高中英语 Unit 3 Life in the future 语法课时教案 新人教版必修5

高中英语Unit 3 Life in the future 语法课时教案新人教版必修5

present participle.

Knowledge Ai m

To learn about the the past participle

Ability Aim

To use the past participle as the object complement freely and properly in speaking and writing.

Emotional Aims

Encourage the st udents learn more about the grammar.

Help the students to form the good habit in learning.

Encourage the students to do more exercises to consolidate their knowledge.

At the beginning of this period, the teacher should give the

一、过去分词作定语

1．单个的过去分词或由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的名词前面，代词后面。

frozen food 冷冻食品

fallen leaves 落叶

well educated man 有教养的人

anyone caught 任何被捕的人

2．过去分词短语作定语时要放在名词后面。

The fish caught yesterday is/are still alive.

昨天捉来的鱼还活着。

The trees planted by the foreign visitors are growing well.

外国游客种的那些树长势良好。

3. 有些不及物动词必须和副词搭配才能作定语。

well behaved children行为端庄的孩子

newly come visitors 新来的观光客

4．表示情感的动词的过去分词。

由表示情感或心理状态的动词转化而来的过去分词作定语时，此类过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的有：interested，frightened，scared，touched，puzzled，disappointed，moved等。某些过去分词已变作形容词，失去了动词的性质，所以可以被副词very，too等所修饰，并可有比较等级，如：advanced，blessed，contented，learned，pleased，tired 等。

The United Sates is the most advanced country in the world.

5．过去分词和现在分词作定语的区别。

(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语表被动，也可表完成，其现在分词表示主动或进行。boiled water 开水(被煮过的水)

boiling water 沸水(正在沸腾的水)

polluted water 污水(被污染的水)

freezing wind 刺骨寒风

spoken English 英语口语

a speaking bird 会说话的鸟

(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语只有完成之意，其现在分词表进行或将来。

fallen leaves 落叶(已经落下来的树叶)

a falling tide落潮(正在退落的潮水)

a retired teacher 退休教师

a retiring teacher即将退休的教师

an expired lease 过期的租约

an expiring lease 即将到期的租约

6．过去分词、现在分词和不定式作定语的区别。

过去分词作定语有“被动”，“完成”的含义，现在分词作定语表“主动或进行”，不定式作定语表示将来。

The piano used at the concert is made in France.

音乐会上用的那架钢琴是法国制造的。

The girl playing the piano at the concert is Mary.

在音乐会上弹钢琴的那个女孩是玛丽。

The girl to play the piano at the concert is Mary.

将要在音乐会上弹钢琴的那个女孩是玛丽。

The problem to be discussed at the meeting next week is of great importance. 下个星期要在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。

二、过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语时，表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等。

1．时间状语

Seen from the hill，the to wn looks beautiful.

从山上看时，这座城镇非常美丽。

When completed，the canal will connect the river and the lake.

到完工的时候，这条运河将把这条江和湖连接起来。

2．条件状语

Taken on time，the medicine can cure your heart disease.

如果按时服用，这种药可以治好你的心脏病。

3．原因状语

He soon fell asleep，exhausted by the journey.

由于旅途劳累，他很快就睡着了。

Greatly surprised，he co uldn't say a word.

由于非常吃惊，他一句话也说不出来。

4．方式状语

Followed by his assistants，the professor entered the lecture hall.

教授步入演讲厅，他的助手们跟在后面。

5．让步状语

Though defeated by the young player for the second time，he didn't lose heart. 虽然第二次被这个年轻选手打败，他并没有失去信心。

6．过去分词作状语时前面可带有下列连词：

when/while/as/though/although/unless/if/once等。

If heated，water can be turned into vapour.

如果加热，水可以变成蒸汽。

Unless invited，I won't attend his wedding.

除非他邀请我，否则我是不会参加他的婚礼的。

课堂练习

一、翻译下列句子，注意过去分词的用法。

1．下定决心要戒烟，John把剩余的香烟都扔到垃圾箱里了。

2．在接受警员问话的时候，那个被绑在椅子上的年轻人坚持说自己是无罪的。

3．一直在沉思，那个被安排坐在第一行的学生没有听到教授的话。

1．Determined to quit smoking，John threw all the remaining cigarettes i nto the garbage can.

2．When questioned by the police officer，the young man tied to the chair insisted that he was innocent.

3．Lost in thought，the student seated in the first row didn't hear a word the professor said.

4．一旦被建好，这座15层的楼就会挡住射入我房间的阳光。

5．在第一次介绍给客人的时候，这种先进的产品就立即受到欢迎。

6．他们当中有一些人，生长在那个小村子，从未见过火车。

4．Once completed，this 15storeyed building will block the sunlight coming into my room.

5．When first introduced to customers，this advanced product was wellreceived at once.

6．Some of them，born and brought up in that small village，had never seen a train. (实验班和重点班全做，平行班做英翻译中)

二、语法填空

Andr ew Carnegie, (1)________(know) as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability (2)________(sell) the product and in part from his policy of (3)________(expand) during periods of economic decl ine, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.

Carnegie believed that people should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He was against charity, (4)________(prefer) instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others(5)________(help) themselves. “He who dies rich, dies (6)________(disgrace)，” he often said.

Among his most significant contributions to society are those that bear his name, (7)________(include) the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also(8)________(found) a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie－Mellon University. Other gifts are the Car negie Endowment(捐赠基金) for International Peace to promote(9)________(understand) between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.

Few Americans have been left(10)________(touch) by Andrew Carnegie's generosity(慷慨)．His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the heart of the publ ic library system that we all enjoy today.（重点班和实验班）

1．known 2.to sell 3.expanding 4.preferring 5.to help 6.disgraced7.including 8.founded 9.understanding 10.untouched