英语写作模板及课堂笔记

英语写作模板及课堂笔记

主讲人:张宇

大作文

Ⅰ.命题规律

1、命题形式:

①图画作文:从未考过

②图表作文:柱状图chart,曲线图curve,表格table,饼状图pie(2006、2007、

2010~2012)

③文字作文:2005年(汉语),2008年(汉语),2009年(英语)

2、内容

①数字变化类:2006、2007、2008、2010、2011、2012

②优缺点类:2005、2009

③问题解决类

④A/B选择类

⑤意义影响类

⑥观点论述类

Ⅱ.评分标准

内容的完整性、连贯性,语法结构的多样性

【评分标准】

第五档(A节:9~10分;B节:13~15分)很好地完成了试题规定的任务。

◆包含所有内容要点;

◆使用丰富的语法结构和词汇;

◆语言自然流畅,语法错误极少;

◆有效地采用了多种衔接手法,文字连贯,层次清晰;

◆格式与语域恰当贴切。

对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。

第四档(A节:7~8分;B节:10~12分)较好地完成了试题规定的任务。

◆包含所有内容要点,允许漏掉1~2个次重点;

◆使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇;

◆语言基本准确,只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别错误;

◆采用了适当的衔接手法,层次清晰,组织较严密;

◆格式与语域较恰当。

对目标读者产生了预期的效果。

第三档(A节:5~6分;B节:7~9分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。

◆虽漏掉一些内容,但包含多数内容要点;

◆应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求;

◆有一些语法与词汇错误,但不影响理解;

◆采用了简单的衔接手法,内容较连贯,层次较清晰;

◆格式与语域基本合理。

对目标读者基本产生了预期的效果。

第二档(A节:3~4分;B节:4~6分)未能按要求完成试题规定的任务。

◆漏掉或未能有效阐述一些内容要点,写了一些无关内容;

◆语法结构单调、词汇项目有限;

◆有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解;

◆未采用恰当的衔接手法,内容缺少连贯性;

◆格式和语域不恰当。

未能清楚地把信息传达给读者。

第一档(A节:1~2分;B节:1~3分)未完成试题规定的任务。

◆明显遗漏主要内容,且有许多不相关的内容;

◆语法项目和词汇的使用单调、重复;

◆语言错误多,有碍读者对内容的理解,语言运用能力差;

◆未使用任何衔接手法,内容不连贯、缺少组织、分段;

◆无格式与语域概念。

未能把信息传达给读者。

零档(0分,奇葩)所传达的信息或所用语言太少,无法评价;内容和要求无关或无法辨认。Ⅲ.高分作文

⒈卷面整洁,字迹清晰

⒉结构模式化

①字数要求:≥150词,最好在170词左右

②只能写3段(第一段点题,第二段主体论证,第三段结论)

③功能句(三段三句)

第一段:点题部分

【主题句】

数字变化类(图表型):

As is illustrated in the chart (curve / table / pie), the number of A is roughly B in C, approximately D in E, and around F in G. Apparently, ……

如图所示,A的数字在C年大约是B,在D年大约是E,在F年大约是G。很显然,……注意:若有多年的数字,最多只能选择3个,而且应是变化幅度最大的3个。

数字变化类(文字型):

The past few years, witnessed a dramatic rise of the number of …. It is reported that …(3个增长)

在过去的几年,XX的数字出现了戏剧般的增长。据报道,……

优缺点类:(严禁抄写Direction)

In recent years, XX is getting increasingly prevalent and playing an increasingly significant role in our life. However, ……

近年来,XX变得越来越普遍,并在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用。但是……

问题解决类:

In recent years, an increasing number of people from various spheres are concerned with XX. How to cope with ……

近年来,越来越多来自不同领域的人都在关注XX问题。

第二段:主体部分

数字变化类:分析变化的原因

优缺点类:只写优点

问题解决类:解决方式(最多写三条)

【主题句】

数字变化类:

What accounts for the enormous increase? From my perspective, at least 3 factors contribute to the change.

巨大增长的原因是什么?以我来看,至少有3种因素导致了这种变化。

优缺点类:

As far as I’m concerned, I’m in favor of the former / later view, and contend that XX is blessing.

就我而言,我支持前/后者的看法,并坚决认为XX是福。

问题解决类:

As a matter of fact, there are various approaches which can contribute to resolution of the trouble, (but in my opinion, the following will work better.)

事实上,有各种各样的办法都能促成该问题的解决。(就我而言,下面的方式会更有效。)第三段:结论部分

数字变化类:

As the society further develops, the rising trend is bound to continue for a few years in the future. As far as I am concerned, it is a positive/negative change and should be stimulated/reversed, for its beneficial/threat not merely to individuals but to the society.

就我而言,这是一个积极/消极的变化,应该加以鼓励/逆转,不仅有利于/有害于个人,还有利于/有害于社会。

优缺点类:

As is known to all, … is neither good nor bad, its effect on people depends, to a large extent, on people’s attitude toward it and how to make use of it. Provided that we hold an appropriate attitude, and make a proper use of it, … is bound to benefit us in more than one way.

众所周知,XX本身并没有好坏之分,它对人们的影响很大程度上取决于人们对其的态度和使用方法。只要我们有一个正确的态度并合理利用,XX一定会在很多方面对我们有利。

问题解决类:

Of course, the resolution of the problem is anything but a easy job, and calls for governments’ measures and the public’s efforts. With effective measures, coupled with considerable efforts, the problem is bound to be resolved in the near future.

当然,解决这个问题并不是轻而易举的事,需要政府的措施和公众的努力。有了有效的措施和大众的巨大努力,该问题一定会在不远的未来得到解决。

rather than 宁愿other than 除了more than 不仅仅,不局限于

no more than / nothing more than 仅仅,只不过

nothing but / anything but 而不,而不是

⒊论证条理化

第二段:原因(图表类);优点(优缺点类);方法(解决方式类)

每一条都应该有普遍性和独立性

数字变化类(原因):

1、t he rapid rising income 收入的增加

2、t he turning of people’s attitudes toward and outlook on life 人们态度及

观念的转变

3、t he bettering policies 更好的政策

4、t he improved qualities of products or services 服务或产品质量的改善

5、t he reduced cost of … 低廉的成本

6、t he abundant supplies 充足的供应

7、t he more convenient channels 更便捷的渠道

优缺点类:(优点)

1、has enormously transformed the way for us to do … XX极大的转变了我们…的方式

e.g:to communicate with friends and relatives

to travel short or long distance

2、make it easier and more convenient for us to … XX让我们…更便捷

3、abound out activities and thus enrich our life 提高了生活质量,丰富了业余活动

4、keep us while informed of the outside world 及时了解外部世界的信息

5、… reduce our cost of … ……的出现,降低了……的成本

6、extend our social circle 扩大社交圈

7、serve as a help in emergency 在突发情况中起帮助作用

问题解决类(方法):

1、educate people 教育了人们

2、lay down and enforce laws or regulations 制订和强制执行相关法规

3、set and award good examples 树立好的典型并给予奖励

4、improve the existing facilities 改善现有的设施

5、find or develop proper substitutes 找到并发展适当的替代品

⒋语言要多样化(4~6 words,3~5 sentences)

①关于about → concerning …, … / when it comes to …, … / with respect

to …, …

②不同different → vary / various

③认为think/believe → hold / argue / maintain / insist / contend

e.g:When it comes to …, however, people’s views vary from one to another. And some people argue that … is blessing, while others maintain that … is hell.

【优缺点第一段第二句适用】然而,关于XX,不同的人有不同的看法。有人认为XX是福,

有人则认为XX是祸。

④支持support → be in favor of …

⑤首先first/ firstly → to begin with, … / to start with, … / in the first place, … /

first of all, …

⑥其次s econd → More importantly, … / In addition, … / What’s more, … /

Further more, … / meanwhile, …

⑦最后finally

⑧显然obvious → apparent / evident

⑨在增加/增长:be on the rise

e.g:It’s apparent that / Apparently, the number of … has been on the dramatic rise over the past few years.

【图表数字类第一段第二句适用】显然,…的数字在过去几年来一直在戏剧化地增长。

⑩解决solve → resolve / cope with

e.g:How to cope with the trouble has become a big issue nowadays.

【问题解决类第一段第二句适用】如何解决这个问题已经成为现如今的热点问题。

11因为because → be closely related to … / be closely linked to … / be closely contr ibuted with … / has a lot to do with …

e.g:【适用于数字变化类第二段第二句】

To begin/start with, the change is closely related to the rapid rising income of Chinese people.

首先,这一改变与中国人收入的增加密切相关。

What’s more, the change has a lot to do with the turning of people’s attitude toward and outlook on life.

其次,这种转变改变了人们的生活态度/观念。

Finally, the bettering policies stimulated the change.

最后,日益完善的政策刺激了这种改变。

12意识到realize → become aware that

e.g:【适用于问题解决类第二段第二句】

To begin with, people should be educated to become aware that everyone can play his own role in the resolution of the problem.

首先,应该教育人们在解决问题上都能贡献出自己的力量。

In addition, relevant laws or regulations should be laid down and enforced to prevent the situation from deteriorate.

其次,应制订并执行相关法律和法规以防止事态恶化。

Finally, good examples should be set and awared to guide or direct the publics behaviors.

最后,应建立及奖励正面典型或指引公众的行为。

Ⅳ.通用模板平面图(XX视文章取材而定)

⑵变化,⑷原因,⑵结论

柱状图chart,曲线图curve,表格table,饼状图pie

首先:To begin with, … / To start with, … / In the first place, … / First of all, …

其次:More importantly,… / In addition,… / What’s more,… / Further more, … / meanwhile, …

数字变化类:

模板:

As is illustrated in the table, the number of (noun)is roughly

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高考英语写作模板大全

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