新编英语教程第五册课后练习题答案

Answers to the exercises in Unit 1

II. Paraphrase

1.A writer who is particular about the exactness of an expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately.

2. To a certain extent, the process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately express your thoughts and feelings, and words that may most effectively make your listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings.

3. Finding the most suitable word to use is in no sense easy. But there is nothing like the delight we shall experience when such a word is located.

4. Once we are able to use language accurately, we are in a position to fully understand our subject matter.

III. Translate

1.After citing many facts and giving a number of statistical figures, he finally drove home his point.

2. It took us half a year more or less to carry through the research project.

3. What he said was so subtle that we could hardly make out his true intention.

4. His new book looks squarely at the contemporary social problems.

5. The younger generation today are very much alive to the latest information found on the Internet.

6. It is a matter of opinion whether a foreign language is more easily learned in one’s childhood or otherwise.

7. Never lose heart in the face of a setback; take courage and deal with it squarely.

8. Rice, meat, vegetables, and fruit constitute a balanced diet.

Language Work

III.

1. clumsy-unskillful

2. deft-skilful

3. loose-vague

4. subtle-tricky

precise-accurate 6. shift-alteration 7. vague-ambiguous 8. scrupulous-conscientious 9. ignorance-want of knowledge 10. disadvantages-drawbacks 11.

cultivating-developing 12. mistaken-erroneous 13.unimportant-trivial 14. dark-dim 15. flexible-adaptable 16. fine-subtle 17. sentimental-emotional 18. essence-quintessence 19. coercion-compulsion 20. fascinating-absorbing

1. less

2. because/since/as

3. not/disagree

4. that

5. resistance

6. runners

solve/resolve 8. More 9. That 10. without 11.achievement/feat/accomplishment 12.

in 13. do/achieve/finish 14. physical 15. those 16. few 17. cannot 18. the 19. with 20. not

Answers to the exercises in unit 2

II. Paraphrase

1. What happens is that the Mediterranean, the cradle of many ancient cultures, is seriously polluted. It is the first of the seas that has been made to suffer from a situation resulting from development mixed with an irresponsible mentality.

2. Further, while the places such as Cannes and Tel Aviv dispose of their wastes through a pipe stretching out half a mile from the shore, most cities do not even bother to do that but simply dump their sewage directly into the sea along the coastline.

3. There is an even bigger hazard hidden in the seafood dishes that are forever so appealing to those holiday- makers.

4.Factories are set up around the coastline, few of which, including the most sophisticated, have been equipped with a satisfactory system for

dealing with their effluents.

Translation

1. One man’s effort is not enough to cope with such a complicated situation.

2. When do you think the new IT (information technology) regulations will take effect?

3.The chances of winning a prize in a lottery are slim; perhaps only a

one-in-a-hundred chance.

4. It is deplorable that many a youngster has fallen victim to the use of drugs.

5.There is virtually no one who is in favor of his proposal.

6. Beware of the swindler with a slick tongue and a smiling face.

7. Don’t touch the bag! The explosive in it may blow up at any minute. Your life will be at risk.

8. He looked quite confident about the job, though some doubts lurked in the depth of his mind.

Language Work

I.1-5 BABBA 6-10 DBADC

II.1-5 CDBCC 6-10 CDCDC

III.

1. in contras

2. on the contrary

3. but/except

4. Apart from/ Besides

5. besides/apart from

6. without

7. except for

8. except for/ apart from

9. also 10. In contrast 11. Apart from/Except for 12. beside 13. on the contrary 14. In … contrast

VI.

1. heats

2. If

3. colder

4. climate

5. affected/influenced

6. maritime

7. warm/mild

8. continental

9. evaporates 10. absorb/hold 11. sponge/cloth 12. saturate 13. surface 14. small/tiny 15. raindrop 16. clouds 17. As 18. out 19. land

Answers to the exercises in Unit 3

II. Paraphrase

1. This natural ability of getting to the essence of a subject was the key to the great discoveries made by him in science-This natural gift and his unusual awareness of beauty.

2. His engrossment in ideas was incredibly intense and deep. When attacking a problem difficult to solve, he kept attempting to deal with it with great effort, just as an animal chases and bites a weaker animal it preys upon until the latter gives in.

3. He would look lost in thought, thinking about something distant, and yet meditating within himself. He did not seem to be in deep thought, nor did he knit his brows—he was just in self-contained peaceful contemplation.

4.The theories, considered isolated one by one, was really credible, so much so that they seem to be simple and clear. But when considered together, they were so strongly contradictory to each other that a less learned scholar would have given up one or the other completely and would no longer take up the issue again.

5. Einstein’s work was done quietly with pencil on paper a nd seemed to be far removed from the confusion of everyday life, but his ideas were so radical that they led to strong arguments and made people unreasonably angry.

III. Translation

(1) He honked his car horn to alert the pedestrians.

(2) The fast development of Information Technology is an outstanding example of human endeavour.

(3) Mary groped for the appropriate words to express her indebtedness to her teacher.

(4) The school principal’s plain words conveyed a message of challenge to the young people.

(5) Don’t tamper with the wires, or you may cause a short circuit.

(6) He thought he could beat everyone at the competition, but his excessive confidence failed him.

(7) What he said seemed simple and clear, but there was an implied meaning that we co uldn’t quite fathom.

(8) He tried to steer the group’s random talk towards some constructive subjects.

Answers to the exercises in Unit 6

II. Paraphrase

(1) When I got ready to enter college, I was expecting a college education in some definite fields. I was very eager to know the answers to some questions difficult to understand, and that has made me work and improve myself; especially in areas of study where there were no prompt answers, but there were endless questions.

(2) When he read or recited Greek poetry, it seemed that what was described in the verse became alive; both the romantic ideas and the poetical lines sounded like beautiful music, and I, just like him, was motivated to be neither a hero in poetry nor a poet who created poetry, but only a student of Greek culture and poetry, in such a way that I would be able to interpret Greek poetry.

(3) ―Come on, boy. The world belongs to you—you are expected to do creative thinking and to act creatively for the world. There is still a lot to be accomp lished, and

a lot to be found out. No poem written can be called the greatest and no railroad built can be the best. The perfect state has yet to be conceived. Everything has yet to be done.

(4) What I was hearing was the unrestrained, earnest, and sparkling interchanges of great intellect as sharp as first-rate tools. They were always polite, speaking one at a time; no one spoke to anyone in secret and no one digressed; they all spoke when there was an issue everyone was interested in; and while they were explaining something, anyone, no matter whether he was for or against the issue, would tell others what he knew about a philosopher’s opinion or a poet’s phrase in order to clarify or to beautify the theme.

III. Translate

1. Can you make out the meaning of his long-winded harangue?

2. Being worried about his exam results, he was not in the least attentive to the visiting professor’s lecture.

3. Is it easier for a child or a grown-up to pick up the rudiments of a foreign language in a short period of time?

4. Did what he said about the short-term training course appeal to you?

5. The biography of the great scientist inspired him to greater efforts in doing research.

6. Should we be indifferent to the living conditions of the people in the lower income bracket?

7. The decision made recently by the school board had little to bear on our curriculum.

8. The ship was so strongly built that it can withstand any storm.

Language Work

I 1-5. ABCBD 6-10. BBBAD

Answers to the exercises in unit 7

II. Paraphrase

1. In my opinion, gifted children are children who are specially endowed with natural abilities which rank high on testing scales.

2. I am of the opinion that children should be grouped according to their interest and ability and be subject to a form of training that will develop their abilities and capabilities to the utmost.

3. It is the teacher, rather than the way that the classes are formed, that influences the students in how they look at differences in ability among themselves.

4.I am confident that if teachers are aware of individual differences and motivate young people in different ways, the students will develop through cultivating their own interests and abilities.

III. Translate

1. Her questions about the functioning of the software manifest a great interest in Information Technology on her part.

2. We have no grounds to prove the validity of the theory of the ―missing link.‖

3. To a certain extent, his reasoning is valid, but not as a general rule.

4. His tireless efforts yielded great fruits – a new theory in genetics.

5. Don’t think that all great scientists are endowed with special talents –it’s 99% of perspiration and only 1% of inspiration that make them great.

6. What criteria did you use when you elected the chairpers on of the Students’ Union?

7. Can you identify the handwriting of all your students?

8. Whether or not the outcome is successful lies with the efforts made by the candidates.

Language Work

I.1-5 ACBDC 6-10. DACBB 11-15 ADACA 16-20 BBCAD

Answers to the exercises in Unit 8

II. Paraphrase.

1.People spend much of their life time trying hard to keep things in good shape. They think a product, after leaving its factory, should last at least for a reasonably long period before ceasing to work.

2. Quality-control instruments and testing devices are also governed by Murphy’s Law, so they are not reliable.

3. Look at the artifacts of the pre-industrial era exhibited in a museum and you will see that technology is not the factor that decided the quality of these items.

4. If a handmade basket or boat is made by an inexperienced or irresponsible worker, it may break down as easily as machine-made baskets or boat.

5. My opinion is that it is the social relationship between producer and consumer rather than the technological relationship between producer and product that makes ―handmade‖ items so highly regarded.

III. Translate

1. The harsh reality of daily life dispelled all his hopes for a bright future.

2. Our sports meet will be postponed to next week because of the unpredictable weather.

3. Every visitor to this exhibition must show his/her identity card no matter who

he/she is.

4. The renovation plan for the old city centre is subject to the approval of the municipal government.

5. His hopes withered away after he had experienced one failure after another.

6. E-mail is so quick and convenient in sending messages that it may soon replace ordinary mail service.

7. The sight of the Great Wall evoked a sense of wonder in him.

8. The maintenance of quality-control instrument can be very costly.

Language Work

I 1-5. ABADA 6-10. CCBDB 11-15. DCBCD 16-20. ADDBD

Answers to the exercises in Unit 9

II. Paraphrase

1. The other was a newspaperman through and through—uncompromising, energetic, and intelligent about how to report reliable news based on facts.

2. The different ways of providing news, i.e., the newspaper, television, and radio seem all to follow the belief that all news is bad news. Why is this so? Could it be because people are used to dwelling on negative news as a rule and because newspaper people are generally sensitive to such news when facing everyday happenings?

3. I do not mean to propose that we make up some ―good‖ news and use it as a remedy for the catastrophes reported on the front page. Neither do I consider good news as a thorough and detailed news story about how the local YMCA operates.

4. What the news media report on us and on the world is the only information about ourselves and about the world we get. Such reportage had better be faithful to our life—and not be a distortion—because we must rely on the truthful picture of our life to make our decisions and plan our future.

5. The knowledge that you come to possess by your own efforts over a long period of time does not become part of your inborn character. You may be able to earn the good life in a good society, but such good life cannot be yours permanently. If the understanding of the good life in a good society is not passed on, you will lose what you have earned.

III. Translate

1. If there is anything you are not clear about the device, address your inquiry to our head office.

2. Before we put the new plan into practice, we had better scrutinize every aspect of it to make sure that it is practicable.

3. We expect that there will be a change for the better in this area after the new regulations are implemented.

4. Don’t take his wo rds literally. He's just cracking a joke.

5. The prospect of employing nitrogen fixation in agriculture is promising.

6. His attempt at contriving a correcting fluid which leaves no marks on paper ended in failure.

7. The non-Chinese-speaking foreigner gestured to make a request, but he just couldn’t get his idea across.

8. Without considering the urgency of the matter, he gave us a flat refusal, once and for all.

Language Work

I 1-5 BBCCC 6-10 BACAC 11-15 CC A/C BB 16-20 AAC A/B A

21-22 A/B C

Answers to the exercises in Unit 11

II. Paraphrase

1. The more you attempt to shake off your worry, the harder it will be for you to get rid of it/have it off your mind.

2. It is not a good idea to begin thinking of pursuing a hobby when you have already grown old.

3. It is no good believing that you are in a position to enjoy at a moment’s notice any pastime which happens to catch your fancy; pleasure comes from exerting one’s talents in a hobby suited to one’s circumstances.

4. Since those very wealthy people can afford to get access to almost anything they may think of and to turn the most fanciful ideas into reality, there is nothing in this world that can interest or excite them any more. To them, a new pleasure, a new excitement may very often make them even more bored about life.

5. In fact, it is probably those whose work provides them with their enjoyment are those who are most in need of periodic distractions from their work.

III. Translation

1. His attempt at insinuating that John was the culprit turned out to be futile.

2. He is very clever at improvising excuses when he fails to do what is expected of him.

3. His trip to Tibet will gratify his desire to see the Potala.

4. This corporation commands excellent human resources.

5. Think of an alternative way of entertaining your guests. Don’t always show them VCDs.

6. It is harmful to indulge in whims and caprices.

7. Try not to lay your hands on anything that you are not entitled to.

8. He did not come to the competition. It may well be that he had forgotten all about it.

Language Work

I 1-5 ACCDA 6-10 DBBCD 11-15 ADBBC 16-20 BCDBA

Answers to the exercises in Unit 12

II. Paraphrase

1. A person's life is, above all else, shaped by conformity to the customs passed down in his society.

2. We cannot understand the complexities of human life unless we know the role of custom in all its manifestations.

3. If we conduct any systematic inquiry, it is essential for us to be unbiased/ we need to be unbiased towards every component part of the subject under examination.

4. While people were convinced that differences between themselves on the one hand and aboriginal and backward people on the other hand were irreconcilable, the scientific study of the human race as such was not possible.

III. Translate

1Conventions are different from tradition in that the former are the generally accepted standards of behavior in a society, whereas the latter refers to the customary way of thinking or behaving that has been passed down from the past to the present.

2. For a long time the teachings of Confucius and Mencius held sway over Chinese society.

3. His scribbling is unintelligible to anyone but himself.

4. He appealed to the higher court on the premise that he was unjustly sentenced to two years' imprisonment.

5. One of my classmates finds it very difficult to differentiate between the two consonants /f/ and /v/.

6.The predominant feature of the botanical garden is its spaciousness.

7. Do you believe that human beings have evolved from the apes?

8. It is incumbent on the teachers not only to impart knowledge but also to teach the students moral principles.

Language Work

I. 1-5 ACBAC 6-10 ACBAB 11-15CBAAD 16-20 BDADB