外研版八年级英语上册Module 9 Population知识点复习及同步练习

外研版八年级英语上册Module 9  Population知识点复习及同步练习
外研版八年级英语上册Module 9  Population知识点复习及同步练习

Module 9 Population 一、学习内容、目标与要求

题目Population

题材内容本模块以人口为主题,涉及人口过剩以及由此而产生的相关后果。通过阅读,希望能够唤起学生们的忧患意识,并培养他们在实际生活中提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力。

学习目标

功能能够理解并表述大数字;正确使用冠词。

语法能够正确使用冠词,准确读出大数字。语言

知识

目标词汇能够正确使用下列单词和词组:population, crowd, increase, smoke, minute, crime, flat, law, rubbish, tax, add, add to, fault, police

理解下列单词和词组:increasing, along with, thanks to, suburb, vision, cure

二、课文解释

1.There are too many people and there is not enough space, and there is too much traffic noise and pollution.

too many和too much都用来表示“太多了”这个意思。注意,too many后面要接可数名词的复数形式,而too much后面则要修饰不可数名词。如:

1)You’ve given me too many potatoes.

2)He wants to buy a new car, but he doesn’t want to spend too much money on it.

3)I’d love to come, but I’ve got too much work.

4)I don’t want to invite too many people because it’s quite a small flat. 我不想邀请太多的人,因为房间太小了。

5)Mark isn’t coming to the cinema because he’s got too much work to do. 马克不能来看电影了,因为他有很多工作要做。

2.Along with the crowds, the smoke, and the transport problems. 还有人口、烟雾以及交通问题。

这句话是接着上一句的。上句话中谈到了环境问题,本句就接着说人口、烟以及交通等问题。

along with sb./sth.相当于together with,意思是“连同,跟……一块儿”。如:

There was a bill along with the parcel. 随同包裹来的还有一张账单。

3.You know the school prize-giving’s coming up next week…

在本句话中,come up是一个短语动词,意思是“进行,举行,发生”(to happen, usually unexpectedly)。如:

I’ve got to go — something has just come up at home and I’m needed there.

Let me know if anything interesting comes up.

4.That’s thanks to my“Homework Help”.

thanks to表示“由于,因为,多亏”,相当于because of。如:

1)Thanks to his brother, we caught the train.

2)Thanks to your stupidity, we lost the game.

3)It’s thanks to Sandy that I heard about the job. 多亏了桑迪,我才听说这个工作。

4)The baby is awake thanks to your shouting. 由于你的喊叫,宝宝醒了。

5)Thanks to John, we missed the train. 由于约翰的原因,我们没赶上火车。

5.Jo’s family live in one of those new flats—there’s no room for small houses any more.

周和家人住在那些新楼房里——那里再也没有地方盖小的房子了。

room在此处为不可数名词,意思是“空间,地方”。如:

1)That sofa would take up too much room in the flat. 房间里的那个沙发占地太多。

2)Is there any room for me in the car? 车里还有地方让我坐下吗?

6.It’s difficult to run a big city, and to protect people from crime. 管理一个大城市,保护人民不受不法活动的侵害是艰巨的(工作)。

protect…from…表示“保护/防护……不受……”。如:

1)It’s important to protect your skin from the harmful effects of the sun. 保护皮肤免受太阳伤害是非常重要的。

2)She wore a pair of sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sun.

3)I’ll use an umbrella to protect myself from the rain.

7.It takes Jo an hour to get to school, and this adds to the traffic and pollution.

add to 表示“增加”。如:

The rise in electricity costs has added to our difficulties.

当我们想表达“把……加到……”还可以说add…to…如:

Add the eggs to the cream.

Could you add apples to your shopping list?

8.There need to be more shops and offices.

There be句型中可以插入情态动词。本句中There need to be表示“需要有……”再如:

1)There need to be one more school in the village.

2)There may come a time when you’ll regret that decision.

3)There can’t be much room left in the back of the car.

三、语法

数词:

1.数词分为基数词和序数词;基数词表示数目,序数词表示顺序2.基数词与序数词构成

基数词序数词

1.one first

2.two second

3.three third

4.four fourth

5.five fifth

6.six sixth

7.seven seventh

8.eight eighth

9.nine ninth

10.ten tenth

11.eleven eleventh

12.twelve twelfth

13.thirteen thirteenth

20.twenty twentieth

基数词的构成:

(1)1——12独立成词

(2)13——19后加-teen注意:thirteen, fifteen, eighteen.

(3)20——90后加-ty,注:twenty, thirty forty, fifty, eighty

(4)21——99在十位数和个位数之间加“—”,由“几十”和“几”合起来构成。

如22读作:twenty-two

(5)101——999在百位数和十位数之间读时加and,0读“and”,102读作one hundred and two.

(6)1000以上的数,从后面向前数,每三位加“,”号,第一“,”前是thousand,第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion(美式)或thousand million(英式)。

如:389, 674, 325读作three hundred and eighty-nine million, six hundred and seventy-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-five.

(7)“千”读thousand,“百”读hundred.

如:“万”读ten thousand,“十万”读hundred thousand,“百万”读million

(8)hundred, thousand, million前如有数词时,本身并不用复数。

如:two hundred, three thousand

在下列词组中常用复数

①hundreds of成百上千,thousands of成千上万。

这种词组中前不能带具体数词,不说:five hundreds of desks. 只说five hundred desks

②在表示“一排”,“一组”,“一伙”的词组里,如:

by twos and threes 三三两两地

in fives 五个人一排(一次)

at sixes and sevens乱七八糟

③表示年代in the 1990s(in the nineteen nineties)

④表示某人“几十岁时”用in one’s+数词复数,如:

in one’s fifties(五十来岁时)

in one’s teens(十来岁时)

⑤在乘法运算中,3×5=15,Five times three is fifteen

巧记:序数词的构成:

基变序,有规律,结尾加上-th(fourth,seventh)。一、二、三、特殊例,结尾字母t、d、d(first, second, third)。八去t,九去e,ve要用f替,(eighth, ninth, fifth, twelfth)ty将y变成i,th前面有个e(fortieth)

注意:

(1)序数词一般在基数词尾加th构成,特殊的有first, second third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, fortieth, fiftieth等。

(2)序数词有时用缩写形式:如:1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th等。

(3)th读音//

(4)其他序数词几十几,十位用基数,个位用序数,如:第九十九(the)ninety-ninth(99th)

第一百零一(the)one hundred(and)first(101st)

四、课文译文

Unit 1 It’s the biggest city in China.

Activity 3 Listen and read.

托尼:下期《新标准》的内容有什么?

大明:再来一期“作业辅导”怎么样?

托尼:这周的作业是什么?

玲玲:人口。人口太多,空间不够,而且车辆、噪音以及污染过多。

大明:嗯,我们所处的位置正好适于谈论这个问题。北京是个大城市。

玲玲:是啊,尽管重庆是全国人口最多的城市。但是日益增长的人口是很多国家的环境问题。

托尼:还有人口、烟雾以及交通问题。让我们看一些事实吧。啊,这个怎么样?每分钟有259个婴儿出生。

玲玲:也就说是每年会有136,130,400个婴儿出生。

托尼:中国的人口大约为13亿……

玲玲:……约占世界人口的20%。

(贝蒂向他们走过来……)

托尼:嗨,贝蒂!和校长的见面怎么样啊?

贝蒂:嗨!还可以。你知道,学校的颁奖活动下周要开始了,有以往的奖项、篮球比赛……

大明:还有摄影比赛……

贝蒂:还有《新标准》的特殊奖项——北京最好的校刊。

大明:那要归功于我的“作业辅导”。

贝蒂:猜猜看谁会来颁奖?

大明:不知道。

贝蒂:贝基·王,Crazy Feet的歌手,兼《新标准》的创刊人。

托尼:真不敢相信啊!

Unit 2 It was a quiet small village.

Activity 2 Read the passage and check your answers to Activity 1.

城市景象

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