法律英语词汇大全(

法律渊源source of law

制定法statute

判例法case law; precedent

普通法common law 特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law

继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law

程序法procedural law

原则法fundamental law

例外法exception law

司法解释judicial interpretation

习惯法customary law 公序良俗public

order and moral

自然法natural law

罗马法Roman Law

私法private law

公法public law

市民法jus civile

万民法jus gentium

民法法系civil law

system

英美法系system of

Anglo-American law

大陆法系civil law

system

普通法common law

大陆法continental

law

罗马法系Roman

law system

衡平法equity; law

of equity

日尔曼法Germantic

law

教会法ecclesiastical

law

寺院法canon law

伊斯兰法Islamic

law

民法法律规范norm

of civil law

授权规范

authorization norm

禁止规范forbidding

norm

义务性规范

obligatory norm

命令性规范

commanding norm

民法基本原则

fundamental

principles of civil law

平等原则principle

of equality

自愿原则principle of free will

公平原则principle of justice

等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange

诚实信用原则principle of good faith

行为act

作为ac

不作为omission

合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act

民事权利能力civil right

绝对权absolute right

相对权relative right 优先权right of priority

先买权preemption

原权antecedent

right

救济权right of relief

支配权right of

dominion

请求权right of

claim

物上请求权right of

claim for real thing

形成权right of

formation

撤销权right of

claiming cancellation

否认权right of

claiming cancellation

解除权right of

renouncement

代位权subrogated

right

选择权right of

choice

承认权right of

admission

终止权right of

termination

抗辩权right of

defense

一时性抗辩权

momentary right of

defense

永久性抗辩权

permanent

counter-argument

right

不安抗辩权unstable

counter-argument

right

同时履行抗辩权

defense right of

simultaneous

performance

既得权tested right

期待权expectant right

专属权exclusive right

非专属权non-exclusive right 人身权利personal right

人权human right

人格权right of personality

生命健康权right of life and health

姓名权right of name

名称权right of name

肖像权right of portraiture

自由权right of freedom

名誉权right reputation

隐私权right of

privacy

私生活秘密权right

of privacy

贞操权virginity

right

身份权right of

status

亲权parental power;

parental right

亲属权right of

relative

探视权visitation

right

配偶权right of

spouse

荣誉权right of

honor

权利的保护

protection of right

公力救济public

protection

私力救济

self-protection

权利本位standard

of right

社会本位standard

of society

无责任行为

irresponsible right

正当防卫justifiable

right; ligitimate

defence

防卫行为act of

defence

自为行为

self-conducting act

紧急避险act of

rescue; necessity

自助行为act of

self-help

不可抗力force

majeure

意外事件accident 行为能力capacity for act

意思能力capacity of will

民事行为civil act

意思表示declaration of intention

意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus

完全行为能力perfect capacity for act

限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act

准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person

保佐protection 自治产人minor who

is capable of

administering his

own capacity

无行为能力

incapacity for act

禁治产人interdicted

person

自然人natural

person

公民citizen

住所domicile

居所residence

经常居住地

frequently dwelling

place

户籍census register

监护guardianship

个体工商户

individual business

农村承包经营户

leaseholding rural

household

合伙partnership

合伙人partner

合伙协议

partnership

agreement

合伙财产property

of partnership

合伙债务debt of

partnership

入伙join partnership

退伙withdrawal

from partnership

合伙企业

partnership business

establishment

个人合伙

partnership

法人合伙

partnership of legal

person

特别合伙special

partnership

普通合伙general partnership

有限合伙limited partnership

民事合伙civil partnership

隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership

私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship

法人legal person

企业法人legal body of enterprise

企业集团group of enterprise

关联企业affiliate enterprise

个人独资企业individual business establishment

国有独资企业

solely state-owned

enterprise

中外合资企业

Sino-foreign joint

venture enterprise

中外合作企业

Sino-foreign

contractual enterprise

社团法人legal body

of mass organization

财团法人legal body

of financial group

联营joint venture

法人型联营

association of legal

persons

合伙型联营

coordinated

management in

partnership

协作型联营

cooperation-type

coordinated

management

合作社cooperative

民事法律行为civil

legal act

单方民事法律行为

unilateral civil legal

act

双方民事法律行为

bilateral civil legal

act

多方民事法律行为

joint act civil legal

act

有偿民事法律行为

civil legal act with

consideration

无偿民事法律行为

civil legal act without

consideration; civil

legal act without award

实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act

法律翻译公司

诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act

要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act 不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act

要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act

不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act

主民事法律行为principal civil legal act

从民事法律行为

accessory civil legal

act

附条件民事法律行

为conditional civil

legal act

附期限民事法律行

为civil legal act

with term

生前民事法律行为

civil legal act before

death

死后民事法律行为

civil legal act after

death

准民事法律行为

quasi-civil legal act

无效行为ineffective

act

可撤销民事行为

revocable civil act

违法行为illegal act;

unlawful act

侵权行为tort

欺诈fraud

胁迫duress

乘人之危taking

advantage of others’

precarious position

以合法形式掩盖非

法目的legal form

concealing illegal

intention

恶意串通malicious

collaboration

重大误解gross

misunderstanding

显失公平obvious

unjust

误传

misrepresentation

代理agency

本人principal

被代理人principal 受托人trustee

代理人agent

本代理人original agent

法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent

委托代理人agent by mandate

指定代理人designated agent

复代理人subagent 再代理人subagent 转代理人subagent 代理权right of agency

授权行为act of authorization

授权委托书power of attorney

代理行为act of agency

委托代理agency by

mandate

本代理original

agency

复代理subagency

次代理subagency

有权代理authorized

agency

表见代理agency by

estoppel; apparent

agency

律师代理agency by

lawyer

普通代理general

agency

全权代理general

agency

全权代理委托书

general power of

attorney

共同代理joint

agency

独家代理sole

agency

居间brokerage

居间人broker

行纪commission;

broker house

信托trust

时效time limit;

prescription;

limitation

时效中止

suspension of

prescription/limitatio

n

时效中断

interruption of

limitation/prescriptio

n

时效延长extension

of limitation

取得时效acquisitive

prescription

时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription

期日date

期间term

涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements

冲突规范rule of conflict

准据法applicable law; governing law

反致renvoi; remission

转致transmission

识别identification 公共秩序保留reserve of public order

法律规避evasion of law

国籍nationality

国有化

nationalization

法律责任legal

liability

民事责任civil

liability/responsibility

行政责任

administrative

liability/responsibility

刑事责任criminal

liability/responsibility

违约责任liability of

breach of contract;

responsibility of

default

有限责任limited

liability

无限责任unlimited

liability

按份责任

shared/several

liability

连带责任joint and

several liability

过失责任liability

for negligence;

negligent liability

过错责任fault

liability; liability for

fault

单独过错sole fault

共同过错joint fault

混合过错mixed

fault

被害人过错victim’

s fault

第三人过错third

party’s fault

推定过错

presumptive fault

恶意bad faith;

malice

故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness

过失negligence

重大过失gross negligence

疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence

过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption

损害事实facts of damage

有形损失tangible damage/loss

无形损失intangible damage/loss

财产损失property damage/loss

人身损失personal damage/loss

精神损失spiritual

damage/loss

民事责任承担方式

methods of bearing

civil liability

停止侵害cease the

infringing act

排除妨碍exclusion

of hindrance; removal

of obstacle

消除危险

elimination of danger

返还财产restitution

of property

恢复原状restitution;

restitution of original

state

赔偿损失

compensate for a loss;

indemnify for a loss

支付违约金

payment of liquidated

damage

消除影响eliminate

ill effects

恢复名誉

rehabilitate one’s

reputation

赔礼道歉extend a

formal apology

物权jus ad rem;

right in rem; real

right

物权制度real right

system; right in rem

system

一物一权原则the

principal of One thing,

One Right

物权法定主义

principal of legality

of right in rem

物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem

物权法jus rerem

物property

生产资料raw material for production

生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence

流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce

限制流通物limited merchantable thing

禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce

资产asset 固定资产fixed asset

流动资产current

asset; floating asset

动产movables;

chattel

不动产immovable;

real estate

特定物res certae; a

certain thing

种类物genus;

indefinite thing

可分物res

divisibiles; divisible

things

不可分物res

indivisibiles;

indivisible things

主物res capitalis; a

principal thing

从物res accessoria;

an accessory thing

原物original thing

孳息fruits

天然孳息natural

fruits

法定孳息legal fruits

无主物bona vacatia;

vacant goods;

ownerless goods

遗失物lost property

漂流物drifting

object

埋藏物fortuna;

hidden property

货币currency

证券securities

债券bond

物权分类

classification of right

in rem/real right

自物权jus in re

propria; right of full

ownership

所有权dominium;

ownership; title

所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership

占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership

使用权right of use; right to use of

收益权right to earnings; right to yields

处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi

善意占有possession in good faith

恶意占有malicious possession

按份共有several possession

共同共有joint possession

他物权jus in re

aliena

用益物权real right

for usufruct

使用权right to use;

right of use

土地使用权right to

the use of land

林权forest

ownership

采矿权mining

ownership

经营权managerial

authority; power of

management

承包经营权right to

contracted

management

相邻权neighboring

right; relatedright

地上权superficies

永佃权jus

emphyteuticum; right

to landed estate

granted in perpetuity

through a contract

地役权servitude;

easement

人役权servitus

personarum; personal

servitude

担保物权real right

for security

物的担保security

for thing

物的瑕疵担保

warranty against

defect of a thing

抵押权hypotheca;

hypothecation; right

to mortgage

抵押权的设定

creation of right to

mortgage

抵押人mortgagor

抵押权人mortgagee 抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage

抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage

抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage

抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage

抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage

抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage

抵押权的消灭extinction of right to mortgageregistration

of estate under

mortgage

抵押物登记

registration of estate

under mortgage

抵押优先权priority

of mortgage

留置权lien

一般留置权general

lien

特别留置权special

lien

质权hypotheque;

pledge; right of

pledge

佃权tenant right

债权jus in personam;

right to give or

procure; claim;

creditor’s right

债权人creditor

债务人debtor

相对人counterpart;

offeree

给付give; pay

债务debt; liability;

obligation

债务的偿还

payment of debt

债务的偿清

discharge of debt

债务的担保

guarantee of debt

债务的合并

consolidation of debt

债务的给付日期

debt maturity

债务的免除

exemption of debt

债的分类obligatio;

obligation

法定之债legal obligation

任意之债voluntary obligation

简单之债simple obligation

选择之债alternative obligation

主债prime/principal obligation

从债accessory obligation

单一之债single obligation

按份之债several obligation

连带之债joint obligation

特定之债certain obligation

种类之债indefinite obligation 合同之债

contractual obligation

侵权行为之债tort

obligation

损害赔偿之债

obligation of

compensation for

injury; obligation of

damages

人身损害damage to

person

精神损害

moral/mental/spiritua

l damage

医药费hospital

treatment expense

医疗费medical

charge

抚恤金pension

慰问金consolation

money

产品瑕疵defect of

product

不当得利unjust

enrichment

无因管理voluntary

service

债的担保guarantee

of obligation

财产担保property

guarantee

信用担保credit

guarantee

让与担保alienation

guarantee

保证guaranty

明示保证express

guaranty

默示保证implied

guaranty

保证人guarantor

保证合同contract of

guaranty/suretyship

保证金guaranty

bond; security deposit 押金deposit; foregift

预付款advanced payment

定金earnest money; deposit

违约金liquidated damages

法定违约金liquidated damages by law

约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement

债的履行performance of obligation

实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance

情事变更原则doctrine of change of

circumstances

不当履行

misfeasance

清偿discharge;

satisfaction

提存debtor’s

submission of the

subject matter of

obligation to

competent authority

抵销setoff

知识产权

intellectual property

知识产权国际保护

international

protection of

intellectual property

国民待遇原则

doctrine of national

treatment

优先权原则 a right

of priority doctrine

自动保护原则

doctrine of automatic

protection

特许权使用费

royalties

智力成果

intellectual property

著作权copyright

版权copyright

著作权人copyright

owner

创作creation

作品opus; product;

work

著作人格权right of

personality of

copyright

发表权right of

publication

署名权right of

authorship; right of paternity

修改权right of modification; right of revision

完整性保持权right to maintain integrity 不可侵犯权inviolability

收回权right of recall; right of retrieval

自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense

著作财产权property right in work 使用收益分享权right to share usufruct 利用权right to make use of

获得报酬权right to get payment

重播权right of

rebroadcasting

录制权right of

fixation

机械复制权right of

mechanograph; right

of mechanical

reproduction

著作邻接权

neighboring right of

copyright

剽窃plagiary;

plagiarism

盗版pirate

盗版VCD pirated

VCD

伪造forge

工业产权industrial

property

专利权patent right

优先权日priority

date

申请在先原则prior

application rule

使用在先priority of

use

新颖性novelty

创造性creativity

实用性practicability

发明创造invention

and creation

实用新型utility

model

外观设计design;

industrial design

发明权right of

invention

发现权right of

discovery

专利申请patent

application

专利异议objection

to a patent

专利公告patent gazette

专利续展费renewal fee of patent

专利许可协议patent licensing agreement

技术诀窍know-how 专有技术know-how 专利证书certificate of patent

专利事务所patent office

专利代理patent agency

中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China

商标权trademark right

商标国际注册international

registration of

trademark

商品商标

commodity trademark

服务商标service

trademark

驰名商标reputed

trademark

广告商标

advertisement

trademark

近似商标similar

trademark

商标评审委员会

trade review and

appraisal board

商标审查trademark

examination

商标侵权trademark

infringement

商标注册registered

trademark

商标公告trademark

gazette

注册商标使用许可

licensing of

registered trademark

注册商标转让

assignment of

registered trademark

商标使用许可协议

trademark licensing

agreement

商标事务所

trademark office

商标代理trademark

agency

婚姻、家庭、继承、

收养marriage,

family, inheritance,

adoption

婚姻法marital law;

marriage law

包办婚姻arranged marriage

财产分割partition; dismemberment of property

重婚bigamy

独生子女only child 法律婚legal marriage

非婚生子女illegitimate child

夫妻共同财产community property 夫妻关系conjugal relationship

夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board

复婚resumption of marriage 感情破裂

incompatibility

婚后财产公证

notarization of

postnuptial properties

婚姻登记marriage

registration

婚生子女ligitimate

child

计划生育birth

control

结婚marry

离婚divorce

买卖婚姻mercenary

marriage

拟制血亲blood

relations in fiction of

law

旁系血亲collateral

relation blood

relation

涉外婚姻marriage

with foreign elements

配偶spouse

事实婚de facto

marriage

诉讼离婚divorce by

litigation

探视权visitation

right

同居cohabitation

晚婚late marriage

无效婚姻void

marriage

协议离婚divorce by

agreement

一夫一妻制

monogamy

早婚early marriage

直系血亲lineal

descent

自然血亲natural

blood relation

收养法adoption law

收养协议adoption agreement

收养人adoptive parent

送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption 涉外收养adoption with foreign elements 继承法inheritance law; law of succession

法定继承legal seccession

遗嘱继承intestate succession

遗赠继承succession by devise

自然继承natural succession

代位继承representation; succession by

subrogation

世袭继承hereditary

succession

间接继承indirect

succession

转继承

subsuccession

共同继承joint

succession

单独继承single

succession

继承人heir;

successor

第二顺序继承人

successor second in

order

第一顺序继承人

successor first in

order

继承参与人

succession participant

遗产inheritance;

heritage

遗产继承人heir to

property; inheritor

遗言last will and

testament

遗书last words

遗赠bequest; legacy;

devise

遗赠抚养协议

legacy-support

agreement

会计法accounting

law

税法tax law;

taxation law

反不正当竞争法

anti-unfair

competition law

消费者权益保护法

consumer’s interest

protection law

产品责任法production liability law

消费者权益法consumer rights and interests law

公司法company law; corporate law

公司company; corporation

有限责任公司limited liability company

股份有限公司company limited by shares

无限公司unlimited company

股份两合公司joint stock limited liability partnership 两合公司joint

liability company

控股公司holding

company

集团公司group

company

合资公司joint

venture company

联营公司associated

company; affiliated

company

国营公司state-own

company

国有公司

state-owned company

民营公司

civilian-run company

本国公司

national/domestic

company

外国公司foreign

company

上市公司listed

company

母公司parent

company

子公司subsidiary

皮包公司briefcase

company; fundless

company

募集设立

incorporation by

stock floatation

发起人floater;

initiator

公司名称name of

company

公司住址domicile

of company

出资contribution;

capital subscription

现金出资

investment in cash

实物出资

investment in kind

工业产权出资investment in industrial property right

非专有技术出资investment in non-patent technology

劳务出资investment in labor

高新技术成果出资investment in hi-tech achievements

注册资本registered capital

实缴资本paid-in capital

验资报告capital verification report

会计师事务所certified public accountants

注册会计师certified

public accountant

资本三原则three

doctrine of capital

资本确定原则

doctrine of capital

determination

资本维持原则

doctrine of capital

maintenance

资本不变原则

doctrine of

unchanging capital

最低资本额制度

minimum capital

system

公司章程articles of

association; articles

of incorporation;

bylaw

公司登记

incorporation;

corporate registration

公司存续existence

of company

公司合并分立

merger and split of

company

公司并购corporate

merger and

acquisition

公司管理corporate

governance; company

management

公司法律顾问

corporate counsel

公司整顿company

rectification

公司歇业closure of

business

公司和解company

composition

公司解散company