托福写作举例子的方法：粗例和细例
托福写作举例子的方法：粗例和细例
托福写作基本上就是要求考生对自己提出的分论点进行解释和说明的，这个过程中考生少不了要使用例子，希望考生能把这些值得借鉴的地方灵活地运用到实际写作当中。
如动物→鸟类，现代交通方式→飞机，上面的举例是最简单的形式，即对单个词/短语，或说单个对象举例。我们在独立写作中会遇到对单个对象的举例，这也是大家都能做好的;但我们更常遇到的是需要对一个句子，或说多个对象互相联系而串成的观点举例的情况，这时我们就需要留意我们所举的例子的有效性了。
举例的基本原则：
a. 细节性原则----细于被举例者。
b. 一致性原则----良好体现与要用举例证明的观点的一致对应关系，观点中的重点信息应在例子中不多不少地体现。
举例的具体操作方法:
粗举，细举，引调查，列数字。
(1)粗例----粗犷的例子
"粗例"即一类人、物或事，或一个公认事实的例子，说白了就是多数人都能认可的信息。寻找这类例子的时候比较轻松，只要在观点中找出可以继续细化的重点信息然后"narrow down"就可以了。
观点1：Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants.
粗例1：International companies desire bilingual employees and offer higher salaries to attract them.
"粗例"可以建立"面"对"线"的关系，但需要注意不能太空洞，同时也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析、比较论证来使用，才能使整个段落更有血肉。
(2)细例----细致的例子
"细例"就是具体到一个人、一个物，或一件事，可以是实际存在的，也可以无中生有。这类例子更加鲜活，更有说服力，通常也能占据更长一些的篇幅，平时有意识地积累并灵活联系，写起这类例子来才会更加得心应手。
a. 实际存在的，一方面，这类例子可以是身边，家人、朋友、自己和身边发生的一些事情;另一方面就是名人和一些被报道出来的“名事”了。
观点2：Mistakes serve as vivid, sometimes painful deterrents from certain action.
细例2：A friend of mine suffering from smoking-induced lung disease would remember the emotional and physical pain associated with the side-effects of tobacco usage. Not only does he recall the smell of hospitals, the imprint of pain on the face of someone who died from smoking, but he would also link these memories immediately with cigarettes.
观点3：You cannot judge a person only by his or her appearance.
细例3：Susan Boyle is one of those. Such an appearance has long been rumored, but her incredible voice and stunning performance on BGT has won her great popularity.
b. 此外，"细例"的无中生有就是假设论证，常用if，supposing等开头
观点4：Individuals play a significant role in alleviating traffic congestion
细例4：If 30 people get on a public bus instead of 30 individual cars, there will be far fewer automobiles on the road, greatly easing the traffic burden
"细例"可以建立"面"对"点"的关系，读者容易理解，但也要注意不能太松散，应紧扣要证明的观点，明显突出观点中的重点信息，宁缺毋滥;细例子有时自身的字数貌似就已经可以撑起一个段落，但即便如此也一定不能把例子描述完就完了，必要的动作是在最后加上一两句总结或评论。
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来源于：时代焦点
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论证方法
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个题目，也是一样的，“具有挑战性的梦想”与“现实的目标”感觉远不如老托福里面的“是否建立工厂”好想理由。 但是如果我们对于领导力进行举例，我们自然而然的就会想到乔布斯，是一个超伟大的大企业家，乔布斯有什么过人的能力呢。1创新能力，否则不会有iphone与ipad; 2审美能力，否则Mac的字体不会那么漂亮，iphone也不会那么完美;3坚韧不拔的能力，否则也不会建立皮克斯东山再起。再来想创新能力，我们可以通过旅游来获得，什么可以通过学习来获得，坚韧可以通过体育来获得。到这，不也就找到了写作的方向了么。 再比如说现实的梦想，还是挑战性的梦想，我们也可以进行举例。现实的梦想：1去海南旅游;2考全班前5 ;3给父母买礼物。为什么要做这些事情呢?1去海南旅游，可以多游泳，锻炼身体; 2考全班前5，可以激发自己的积极性，告诉自己通过自己的努力可以实现; 3给父母买礼物，可以增进家庭成员的感情。这不就有很好的理由了么。 实例讲解二 题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there’s no need for the government to help them.人们是否能不靠上级部门的关注，自己解决重要问题。
托福独立写作八大话题
托福独立写作八大话题 众所周知，托福独立写作是托福写作的一部分，涉及到的题材也非常多。下面是文都国际教育小编给大家整理的8个常见的写作话题，希望能给大家提供帮助。 教育类话题 教育类话题主要涉及到学生的一些基本情况，包括选课、就业、学校活动以及课下作业等很多方面。此外，学校的一些决策、设备变更、教师选择等也都有涉及。教育类话题在托福写作中的占比很高，在历年托福写作考试中大概占据25%左右的题目。 高分句型：现在，除了学习以外，还应鼓励学生们在其他很多方面培养兴趣，例如体育，绘画和音乐等。 —>Today, in addition to_____, a student is also encouraged to _____ 满分词汇：培养(某种素质) —> cultivate/foster/nurture(vts)心理健康—> psychological soundness/well-being/welfare(nouns) 社会类话题 社会类话题涉及的范围很广，主要是指一些社会话题、事件以及观点类问题。例如：Do you agree or disagree that society benefits more from works of greatartists than from political leaders.是否同意：艺术家比政治家对社会的贡献大。 高分句型：摩天大厦造的环境问题，很多人开始反思摩天大楼是否必要. —>With these problems and the effect _____ has exerted on _____,many people have begun to wonder _____. 满分词汇：生活节奏加速—> the tempo/pace of life has accelerated导致人与人的疏远—> create alienation between people 科技类话题 说到“科技”，我们可能会想到现在日益发展的手机、电脑以及各种各样新出现的科技产品等。这些科技产品使得我们的生活变得更加便利，高效。 高分句型：互联网对人们的生活方式产生了深远的影响，它变革了人们生活方式以及思考问题的方式。 —> _____ exerts such a profound effect on _____that _____. 满分词汇：尖端的技术—> cutting-edged(adj) technology信息爆炸—> information explosion/ information overload
如何写好托福写作例子
如何写好托福写作例子 托福*应该如何做到内容丰满，观点有力呢?今天给大家带来了如何写好托福写作例子，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 如何写好托福写作例子 一.具体的例子 Topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The students in university should not do any part-time jobs. Position: Disagree Reason: Doing part-time jobs can intensify our social ability. Exemplification: Take myself for example. When I was a fresh man，I found it really hard to get along with people around me. Then I was advised to take a job as a waiter in the restaurant during which I had chances to communicate with different customers, making them satisfied with my “smile” service. After a year, I myself can realize that I have become more outgoing and understanding. 写一个很具体例子的时候同学们要注意几个问题：
托福独立写作技巧之因果法
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时间对比在托福写作中的应用
时间对比在托福写作中的应用在托福考试中，写作相对来说是比较容易得分的一个单项。文都国际教育小编称，托福写作分为综合写作和独立写作。综合写作主要考查考生的阅读、听力和写作综合能力，对于听力比较好的考生来说，综合写作并不是特别难。 独立写作就是标准的议论文，对一个话题进行论述分析。独立写作涉及的范围更广一些，不仅包含了议论文写作的基本概念、框架结构、逻辑衔接，还包含了对各种话题的涉猎。总的来说，托福独立写作的题型主要包含了二选一、三选一、绝对词题、今昔对比题、事实现象题、以及should题。 虽然独立写作需要掌握的内容众多，但是对于绝大部分考生来说，如何充分论证一个观点的同时又具有很好的衔接关系是最大的一个难题。考生们写独立写作最大的共鸣就是没有那么多话好说。我们都知道，一篇议论文的论证方法有很多：举例论证，原因论证，结果论证，对比论证，假设论证，解释说明，数据支撑等等。但是如何针对不同题型有效应用这些论证方法是一大难题。 在上述论证方法中，对比论证在托福写作中应该是应用得比较多的一种论证方法，主要包含一件事物的正反对比，通常在二选一，三选一和should的考试题型中应用较为广泛。第二种对比思路是时间对比概念，即拿过去与现在对比，通常用于今昔对比题和有变化概念题中比较多，常用句型一般是：In the past… Nowadays, however,… 本文中，文都国际教育老师将结合原创范文，重点分析对比论证中的时间对比概念在几种题型中的应用，希望能给广大考生们授之以渔。 1. 今昔对比题 今昔对比题应该是托福写作考试中的重点题型之一，TPO以及历年真题中都会出现很多这种题型的题目，通常会拿现在与过去进行比较，也会存在与将来进行比较。遇见这种题型的时候，考生可以用到时间对比的概念来论证解题。比如，我们可以看一看TPO上面的两道今昔对比考题。
托福写作范文举例：拯救地球资源
托福写作范文举例：拯救地球资源 托福写作范文举例：拯救地球资源 Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources, such as forest s, animals, or clean water. Choose one resource that is disappearing and explain w hy it needs to be saved . Use specific reasons and examples to support your opini on. 世界上大部分地区的自然资源都正在消失，比如森林、动物、净水。选择一种正在消失的资源并解释为什么它需要拯救。用具体的原因和例子阐明你的观点。 托福写作范文举例：英文例文 Many natural resources are disappointed of being wasted on our planet every day. One of the most important resources we are abusing is our trees. Each year , hun dreds of thousands of acres of trees disappear in countries all around the world . I n some countries , these trees are used for fuel. In other countries , trees are destr oyed to build housing developments and shopping centers. Saving trees has beco me a major cultural and economical issue in many of the world. Trees are essential to our survival . They are a major part of the process of ph otosynthesis . Photosynthesis is the process in which green plants use carbon diox ide to produce oxygen ,and oxygen is something all of us need . The fewer trees t here are ,the more this affects our ability to breathe. Trees are also important in the development of many medicines. The mainstr eam medical establishment did not recognize this for many years. However , those who use natural medicines have always known how important trees are. Now scie ntists are agreeing with them. Many drugs come from the leaves of certain trees, a long with other herds and plants. In rural areas, farmers have always known how important trees are to soil con servation. This is why you’ll usually see trees lining a field . Tree rots help keep th e soil in place, and are also a factor in water distribution deep beneath the ground. Finally ,we should save trees from disappearing because they provide so muc h pleasure. ‘I think that I shall never see a poem as lovely as a tree,’ wrote a poe t . That is the truth . A tall , stately tree is beautiful to look at, and pleasing to the s
托福写作常见两种写作格式
托福写作常见两种写作格式 托福写作和托福口语是托福考试中的主观题，不仅仅是客观题有做题技巧，主观题也要一定得的答题技巧。今天给大家带来了托福写作常见两种写作格式,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。 托福写作常见两种写作格式 托福作文格式一 此类结构是双边倾向性结构，是双边结构中的一种。对大多数中国学生来说，双边结构较单边结构最大的优点是论证过程比较容易扩展。双边论证指正文两段分别论述下两个观点或优缺点。 可以做一个有趣的比喻，托福写作中双边论证的结构就像是在打一场官司，引言段引出话题，可以看作是书记员来宣布审理的案件，正文两段分别是两个观点，可以理解为被告和原告的辩护律师来列举对自己有利的证据，结尾段得出观点，即法官在总结了被告原告律师的发言后，得出自己的答案，同意哪一方，是否定罪。具体格式如下： Introduction
Background+ My Opinion / Layout Body: 1. Opinion One/ Advantage Topic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences + Reason Two + Supporting Sentences 2. Opinion Two/ Disadvantage Topic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences + Reason Two + Supporting Sentences + Reason Three + Supporting Sentences Conclusion: Statement of My Opinion (for opinion two/ more disadvantages than advantages) 托福作文格式二 第二种托福作文格式中supporting sentences在议论文中的体现方式是一些论证方法，如举例子(exemplification)，对比对照(contrast comparison)，列数据(raising figures)，让步(making concession)等来对自己支持的观点进行论证，使考官信服。