听力教程4施心远unit1-3听力原文,生词和答案
听力课程4 unit 1-3 听力原文+生词+答案
Book 4 unit 1
Tactics for listening
1.A college education can be very costly in the United States.
2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for a college.
3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.
4.Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.
5.There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.
Listening comprehension
Dialogue
Social grouping
原文
F:Right ,you are talking about social groupings here. Could you tell us something about the ways animals form into groups?
M:Yes,many many animals are very solitary animals. The only times they get together is when they mate or when they are bringing up
their young. The majority of the animals are solitary. But a very significant group of mammals and insects ,like ants and termites,bees and wasps,are very social.And they group together because in a group it?s much safer. You can defend yourself more easily if you are in a group. You can find males more easily if you are in a group. And you can change the world around you by working with the others if you live in a group. Solitary animals have a much more difficult time in many ways.
F:You mention lions and other carnivores earlier on. Do they group very much?
M:Yes ,most cats in fact don?t group. Lions and to a lesser extent,cheetahs,are the only cats that group together. A group of lions is called a pride . And you might get anything up to 15 0r 20 lions in a pride . A pride of lions would have perhaps two or three males,perhaps a dozen females and then the cubs. But the real lion groups consists of females with their cubs. The males tend to stay for a few years and then they get kicked out by a group of younger males that come in and take over.
F:And how about the apes?
M:Well,now you are talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes ,some apes,live in very very big and complicated social groups. Not all,orangutans,for example ,big apes that live in
Indonesia and Malaysia ,they are very solitary and one adult may meet another adult only once every two or three years when a male and a female mate. And then the only relationship will be between a mother and her baby. The baby will stay with the mother for two or three years,four years ,five years even,learning from the mother,learning what sorts of food to eat,what the signs of danger are ,and then when the baby grows up,off it will go and live its own solitary life . The reasons why orangutans are solitary is because there is not very much food in the forest and if there was a big group of orangutans,all the food would just run out. But leaving in Asia and going to Africa,then you will find a very social apes. Now ,gorillas for example,gorillas live in uni-male groups,they used to be called harems. But the technical term is uni-male ,because there is one male within a group. One male ,and then around him will be anything up to 6,7,8,9 females,plus all the babies. And that one male in a group is the silver-back gorilla and he is much bigger and stronger than the others. He has got silvery fur on his back. And the others won?t challenge him and he will lead the group slowly through the forest,settling down every night and moving on the next day ,finding food. So that?s a uni-male group. But if you move a little bit further west into west Africa,you will start to come across chimpanzees,now they are a bit smaller than gorillas,they spend a
lot of time in the trees whereas gorillas are down on the ground. And chimpanzees are much more closely related to us than they are to gorillas. They are our closest living relatives. Now ,chimps live in multimale groups,in other words,you will get anything up to 6,7,8 males and then you will get two or three times that number of females,a dozen ,two dozens females,plus all the youngsters. So we are talking about groups that can be as big as 40 0r 50 or even 60. Now a chimpanzee group ,multimale group is a very flexible type of group.
It constantly splits into small groups,off they go for a few days,back they come,reform,break up again,and within that group,the males tend to hang around the outside,protecting the group,fighting off rival males that might want to come in and mate with the females. But they tend to come and go to some extent. The ongoing core of the chimpanzee group consists of females with their young and sometimes sisters will actually work together to bring up their young collectively. Yes ,so apes are very very social animals indeed.
生词
Earlier on 早先
Social grouping社会群体
Solitary独居的
Bring up抚养
Mate交配
Mammal哺乳动物
Insect昆虫
Cat猫科动物
Carnivore食肉动物，食虫植物Wasp黄蜂
Bee蜜蜂
Termite白蚁
Ant蚂蚁
Orangutan猩猩
Ape猿
Chimpanzee黑猩猩
Chimp黑猩猩（非洲）
Gorilla大猩猩
Cheetah猎豹
To a lesser extent在较小程度上Pride狮群
A pride of一群
Cub幼兽
Dozen十二个
Kick out解雇，开除，踢出Take over接管
Indonesia印度尼西亚
Malaysia马来西亚
uni-male=harem只有一个雄性的
Harem为一个雄性动物所控制的许多雌性动物Multimale多雄群的
Silvery银的
Silver-back银背
Fur皮毛
West Africa西非
Whereas 然而，反之
Closely（副词）紧密的
Close（形容词，副词）
Youngster年轻人
Split into分裂，分成
Hang around闲逛，徘徊
Flexible灵活的
Fight off击退
Rival竞争的
Collectively共同
Slippery滑的
snow-white雪白的
Silky柔滑的
答案
ACDC--BCBA
Passage
Community colleges
原文
Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century,including global economic competition. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country?s continued economic strength,a need that called for a dramatic increase in college attendance. Yet ,three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education,in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college. During the same period ,the country?s rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute,manual learning,vocational education ,division ,or citizenship school to the diploma program. The high school-based community college was the most successful type of addition. Meanwhile ,small private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher
education,grounded on the principles of small classes,close student-faculty relations and a program that included both academics and extracurricular activities. From the combination of these traditions, emerged earliest community colleges roughly balanced the number between private and public control,but united in their commitment to meet local needs. The typical early community college was small,rarely enrolling more than 150 students. It nevertheless offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women,attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers. In such states as Missouri ,which do not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor?s degree. It was common for more than 60% of community college students to be women,virtually ,all of them preparing to be teachers. Community colleges are centers of educational opportunity. More than 100 years ago,this unique American invention,put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities ,and initiated practice of welcoming all who desired to learn,regardless of wealth,heritage or previous academic experience. Today the community college continues the process of making higher education available to a maximum number of people at 1166 public and independent community colleges . The breadth
of programming and the variety of students? goals make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance. Unlike four-year colleges,where attainment of a bachelor?s degree is the implicit goal of students. Community college students do not share a common goal beyond self-improvement. Research shows that education pays . Students who complete associate degrees and certificates are more likely to move into a higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. And investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely to pay lifelong dividends,as student who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of 250,000 dollars more than people without degrees. But success at community colleges must be broadly defined to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates,but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.
生词
Primary school初等教育（小学=英国英语elementary school）Secondary school中学（=英国英语middle school）
Middle school中学（初中10-13，五年级到八年级。美：初中；英：从小学到中学之间的学校）
High school中学（高中14-18。美：中学；英：大学预科中学）Senior high school高中
Junior high school初中
Community college社区大学（美国两年制的大专教育，相当于中国大专，由政府经营公众资助。提供associate degree）
Junior college大专（美国两年制专科学校，由私人经营。提供associate degree）
K-8 美国8年的初等教育，一般在5/6岁开始，持续5到8年，在美国一般会在8年初等教育前先有一年的kindergarten
Higher education高等教育（指大学以上的教育）
Higher education高等学校
Associate degree美国大学修满两年课程的肄业证书,副学士学位（读完两年制小区大学或职业技术学校所得到的学位）
Bachelor degree 学士学位，大学本科学位证书(BA)
Master degree硕士学位，研究生
Doctor degree博士学位
Dual degree双学位（两个不同学院分别授予）
Major主修
Minor辅修
precede在……之前，领先
Initiate开始，发起
Quantify量化，定量，确定数量
Implicit含蓄的，暗示的
Pay dividends支付红利，股息
distinct明显的，独特的（distinctive有特色的，与众不同的）Extinct灭绝的
Instinct充满着的（instinctive本能的，直觉的，天生的）Breadth宽度，幅度
Solid固体的（liquid液体的），可靠的
Academics学术知识，学术水平，专业学者
Accessible to易接近的，可得到的，可进入的
Attributable to可归于……的，可归属的
Skilled 有技能的
Workforce劳动力
Call for需要
Be key to关键
Dramatic剧烈的，戏剧的
In part部分
Further增进
Manual手工的，体力的
Vocational职业的
Division部门
Addition增加物
Diploma文凭
Faculty教工
Extracurricular课外的
Emerge浮现，摆脱
Commitment to恪守承诺，投入
Nevertheless然而，不过，虽然如此
Missouri密苏里（美国州名）
Publicly公众地
Heritage遗产
Maximum最大的
Attainment获得
Implicit含蓄的，暗示的，盲从的
Lifelong终身的
Lifetime终身的
Average平均分配
Noncredit无学分的
Broadly宽广地，概括地
Grant授予
答案
B:1. Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition.
2.During the same period ,the country?s rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities.
3.It offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.
4.A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women,attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers.
5.The breadth of programming and the variety of students?goal make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance.
C:F--F--T--T--F--T--T--F
News
News item 1
原文
China has wasted no time in setting out the latest plans for its ambitious space program. A senior official said the next manned mission will be in 2007 when the astronauts will attempt a space walk . After that ,scientists will focus on developing the capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft. He added that China also wanted to recruit female astronauts in the near future. The announcement comes just hours after the country?s second manned space mission,touched down in the remote grassland of Inner Mongolia . The returning astronauts have been given a hero?s
welcome,riding in an open car in a nationally televised parade. Thousands of soldiers and groups of schoolchildren lined the route,waving Chinese flags. It?s a sign of the great importance China attaches to its space program ,viewing it as a source of national pride and international prestige.
生词
Rendezvous约会地点，集结地
Dock码头，船坞
Prestige威望，声誉
Grassland草地
Inner Mongolia内蒙古
Televise用电视播放
Manned载人的，有人驾驶的
Waste no time in
Attach great importance to
Open car 敞篷车
Recruit招聘
Set out开始，出发，陈列
Focus on
Parade游行
View ……as……
答案
A:This news item is about china?s latest plans for its ambitious space program.
B:in the remote grassland of Inner Mongolia a source of national pride and international prestige 2007 the astronauts will attempt a space walk the capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft to recruit female astronauts in the near future
News item 2
原文
Chinese economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other . This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now ,the customers have been restocking their inventories and confidence is returning. There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating . The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time ,officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances ,suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufactures need government support. Growth was strongest in
heavy industry such as coal,steel,power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February but the rise was small ,and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.
生词
Restock重新进货，重新储存
Property财产
Estate财产，房地产
Sector部门
Subsidy补贴，津贴
Output产量，输出
Inventory存活
Overheating过热
Power generation发电机设备
答案
A:This news item is about the growth of China?s economy.
B:question marks overheating extend tax subsidies vehicles and appliances power generation higher food prices crops transport
News item 3
原文
If you visit almost any marketplace in Africa,many of the consumer goods on sale from buckets to razor blades to hurricane lamps are likely to be Chinese .In a very large number of African capitals,the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese-aid money. Sino-African trade and aid is large and growing . Some estimates put it as high as 12 billion dollars a year. Although direct comparisons are difficult,the links between the world?s largest developing country ,China,and the world?s large developing continent could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa. The meeting in Addis Ababa has heard Chinese promises to cancel debts,grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.
生词
Addis Ababa亚的斯亚贝巴（埃塞俄比亚首都）
duty-free免税的
post-colonial后殖民
Sino-Africa中非
Estimate估计
comparison比较
Stadium露天体育场
Marketplace市场
Razor blade剃须刀
Hurricane lamp防风灯，马灯
Bucket水桶
Basket篮子
Grant duty-free access
答案
A:This news item is about China?s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.
B:1. In may capitals,the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese-aid money.
2.It has been estimated as high as 12 billion dollars.
3.It grows to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa.
4.To cancel debts , grant duty-free access into China for Africa products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.
Book 4 Unit 2
Tactics for listening
1.Some people feel that they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.
2.So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.
3.They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease.
4.Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health.
5.But they notice that some do help to prevent disease.
Listening comprehension
Dialogue
Psychology and psychiatry
原文
F:Perhaps we could begin by defining the difference between psychology and psychiatry,i know it is something which a lot of people get confused about.
M:Yes,people often do confuse psychology and psychiatry,and
equally,psychologists and psychiatrists. Firstly ,a psychologist will have a degree in psychology but will not have a medical training ;a psychiatrist is always a fully trained doctor who also has additional specialist training in the field of psychiatry. Psychiatry is the study essentially of mental illness.;psychology is really the study of behavior,including normal behavior and mental processes:the way we think,behave and feel.
F:So how exactly do you define mental illness? How do you know when a person is mentally ill?
M:It?s a difficult question actually to answer. Essentially ,mental illness causes a disturbance in the way that people think,feel and behave. Most people think of mental illness in terms of a “break down”. The term a “break down”is commonly used. Most often,people are thinking of someone who has become very depressed or anxious ,but a “break down “may also describe someone who has had a major mental illness where their thinking,feelings and behavior may become grossly disorganized. F:Right ,i have heard the “ICD”,the International Classification of Disorders. Is that something which is used in Britain in psychiatry? M:Yes ,it?s the International Classification of Diseases which is the main classification used in England to classify all diseases.;and all people admitted to hospitals in England will have a diagnosis given
听力教程答案施心远—完整版
听力教程答案施心远— HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】
U n i t1 1.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。 2.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。 3.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。 4.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。 5.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背负沉重的债务从大学毕业。 News Item 1 A: …about China’s ambitious space program. B: 1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia 2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige (威望) Future plan 1. 1) Time: 2007 2) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk. 2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft 3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future. News Item 2 There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property* sector* is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies* for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support. Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport. A: … about the growth of China’s economy. News Item 3 A: … about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa. B： 1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money. 2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars a year. 3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post- colonial links between Europe and Africa. 4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.
听力教程4施心远unit1-3听力原文,生词和答案
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施心远主编《听力教程》1-(第2版)Unit-12听力原文和答案
施心远主编《听力教程》1-(第2版)Unit-12听力原文和答案
Unit 12 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. [Sound of busy street] Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up? Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us? Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny. Carl: Yeah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go. Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study. Carl: Well, maybe next time. You're (7) missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you. Carl: Bye. Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking TAPESCRIPT Exercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it. The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all the boss’s letters,
施心远主编听力教程4(第2版)Unit3答案
A Liste ning Course 4 施心远主编《听力教程》4 （第2版）答案 Unit 2 Secti on One: Tactics for Liste ning Part 1: Listening and Translation 1. Girls score higher tha n boys in almost every coun try. 几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。 2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate. 男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。 3. Cultural and econo mic in flue nces play an importa nt part.. 文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。 4. But rece nt findings suggest that the an swer may lie in differe nces betwee n the male and female brai n. 但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。 5. These in clude differe nces in lear ning rates. 这些包括学习速度上的差异。 Secti on Two Liste ning Comprehe nsion Part 1 Dialogue
Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the miss ing in formati on. Seren adi ng Service was foun ded three years ago whe n the sin ger realize that British people were desperate for roma nee. He thought there would be a elientele for a hired serenader . The idea came from his studies of Renaissanee music , which is full of serenades. Over the eenturies, university students have turned the sere nade into an art form for hire ______ . Usually he is hired by men to si ng love songs to women Occasi on ally he is asked to sing to men The service is really a form of in timate alfresco theatre with love songs. Heusually wears a white tie a nd tails a nd sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers a nd whe nthere is no bale ony available he will si ng from trees or fire escapes ! The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is ￡ 450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Someoeople are so moved that they burst in to tears , but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations . They have to be very careful
听力教程第二册第二版听力原文与答案(施心远)Unit
Unit 1 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent 1. We haven’t got any in dark blue. 2. We can’t make it at nine tomorrow. 3. My telephone number is not 65031609. 4. I don’t like the black jumper. 5. He won’t come by the 7:30 train. (The word or digit in bold has the most stress)
Exercise:
1. a
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. b
Part2 Listening and Note-talking Driving Carefully
Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly in crowded shopping streets, when you see a bus stopped, or near a parked mobile shop. Watch out for pedestrians coming from behind parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might not be able to see them.
Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under fifteen or over sixty. The young and elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not expect them. Give them, and the infirm,
听力教程3施心远(精编文档).doc
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】 UNIT 1 Section One Part 1 Spot Dictation Houses in the Future Well, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up,
听力教程4-U12-施心远
Keys to Unit 12 Section I 1.急救是一种在专业医疗救护到达之前对意外伤害或事故的受害者所进行的医疗救 护。 2.知道如何在紧急情况下进行急救，可能就意味着一个人的生死。 3.一种称为心肺复苏的急救方法，简称CPR，可以挽救心脏病、溺水和休克病人的 生命。 4.在美国，CPR训练包括使用防护布或面罩覆盖嘴巴。 5.这有助于防止在做口对口复苏急救时传播疾病。 Section II Dialogue D A B C D C D D Passage 1.Life expectancy at birth in the United States in 1901 was 49 years while at the end of the century it increased to 77 years. 2.Psychologists found that people who entertained positive thoughts regarding themselves and their future health lived seven years longer than those with negative attitudes. 3.We tend to regard medical disorders as the cause of poor health or shortened lifespan, but, really, their significance is small when compared to the impact of the psychological factors on health. 4.Exercise, weight loss or non-smoking can increase the lifespan. Another avenue to rejuvenation is through creativity. 5.The US Census Bureau predicted that the USA would eventually have 5.3 million people aged over 100 in 2100. F T T T T T F T Ex.2 1 It increased from 49 in the year 1901 to 77 at the end of the century, an increase of 57%. 2 In human history, preventing early deaths is the main cause of the increase in life expectancy. 3 We get older because of three things: aging of arteries, dysfunction of the immune system, and accidents and environmental hazards. 4 He/she could potentially feel as young as a 44-year-old. 5 The mainstream view is that life expectancy in the US will be in the mid-80s by the year 2050 (up from 77 today) and will top out eventually in the low 90s. Section III Item 1: A.a serious snowstorm that hit New York City, US. 96 kilometers an hour/localized drifting/68.3 centimeters/blizzard/1869 1) The road network in many places is impassable. 2) Most of the airports in the region have been closed, with hundreds of flights cancelled. 3) Passengers on transatlantic flights
施心远主编《听力教程》1 (第2版)Unit 12听力原文和答案
Unit 12 Section One T actics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. [Sound of busy street] Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up? Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us? Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny. Carl: Y eah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go. Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study. Carl: Well, maybe next time. Y ou're (7) missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you. Carl: Bye. Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking TAPESCRIPT Exercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it. The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all the boss?s letters, I (3) answer the easy ones and I (4) leave the difficult ones on the (5)
听力教程第二版第二册unit3答案
Unit3 Section One Tactics for Listening Part2 Listening and Note-taking A Territory When we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space. Animals have their territories, which they mark out with their personal scent. The scent is their territorial signal. Human beings have other territorial signals. There are three kinds of human territory, marked by different territorial signals. First, there are the Tribal Territories, which in modem terms are known as countries. Countries have a number of territorial signals. The borders are often guarded by soldiers and they usually have customs barriers, flags, and signs. Other signals of the tribal territory are uniforms and national anthems. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country and, while he is there, he must behave like a visitor. Second, there is the Family Territory, at the center of which is the bedroom. This is usually as far away as possible from the front door. Between the bedroom and the front door are the spaces where visitors are allowed to enter. People behave differently when they're in someone else's house. As soon as they come up the driveway or walk through the front door -- the first signals of family territory -- they are in an area which does not belong to them. They do not feel at home, because it is full of other people's belongings -- from the flowers in the garden to the chairs, tables, carpets, ornaments, and other things in the house. In the same way, when a family goes to the beach or to the park for a picnic, they mark out a small territory with towels, baskets, and other belongings; other families respect this, and try not to sit down right beside them. Finally, there is the Personal Territory. In public places, people automatically mark out an area of personal space. If a man enters a waiting room and sits at one end of a row of chairs, it is possible to predict where the next man will sit. It won't be next to him or at the other end of the room, but halfway between. In a crowded space like a train, we can't have much personal territory, so we stand looking straight in front of us with blank faces. We don't look at or talk to anyone around us. Exercise A: 1. When we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space. 2. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country. 3. People behave differently when they're in someone else's house.