美国文学 (2)
Nathaniel Hawthorne:
The Scarlet Letter
The House of the Seven Gables
Mosses from an Old Manse
The Blithedale Romance
The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni Twice-ToldTales
Young Goodman Brown
Earth Holocaust
The Birthmark
Rappaccini's Daughter The Custom House
The Maypole of Merry Mount
Endicott and the Red Cross
Adultry
Able
Angle
Howe’s Masquerade
Dr. Heidegger's Experiment
The Bosom Serpent
The Artist of the Beautiful
Main article: Edgar Allan Poe bibliography
Edgar Allan Poe
Ms.Found in the bottle
The Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque
The Murders in the Rue Morgue
The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
The Raven
To Helen
Iarafel
The bells
Sonnet-To science
The City in the Sea
The Doomed City
The Fall of the House of Usher
The Cask of Amontillado
The Purloined Letter
Ligeia
The Tell-Tale Heart
William Wilson
The Imp of the Perverse
The Black Cat
Stephen Crane
Main article: Stephen Crane bibliography Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893)
The Red Badge of Courage (1895)
The Black Riders and Other Lines (1895)
George's Mother (1896)
The Open Boat and Other Tales of Adventure (1898) War is Kind (1899)
Active Service (1899)
The Monster and Other Stories (1899)
Wounds in the Rain (1900)
The O'Ruddy (1903)
T. S. Eliot
The love song of J.Alfred Prufrock
The Waste Land
Gerontion
Hollow Man
The Egoist
Four Quartets
Ash Wednesday
Sweeney Agonistes
Murder n the Cathedal
The Cocktail Party
The Sacred Wood
Essays on style and order
The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism (1933) After Strange Gods (1934)
Elizabethan Essays (1934)
Essays Ancient and Modern
Wallace Stevens
Harmonium
Anecdote of the Jar
The Man With the Blue Guitar
Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction
Peter Quince at the Clavier
Sunday Morning
The Auroras of Autumn
Collected Poem Robert Frost
The Road Not Taken
Mending Wall
Mowing
Birches
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening The Wood Pile
Design
Desert Places
Home Burial
North of Boston
Carl Sandburg
General William Booth Enters Heaven Spoon River Anthology
Chicago
Slabs of the Sunburnt West
Goodmorning America
Collected Poems
Fog
Lost
Monotone
The Harbor
Nocturne in a Deserted Brickyard
Always the Young Strangers
Reckless Ecstasy
The Prairie Years
The War Years
The American Songbag
The People,Yes
Honey and Salt
Corn-huskers
Smoke and Steel
To a Contemporary Bunkshooter
I am the People, the Mob
The Prairie
Complete Poems
Ernest Hemingway 1920s
In Our Time
The Torrents of Spring
The Sun Also Rises
Farewell to Arms
For Whom the Bell Tolls
Men Without Women
The Winners Take Notheing
The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories To Have and Have Not
A Moveable Feast
William Faulkner 南方文学
The Marble Faun
Soldiers’ Pay
Dry September
The Sound and the Fury
As I lay dying
Light in August
Absalom,Absolam
John Steinbeck 1930s
Cup of Gold
The Pastures of Heaven
To a God Unknown
In Dubious Battle
Of Mice and Men
The Grapes of Wrath
The Moon Is Down
Eudora Welty
Death of a Travelling,Salesman
A Curtain of Green and Other Stories
The Wide Net and Other Stories
The Golden Apples
The Bridge of Innifallen
The Robber Bridgeroom
Detta Wedding
The Ponder Heart
The Losing Battles
The Optismist’s Daughter
Robert Lowell
Lord Weary’s Castle
Life Studies
For Sale;Walking in the Blue;
For the Union Dead
Skunk
Carl Sandburg
Fog
Always the Young Stranger
s;In Reckless Ecstasy
The Prairie Years
The War Years
The American Songbag
The People,Yes
Honey and Salt
Corn-huskers
Smoke and Steel
Elizabeth Stevens
Fish
Eugene Oneil
Bound East to Cardiff
The Long V oyage Home
The Moon of the Carribbeans
Beyond the Horizon
Anna Christie
The Emperor Jones
The Hairy Ape
All the God’s Children Got Wings
The Great God Brown
The Strange Interlude
Mourning Becomes Electra;
The Iceman Cometh
The Long Days Journey Into Night
Arthur Miller
Situation Normal
The Man Who Had All the Luck
All My Sons
Death of a Salesman
The Crucible
A View from the Bridge
A Memory of Two Mondays
After the Fall
Incident at Vichy
The Price
The Creation of the World and Other Business The Archbishop’s Ceiling
The American Clock
Sylvia Plath
The Colossus
Ariel
Daddy;
Lady Lazarus
The Uncollected Poems Crossing the Water
Winter Trees
The Bell Jar
Death & Co
J D Salinger
The Young Folks
Nine Stories
Franny
Zooey
Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters Seymour:An Introduction
The Cather in the Rye
John Barth
The Floating Opera
The End of the Road
The Sot-weed Factor
Letters
Giles Goat-boy
Lost in the Funhouse
Chimera
Sabbatical
The Friday Book
Langston Hughes
The Negro Speakers of Rivers
The Weary Blues
Dear Lovely Death
Shakespear in Harlem
I Wonder as I Wander
The Best of Simple
Ralph Ellison
Invisible Man
Shadow and Act
Going to the Territory
Willa Cather
Neighbor Rosicky
Allen Ginsburg
Howl
Kaddish
Plannet News
The Fall of America
Toni Morrison
Song of Solomon
F Scott Fitzgerald
The Side of Paradise
The Beautiful and the Damned
The Great Gatsby
Tender in the Night
The Last Tycoon
Flappers and Philosophers
Tales of the Jazz Taps at Reveille The Ice Palace
May Days
The Diamond as Big as the Ritz Winter Dreams
The Rich Boy
Babylon Revisted
The Crack-up
Ezra Pound
In a Stuation of the Metro
The Spirit of Romance
The Anthology Des Imagistes Literary Essays
Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley
A Few Don’ts by Imagiste Personage
Polite Essays
The Cantos of Ezra Pound
美国文学重点的名词解释
New England Transcendentalism: Philosophically, Transcendentalism means the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively, or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the senses. New England Transcendentalism stress the importance of the Over-soul, the Individual and Nature. Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism include the idea that nature is enabling and the individual is divine and therefore, self-reliant. The leading figure of New England Transcendentalism is Emerson and Thoreau. American Romanticism: It is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature that stretches from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. Being a period of the great flowering of American literat ure, it is also called “the American Renaissance.” American romantic works emphasize the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature. Romanticists include such literary figures as Washington Irving, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, William Cullen Bryant, Henry Wordsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman and some others. Free Verse: Poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme American Puritanism: The first settlers who came to America wer e called “Puritans”, so named after because they wished to “purify” the religious practice in the church. They established their own religious and moral principles as American Puritanism, which stressed predestination, original sin, total depravity, and li mited atonement from God’s grace. American Puritanism is one of the enduring influences in American thought and American literature. American Puritanism was greatly influenced by Calvinism. Symbolism: Symbolism is the practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic meanings or significance to objects, events, or relationships. American Literature: Literature refers to body of work which for whatever reason deserves to be preserved as part of the reproduction of meaning within a given culture. It mainly includes novel, drama, poetry, short stories, biography and some other forms. American Literature refers to literature written by Americans in English. Epic A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down. Analysis "To a Waterfowl" is written in iambic trimeter and iambic pentameter, consisting of eight stanzas of four lines. The poem represents early stages of American Romanticism through celebration of Nature and God's presence within Nature. Bryant is acknowledged as skillful at depicting American scenery but his natural details are often combined with a universal moral, as in "To a Waterfowl" Figures of speech alliteration metaphor anaphora personification:
美国文学史-知识点梳理
Part I The Literature of Colonial America I．Historical Introduction The colonial period stretched roughly from the settlement of America in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th. The first permanent settlement in America was established by English in 1607. ( A group of people was sent by the English King James I to hunt for gold. They arrived at Virginia in 1607. They named the James River and build the James town.) II．The pre-revolutionary writing in the colonies was essentially of two kinds: 1) Practical matter-of-fact accounts of farming, hunting, travel, etc. designed to inform people "at home" what life was like in the new world, and, often, to induce their immigration 2) Highly theoretical, generally polemical, discussions of religious questions. III．The First American Writer The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of these settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, their lives in the new land, their dealings with Indians. Captain John Smith is the first American writer. A True Relation of such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony (1608) A Map of Virginia: A Description of the Country (1612) General History of Virgini a (1624): the Indian princess Pocahontas Captain John Smith was one of the first early 17th-century British settlers in North America. He was one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown, Virginia. His writings about North America became the source of information about the New World for later settlers. One of the things he wrote about that has become an American legend was his capture by the Indians and his rescue by the famous Indian Princess, Pocahontas. IV．Early New England Literature William Bradford and John Winthrop John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor V．Puritan Thoughts 1. The origin of puritan In the mediaeval Europe, there was widespread religious revolution. In the 16th Century, the English King Henry VIII (At that time, the Catholics were not allowed to divorce unless they have the Pope's permission. Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife because she couldn't bear him a son. But the Pope didn't allow him to divorce, so he) broke away from the Roman Catholic Church & established the Church of
常耀信美国文学知识点
Introduction 1. The Youngest National Literature 1781 (Independence War) --- 2012= about 200 years 2. Great achievement: 1930-1980, nine American writers won the Nobel Prize The Periods of American Literature 1.The colonial period (约1607 - 1765) 2. The period of enlightenment and Independence War (1765-1800) 3. The romantic period (1800 - 1865) 4. The realistic period (1865 - 1914) 5. The period of modernism (1914 - 1945) 6. The Contemporary Literature (1945 -) Chapter I Colonial America American Puritanism 1. The beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans(most of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects) 2. Strictness and austerity in conduct and religion Puritans‘ religio us belief: Calvinism ◆John Calvin, the great French theologian. The principal concepts: 1) Original sin and total depravity. 2) Predestination 3) Salvation of selected few ◆ The Puritans carried with them to America a code of values, a philosophy of life, and a point of view, which, in time, took root in the New world and became what is known as American Puritanism. (p11) The Influence of Puritanism on American Literature 1) Idealism（optimism） 2) Symbolism 3) Simplicity in writing Significance of Puritanism With time passing it became a dominant factor in American life, one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American Literature. To some extent it is a state of mind, a part of the national cultural atmosphere that the American breathes, rather than a set of tenets. Time: From the arrival of the first settlers in the early 17th century to the end of the 18th century Literary Features 1. Forms Personal literature in various forms --- diaries, histories, common books (札记)，journals, letters, travel books, sermons etc. 2. Content 1) practical matter-of-fact accounts of farming, hunting, travel, etc. designed to inform people ―at home‖ what life was like in the new world 2) highly theoretical discussions of religious questions. 3. Style In Style, English literary traditions were imitated and transplanted. Early writers in the colonial period John Smith, a captain, one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown, Virginia; the writer of A Description of New England. William Bradford, the first governor of the Plymouth Plantation, his writing: Of Plymouth Plantation (P16) John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, In his famous speech A Model of Christian Charity ,he states that there was a agreement between God and his people of building a new Garden of Eden in the new world. (P17) Therefore let us choose life, 所以，让我们选择生活， that we and our seed 这样，我们和我们的后代， may live by obeying His 可以听从上帝的声音， voice and cleaving to Him, 须臾不离上帝， for He is our life and 因为，上帝是我们的生命， our prosperity. 我们的兴旺 1
美国文学选读期末考试重点
1、The Colonial Period（1607-1765） American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th) 北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱) Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响（metaphysical） 2、The Enlightenment and Revolution Period Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard's Almanac The Autobiography---“美国梦”的根源 3、American Romanticism（end of 18th to the civil war） American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature. 早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature
美国文学试题(2)
美国文学（本科）试题5 I. Complete each of the following statements with proper words or phrases and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20%, 1 point for each) 1. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in . 2. became the first American writer. 3. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the values that dominated much of the early American writing. 4. In American literature, the 18th century was an age of and Revolution. 5. Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece . 6. On January 10, 1776, Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet appeared. 7. The signing of symbolized the birth of an independent American nation. 8. The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century was . 9. Washington Irving’s became the first work by an American writer to win international fame. 10. is the summit of American Romanticism. 11. With the publication of Emerson’s in 1836,American Romanticism reached its summit. 12. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Hawthorne’s novel . 13.Henry James’ major fictional theme is . 14. brought the Romantic period to an end. So the age of Realism came into existence. 15. The Poetic style invented by Whitman is now called . 16. “Because I could not stop for Death---” is written by . 17. The term The Gilded Age is given by to describe the post-civil war years. 18. Theodore Dreiser’s first novel is . 19. The leader of the literary movement Imagism is . 20. is the spokesman for Lost Generation. II. Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers or completions. Choose the one that is the best in each case and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 1 point for each) 1. The first American writer of local color to achieve wide popularity was . A. Bret Harte B. Mark Twain C. Henry James D. William Dean Howells 2. Which of the following is the masterpiece of Mark Twain? A. The Gilded Age B. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer C. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn D. Jumping Frog 3. Which writer has no naturalist tendency? A. Mark Twain B. Jack London C. Theodore Dreiser D. Frank Norris 4. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in and Thoreau. A. Jefferson B. Emerson C. Freneau D. Oversoul 5. Which of the following doesn’t belong to Dreiser’s “Trilogy of Desire”? A. The Financier B. The Titan C. The Stoic D. An American Tragedy
美国文学重点名词解释
学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 1. 2. 6.Transcendentalism: is literature，philosophical and literary movement that flourished in New England from about 1836 to1860. It originated among a small group of intellectuals who were reaching against the orthodoxy of Calvinism and the rationalism of the Unitarian Church, their own faith centering on the divinity of humanity and the natural world instead. Transcendentalism derived some of its basic idealistic concepts from romantic German philosophy, and from such English authors as Carlyle，Coleridge, and Wordsworth. The ideas of transcendentalism were most eloquently expressed by Ralph Waldo Emerson in such essays as Nature and Self-Reliance and by Henry David Thoreau in his book Walden. .Symbolism象征主义：It is the writing technique of using symbols. It's a literary movement that arose in France in the last half of the 19th century and that greatly influenced many English writer, particularly poets, of the 20th century. It enables poets to compress a very complex idea or set of ideas into one image or even one word. It's one of the most powerful devices that poets employ in creation. 8.American naturalism：this term was created by Emile Zola. Charles Darwin's evolutionary theory played an important role in naturalism. In the works off naturalism，characters were conceived as complex combinations of inherited attributes and habits conditioned by social and economic forces. At th century，the end of the 19this pessimistic form of realism appeared in america. Naturalism attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness. Characters in the works of naturalism were dominated by their environment and heredity. Naturalism emphasized：the world was around；men had no free will；religious“truth”were illusory；the destiny of human beings was misery in life and oblivion in death. The dominant figures in naturalism were Stephen crane，Frank Norris, Jack London and Theodore Dreiser. 3.The lost generation: included the young English and American expatriates as well
美国文学重点整理
美国文学重点整理 美国文学题型： 1.60分三篇小说，三个诗歌，作者，出处，作品分析 2.20分名词解释 3.20分论述 1. 20世纪美国文学发展的经济背景 关键词： Urbanization（new farm machines, rising productivity, rising leisure time）Industrialization(electric lights, camera, telephone, radio, type writer) Commercialization Globalization. Philosophy: Schopenhauer叔本华 Nietzsche 尼采 Jean Paul Freud 补充：Fitzgerald：tender is the night, all the sad young man, the rich boy, 2. What is Lost Generation? ①It is a term to describe a group of American intellectuals, poets, artists and writers who fled to France in the post WWI years to reject the values of American materialism and to seek the bohemian lifestyle in Paris. ②It is full of youthful idealism, seeking the meaning of life, drank excessively, have love affairs,creating some of the finest American literature to date. ③American poet Gertrude Stein coined this expression, speaking to Hemingway, she said, you are all a lost generation.the term stuck the mystique surrounding these individuals continues to fancy us. ④Main representatives: F. Scott.Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, John Dos Passos 3. What is modernism? Main features. A cultural movement that generally includes the progressive art and architecture, design, literature, music, dance,painting and other visual arts which emerged in the beginning of the 20century, particularly in the years following WWI. It was a movement of artists and designers who rebelled against late 19th century academic and historic tradition, and embraced the new economic ,social and political aspects of the emerging modern world. The avant-garde movements that followed including impressionism, post-impressionism, cubism（立体主义）, futurism, expressionism, contructivism（构
美国文学期末考试复习必备(精)
美国文学期末考试复习必备（精） 1. What’s Puritanism? A religious and political movement which appeals to the right of the individual to political & religious independence. It includes three parts: a code of values, a point of view & a philosophy of life 2. What are the basic Puritan beliefs? 1). Total Depravity 2). Unconditional Election 3). Limited Atonement 4). Irresistible Grace 5). Perseverance of the "saints" 3. What are American Puritan values? Sobriety thrift, Self-reliance Diligence, Struggle, simple tastes 4. What are the features of American literature in the Colonial Period? A. Humble origins: diaries, journals, histories, letters. Its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period. B. in content: serving either god or colonial expansion or both C. in form: imitating English literary traditions. D. in style: tight and logic structure, precise and compact expression, avoidance of rhetorical decoration, adoption of homely imagery and simplicity of diction. E. Symbolism formed in this period ------To the pious Puritan, the physical, phenomenal world was nothing but a symbol of God. F. Simple, fresh and direct style
美国文学作家以及作品总汇
美国文学部分(American Literature) 一．独立革命前后的文学（The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1)．殖民地时期的文学的特点 2)．主要的作家、其概况及其代表作品 2．独立革命前后时期的主要作家 本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林，散文家、科学家、社会活动家，曾参与起草―独立宣言。 《穷查理历书》Poor Richard’s Almanack 《致富之道》The Way to Wealth 《自传》The Autobiography 托马斯·潘恩Thomas Paine托马斯·潘恩，散文家、政治家、报刊撰稿人。 《税务员问题》The Case of the Officers of Excise 《常识》Common Sense 《美国危机》American Crisis 《人的权利》Rights of Man 《专制体制的崩溃》Downfall of Despotism 《理性时代》The Age of Reason 菲利普·弗伦诺Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺，著名的―革命诗人‖。 《蒸蒸日上的美洲》―The Rising Glory of America‖
《英国囚船》―The British Prison Ship‖ 《纪念美国勇士》同类诗中最佳―To the Memory of the Brave Americans‖ 《野生的金银花》―The Wild Honeysuckle‖ 《印第安人殡葬地》―The Indian Burying Ground‖ 1二．美国浪漫主义文学（American Romanticism） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1)．美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 2)．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格 3)．清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家 华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文，美国著名小说家，被称为―美国文学之父‖.《瑞普·凡·温可尔》Rip Van Winkle 《纽约外史》A History of New York 《见闻札记》The Sketch Book 《睡谷的传说》The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀开创了以《皮裹腿故事集》为代表的边疆传奇小说，其中最为重要的一部是《最后的莫西干人》。 《皮裹腿故事集》Leatherstocking Tales 《间谍》The Spy 《领航者》The Pilot