unit1 Language Testing

Unit 1 Language Testing

Text 1 Types of Test

?Teaching objective:

?1) Practice two important fast reading skills: skimming and scanning

?2) Know the classification of English tests and the division criteria.

Pre-reading tasks

?Warm-up questions:

?What kinds of test do you know in English-speaking countries?

?Step 1 Cultural Background

?Some common tests in English speaking countries

?TOEFL:

TOEFL（Test of English as a Foreign Language）

?The TOEFL test is the most widely accepted English-language test in the

world. No matter where you want to study, the TOEFL test can help get you there.

?TOEFL is accepted by more institutions than any other English-language test

in the world — including the top colleges and universities.

? A list of 7,000+ institutions in 130 countries ,including almost every university

in the U.S., UK, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, that rely on TOEFL scores for admissions, scholarship and graduation decisions.

?You can take the Internet-based Test (iBT) or the Paper-based Test (PBT),

depending on which format is offered at your test center.

?The TOEFL iBT measures how well you read, listen, speak and write in

English and use these skills together in the university classroom. For example, you might read a passage or listen to a lecture, and then write or speak about what you learned.

?IELTS:

IELTS：International English Language Testing System,中文译为‖雅思‖.它是由University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 、的IDP Education Australia及The British Council 三家共同参与组织设计，并由英国文化教育委员会（The British Council）负责在世界各地组织考试。

?IELTS is the world‘s proven English test. Ov er 1.4 million candidates take the

test each year to start their journeys into international education and employment.

IELTS is recognised by more than 6000 institutions across 120 countries.

设在中国的英国大使馆文化教育处专门设有考试部，负责IELTS考试工作。

此项考试是为非英语国家的人士赴英联邦国家高等教育机构就读和进修必须通过的语言测试。现在大多的英联邦国家对本国申请技术移民的人士也采用这项考试做为申请人英语能力达标的认证。

?GRE: Graduate Record Examinations

?The GRE tests are your gateway to graduate programs, business schools and

fellowships.

GRE General Test scores are used to evaluate your readiness for graduate level work.

?GRE由美国教育考试服务处(Educational Testing Service，简称ETS)主办，

1937年首次由美国哈佛，耶鲁，哥伦比亚，普林斯顿四所大学联合举办，初期由卡耐基基金会Carnegic Foundation承办，1948年交由新成立的教育测试中心ETS负责。之后每年在世界许多地方举行。中国国外考试协调处负责中国归口管理和承办GRE等国外考试。

GRE是美加大学各类研究生院(除管理类学院，法学院)要求申请者所必须具备的一个考试成绩，也是教授对申请者是否授予奖学金所依据的最重要的标准。

?The SAT Reasoning Test (formerly Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic

Assessment Test) is a standardized test for college admissions in the United States.

The SAT is owned, published, and developed by the College Board, a non-profit organization in the United States. It was formerly developed, published, and scored by the Educational Testing Service which still administers the exam. The College Board claims the test can assess a student's readiness for college. The test was first introduced in 1901, and its name and scoring have changed several times.

?The current SAT Reasoning Test, introduced in 2005, takes three hours and

forty-five minutes. Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from three 800-point sections (math, critical reading, and writing).

?https://www.360docs.net/doc/1117967520.html,/practice/sat-practice-questions

现阶段进行的SAT考试的形式是从2005年3月开始的。SAT考试总时长3小时45分钟。报名费用为：美国本土49美元，国际报名75美元（如果超过报名最后期限补报则需要加钱）。在SAT中，总分介于600到2400分之间，由批判性阅读（Critical Reading）、数学（Mathematics）和写作（Writing）三部分各800分加和而得。

?SAT考试总时长3小时45分钟（225分钟），共有批判性阅读（Critical

Reading）、数学（Mathematics）和写作（Writing）三个科目。每一次的SAT考试分为10个区（Section），每次考试时，各个区的科目顺序都会改变。

Step 2

?Students will be given another 3 minutes to skim and scan the text and answer

the following questions:

?How the tests are classified by the author of the text?

?What is the function of a placement test?

?What will a tester usually do after a placement test?

?What information about testees can be obtained through a placement

test?

?What is the function of a diagnostic test?

?What information does a diagnostic test disclose?

?What teachers and students should do after they get the result of a

diagnostic test?

?What is the major difference between a diagnostic test and an

achievement test?

?Can you give an example of an achievement test?

?What is the function of a proficiency test?

?Why the division of tests into separate categories is rather arbitrary?

What are the four types of test?

?Four types of test mentioned in the text

? 1. 分班测试placement test (安置测试）

? 2. 诊断测试diagnostic test

? 3. 成绩测试achievement test,也叫学业测试

? 4. 水平测试proficiency test

?What are they? Define the terms in your own words. 5. 潜能测试aptitude

test （能力倾向）

Step 3 Difficult and important points

?sort…into: separate things of one type from things of other type.

?be concerned with: be interested in

?present standing: present state of learning or present level of competence

?overall picture of something: a general and comprehensive picture of

something

?disclose/ reveal

?diagnostic/ diagnosis: to give somebody a diagnosis

?These tests can take the form of an extension of the lesson from a practice

phrase into assessment phrase: These tests are usually administered teachers finish teaching a lesson and together with the practice phase they are actually the assessment phase of a lesson.

?remedial work: the work devised and done by teachers to help the students

improve their command or mastery of particular points that have been taught in a lesson.

?give a considerable lift to the students‘ moral: give students great

encouragement. The word moral is perhaps a misprinting of the word morale.

?the point at issue/ the point in question: at issue or in question are phrases

which are used as qualifier, meaning ―being dealt with‖.

?The standard …and is external to the individual class or textbook: The

standard will not be established basing on the condition of individual class or on individual textbook. In other words students are just measured against the existing

standard instead of their individual class or textbook.

?be proficient in something or doing something: be skillful in or in doing

something

?… because this type of test is concerned with the student‘s current standing in

relation to his future needs: because this type of test aims to measure whether the student‘s language competence and performance is good enough so that he will be competent in his future job or academic career.

?what is written on the blackboard or projected: the material the teacher write

on the blackboard or projected on the screen using an overhead projector while teaching.

?arbitrary: based on chance or personal opinion rather than facts or reasoning.

Step 4 Topics for Discussion and Reflection

1. What kinds of language tests have you taken?

2. What is the relation between language testing and language learning?

?TEM 4

?CET

Exercise

?What is an idiom?

?What is the feature of idioms?

?1) Structural stability

?2) Semantic unity

?1) Semantic Unity

?Meaning of idiom cannot be deduced from its individual constituent. The

various words which make up the idiom have lost their individual identity. Their meanings are not recognizable in the meaning of the whole idiom.

?2) Structural Stability

?The structure of an idiom is frozen to such an extent that it allows for no

change

?First, the constituent of idiom cannot be replaced. Secondly, the word order

cannot be inverted or changed. Thirdly, the constituents of idiom cannot be deleted or added to, not even an article. Finally, many idioms are grammatically unanalysable. ?Differentiate the idioms related to HARD WORK

? 1 burn the midnight oil:

? 2 hit the books:

? 3 do back-breaking work

? 4 work like a dog:

? 5 fall down on the job:

? 6 work one‘s fingers to the bone:

?7 toil:

?8 slave away:

?9 workaholic:

?Burning the midnight oil

?Meaning

?To work late into the night. Originally this was by the light of an oil lamp or

candle. More recently, the phrase is used figuratively

?Clearly, we no longer have much call for that word and it has fallen out of use.

?Hit the Books: to prepare for classes by reading and doing all your assigned

homework

?Study with concentrated effort, as in At exam time we all hit the books.

[Slang; first half of 1900s]

Do back-breaking work

?Also, break one's neck. Make a great effort, work very hard.

?For example, ―I've been breaking my back over this problem for the past

week‖,

?or Don't break your neck to get there; we'll wait for you.

?Both versions of this expression, polite equivalents of break one's ass, transfer

the literal fracture of one's back or neck to figurative exertion.

Work like a dog

?Also, work like a beaver or horse or Trojan. Work very energetically and hard,

as in ―She worked like a beaver to clean out all the closets‖, or ―I've been working like a dog weeding the garden‖, or ―He's very strong and works like a horse‖. The first of these similes is the oldest, first recorded in 1741; the variants date from the second half of the 1800s.

Fall down on the job

?to fail to do something that you should do.

?―The armed forces will take over if the local authorities fall down on the job.‖

Work one‘s fingers to the bone

?Also, work one's tail or butt off. Exert oneself, labor very hard,

?―She's working her fingers to the bone to support her children‖

?―I work my tail off and then the government takes half my income in taxes.

The first hyperbole, with its image of working the skin and flesh off one's fingers, dates from the mid-1800s; the less polite variants date from the first half of the 1900s.

toil

?verb

?To exert one's mental or physical powers, usually under difficulty and to the

point of exhaustion

?To work hard, to labor with slow progress.

I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.—Winston Churchill

(1874-1965)

?Analogy: Definition:

Graceful: Clumsy:: late: ________

Ask yourself: What is the relationship between graceful and clumsy. They are antonyms

1 work: labor _______

2 Blue: sky

_____3 Arm: Body ______ 4 Milk: Beverage ________

Puppy:Dog :: Kitten:_______

?Chicago: Illinois::: Denever:Colorado

?Pound: kilogram :: quart: liter

?March: spring:: December: winter

?Blue: sky:: green grass

?Milk: beverage:: cupboard: furniture

Unit Two Exploration

Teaching objectives:

By the end of this unit the students will be able or motivated to:

1.memorize the glossary of exploration and related field;

2.understand the reason that the writer has written this letter;

3.identify the historic figures and events in space and land exploration;

4.analyze the reading technique and significant clues of an argumentation;

5.read more passages from works of the concerned topic like Around the World in

80 Days.

Teaching stress and teaching difficulty

1.Word Pretest: working out the meaning of certain word(s) within a sentence by

referring to the contextual meaning

2. Glossary

3. Text Study:

Text I: A Letter to Beagle

Text II: A History of South Pole Exploration

4. Reading Skill: Clues, Implications, and Coherence

5. Other Exercises

6. Seminar of further readings of the kind

Teaching method and design

Within the study period the students will:

1. Preview Text I and work out the topic and main idea in his own words;

2. Answer questions about Text I from the teacher by using the glossary actively;

3. Respond to the lecture on the reading technique and content of Text I actively and

ask related questions;

4. Read Text II outside class and email questions to the teacher;

5. Finish all the exercises in time and on his own;

6. Write a reading report about a passage from the book recommended by the

teacher.

Teaching access:

The work of the students will be evaluated by the standards like:

1.Fluency of stating the topic, main idea, and pattern of details;

2.Quantity of the glossary used in the statement and correctness of expression;

3.Number of questions put forth to the teacher about Text I and positive feedback;

4.Quality of Text II reading assignment;

5.Punctuality and authenticity in finishing the exercises;

6.Devotion in finishing extra-curricular reading of the recommended books and

corresponding writing assignments.

Presentation:

I Lead-in

The Space Race was a mid-to-late 20th century competition between the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US) for supremacy in space exploration.

Between 1957 and 1975, Cold War rivalry between the two nations focused on attaining firsts in space exploration, which were seen as necessary for national security and symbolic of technological and ideological superiority. The Space Race involved pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, sub-orbital and orbital human spaceflight around the Earth, and piloted voyages to the Moon. It effectively began with the Soviet launch of the Sputnik 1 artificial satellite on 4 October 1957, and concluded with the co-operative Apollo-Soyuz Test Project human spaceflight mission in July 1975. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project came to symbolize détente, a partial easing of strained relations between the USSR and the US.

The Space Race had its origins in the missile-based arms race that occurred just after the end of the World War II, when both the Soviet Union and the United States captured advanced German rocket technology personnel.

II Text I

Topic: A letter to Beagle

Q: Who is Beagle?

Main idea: The letter is written to congratulate Beagle on its achievement and explain the reasons why it is there.

Q: What does it achieve?

Q: What are the reasons?

Here comes in the Reading Technique--clues, implications and coherence. Why‘s that important here? See the numerous ―But‖s throughout the passage and ask yourself what they function there. Why can they stand out?

Also matter the ―when‖s from passage 6 to 10 and a conclusive ultimate ―all these‖in passage 10. what is the organizational pattern here? Think of those we learned before.

Another clear-cut pattern of the passage is the time sequence. Find them out.

Past: making fire—Neil Armstrong(passage 6-10)

Present: Right now you‘re traveling…(passage 14-)

Future: That‘s why we sent you so far from home(Line 84-)

Q: The writer seems to be puzzled about some big issue. How can you tell?

Clues: But we just don‘t know./ Yet we still have no proof to the future./ But that might all be about to change.

Conclusion: pessimism or optimism?

Clues: the origin of ―Beagle‖/We know you won‘t let us down.

III Text II and exercises

IV Further Reading:

1.The War of the Worlds (1898), a science fiction novel by Herbert George Wells;

2.Around the World in Eighty Days is a classic adventure novel by the French writer

Jules Verne, first published in 1873.

Unit 3 Refugee

1 The definition of refugees and difference between immigrants

One who flees across _________ in search of ______ in times of______, political ________ , or religious _________.

2 Skim over the material and determine how the material is developed?

?Read the first paragraph and discriminate the following points:

1 What is UNHCR ?

2 What is another word for refugee?

3 What is the effort taken by UNHCR to address this issue?

?Read the second paragraph

I What are the refugee related problems mentioned?

1 security concern

2 environmental degradation

3 ethnic imbalance

4 the problem of repatriation

and integration

?According the second paragraph what are the solutions to the refugee

problem?

1 voluntary repatriation

2 local integration

3 resettlement in the third state

?Key points of the second paragraph:

1 The humanitarian crisis, provoked by the flight continued to fester. (1st line)

A humanitarian crisis (or "humanitarian disaster") is an event or series of events which represents a critical threat to the health, safety, security or wellbeing of a community or other large group of people, usually over a wide area. Armed conflicts, epidemics, famine, natural disasters and other major emergencies may all involve or lead to a humanitarian crisis.

1 provoke:

be the sudden cause of, (synonyms: trigger, spark)

2 fester:

to worsen, deteriorate

一段时期来由于日方挑起的争端,中日关系在不断恶化.

Over a certain period, Sino-Japan relationship is festering due to the disputes provoked by Japan.

2 strain the generosity ( 4th line)

strain: make sth go beyond the acceptable limit

我的耐心已经到了极限．

３UNHCR assisted their integration by means of small-scale projects intended to bridge the gap between the emergency relief and long-term development relief: 扶贫工作国际减灾大会

３usher in prospects for an end to five years of fighting ( 2nd line from bottom) usher in: 梅花报春

Other key words in the text

1 accommodate the territorial adjustments( 4th line, 3rd paragraph)

教育应当起到使受教育者适应社会的作用．Education should fulfill the role of accommodating the educated to society.

2 A major impediment to return and rehabilitation was the presence of indiscriminately sown land mines

impediment:rehabilitation:

对当前全球经济复苏的主要障碍是油价的飞涨．

３the repatriation ebbed and flowed along with development

在美国总统的受欢迎度会随着其应对国内外问题的能力而起伏．

?The make –up of refugees

? 1 refugees

displaced-person across border

? 2 internally-displaced persons:

those who have a refuge status but don‘t cross an international border

? 3 asylum-seekers

asking protection from the government of host country

图表作文必备词汇

?开头段转述题目常用句型

?The line graph describes / illustrates /demonstrates / summarizes / outlines /

shows / indicates …

?表示上升的动词

?go up(went up) / rise (rose) / grow (grew) / increase (increased) /

ascend(ascended) jump(jumped) / surge(surged) / shoot up(shot up) / soar (soared) surge

?表示下降的动词

?decline / fall / drop / sink / dip / decrease / descend/ plunge

?表示速度快的形容词

?sharp / dramatic / drastic /rapid /steep

?表示幅度大的形容词

?marked / substantial / significant

?表示缓慢，逐渐的形容词

?gradual / steady / gentle /slow

?表示小幅度的形容词

?modest / moderate /slight

?表示波动的动词

?fluctuate ，不及物动词，名词fluctuation

?表示稳定在一个水平上的动词

?level off at / level out at / hover at / stabilize at / reached a plateau at

?表示到达最高点的动词

?peak at / reach the highest point at

?表示到达最低点的动词

?reach the bottom at / the lowest point at / bottom out at

?表示经历了某种变化的及物动词

?experience / witness / see

?表示数据由某几部分组成的及物动词或者词组

? A is composed of / comprise / is made up of / consists of B,C and D,

?表示对未来数字的预测的及物动词

?expect / project / predict / forecast

? e.g. The number of hamburgers sold is expected / projected to reach 100,000

in 2008

?表示“分别”的副词

?respectively

?In the 2004 Olympics, China and Chile won X and Y gold medals respectively.

?表示“大约”的副词或者词组

?about , around , approximately , roughly , just over , just under

?1整个过程可以分为五步。

?1The whole procedure can be divided into five steps.

?2从柱状图中我们可以推导出书信不像E-mail这样流行。

? 2 It can be concluded from the bar chart that letters are not as popular as

E-mails.

?3该表格提供了有关美国离婚率的数据。

? 3 The table provides some data concerning the divorce rate in America.

? 4 坐飞机的人数上升了30%。

?The number of people taking airplanes increased by 30%.

?男性的犯罪率比女性高许多。

?The rate of male crime is much higher than that of female.

?与发展中国家相比，发达国家消耗更多能源。

?Compared with developing countries, developed countries consume more

energy.

?该表格提供了有关澳大利亚大学生入学率的数据。

?The table provides the data regarding the enrollment rate of Australian

university students.

?从1985年到2005年，该数字呈逐渐下降趋势。

?The figure showed a gradual decrease from 1985 to 2005.

?值得关注的是，2005年澳大利亚生活在贫困中的各类家庭比例高达9%。

?What is noticeable is that in 2005, the percentage of all households living in

poverty was as high as 9%.

?从1985到1995年十年里，日本出国旅游的人数增长了3倍。

?From 1985 to 1995, the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad was

tripled.

?在3个部门中，A的销售额最高，其次是B和C。

? A has the highest sales figure in the three departments, followed by B and C. ?上升两个星期后，8月份开始平稳。

?The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in August.

?从2000年的40%降到2004年的20%，然后形势逆转，2005年达到了68%。

?It fell from 40% in 2000 to 20% in 2004, and then the trend reversed, finishing

at 68% in 2005。

?此数字是去年的5倍。

?The number is 5 times as much as that of last year.

?最大的区别是在对教师职业的选择：45%的女生愿意在毕业后从事教师职

业，而只有5%的男生愿意从事这一职业。

?The most striking contrast is in the occupation of teaching: 45% of girl

students would like to become teachers after graduation whereas only 5% of boys want to do this job.

?男生最喜欢的职业是管理人员(40%)，其次是生意人(30%)。

?What boys like to do most is to become managers (40%) and the second

largest group is to be businessmen (30%).

?尽管伦敦的地铁线最长，但是东京地铁的载客量却是最大的。

?Though the longest route is London, the most carrying capacity is Tokyo‘s

subway system

?需要注意的第一点就是犯罪率的急剧增长。

?The first point to note is the huge increase in the number of crime rate.

?该图展示了几个趋势。

?The chart reflects several trends.

?该柱状图展示了能源价格的数据。

?This bar chart displays the numbers of fuel‘s prices.

?如曲线图所示，最近5年来世界人口飞速增长。

?As is shown in the curve graph, there has been a rapid increase in the

population all over the world in the past five years.

?这个工厂生产的彩电已由2004年的50000台增加到2007年的210000台。

?The number of color TV sets produced by the factory increased from50,000

in2004 to210,000 in2007.

?表示到达多少数量的及物动词或词组

?reach / arrive at / amount to / hit / register / stand at

?表示占…(后面跟百分数或者数字)的及物动词或者词组

?account for / represent / constitute / make up

? 1 在2008年，中国油价飙升，4.95元每升上涨到6.20元，比去年同期高

出40%。

?2008 witnessed China‘s fuel price soaring from 4.95 RMB yuan per liter to

6.20 RMB yuan per liter, 40% higher than the same period of the previous

year.

? 2 最近几年大学在急剧扩招，今年总数达到

?创纪录的70万。

?Over these years, college enrollment has been expanded steeply, amounting to

record-high 700 thousand.

? 3 今年一季度外贸进出口总值６１７８．５亿美元, 使中国成为世界最大

出口国。

?In the first quarter of 2010, the total volume of foreign trade totals $ 617.85

b illion, making China the world‘s leading exporter.

4 金砖四国将引领世界经济增长，其年增长率平均在4.8%。

The world‘s economic growth will be led by BRIC with its annual growth rate averaging 4.8%.

5 中国在钢铁生产和消费位居世界前五位，而美国在这两项都位居第一。

?China ranks (counts) among the top five steel manufacturers and consumers.

The US holds first place in both categories.

? 5 到今年年底，中国的综合国力预计将超过日本，仅次于美国。

?By the end of this year, China‘s comprehensive national strength will follow

the US, pushing Japan into third position.

?6中国将超过英国成为世界第四大高科技出口国，占市场份额的13%，而

美国为41%.

?China will overtake Britain as the fourth largest hi-tech exporter, holding 13%

market share against 41% by the US.

?今年一季度外贸进出口总值６１７８．５亿美元, 使中国成为世界最大出

口国。

?In the first quarter of 2010, the total volume of foreign trade totals $ 617.85

billion, maki ng China the world‘s leading exporter.

?Translate the following sentences into English:

1 世界难民问题一直很严峻，由于许多地区的宗教和种族冲突，在２０世纪９０年代难民数量巨增，总数达到３千万．

The world refugee problem remain acute. As a result of ethnic and religious conflicts that have surfaced in a number of regions, the number of refugees soared in the 1990s, totaling 30 million.

?虽然难民问题在本质上只是人道主义问题，它影响着有关地区的和平与稳

定，从而最终影响整个世界．

?While the refugee problem is essentially a humanitarian concern, it also affects

the peace and stability of the region concerned, eventually, the world as a whole.

?可行的解决办法有：志愿遣送，当地融合和第三国重新安置．

?Among the feasible solutions are: voluntary repatriation, local integration and

resettlement in the third state.

与难民有关的问题应严格按照国际法和人道主义原则来解决．此外迫切需要更加有效的机制来监督有关国家对难民的职责．救助工作可以交给一些有能力的机构，如：世界粮食暑，联合国难民暑,国际红十字会及非政府组织．

?The refuge related problems should be tackled in rigid accordance with

international laws and humanitarian principles. A more effective mechanism to oversee or supervise state obligations towards refugees is sorely needed.

?Relief and assistance would be entrusted to competent agencies such as WFP,

WHO, International Committee of Red Cross and other NGOs.

Idioms

?down-to-earth adj.

?Realistic; sensible.

?Not pretentious or affected; straightforward.

?Not overly ornate; simple in style.

It's time the university graduates were brought down to earth concerning the career choice.

?Show off 炫耀, 爱卖弄的人, 卖弄, 自大的人

?Display in a conspicuous way; also, seek attention by displaying one's

accomplishments, abilities, or possessions. For example, I'm wearing shorts to show off my Florida tan, or Karen loved showing off her new baby to her friends, or There's no need to show off, Fred; we all know you're a good dancer. [Early 1800s]

?Put on airs

?Assume a haughty manner, pretend to be better than one is, as in I'm sick of

Claire and the way she puts on airs. Airs here means "a manner of superiority." [c. 1700]

?Blow one‘s own horn

?Also, blow one's trumpet. Brag about oneself, as in Within two minutes of

meeting someone new, Bill was blowing his own horn. [Late 1500s] General Vocabulary Exercise

? 1 weep哭泣, 哀悼, 流淚

?To express grief or anguish for; lament: wept the death of the child.

?Sob嗚咽, 發嗚咽聲, 啜泣

?Chuckle- To laugh quietly 吃吃的笑, 咯咯叫

put out

?Extinguish, as in We put out the fire before we turned in.

Section C

Home Is Where the Hurt Is

Refugee —Tribal Ink

In fear of drowning

As my heart keeps pounding Striking ones step To hold on to what's left Hold on, to the strings of reality Bouncing on my heel of prosperity Leave from my cell with a gleam in my eye Watching it all wash by, watching it die Its so hard to see it all fall through But it's too late nothing left to do Refugee, I'm an enemy of your belief Don't hate me, because i disagree Release me from a world unkind A world where the blind is leading the blind It's so unfair that i can't feel free That i have to be what you want me to be Shadows of the past keep stabbing my back Reminding me of when i slipped out of track Their wasting their time another morning dawning And time when the restless keeps on joining Refugee, I'm an enemy of your belief Don't hate me, because i disagree Refugee, I'm an enemy of your belief Don't hate me, because i disagree Refugee, I'm an enemy of your belief Don't hate me, because i disagree Refugee, I'm an enemy of your belief Don't hate me, because i disagree

在恐惧中溺水正如我的心不断冲击罢工的步骤守住还剩下些什么等一下，以现实的字符串我的弹跳繁荣脚跟从我离开了我的眼睛闪耀细胞看着这一切洗，看着它死其所以很难看出这一切告吹但为时已晚没有什么可以做难民，我是你的信仰的敌人不要恨我，因为我不同意释放我的世界刻薄在这个世界里的盲导盲这是极为不公平，我不能随意我必须是你要我在过去的阴影刺伤我的背部保持提醒我，当我出下滑轨道他们浪费时间的早晨曙光和不安的时候，不断加入难民，我是你的信仰的敌人不要恨我，因为我不同意难民，我是你的信仰的敌人不要恨我，因为我不同意难民，我是你的信仰的敌人不要恨我，因为我不同意难民，我是你的信仰的敌人不要恨我，因为我不同意

吉尔吉斯难民返家

UNHCR档案

?全名：United Nations High

Commissioner for Refugees

?生日：December 14, 1950

?总部：Geneva（日内瓦），Switzerland（瑞士）

?成就：Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

in 1954 and 1981

?工作范围：It protects and supports refugees at the request of a government or the United Nations and assists in their return or resettlement（重新定居）.

?服务对象：All refugees in the world are under the UNHCR mandate（指令）except Palestinian Arabs（巴勒斯坦阿拉伯人）.

A refugee is a person who has been forced to leave his or her home and seek refuge （避难处）elsewhere. Under the United Nations Convention（协议）Relating to the Status（情形）of Refugees of 1951, a refugee is more narrowly defined as a person who ―owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted（迫害）for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail（帮助）himself of the protection of that country‖. The concept of a refugee was expanded by the Convention?s 1967 Protocol（协议）and by regional conventions in Africa and Latin America to include persons who had fled（避开）war or other violence in their home country. Refugee women and children represent an additional subsection（小部份）of refugees that need special attention.

Refugees were defined as a legal group in response to the large numbers of people fleeing Eastern Europe following World War II. The lead international agency coordinating（协调）refugee protection is the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner（委员会）for Refugees (UNHCR), which counted 8,400,000 refugees worldwide at the beginning of 2006. This was the lowest number since 1980.The major exception is the 4,600,000 Palestinian refugees under the authority of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine（巴勒斯坦）Refugees in the Near East(UNRWA), who are the only group to be granted refugee status to the descendants of refugees according to the above definition.

The ―durable（持久的）solutions‖ to refugee populations, as defined by UNHCR and governments, are: voluntary（自愿的）repatriation（遣返）to the country of origin; local integration（整体）into the country of asylum（庇护）; and resettlement to a third country.

Many celebrities are associated with the agency as UNHCR Goodwill Ambassadors （亲善大使）, currently including Angelina Jolie, Giorgio Armani and others. The individual who has raised the most money in benefit performances and volunteer work on behalf of UNHCR was Luciano Pavarotti.

Boat people The term（术语）―boat people‖ came into common use in the 1970s with the mass exodus（大批离去）of Vietnamese（越南的）refugees following the Vietnam War（越南战争）. when they drove in by boat they are totally called the national people that?s how the term ―boat people came into sess ion（集会）.