed会见,面试;D. rescued营救。在旅游期间我们被会见两次。故选C。

58. A考查名词。A. purpose 目的;B. result 结果;C. income 收入;D. success成功。他们来到学校,和我们小组的创始人谈了这个项目。询问的目的是,谁支持它,它的成员是谁。故选A。

59. D考查动词。A. hoped 希望;B. concluded 得出结论;C. pretended假装;D. feared害怕。旅行之后我们唯恐The Flying Classroom可能被停止,但是很幸运,它没有。故选D。

60. B考查副词。A. secondly 第二;B. fortunately 幸运地;C. unluckily 不幸地;D. gradually逐渐地。旅行之后我们唯恐The Flying Classroom可能被停止,但是很幸运,它没有。故选B。

第II 卷

第三部分英语知识运用

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

(四川省绵阳市南山中学2018届高三二诊)As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving___61___(steady) through the air, and although the passengers___62___(fasten) their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess presented. She looked very pale,___63___was quite calm. Speaking quickly and almost in a whisper, she informed everyone that__64___pilot had fainted and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines. After a moment's__65___(hesitate), a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the

man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that___66___(send) by radio from the airport below. To everyone's relief, the plane,_67___was dangerously close to the ground at the moment, soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times to become familiar___68___the controls of the plane. The critical moment came when he had to land. The man,___69___(follow) the instructions, guided the plane toward the airfield, and it___70___(land) safely after a long run along the runway.

【答案】61. unsteadily 62. had fastened 63. but 64. the 65. hesitation

66. were being sent 67. which 68. with 69. following 70. landed

【解析】61. unsteadily考查上下文串联以及词性转换。根据前句everyone sensed that something was wrong每个人都感觉到出事了。所以飞机在空中不稳定地飞行,所以使用否定意义的副词unsteadily“不稳定地”。

62. had fastened考查动词的时态。句意:飞机在空中不稳定地飞行,尽管乘客们先前已经系好了安全带,但是他们还是被突然向前抛去。可知乘客们系好安全带是在他们被向前抛之前,所以使用过去完成时。

63. but考查连词。句意:就在那时,空姐出现了。她看上去脸色苍白,但是很镇定。根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系,所以使用连词but表示转折。

64. the句意:她告诉每位乘客飞行员已经不省人世,乘客中是否有谁了解机械方面的知识的。此处特指这架飞机上的“飞行员”,是特指,故答案为the。

65. hesitation句意:片刻犹豫之后,---。根据句意可知此处用名词形式,故答案为hesitation。

66. were being sent考查动词的时态和语态。本题定语从句的先行词是the urgent instructions,关系代词that指代先行词在句中做主语,与动词send构成被动关系,所以使用过去进行时的被动语态,指地面塔台发送的紧急指示命令。答案为were being sent。

67. which考查定语从句。本句中关系代词which指代先行词the plane在句中作主语,引导定语从句。句意:让大家欣慰的是,那时非常危险地靠近地面的飞机不久就开始爬升。

68. with 考查固定短语。短语:be familiar with对……熟悉。句意:为了熟悉对飞机的控制,那个男士不得不让飞机在空中盘旋了几次。故答案为with。

69. following考查非谓语动词。本句中动词follow与句子主语the man(也是follow的逻辑主语之间构成主动关系,所以使用现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。句意:那个男士按照地面塔台发送的指令引导飞机向机场飞去,飞机沿着跑道滑行了很长一段距离后安全降落了。故答案为following。

70. landed 句意:在跑道上过了很长时间之后安全着陆。根据句意可知用一般过去时态,故答案为landed。

第四部分写作(共两节满分35)

第一节短文改错(10 分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(甘肃省高台一中2018届高三第五次模拟)Yesterday I went to see a film with my best friend. We set off at 1:30 in the afternoon and plan to arrive at the cinema before 2:30 so that we could watch the 3:15 show. The traffic was terrible bad. That made it even worse was that our bus broke up on the way. They stopped a taxi but rushed to the cinema, arriving ten minutes before the show. “Two ticket for 3:15,” Kate said, put the money on the courier. The film started at the moment we sat down in the cinema. It was an exciting film and we had great time yesterday

afternoon.

【答案】

Yesterday I went to see a film with my best friend. We set off at 1:30 in the afternoon and plan to arrive

planned

at the cinema before 2:30 so that we could watch the 3:15 show. The traffic was terrible bad. That made it

terribly What

even worse was that our bus broke up on the way. They stopped a taxi but rushed to the cinema, arriving ten

down We and

minutes before the show. “Two ticket for 3:15,” Kate said, put the money on the courier The film started at

tickets putting

the moment we sat down in the cinema. It was an exciting film and we had great time yesterday afternoon.

a

【解析】

1.考查时态。发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以plan 改planned。

2.考查副词。修饰形容词bad,用副词,所以terrible 改terribly。

3.考查主语从句。what made it even worse是一个主语从句,引导词在从句中作主语, 所以That 改What。

4.考查固定用法。更糟糕的是我们的公共汽车在路上坏了。break down发生故障,是固定用法,所以up 改down。

5.考查代词。我们拦了一辆出租车,并且慌忙冲向电影院。所以They 改We。

6.考查连词。我们拦了一辆出租车,并且慌忙冲向电影院。表示并列关系,所以but 改and。

7.考查名词单复数。被Two修饰,所以用复数,ticket 改tickets。

8.考查非谓语动词。put与其逻辑主语Kate之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词,put 改putting。

9.考查固定用法。我们刚一坐下,电影就开始了。the moment表示“一……就”,所以去掉at。

10.考查固定用法。have a great time玩得高兴,是固定用法,所以had 后加a。

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

(2018版全国百所名校高三示范卷六)假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Jenny想学习中文,给你发来一封电子邮件询问学中文是否很难。请你给她回一封信,简要介绍学习中文需要注意的事项,并表示你愿意提供帮助。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

【答案】

Dear Jenny,

I’m glad that you are so fascinated with Chinese. As a language used by a large population in the world, Chinese has become more and more popular with foreigners. To study Chinese, you are advised to learn from elementary Chinese, like Chinese pinyin and characters. Believe it or not, its grammar is quite similar to that of English, so there is no need to worry about it.

However, just like any other languages, Chinese has its special characteristics, such as its tones and each Chinese character with its unique structure, making it harder for foreigners to learn. So they may fall into a difficult situation, feeling discouraged, not knowing what it conveys. As your penfriend, I feel it a duty to offer my help whenever you meet with difficult language points while studying Chinese.

Best regards.

Yours,

Li Hua 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真卷

英语(二)

本试卷共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

★祝考试顺利★

注意事项:

1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)

做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A.£ 19.15

B.£ 9.18

C.£ 9.15

答案是C。

1. What does the man play?

A. Sports.

B. Musical instruments.

C. Computer games.

2. What will the woman probably do today?

A. Attend the wedding.

B. Go over her lessons.

C. Eat out with the man.

3. What’s the man’s major?

A. Journalism.

B. Business.

C. International relations.

4. Where does this conversation take place?

A. At a bus stop.

B. At the railway station.

C. At the airport.

5. What does the man mean?

A. He has been to the restaurant many times.

B. He heard about the restaurant from Tom.

C. He intends to try a better restaurant.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. Who says organic food tastes better?

A. The man.

B. The woman.

C. The woman’s fri end.

7. What does the woman suggest doing?

A. Only buying organic products.

B. Trying some organic vegetables.

C. Asking Joe for advice about food.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8. What does the woman think of washing clothes by herself?

A. Troublesome.

B. Fun.

C. Not a big deal.

9. Why will she take her clothes to the laundry tomorrow?

A. It’s too tiring to hand-wash sheets.

B. She has too much work to do.

C. She just heard about the laundry.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10. What happened to Tony today?

A. He lost his job.

B. He was criticized by his boss.

C. His vacation in summer was cancelled.

11. How did he feel about it?

A. Astonished.

B. Extremely angry.

C. Sad but not surprised.

12. What is he going to do?

A. Wait to be called back to the company.

B. Talk with his boss about his problems.

C. Start to look for a new job.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13. Where did chopsticks originate?

A. In Japan.

B. In China.

C. In Korea.

14. What kind of chopsticks are often used by ordinary Chinese people?

A. Wood or bamboo ones.

B. Jade ones.

C. Plastic ones.

15. Why did ancient kings and emperors use silver chopsticks?

A. To show their wealth.

B. To see if their food was poisoned.

C. To show their power.

16. What do Chinese people think knives and forks suggest?

A. Violence.

B. High quality life.

C. Gentleness.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17. What course is English Literature 201?

A. A course on the works of William Shakespeare.

B. A course on the history of English literature.

C. A course on classics of English literature.

18. When will the midterm exam be held?

A. After Romeo and Juliet.

B. Right after Macbeth.

C. During Week 6.

19. Which of the following is NOT on the list of books?

A. Hamlet.

B. Macbeth.

C. Henry VI.

20. What is the talk mainly about?

A. Changes in homework assignments.

B. The life of William Shakespeare.

C. William Shakespeare’s masterpieces.

【答案】1-5 ABBCB 6-10 CBCAA 11-15 CCBAB 16-20 AACCA

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

(河南省郑州一中2017-2018学年高三一模)After two years of careful consideration, Robert McCrum has reached a conclusion on his selection of the 100 greatest novels written in English. Take a look at a few in his list:

The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Banyan (1678)

A story of a man in search of truth told with the simple clarity and beauty of Bunyan’s prose makes this an English classic.

Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe (1719)

By the end of the 19th century, no book in English literary history had enjoyed more editions and translations. This world-famous novel is a complex literature that one cannot resist.

Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift (1726)

A great work that’s been repeatedly printed, Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels comes third in our list of the best novels written in English.

Clarissa by Samuel Richardson (1748)

Clarissa is a tragic heroine, pressured by her dishonorable family to marry a wealthy man she dislikes, in the book that Samuel Johnson described as “the first book in the world that shows the knowledge about the human heart”.

Tom Jones by Henry Fielding (1749)

Tom Jones is a classic English novel that gets the spirit of its age and whose characters are well-known since they have come to represent the society at that time.

Emma by Jane Austen (1816)

Jane Austen’s Emma is her most outstanding work, mixing the best parts of her early books with a deep sense of feelings.

The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket by Edgar Allan Poe (1838)

Edgar Allan Poe’s only novel—a classic adventure story with supernatural elements—has fascinated and influenced generations of writers.

21. Which English book has got the most translations before the 20th century?

A. Robinson Crusoe.

B. Gulliver’s Travels.

C. Tom Jones.

D. Emma.

【答案】A

【解析】细节推理题。根据Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe (1719)中By the end of the 19th century, no book in English literary history had enjoyed more editions and translations.可知20世纪前Robinson Crusoe的翻译量最大,故选A。

22. What does Samuel Johnson think we can learn about from the book Clarissa?

A. A love story.

B. Quarrels in a family.

C. The human heart.

D. The spirits of the lime.

【答案】C

【解析】细节推理题。根据Clarissa by Samuel Richardson (1748)中in the book that Samuel Johnson described as “the first book in the world that shows the knowledge about the human heart”.可知Samuel Johnson认为这本书带给我们的是关于human heart的知识,故选C。

23. What makes the characters in Tom Jones famous?

A. Their classic lifestyles.

B. Their different nationalities.

C. Their typical spirits of the age.

D. Their representation of the society.

【答案】D

【解析】细节推理题。根据Tom Jones by Henry Fielding (1749)中Tom Jones is a classic English novel that

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