小升初英语择校题型总复习

小升初英语择校题型总复习
小升初英语择校题型总复习

小升初择校题型专项复习

一.词汇

1. 基本词汇

January February March April 一月二月三月四月

May June July August 五月六月七月八月

September October November December 九月十月十一月十二月 Month 月份

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday

星期天星期一星期二星期三

Thursday Friday Saturday

星期四星期五星期六

Week 星期/周

blue orange red yellow

蓝色(的) 橙黄色(的) 红色(的) 黄色(的) black green pink white

黑色(的) 绿色(的) 粉色(的) 白色(的) brown purple blond gray

棕色(的) 紫色(的) 淡黄色(的) 灰白(的) colour 颜色

grandfather grandmother father

祖父(爷爷或姥爷) 祖母(奶奶或姥姥) 父亲

mother daughter son brother

母亲女儿儿子哥哥/弟弟

sister wife husband

姐姐/妹妹妻子丈夫

aunt uncle

阿姨/姑母/婶母/伯母/舅母叔叔/伯伯/姨夫/姑父/舅父

cousin family

堂/表兄弟;堂/表姐妹家庭

head hair face eye ear mouth

头头发脸眼耳朵嘴

tooth nose shoulder elbow arm

牙齿鼻子肩膀肘胳膊

hand finger leg knee foot toe 手手指腿膝盖脚脚趾

stomach skin bone muscle body

胃/肚子皮肤骨骼;骨头肌肉身体

hat scarf mittens (=mitts) gloves

帽子围巾连指手套手套

boots shoes runners sandals

靴子鞋运动鞋凉鞋/拖鞋

socks coat jacket shirt blouse

袜子外套夹克衫男衬衫女衬衫

T-shirt sweater pants jeans shorts

T恤衫毛衣裤子牛仔裤短裤 pyjamas skirt dress

睡衣裤裙子连衣裙

swimsuit housecoat clothes

(女式)游泳衣妇女的家居便服衣服

near far in front of behind

在?-附近远的/遥远的在?-前面在?-后面

on under inside outside top

在?-上面在?-下面 (在)里面 (在)外面顶/顶部

bottom left right corner east

底部/末尾左/左边右/右边角/角落东/东方

west south north above below

西/西方南/南方北/北方在?-上方在?-下方

in beside

在?-内在?-旁边

rain snow wind ice

雨雪风冰

sun rainy snowy windy

太阳下雨的下雪的有风的

sunny cloudy warm cool

晴朗的多云的暖和的凉爽的

cold hot weather

冷的热的天气

breakfast lunch supper sugar cake

早餐午餐晚餐糖蛋糕

pop soup water juice milk

汽水汤水果汁牛奶

dumpling fish tea meat noodles

饺子鱼茶肉面条

rice pizza donut hamburger 米饭比萨饼面包圈汉堡包chicken cookies French fries eat

鸡肉饼干炸薯条吃

hot dog ice cream thirsty drink 热狗冰淇淋渴的喝hungry food

饥饿的食物

cat dog duck elephant goat

猫狗鸭大象山羊

kangaroo lion monkey sheep

袋鼠狮子猴子绵羊

pig tiger wolf chicken cow

猪虎狼鸡母牛/奶牛fish fish animal

鱼动物

everyone I you he she it they 人人/大家我你(们) 他她它他(她)们me him her them my your

我他她(的) 他们我的你(们)的

his its their we our this that

他的它的他(她)们的我们我们的这/这个那/那个these those mine yours

这些那些我的(东西) 你的(东西)

jump run walk trip

跳跑走路/步行旅行

swim skate ski skip

游泳滑冰滑雪跳/蹦

play soccer ping-pong basketball

玩足球乒乓球篮球

badminton sport

羽毛球运动

China Canada Australia

中国加拿大澳大利亚

U.K. U.S. Country

英国美国国家

line circle triangle square

线/直线圆三角形方形

shape

形状

spring summer fall winter

春天夏天秋天冬天

season year day hour

季节年天小时

minute yesterday today tomorrow

分钟昨天今天明天

one two three four five

six seven eight nine ten

first second third fourth

第一第二第三第四

fifth sixth seventh eighth

第五第六第七第八

ninth tenth eleventh twelfth

第九第十第十一第十二

teacher cashier clerk waitress

教师出纳员办事员女服务员/女侍者

waiter bus driver player nurse 侍者公共汽车司机运动员护士police officer carpenter doctor

警官木匠医生

businessman businesswoman people

(男)商人女商人人/人们

baby child children boy girl

婴儿孩子孩子们男孩女孩

man men woman women

男人男人们女人女人们

train airplane (plane) truck

火车飞机卡车

bus cab (taxi) bicycle (bike)

公共汽车出租车自行车

car school bus

小汽车校车

house apartment room kitchen 房子公寓/套间房间厨房living room bathroom school

起居室浴室学校

classroom library gym hotel 教室图书馆体育馆/健身房饭店/旅馆restaurant park bus stop

餐馆公园公共汽车站

blackboard chalk desk chair

黑板粉笔课桌椅子

book pen pencil paper

书钢笔铅笔纸

eraser marker

橡皮水彩笔

always often usually

总是/永远常常通常/经常

sometimes never

有时从来没有

orange apple banana

橙子苹果香蕉

melon strawberry grape

瓜草莓葡萄

cabbage onion pea

白菜洋葱豌豆

carrot fruit vegetable

胡萝卜水果蔬菜

2.反义词:

1. arrive — leave 到达?a离开

2. come — go 来?a去

3. east — west 东?a西

4. north — south 北?a南

5. stand — sit 站?a坐

6. this — that 这?a那

7. these — those 这些?a那些

8. black — white 黑色?a白

9. short — long (tall) 短(矮)?a长(高) 10. clean — dirty 干净的

?a脏的

11. big — small (little) 大的?a小的 12. loud — quiet 吵闹的?

a安静

13. loudly — quietly 吵闹地?a安静地 14. dry — wet 干的?a湿的15. hot — cold 热的?a冷的 16. warm — cool 温暖的?a凉爽

17. same — different 相同的?a不同的 18. before — after 在?-之前?a在?

-之后

19. win — lose 赢?a输 20. far-near 远的?a近的

21. easy-hard 容易的?a难的 22. left-right 左边?a右边23. top — bottom 顶部?a底部 24. early — late 早的?a晚的25. heavy — light 重的?a轻的 26. slow — fast (quick) 慢的?

a快的

27. slower —faster 较快的?a较慢的 28. slowly —quickly 缓慢地?a快

速地

29. strong — weak 强壮的?a虚弱的 30. high — low 高?a低

31. learn — teach 学?a教 32. inside — outside (在)里面?a (在)

外面

33. put on — take off 穿上?a脱下 34. forward — backward 朝前走?a向

后走

35. throw — catch 扔?a接住 36. healthy — sick 健康的?a有病的37. ask — answer 问?a回答 38. expensive — cheap 昂贵的?a便宜的39. up — down 向上?a向下 40. happy — sad 高兴的?a悲伤的

41. on — under 在?-上面?a在?-下面 42. above — below 在?-上方?a在?-下

43. cry — laugh 哭?a笑 44. old — new 旧的?a新的

45. old — young 老的?a年轻的 46.finally——fistly 最后;首先

47.final——first 最后;首先

专项复习————词语辨析(红色为重点复习部分)

1.a few/ few

(1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。

(2)a few “有一些”,表示肯定概念,few 几乎没有,表示否定意义。

[例] The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends.

这个人在这里住了很多年了,他有一些朋友。

I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here.

我刚来到这里,所以我在这里没有几个朋友。

..........................................................................

2.a little/ little

(1) a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词。

(2) a little “有一些”,表示肯定概念。

little “几乎没有”,表示否定概念。[例] There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。There is little water in the glass, so you can’t drink any.

杯子里几乎没有水了,你不可能喝到水了。..........................................................................

练习

1.He has _________ friends there.

2.The lake is not near, so there’s ____ people going swimming there.

3.I like a _______ sugar in my tea.

4.There are a _______ students eating lunch now.

5.There are a _______ chocolates left in the box.

6.I usually only eat a _______ at lunch time.

7.There are only a _______ ships left .

8.A _______ people were waiting for the bus.

9.Can I have a _______ jam on my bread, please?

10.Very _______ children like getting up a 5 o'clock in the morning.

11.I've only got a _______ money left to spend at the shop.

12.I've only got a _______ money in my bag

13.You have to hurry to school, there’s _______ time left.

14.He wanted to drink __________ orange juice

3.ago/ before

ago 只用于一般过去时,表示从现在算起的一段时间以前。

[例]He died two years ago.他是两年前去世的。

before 后接“时间点”,可用于任何时态;它也可放在“时间段”后,

用于完成时或一般过去时。

[例] I got there before 5 o’clock.我五点钟前到达那里。

I never saw him before.我以前没见过他。

He had done it two days before.他两天前就做过此事。

I met him three years ago .(距今)三年前,我遇到他。

I had met him three years before .(距当时)三年前我见到他一次。

1.I remember seeing you somewhere 2 years______.

2.I have read the novel______.

3.She said she had met Tom two days______.

4.She has been there since 3 years_______.

5.How long_____did you get to know her?

..........................................................................

4. already/ yet/still

1) already 意为“已经”,常用于肯定句,与完成时和进行时连用为多。

用于疑问句时表示问话人持怀疑、惊异的态度。如:

Is it Sunday already?已经到星期天啦?

I have already finished it.我已经做完了。

(2)yet 通常用于疑问句和否定句,在疑问句中作“已经”解,

在否定句中作“还”、“尚未”解。如:

I haven’t learned it yet.我还不知此事。

Has he come yet?他还没有来?(表疑问)

( )1.——Have you travelled on the train .

——Yes, I have.

(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet

( )2.——Have you finished your homework

——Not .

(A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just

( )3. We haven't finished our homework .

(A)already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never

( )4.——Have you learned English?

——Yes, I've learned a lot.

(A)never,ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)already.ever ( )5.——Have you finihed your homework ?

——Yes,I've done that

(A)yet,already (B)already, yet (C)ever,never (D)still,just

( )6.John's father borrowed some pictures

(A)have already (B)has just

(C)have ever (D)has yet

( )7.He finished his homework yet

(A)doesn’t (B)haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have

.......................................................................... 5.arrive / reach/ get

(1) arrive vi.

arrive + in + 大地方(国家、城市等)

arrive + at + 小地方(村庄、车站、码头等)

He arrived in Nanning last week. 他上星期来到南宁。

He arrive at the railway station.

(2) get vi.\get to + 名词

When did you get to the station yesterday?你昨天什么时候到达火车站?

(3)reach vt.\reach + 名词

Please write to me when you reach Beijing.你到北京后请给我写信。

当reach、arrive、get后接地点副词here、there、home时,不能后接任何介词。如:I got/ arrive/ reached home late yesterday.我昨天很晚才到家。

1. When did Jim ______ subway station?

A. get

B. reach

C. arrive to

D. reach to

2. I usually ______at about 5 o'clock in the afternoon.

A. get to home

B. arrive at home

C. arrive in home

D. get home

3. - Why are you in such a hurry?

- We‘re supposed to _____ the shop early.

A. get to

B. arrive

C. arrive in

D. reach at

4 When did you arrive _______ the village?

A. in

B. at

C. to

D. with

5. Don’t forget to write to as soon as you _______ Australia.

A. arrive

B. reach

C. get

D. come

6. Jackie usually ______ home at five in the afternoon.

A. arrive at

B. gets to

C. arrives in

D. gets

..........................................................................

6. agree with/ agree on/ agree to

(1)agree with(sb.)表示“与……意见一致”。

I don’t agree with you. 我不同意你的意见。

(2)agree to(sth.)宾语一般为suggestion、plan等,“同意计划、安排”。

We all agreed to your plan. 我们同意你的计划。

(3)agree on 表示“双方就...达成一致协议”。

China and the U.S.A. agreed on the place and time for the next meeting.

中美双方就下次会议的时间、地点问题达成了协议。..........................................................................

7. a bit/ a little

二者都有“一点儿”的意思,用法上既有相同点,也有不同点。

(1)相同点:都用来修饰形容词、副词及其比较级,也可修饰动词。

Get up a bit/ a little earlier, and you will see the star. 起早一点你就会看到星星了。

(2)不同点:①a little+不可数名词, a bit of+不可数名词(a bit后不能跟名词)

He ate a little food/ a bit of food this morning.他今天早上吃了一点食物。

②a little 与a bit 和否定词连用,意义大不相同。

not a little 很,非常;\ not a bit 一点也不

The shoes are very nice . but I think the size is ____small for you . A.a few B.a little C.a bit of

我在办护照时遭遇到了一点麻烦.

I had __________________trouble getting my passport.( a bit of,a little)

......................................................................

8.by the way/ on the way/ in the way

(1)by the way 常用作状语,意为“顺便问一下”,“顺便说一下”。

(2)on the way “在……的路上”,后接名词时需加介词to,

后接副词home、here、there时不加to。

(3)in the way “挡路、妨碍”。

例]Your car is in the way.你的小汽车挡路了。

He bought a pen on his/ the way to school.他在上学的路上买了一枝钢笔。

By the way, how old are you?顺便问一下,你多大了?..........................................................................

9. be afraid/ be afraid of/ be afraid for

(1)be afraid意为“害怕”,如果后接宾语从句,意为“恐怕……”,

用来表示常有歉意的回话或引出令人不满意的消息。

I am afraid I can’t help you.我恐怕帮不了你的忙。

(2)be afraid of+名词/代词/动名词,意为“害怕某人/做某事”,

往往指长期具有的心理状态。 I am afraid of going out at night.我害怕晚上出去。be afraid for后习惯接表示人的代词,表示“替某人担心”。如:

I am afraid for you.我替你担心。..........................................................................

10. between/ among

这两个词都有“在……之间(中)”的意思,但用法不同:

(1)between用于表示双方之间的关系,不论双方的数目是多少。

The train runs between Beijing and Nanning.火车在北京和南宁两地间运行。There is a tree between the two houses.这两座房子之间有一棵树。

(2)among后接人或物必须是三个或三个以上,在一群、一组或一个整体中间。如:

I saw him among the crowd.我看见他在人群中。

London is among the greatest cities of the world.伦敦是世界上最大的城市之一。..........................................................................

11. borrow/ lend

(1)二者都有“借”的意思,使用时应注意以谁为中心的问题,borrow是

以“我”为中心,“借进”的意思,常与from连用。如:

I’ve borrowed two books from the library.我从图书馆借了2本书。

(2)lend是以“你”为中心,意为“借出”,常跟介词to搭配。如:

Can you lend your dictionary to me?能借你的字典给我吗?

(3)这二者都可有这样的结构:borrow sb. sth; lend sb. sth.

( ) 1. -- How long may I ______ your book?

--For a week. But you musn’t ______ it to others.

A. borrow; lend

B. keep; lend

C. lend; borrow

D. keep; borrow

..........................................................................

12. bring/ take/ fetch/ carry

(1)bring意为“带来”,指把某物从别的地方带到说话时的这个地方来。如:Remember to bring your book tomorrow.记住明天把你的书带来。

(2)take意为“带走”,即把某物带到别的地方去。

It’s going to rain. You’d be tter take an umbrella with you.

要下雨了。你最好带上一把雨伞。

(3)fetch意为“去取来某物”,它包括一个往返的过程。

如:Will you go and fetch some water?你去取一点水来,好吗?

(4)carry一般指“随身携带的细小物品”,此外还多用于汽车、火车等交通工具

意为“运载”的意思。如:

He always carries a pocket dictionary with him.他总是随身携带一本袖珍字典。The bus carried me to the park yesterday.昨天公共汽车把我拉到了公园。

Please _____ these thing _____ your sister.

Can you _____ some things to me?

Tom , I need my pen. Can you _____ it to me?

A.take

B.bring

C.have

D.have

( ) . _____ the typewriter to the next room, and ____ the recorder here.

A. Bring, take

B. Take, bring

C. Carry, take

D. Bring, carry

..........................................................................

13. beat / win

(1)beat vt. 后接的宾语一般为人或相当于人的名词,“打败……”,

“赢了……”;也经常用于被动语态。如:

We beat Class Four in the football match yesterday.昨天足球赛我们打败了四班队。Class Four was beaten in the football match yesterday.四班足球队昨天被打败了。

(2) win vt. 一般后接物或比赛作宾语,少用被动语态。如:

We won the football game.我们赢得了足球赛的胜利。

3)win 短语:

win a game 赢得比赛(游戏) win a gold medal 赢得金牌 win a prize 获奖

win the war 赢得了战争的胜利 win sb. over 把某人争取过来,说服某人..........................................................................

14. by/ with/ in

by、with、in都可以表示使用“工具”、“手段”。它们的区别是:

by表示“以……方式(方法、手段)”和“乘坐某种交通工具”;

with指“借助于具体的手段和工具”;

in表示“以……方式”,“用某种语言”。

[例]He goes to school by bike.他骑自行车上学。

Jim is climbing the tree with a ladder.吉姆用梯子爬树。

Can you say it in English?你能用英语说它吗?..........................................................................

15. be used for/ be used as/ be used by

(1)be used for 在这个短语中,介词for表用途,即“用来作……”。

A pen is used for writing.笔是用来书写的。

(2)be used as 在这个短语中,介词as表身份或工具,即“……被用作……”。

English is used as a useful tool in our country.

在我国英语被作为一个有用的工具来使用。

(3)be used by 短语中,介词by后接使用的执行者,“为……所使用”之意。

English is used by travelers and business people all over the world.

英语被世界上旅游者和商人所使用。..........................................................................

16. besides/ except / except for

(1)besides与except用于肯定句时,except意为“除……之外(不再有)”;

besides意为“除……之外(还有)”。试比较:

I have another blue pen besides this one.

除了这枝外,我还有另一枝蓝色钢笔。(1+1,共2枝)

We all passed the exam except Tom.

我们都通过了考试,汤姆除外。(整体中……汤姆一人不及格)

(2)except前几乎总有all、any、every、no及其复合词等词。

He answered all the questions except the last one.

除了最后一个问题没答外,其余问题他都答了。

(3)except后接名词、代词、动名词和原形动词,这时except=but;

但except后跟副词、介词短语时,不能用but代替。如:

The window is never open except in summer.这扇窗户从来不开,除夏季外。

He did nothing except/ but clean the house.他只是打扫了房子。

(4)except for 则主要用来谈论不同类的东西,有时含有惋惜之意(整体都很完美,就是有点小瑕疵)

His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

他的作文写得不错,只是有几处拼写错误..........................................................................

17. both/ all

这是一组代词,也可以作形容词,但要正确使用它们,必须区别他们所指的范围。

(1)both指“两者都”(=2),其否定应为neither。

His two brothers are both workers.他的两个兄弟都是工人。

They both work in our school.他们俩都在我们学校上班。

both的位置:系动词be后,实义动词前。

(2)all指“三个或三个以上都……”,否定应为none。

The students all work hard.学生们都很用功。

They are all here today.他们今天都在这里。

They are all strangers. I know none of them.

他们全是陌生人,他们当中我一个都不认识。..........................................................................

18.be anger with/ be angry about/ be angry at

(1)be angry with 后只能跟表“人”的名词或代词,意思是“生某人的气”,

其后常跟一个表原因的介词for。

The teacher was angry with me for my coming late.老师因为我来晚生气了。

(2)be angry at = be angry about意思是“因某事而愤怒”。

at或about后只能接表“事物”的名词。如:

He is angry with/ about small things.他常为一些小事生气。

He was angry about/ at missing the film.他为错过那场电影而生气。......................................................................

19. can/ be able to

(1)can表示“本能”或能够,有一般时和过去时,后接动词原形一起构成谓语。

I can sing the English song.我会唱这首英语歌。

A baby can cry when it is hungry.婴儿饿的时候会哭闹。

(2)be able to 后接动词原形,表示“能够”,多指一个人经过后天的努力

从而获取的一种“能力”,有各种时态。

If you work hard, you will be able to master English.

只要你努力,你一定能掌握好英语的。..........................................................................

20. catch a cold/ have a cold

一般情况下,这两个短语都表示“得了感冒,患了感冒”但有所侧重:

(1)catch a cold 强调动作。如:

It’s cold outside. Go into the house or you’ll catch a cold.

外面冷。到房间里去吧,不然你会感冒的。

(2)have a cold 强调状态。

I have had a cold for several day s and I can’t get rid of it.

我感冒已经好几天了,可还是好不了。......................................................................

21. die / dead/ dying/ death

(1)die 是终止性动词,不用于被动语态。

He has died.他死了。 He died five weeks ago.他五周前死的。

(2)dead是形容词,表状态,可以跟表示延续的时间状语连用。

His grandfather has been dead for five years.他的祖父去世已经有五年了。(3)death是名词。

He was sentenced to death.他被判处死刑。

(4)dying意为“要死了”,是现在分词。试比较:

a dead dog 一条死(了的)狗 a dying dog 一条“濒临死亡”的狗

初中常见的die短语:die from/ of ……因……而死...................................................................... 22. else / other

(1)else可作形容词或副词,作形容词时,常放在疑问代词、不定代词之后

作后置定语;作副词时也要后置。如:

What else did you do?你还做了些什么?

She has nothing else to say.她没有别的什么可说了。

(2)other作形容词时,用于修饰名词或某些代词,但必须前置。如:

Where are the other comrades?其他的同志在哪里?

I want some other books.我还要另外一些书。

(3)else后可带-‘s, other不能。

Who else’s bike can this be?这还可能是其他什么人的自行车呢?..........................................................................

23. ever/ once

这两个词都可解作“曾经”,但它们各自表示的时间含义不同。

(1)ever表示“到现在为止以前的任何时候”,用于现在完成时的句子,

主要用于疑问句。如:

Have you ever been to Beijing?你去过北京吗?

(2)once表示“过去某一时候”或“过去某段时间”,

多用于一般过去时态的陈述句中。如:

I once went to London with my father.我曾经和我父亲去过伦敦。

注意:once作为“一次”解时,表频率,可用于完成时。

I have been there once.我去过那里一次。.....................................................................

24. far/ away

far和away都有“远”的意思,两者的区别在于:

(1)far指抽象距离的远,away指具体距离的远。如:

The farm is very far from here.农场离这很远。

The station is five kilometres away from here.火车站离这里5千米远。

(2)far可用于疑问句,否定句中表距离,而away不可。如:

-How far is your school? 你的学校有多远?

-Not far. Only 100 metres away.不远,只有100米。..........................................................................

25. fast / quick/ quickly

(1) fast adj./ adv. 有“快”的意思,通常指“行走、跑、唱、跳”等动作的快慢。

He runs faster than I.他比我跑得快。

(2) quick adj. 有“迅速”之意,指对某一问题反映的速度。

He gave me a quick answer.他迅速地回答我的问题。

(3)quickly指接到某种口令时,做动作的速度。

Go downstairs quickly.迅速下楼。..........................................................................

26. for short/ short for

(1)for short 意为“缩写、简称、简言之”,多作状语。

The teacher told us to write the text for short.老师让我们缩写课文。

(2)short for “是……的缩写”,一般作表语。如:

“You’d” is short for “You would” or “You had”.

“You’d”是“You would”或“You had”的缩写形式。.....................................................................

27. get/ turn/ grow/ become/ be

这五个词作连系动词,都有“变化”的意思。

(1)get较口语化,表示进入或变成某种状态,通常与形容词或形容词比较级连用,表状态。 The days get shorter and shorter.日子变短了。

(2)turn 有“成为和以前完全不同的东西”的含义,后接形容词或过去分词。

The trees turn green in spring.在春天,树变绿了。

(3)grow表示逐渐变为新的状态的含义、着重变化过程。

My little brother is growing tall.我的小弟弟长高了。

(4)become用法较为正式,强调由一种状态向另一种状态的变化。后接形容词或名词。He has become a doctor.他成为一个医生了。

(5)be表示“成为”的意思,多用于将来时,祈使语气或不定式。如:

I want to be a teacher when I grow up.长大后我想成为一名教师。..........................................................................

28. go to bed/ go to sleep/ fall asleep/ be asleep

(1)go to bed 表动作,指“去睡觉”。

(2)go to sleep也表动作,指进入“睡着”状态。

(3)fall asleep表动作,意为“刚刚入睡”,指“刚睡着”这动作。

(4)be asleep表状态,意为“睡着的”。例如:

He fell asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.

他刚睡着,这时有人大声敲门。

The baby has been asleep for an hour.这孩子睡着一个小时了。

He found it difficult to go to sleep.他发现很难入睡。..........................................................................

29. how often/how soon/how long/how far

这几组词都是用来提问时间或长度的但用法不同。

①how long意为“多长/久时间”,是对句子“for…”,“since…”,

“from…to…”等表示一段时间的状语的提问,可用于过去时,将来时或完成时。如:---How long will he be away?他要离开多长时间?

---He will be away for two days.两天时间。

---How long have you been a teacher?你当老师多久了?

---For about ten years.大约10年了。

注意:how long引导的句子动词一般为延续性动词。

②how soon意为"某事多快能发生或完成",常对句子中的in…时间状语进行提问。如:---How soon will the building be finished?大楼过多久才能完工?

---In a month.一个月吧。

③how often意为"多长时间一次,每隔多久",是对句中的often, usually,

every day, sometimes, never, once a week等表示频率的副词提问,

多用于一般现在时。如:

---How often do you go to see a film?

---Once a week.---你多长时间看1次电影?---1周1次。

④how far 是对距离的提问,意为“长达……千米/米”等。如:

-How far is it from here to the park?

It is two kilometers.--从这里到公园有多远?两千米远。..........................................................................

30. hard/ hardly

(1)hard adj.& adv. 作形容词时,有“难的”,“硬的”意思,作副词时,

有“努力地”、“猛烈地”等意思。

We must work hard for our country.我们必须为祖国努力学习。

It rained hard yesterday.昨天雨下得很大。

(2) hardly adv. “简直不”、“几乎不”,在句中起否定作用。

I could hardly write at that time.那时我几乎不会写字。..........................................................................

31. hear/ hear of/ hear from

(1)hear 为及物动词,“听到”,表结果。

I can hear you clearly.我能清楚听到你说的话。

(2)hear of = hear about 为不及物动词,指某人间接地“听别人说起……”,如:

I have heard of the writer but I have never seen him.

我听人们说起这位作家,但没见过他。

(3)hear from 一般后接 sb. 指“收到……来信”。如:

Have you heard from Jim?你收到吉姆的来信了吗?..........................................................................

32. hear sb. doing sth./ hear sb. do sth.

(1)hear sb. doing sth. 结构中为-ing作宾语补足语,指动作在进行当中。如:

I hear him talking next door.我听到他正在隔壁房间讲话。

(2) hear sb. do sth.这里do sth.为宾语补足语,指动作已发生,完成了,

意思是“听到某人做了某事”,动作不再呈现,只能靠想象或回忆来叙述发

生的事情。如:

I heard her sing the song yesterday.昨天我听见她唱这首歌。

(3)大多数的感官动作(如see、watch、notice等)都可以用于这两种结构,

但意义是不相同的。要注意加以区别。..........................................................................

B. 在过去时,完成时或进行时中,不用 have got, 而用have。如:

Li Hong had a problem.李红有一个问题。

I have had the bike for three years.我买这辆自行车已经3年了。

C. 固定短语中不用have got。

have a rest/ a swim/ a wash/ a drink

have lunch, have a meeting, have a party, etc. ..........................................................................

33. hope/ wish

这两个词都有“希望”的含义,hope一般指“希望”,wish指的是“愿望”。

二者在使用上有如下区别:

(1)相同点:wish和hope都可接宾语从句。如:

I hope that he can help me.我希望他能帮助我。

I wish that I knew the answer.我希望我知道这个答案。

但hope所表示的希望一般是能够实现的,而wish所表达的愿望一般是难以实现的

或根本不可能的,所以其所接宾语从句中的动词用虚拟语气。

(2)不同点:

A. hope to do sth. (√)

hope sb. to do sth. (×)

wish sb. to do sth. (√)

B. hope sb. sth. (×)

wish sb. sth. (√)

I wish you to have a good time at the party.我希望你在晚会上玩得愉快!

I wish you a Happy New Year!祝你新年快乐!...................................................................... 34. interesting/ interested

这是两个由动词interest转化而来的分词形容词,现在分词表示进行,

表示主动意义,过去分词表示完成,表示被动意义,因此:

(1)物作主语时,表语要用-ing形容词。如:

The news is interesting.这消息是有趣的。

(2)人作主语时,表语要用-ed形容词。如:

I am interested in the book.我对这本书感兴趣。..........................................................................

35.in all/ at all/ of all/ after all

这些含有all 的短语的意义与all 的本意无关,极易混淆。

(1)in all“总计、总共”,在句中作状语

There are 60 students in our class in all.我们班共有60个学生。

(2)at all“全然,根本不”,一般用于否定句中加强语气。

She doesn’t like football at all.她一点也不喜欢足球。

(3)after all “毕竟、终究、到底”,一般置于句首或句尾作状语。

After all, he is a child.毕竟,他还是个孩子。

They finished the work after all.他们最终完成了工作。..........................................................................

36.in time/ on time/ at times

(1)in time 指“及时”,表示动作“在规定时间内”或提前发生。

We have just in time for the bus.我们正好赶上那班车。

(2)on time强调“准时,正点”。

The train came into the station on time.火车准点进站。

(3)at times = sometimes ..........................................................................

35.in front of 相对某物体的外部而言,说明某人或某物体在某个地方的

外部的前边。反义是:behind。如:

There are some trees in front of the classroom.教室的外面有一棵树。

(2)in the front of 想对于空间而言,说明人或某物在某空间的最前面,

意为“在……前部”,方位较具体。如:

The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom.

老师的讲台是在教室里的前方。

(3)before 意味“在……的前面”,可用作介词、连词、副词,

反义是after。before多用于指时间,但也可表位置。如:

Tuesday comes before Wednesday.星期三之前是星期二。

She sits before me.她坐在我前面。......................................................................

36.join/ join in/ take part in

这三个词组在汉语中都表示“参加”,但在英语使用中是有区别的:

(1)join通常指参加某种固定的组织、团队、军队等,强调成为其中一员。

He joined the party in 1927.他1927年入党。

(2)join sb. (in) doing sth.“和某人一起干某事”。

Why not join us in buying Susan gift?为什么不和我们一起去给苏珊买礼物呢?

(3)join表示“参加某项活动”时,和take part in 可换用,但前者侧重娱乐、欣赏,而后者更侧重身体力行,参加在其中。例:

She has never joined/ taken part in such an interesting game.

她从未参加过这么有趣的游戏。

(4)take part in 指参加各种活动,包括文娱、体育、比赛、斗争、罢工等。如:

Are you going to take part in/ join in the discussion?你要参加讨论吗?

(5)这几组词都是终止星动词,用于完成时的句子时不能跟延续的时间状语连用。如:

He has joined the league for five years. (×)

He has been a league member for five years. (√)他入团已经有5年了。.......................................................................

37.keep doing sth./ keep sb. doing sth.

在这两个结构中,keep后有无sb. 意义是不相同的。

(1) keep doing sth. 意为“不断/反复/坚持做某事”,动作是主语本身发出来的。如:

He kept asking us to remember teamwork.他不断地叫我们记住合作。

Keep doing sth. = keep on doing sth.

(2) keep sb. doing sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,keep在这里有

"使...处于某状态”之意,doing的动作不是主语来完成,而是由宾语sb.来完成的.例如:

I keep them waiting at the gate.我让他们在大门口等候。.....................................................................

38. loud/ loudly

这两个词都可作adv. ,意为“响亮地,大声地”但loudly多含有“吵闹”之意。

另外,loud有比较级。如:

Please speak louder.请大声点说。

Who is knocking at the door so loudly?谁在那么使劲地敲门?..........................................................................

39. lift/ rise

这两个动词均可表示“升高”的意思,但用法有差异。

(1) lift vt. 是指用人力或机械力量“举起、升起”某具体物件。

Please lift your hands if you know the answer.如果你们知道答案,请举手。

(2)rise vi. 常用于表示某物本身“由低处升到高处”,

其主语常是日、月、水、云、雾、物价、温度等。

The waters of the river has risen a lot after the heavy rain.

大雨之后,喝水上涨了许多。..........................................................................

40.lose/ miss

这两个词都有“丢失、失去”的意思,但程度上强弱不同。

(1)lose语气较强,一般指失去不易找回。

He lost his parents when he was young.他小时候失去了父母。

(2)miss有“发现失去”的意思,指东西找不到,但有找到的希望。

I am afraid that Jim will miss a lot of lessons.我担心吉姆将会缺很多课。

(3)作定语、表语时,用lost或missing表示“丢失了的,不见了……”

Who has found my lost/missing pen?谁发现我丢失了的钢笔?

My money is lost/missing.我的钱丢了.

..........................................................................

41.look/ look like/ seem

(1)look与seem均可作连系动词,意为“看起来”,但look着重于由视觉得出的印象;

seem暗示有一定的根据,这种判断往往接近事实。这时结构是look/ seem+形容词。

Mr. Smith looks/ seems young very much.史密斯先生看上去很年轻。

(2)look可与介词like连用构成习语,表示“看上去像……”,如:

The girl looks like her sister.这女孩和她姐姐长得相像。

(3)seem后接to do 或用于句型It seems that…或There seems to be句型中。如:

John seems to know much about China.约翰好象很了解中国。

It seems that they know each other.好象他们彼此很熟悉。

There seems to be something wrong with my watch.我的手表好象有些毛病。..........................................................................

42.look for/ find/ find out

(1)look for “寻找”,强调动作。

I am looking for my pen.我在找钢笔。

(2)find “找到”,强调结果。

I looked for it everywhere but I couldn’t find it.我到处找了可就是找不到它。

(3)find out “查明真相,弄清缘由”,强调经过费时、周折、

调查到最后得到认证的一种结果。如:

At last the police found out who murdered the old woman.

最后警方查明了是谁谋杀了老太太。..........................................................................

43.look/ see/ watch/ notice/read

这五个词都有“看”的意思,但用法不同:

(1)look为不及物动词,一般后接介词at使用,表动作。如:

Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。

(2)see 指人肉眼所能涉及的范围,表示结果“看见”。

Can you see the word clearly?你能清楚看到这个字了吗?

固定短语:see a film; see sb. off (给某人送行);let me see.

(3)watch= look at sb./ sth. carefully“仔细观看,注视”。

May I watch TV now?我现在可以看电视吗?

固定短语:watch TV; on watch(值班、守望);watch a football match

(4)notice“注意到,提醒别人注意”等意思,汉语中常有“通知、启示、告示”之意。例如:The thief looked around the house.

When he made sure that no one was noticing him,

he jumped into the room through the open window.

小偷向房子四周张望,当他确信没人注意他的时候,迅速从开着的窗户跳进房间。

(5)read 只用于指看书或看其他杂志......................................................................

44.may be/ maybe

(1)maybe 是副词,“也许”,相当于perhaps。maybe只能放于句首,不能放于句中,如:Maybe he won’t come. 也许他不会来。

(2)may be 是谓语形式,其中may是情态动词,be是连系动词,表示“也许是”、

小升初英语复习试题及答案

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人教版小升初英语试题及参考答案一、把不同类的单词找出来,将其序号填在括号里。(10分) ()1.A.spring B.summer C.weather ()2.A.juice https://www.360docs.net/doc/397167427.html,k C.book ()3.A.tree B.desk C.window ()4.A.sunny B.rain C.cloudy ()5.A.the B.near C.behind ()6.A.singing B.speak C.playing ()7.A.hand B.ear C.cold ()8.A.seven B.six C.eighth ()9.A.black B.America C.red ()10.A.goodbye B.teacher C.student 二、选择正确的选项,填写在前面的括号内。(20分) ()1.--_______is his football?--It’s under the bed.

A.Where B.Who C.What ()2.--Thank you very much!--________. A.You're right B.All right C.You are welcome ()3.Which season do you like________? A.better B.good C.best ()4.The red car is________than the black one. A.nice B.nicer C.very nice ()5.It's very hot_____summer in Beijing. A.on B.at C.in ()6.Can you sing the song in English?--No,I____. A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't ()7.--What did you do last weekend?--I did my homework and _____TV. A.watch B.watched C.am watching

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