2013高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳:五、动词和短语动词

2013高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳:五、动词和短语动词
2013高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳:五、动词和短语动词

2013高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳

五、动词和短语动词

知识网络

动词的分类行为动词(实义动词)

①及物动词(带宾语):study, develop;

②不及物动词(不带宾语)work, swim, go, come

③状态动词(相对静止)contain, exist, own, prefer, belong

④动作动词:延续性(work, stay);非延续性(marry, go, come)连系动词(汉语中没有这种词类)

助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语)

be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall

情态动词

can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)

短语动词常见的构成方式及其注意点动词+副词所构成的短语动词分及物的和不及物的两类

Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。(及物Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.

晚会后,人们都已离去,哈里出现了。(不及物)

注意:

①如果宾语较长,就应避免把副词同动词分开

She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的②如果宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副词之间

She gave them away.她送掉了它们。

③同一动词和不同副词搭配时,意义上有很大的差异

ring back回电话ring off挂断电话ring up打电话

put away放好put on穿,上演put up挂起,举起。

④不同动词和同一副词搭配时,在意义上有很大的差异

break out发生,爆炸carry out进行,开展go out熄灭hand out分发let out放出look out当心sell out卖完set out出发, take out取出work out算出

动词+介词(及物)

I'm looking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼镜。

注意:①当它跟宾语时,不能把介词放在宾语后面。

②同一动词和不同介词搭配时,意义上有很大的差异。

look after照料,look at看,look for寻找

动词+副词+介词

I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。

注:“动词+介词”、“动词+名词+副词”、“动词+副词+介词”,这三种搭配都是变成被动语态,不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be wel (不能漏掉after) 这样一来,粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。

考点聚焦及解题点拨

(单个动词)同义词近义词辨析从三个方面考虑:词的恰切含义、搭配(与介词、名词或非谓语动词的搭配)及物动词还是不及物动词)

系动词的用法状态系动词be

持续系动词keep,remain,stay,continue,lie,stand,rest

表象系动词seem,appear

感官/感觉系动词look,smell,taste,sound,feel

变化系动词become,grow,get,turn,fall,go,come

终止系动词prove,turn out

解答这类试题的关键首先是弄清题意,然后是分析句子结构,由此可判断出用作系动词,最后确定所要填入的答案。特别关注:go hungry,come true,tu

接双宾语的动词give sb. sth=give sth.to sb buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb

但是我们只能说:suggest sth. to sb. explain sth.to sb. read sth. to sb.

短语动词的辨析熟记常考的短语动词的意义

容易被我们忽视的知识点sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义happen, occur,take place, break out, come out, belong to等无被动形式

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