英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法

最近有同学反应，上外教课时，有些语法问题要和老师沟通，却不知道一些语法专有名词的英文怎么说，于是，只能用一大串英语来描述一个专有名词。例如，同学想问形容词的用法时，不会“形容词” 的英语说法，只好把问题这么描述:：“What are the rules of the words that are used to describe a person or thing?”

其实，the words that are used to describe a person or thing 指的就是形容词, 形容词的英文说法是“adjective”. 有鉴于此，现在把英文语法的专有名词说法，整理如下，同学花个几分钟的时间把他们记起来，下次再想问外教语法问题时，就不用那么麻烦啰！

中文英文全称及缩写中文英文全称及缩写

名词Noun (n.) 时态Tense

代词Pronoun (pron.) 一般式Simple tense

形容词Adjective (adj./a.) 进行式Progressive tense

动词Verb (v.) 完成式Perfect tense

数词Numeral (num.) 完成进行式Perfect Progressive tense

副词Adverb (adv./ad.) 现在时Present tense

冠词Article (atr.) 过去时Past tense

介词Preposition (prep.) 将来时Future tense

连词Conjunction (conj.) 过去将来时Past future tense

感叹词Interjection (interj.) 标点符号Punctuation Mark

词法Morphology 句号(.) Period (full stop)

句法Syntax 问号(?) Question mark 句子成分Members of the

惊叹号(!) Exclamation mark

Sentence

主语Subject 逗号(,) Comma

谓语Predicate 分号(;) Semicolon

表语Predicative 冒号(:) Colon

宾语Object 引号(“”,??)Quotation marks

补语Complement 破折号(-) Dash

定语Attributive 省略号(…)Dots (ellipsis)

状语Adverbial 括号( ) Parentheses (brackets) 同位语Appositive 斜号(/) Slash

短语Phrase 顿号(、) Slight-pause mark 从句Clause 缩写号(…)Apostrophe

常用英语语法术语表达

语法grammar

句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank

句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech

单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word

派生词derivative 复合词compound

词性part of speech

名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun

介词preposition 连词conjunction 数词numeral 基数词cardinal

序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb

助动词auxiliary verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb

非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses

动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree

时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct

连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb

代词pronoun 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb

不规则动词irregular verb 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun

形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article

不定冠词indefinite article 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form

限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form

从句clause

从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause

定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause

主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause

时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place

方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result

目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition

真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition

非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition

含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition

错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition

句子sentence

简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence

并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence

疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question

特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question

附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question

修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question

存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence

句子成分members of sentences

主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object

直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object

同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement

宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate

从属subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification

后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction

非限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person 第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person 时态tense 过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense

过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense

一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense

现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense

将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense

过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense

过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice

被动语态passive voice 语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood

祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation

否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation

转移否定shift of negation 语序order 自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech

间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis 重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 正式文体formal 非正式文体informal

口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English

美国英语American English 用法usage 感情色彩emotional coloring

褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic

初中英语语法大全——名词

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二、名词的数名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词（1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

英语语法大全

《英语语法大全》 1.名词名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词(Common Nouns）. 专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等，普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns）物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：

1.2其它名词复数的规则变化 1)以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较：层楼：storey---storeys story---stories 2)以o结尾的名词，变复数时： a.加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b.加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c.均可，如：zero---zeros/zeroes 3)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时： a.加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs； b.去f,fe加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； c.均可,如：handkerchief:

初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练答案(5)

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初中英语语法备考专题01 名词(专项练习)(解析版)

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初中英语语法名词篇

初中中考英语语法（名词篇）语法总述：名词篇：名词的种类：英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类： 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词，如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成，往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词，如the United States，the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。

labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：

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