物理学名词

1/4波片quarter-wave plate

CG矢量耦合系数Clebsch-Gordan vector coupling coefficient; 简称“CG[矢耦]系数”。X射线摄谱仪X-ray spectrograph

X射线衍射X-ray diffraction

X射线衍射仪X-ray diffractometer

[玻耳兹曼]H定理[Boltzmann] H-theorem

[玻耳兹曼]H函数[Boltzmann] H-function

[彻]体力body force

[冲]击波shock wave

[冲]击波前shock front

[狄拉克]δ函数[Dirac] δ-function

[第二类]拉格朗日方程Lagrange equation

[电]极化强度[electric] polarization

[反射]镜mirror

[光]谱线spectral line

[光]谱仪spectrometer

[光]照度illuminance

[光学]测角计[optical] goniometer

[核]同质异能素[nuclear] isomer

[化学]平衡常量[chemical] equilibrium constant

[基]元电荷elementary charge

[激光]散斑speckle

[吉布斯]相律[Gibbs] phase rule

[可]变形体deformable body

[克劳修斯-]克拉珀龙方程[Clausius-] Clapeyron equation

[量子]态[quantum] state

[麦克斯韦-]玻耳兹曼分布[Maxwell-]Boltzmann distribution

[麦克斯韦-]玻耳兹曼统计法[Maxwell-]Boltzmann statistics

[普适]气体常量[universal] gas constant

[气]泡室bubble chamber

[热]对流[heat] convection

[热力学]过程[thermodynamic] process

[热力学]力[thermodynamic] force

[热力学]流[thermodynamic] flux

[热力学]循环[thermodynamic] cycle

[事件]间隔interval of events

[微观粒子]全同性原理identity principle [of microparticles]

[物]态参量state parameter, state property

[相]互作用interaction

[相]互作用绘景interaction picture

[相]互作用能interaction energy

[旋光]糖量计saccharimeter

[指]北极north pole, N pole

[指]南极south pole, S pole

[主]光轴[principal] optical axis

[转动]瞬心instantaneous centre [of rotation]

[转动]瞬轴instantaneous axis [of rotation]

t 分布student's t distribution

t 检验student's t test

Ｋ俘获K-capture

Ｓ矩阵S-matrix

ＷＫＢ近似WKB approximation

Ｘ射线X-ray

Γ空间Γ-space

α粒子α-particle

α射线α-ray

α衰变α-decay

β射线β-ray

β衰变β-decay

γ矩阵γ-matrix

γ射线γ-ray

γ衰变γ-decay

λ相变λ-transition

μ空间μ-space

χ 分布chi square distribution

χ 检验chi square test

阿贝不变量Abbe invariant

阿贝成象原理Abbe principle of image formation

阿贝折射计Abbe refractometer

阿贝正弦条件Abbe sine condition

阿伏伽德罗常量Avogadro constant

阿伏伽德罗定律Avogadro law

阿基米德原理Archimedes principle

阿特伍德机Atwood machine

艾里斑Airy disk

爱因斯坦-斯莫卢霍夫斯基理论Einstein-Smoluchowski theory 爱因斯坦场方程Einstein field equation

爱因斯坦等效原理Einstein equivalence principle

爱因斯坦关系Einstein relation

爱因斯坦求和约定Einstein summation convention

爱因斯坦同步Einstein synchronization

爱因斯坦系数Einstein coefficient

安[培]匝数ampere-turns

安培[分子电流]假说Ampere hypothesis

安培定律Ampere law

安培环路定理Ampere circuital theorem

安培计ammeter

安培力Ampere force

安培天平Ampere balance

昂萨格倒易关系Onsager reciprocal relation

凹面光栅concave grating

凹面镜concave mirror

凹透镜concave lens

奥温电桥Owen bridge

巴比涅补偿器Babinet compensator

巴耳末系Balmer series

白光white light

摆pendulum

板极plate

伴线satellite line

半波片halfwave plate

半波损失half-wave loss

半波天线half-wave antenna

半导体semiconductor

半导体激光器semiconductor laser

半衰期half life period

半透[明]膜semi-transparent film

半影penumbra

半周期带half-period zone

傍轴近似paraxial approximation

傍轴区paraxial region

傍轴条件paraxial condition

薄膜干涉film interference

薄膜光学film optics

薄透镜thin lens

保守力conservative force

保守系conservative system

饱和saturation

饱和磁化强度saturation magnetization

本底background

本体瞬心迹polhode

本影umbra

本征函数eigenfunction

本征频率eigenfrequency

本征矢[量] eigenvector

本征振荡eigen oscillation

本征振动eigenvibration

本征值eigenvalue

本征值方程eigenvalue equation

比长仪comparator

比荷specific charge; 又称“荷质比(charge-mass ratio)”。比热[容] specific heat [capacity]

比色高温计colorimetric pyrometer

比体积specific volume; 曾用名“比容”。

比耶对切透镜Billet split lens

比重specific gravity, specific weight

比重瓶pycnometer

毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law

闭管closed pipe

避雷针lightning rod

边界条件boundary condition

边缘效应edge effect

边值关系boundary relation

边值问题boundary-value problem

变分法variational method

变量variable

变压器transformer

变质量系variable-mass system

变阻器rheostat

遍历假说ergodic hypothesis

遍历性ergodicity

标定scaling

标量scalar

标量波理论scalar wave theory

标量衍射理论scalar diffraction theory

标势scalar potential

标准大气压standard atmospheric pressure

标准电池standard cell

标准偏差standard deviation

标准误差standard error

标准钟standard clock

表观功率apparent power

表观形状apparent shape

表面电阻surface resistance

表面张力surface tension

表面张力系数surface tension coefficient

表示representation; 指群的表示。

表述formulation

表象representation

冰点ice point

并联parallel connection, connection in parallel

并联共振parallel resonance

玻恩近似Born approximation

玻耳兹曼[积分微分]方程Boltzmann [integro-differential] equation 玻耳兹曼常量Boltzmann constant

玻耳兹曼关系Boltzmann relation

玻耳兹曼因子Boltzmann factor

玻尔半径Bohr radius

玻尔磁子Bohr magneton

玻尔量子化条件Bohr quantization condition

玻尔频率条件Bohr frequency condition

玻尔原子模型Bohr atom model

玻色-爱因斯坦积分Bose-Einstein integral

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚Bose-Einstein condensation 玻色[-爱因斯坦]分布Bose[-Einstein] distribution 玻色[-爱因斯坦]统计法Bose[-Einstein] statistics 玻色子boson

玻意耳定律Boyle law

波wave

波包wave packet

波长wavelength

波带片zone plate

波导waveguide

波动方程wave equation

波动光学wave optics

波动力学wave mechanics

波动说undulatory theory, wave theory

波动性undulatory property

波峰[wave] crest

波腹[wave] loop

波谷[wave] trough

波函数wave function

波节[wave] node

波粒二象性wave-particle dualism

波面wave surface

波模wave mode

波前wave front

波矢[量] wave vector

波数wave number

波阵面wave front

波阵面分割division of wavefront

伯努利方程Bernoulli equation

泊松比Poisson ratio

泊松分布Poisson distribution

泊松括号Poisson bracket

泊肃叶定律Poiseuille law

补偿板compensating plate

补色complementary colour

不含时微扰time-independent perturbation

不可对易性noncommutability

不可见光invisible light

不可逆[过程]热力学irreversible thermodynamics

不可逆过程irreversible process

不可压缩性incompressibility

不可约表示irreducible representation

不可约张量算符irreducible tensor operator

不良导体poor conductor

不确定[度]关系uncertainty relation; 曾用名“测不准关系”。

不确定[性]原理uncertainty principle; 曾用名“测不准原理”。

不确定度uncertainty

不稳定平衡unstable equilibrium

不相干成象incoherent imaging

布格定律Bouguer law

布拉格定律Bragg law

布拉格条件Bragg condition

布拉开系Brackett series

布朗运动Brown[ian] motion

布里渊散射Brillouin scattering

布儒斯特窗Brewster window

布儒斯特角Brewster angle; 又称“起偏角(polarizing angle)”。步骤procedure

部分偏振partial polarization

部分相干性partial coherence

参考系reference frame, reference system

参考圆circle of reference

参量parameter

测高仪altimeter

测节器nodal slide

测量measurement

测微目镜micrometer eyepiece

测温性质thermometric property

层流laminar flow

查理定律Charles law

产生creation

产生算符creation operator

颤动zitterbewegung

场点field point

场源field source

场致发射field-emission

常量constant

常数constant; 无量纲的常量。

长度length

长度收缩length contraction

超导[电]性superconductivity

超导体superconductor

超精细结构hyperfine structure

超静定问题statically indeterminate problem

超距作用action at a distance

超声波supersonic wave, ultrasound wave

超声速supersonic speed

超重overweight

衬比度contrast

成象imaging, imagery

弛豫时间relaxation time

弛豫时间近似relaxation time approximation

充电charging

冲击摆ballistic pendulum

冲击电流计ballistic galvanometer

冲量impulse

抽气机air pump

抽运pumping

抽运过程pumping process

初速[度] initial velocity

出[射]窗exit window

出[射光]瞳exit pupil

触发器trigger

穿透深度penetration depth

传播常量propagation constant

传播函数propagator

传导电流conduction current

传感器sensor

传热heat transfer, thermal transmission

传输线transmission line

传质mass transfer

串联series connection, connection in series

串联共振series resonance

垂直轴定理perpendicular axis theorem

纯态pure state

纯虚时间purely imaginary time

磁标势magnetic scalar potential

磁场magnetic field

磁场强度magnetic field strength, magnetic field intensity 磁场线magnetic field line

磁畴magnetic domain

磁单极子magnetic monopole

磁导计permeameter

磁导率permeability

磁感[应]强度magnetic induction

磁感[应]线magnetic induction line; 又称“磁力线(magnetic line of force)”。磁光效应magneto-optic effect

磁荷magnetic charge

磁化magnetization

磁化电流magnetization current

磁化率magnetic susceptibility

磁化强度magnetization [intensity]

磁化曲线magnetization curve

磁极magnetic pole

磁极化强度magnetic polarization

磁介质magnetic medium

磁镜magnetic mirror

磁矩magnetic moment

磁聚焦magnetic focusing

磁壳magnetic shell

磁控管magnetron

磁库仑定律magnetic Coulomb law

磁链magnetic flux linkage

磁路magnetic circuit

磁路定律magnetic circuit law

磁能magnetic energy

磁能密度magnetic energy density

磁偶极辐射magnetic dipole radiation

磁偶极矩magnetic dipole moment

磁偶极子magnetic dipole

磁偏转magnetic deflection

磁瓶magnetic bottle

磁屏蔽magnetic shielding

磁倾计inclinometer

磁体magnet

磁通计fluxmeter

磁通量magnetic flux

磁通势magnetomotive force; 曾用名“磁动势”。磁路中的安匝数。

磁透镜magnetic lens

磁性材料magnetic material

磁旋比magnetogyric ratio

磁学magnetism, magnetics

磁压magnetic pressure

磁针magnetic needle

磁致旋光magnetic opticity, magnetic rotation

磁滞回线hysteresis loop

磁滞损耗hysteresis loss

磁阻[magnetic] reluctance, magnetic resistance

磁阻率reluctivity

磁阱magnetic trap

次极大secondary maximum

次级子波secondary wavelet

次声波infrasonic wave; 频率低于听觉音调下限的声波(频率在20赫兹以下)。

粗调coarse adjustment

达尔文-福勒方法Darwin-Fowler method

达朗贝尔方程d'Alembert equation

达朗贝尔惯性力d'Alembert inertial force

达朗贝尔原理d'Alembert principle

戴维南定理Thevenin theorem

带电粒子charged particle

带电体electrified body, charged body

带状谱band spectrum

丹聂耳电池Daniell cell

单摆simple pendulum; 又称“数学摆(mathematical pendulum)”。

单侧约束unilateral constraint; 曾用名“可解约束(ОСВОБОЖДаЮЩаЯ свЯзъ)”。单道分析器single channel analyzer

单缝衍射single slit diffraction

单粒子分布函数one-particle distribution function

单色波monochromatic wave

单色光源monochromatic source

单色仪monochromator

单态singlet state

单位unit

单位制system of units

单轴晶体uniaxial crystal

弹[性]力elastic force

弹道ballistic curve

弹簧秤spring balance

弹性elasticity

弹性散射elastic scattering

弹性体elastic body

倒象inverted image

倒象棱镜inverting prism

导电介质conducting medium

导纳admittance

导体conductor

导线wire

道尔顿[分压]定律Dalton law [of partial pressure]

德拜-谢勒法Debye-Scherrer method

德布罗意波长de Broglie wavelength

德布罗意关系de Broglie relation

等电子序isoelectronic sequence

等概率假设postulate of equal a priori probabilities

等厚干涉equal thickness interference

等厚条纹equal thickness fringes

等离[子]体plasma

等离[子]体频率plasma frequency

等倾干涉equal inclination interference

等倾条纹equal inclination fringes

等时摆isochronous pendulum

等势面equipotential surface

等势线equipotential line

等体[积]过程isochoric process; 又称“等容过程”。

等体[积]线isochore; 又称“等容线”。

等温过程isothermal process

等温线isotherm[al]

等效电子equivalent electron; 曾用名“同科电子”。

等效力系equivalent force system

等压过程isobaric process

等压线isobar

低温恒温器cryostat

狄拉克方程Dirac equation

狄特里奇方程Dieterici equation

地球物理[学] geophysics

第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity

第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity

第一积分first integral

第一类拉格朗日方程Lagrange equation of the first kind

第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity

点电荷point charge

电[偶极]矩electric [dipole] moment

电electricity

电场electric field

电场强度electric field strength, electric field intensity

电场线electric field line; 又称“电力线(electric line of force)”。

电池cell

电池充电器battery charger

电池组battery

电磁[场]应力张量electromagnetic stress tensor, Maxwell stress tensor 电磁波electromagnetic wave

电磁波谱electromagnetic wave spectrum

电磁场electromagnetic field

电磁场张量electromagnetic field tensor

电磁动量electromagnetic momentum

电磁多极辐射electromagnetic multipole radiation

电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation

电磁感应electromagnetic induction

电磁体electromagnet

电磁学electromagnetism, electromagnetics 电磁质量electromagnetic mass

电磁阻尼electromagnetic damping

电导conductance

电导率conductivity

电动机motor

电动力学electrodynamics

电动势electromotive force, emf

电多极矩electric multipole moment

电多极子electric multipole

电风electric wind

电感inductance

电感器inductor

电功率electric power

电光效应electro-optic effect

电荷electric charge

电荷守恒定律law of conservation of charge 电极electrode

电键key

电解electrolysis

电解质electrolyte

电介质dielectric

电抗reactance

电离ionization

电离能ionization energy

电离室ionization chamber

电离真空规ionization [vacuum] gauge

电量electric quantity

电流[强度] electric current [strength]

电流electric current

电流计galvanometer

电流密度current density

电流天平current balance

电流线electric streamline

电流元current element

电路electric circuit

电纳susceptance

电能electric energy

电偶层electric double layer

电偶极辐射electric dipole radiation

电偶极子electric dipole

电偏转electric deflection

电桥[electric] bridge

电容capacity, capacitance

电容率permittivity; IUPAP的SUNAMCO委员会推荐术语。又称“介电常量(dielectric constant)”。

电容率张量permittivity tensor; IUPAP的SUNAMCO委员会推荐术语。又称“介电张量(dielectric tenso r)”。

电容器condenser, capacitor

电势electric potential

电势差electric potential difference

电势差计potentiometer

电势降[落] potential drop

电四极辐射electric quadrupole radiation

电四极矩electric quadrupole moment

电四极子electric quadrupole

电通量electric flux

电位移electric displacement

电位移线electric displacement line

电象electric image

电学electricity

电压voltage

电源power supply, power source

电晕corona

电致发光electroluminescence

电致伸缩electrostriction

电滞效应electric hysteresis effect

电中性electric neutrality

电子electron

电子气electron gas

电子枪electron gun

电子束electron beam

电子显微镜electron microscope

电子衍射仪electron diffractometer

电子云electron cloud

电阻[器] resistor

电阻resistance

电阻率resistivity

电阻温度计resistance thermometer

电阻箱resistance box

调焦focusing

调节adjustment

叠加原理superposition principle

叠栅条纹moire fringe; 曾用名“莫阿条纹”。

定标器scaler

定常流[动] steady flow

定常约束scleronomic constraint

定点转动rotation around a fixed point

定理theorem

定律law

定时器timer

定态steady state; stationary state; 哈密顿算符的本征态。

定态薛定谔方程stationary Schrodinger equation

定体[积]比热specific heat at constant volume

定向发射体directional emitter

定压比热specific heat at constant pressure

定域条纹localized fringe

定则rule

定轴转动fixed-axis rotation

动理[学]方程kinetic equation

动理学kinetics; 曾用名“动力学”。专指研究稀薄流体微观粒子运动机理的学科。动力学dynamics

动力学变量dynamical variable; 简称“力学量”。

动力粘度[系数] [coefficient of] kinetic viscosity

动量momentum

动量表象momentum representation

动量定理theorem of momentum; 又称“冲量定理(theorem of impulse)”。

动量流密度momentum flow density

动量密度momentum density

动量守恒定律law of conservation of momentum

动能kinetic energy

动能定理theorem of kinetic energy

动生电动势motional electromotive force

动压dynamical pressure

杜隆-珀蒂定律Dulong-Petit law

度规张量metric tensor

端[电]压terminal voltage

短路short circuit

对称[性] symmetry

对称波函数symmetric wave function

对称性群symmetry group

对分布函数pair distribution function

对易commute

对易关系commutation relation

对易式commutator

对应态[定]律law of corresponding states

对应原理correspondence principle

多道分析器multi-channel analyzer

多方过程polytropic process

多方指数polytropic exponent

多光束干涉multiple-beam interference

多极展开multipole expansion

多普勒频移Doppler shift

多普勒效应Doppler effect

多体问题many-body problem

多用[电]表multimeter, universal meter

额定电压rated voltage

厄米[的] hermitian

厄米共轭hermitian conjugate

厄米算符Hermitian operator

扼流[线]圈choking coil

二次量子化second quantization

二端网络two-terminal network

二极管diode

二级相变second-order phase transition

二体问题two-body problem

二项分布binomial distribution

二向色性dichroism

发电机generator

发光luminescence

发光强度luminous intensity

发散波divergent wave

发散透镜divergent lens

发射极emitter

法布里-珀罗标准具Fabry-Perot etalon

法布里-珀罗干涉仪Fabry-Perot interferometer

法布里-珀罗共振腔Fabry-Perot resonator

法布里-珀罗滤波器Fabry-Perot filter

法拉第[圆]筒Faraday cylinder

法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第旋转Faraday rotation

法向加速度normal acceleration

法向应力normal stress

反常散射anomalous scattering

反常色散anomalous dispersion

反常吸收anomalous absorption

反冲recoil

反弹bounce

反电动势back electromotive force

反对称[性] antisymmetry

反对称波函数antisymmetric wave function

反对易关系anticommutation relation

反对易式anticommutator

反符合电路anticoincidence circuit

反馈feedback

反射定律reflection law

反射光栅reflection grating

反射角reflection angle

反射率reflectivity

反射系数reflection coefficient

反射线reflected ray

反转温度inversion temperature; 焦耳-汤姆孙系数等于零时的温度。

反作用力reacting force

范德格拉夫起电机Van de Graaff generator

范德瓦耳斯方程van der Waals equation

方均根速率root-mean-square speed

方均根误差root-mean-square error

方均位移mean square displacement

放大镜magnifier

放大率magnification

放大率色差chromatism of magnification

放大器amplifier

放电discharge

放射源radioactive source

菲克定律Fick law

菲涅耳-基尔霍夫公式Fresnel-Kirchhoff formula

菲涅耳公式Fresnel formula

菲涅耳双镜Fresnel bimirror

菲涅耳双棱镜Fresnel biprism

菲涅耳衍射Fresnel diffraction

菲佐实验Fizeau experiment

非[寻]常光extraordinary light

非[寻]常折射率extraordinary refractive index

非单色波nonmonochromatic wave

非单色光nonmonochromatic light

非弹性散射inelastic scattering

非定常约束rheonomic constraint

非定域条纹nonlocalized fringe

非惯性系noninertial system

非平衡热力学nonequilibrium thermodynamics

非平衡态nonequilibrium state

非平衡统计力学nonequilibrium statistical mechanics

非完全弹性碰撞imperfect elastic collision

非完整系nonholonomic system

非完整约束nonholonomic constraint; 又称“速度约束(constraint of veloci-ty)”、“微分约束(differential c onstraint)”。

非线性光学nonlinear optics

非线性元件nonlinear element

非相对论性极限non-relativistic limit

非谐振动anharmonic vibration

非谐振子anharmonic oscillator

非周期性aperiodicity

沸点boiling point

沸腾boiling

费马原理Fermat principle

费米-狄拉克积分Fermi-Dirac integral

费米[-狄拉克]分布Fermi[-Dirac] distribution

费米[-狄拉克]统计法Fermi[-Dirac] statistics

费米动量Fermi momentum

费米海Fermi sea

费米面Fermi surface

费米能级Fermi level

费米球Fermi sphere

费米温度Fermi temperature

费米子fermion

分辨本领resolving power

分辨率resolution

分波法method of partial waves

分布distribution

分布函数distribution function

分布力distributed force

分光光度计spectrophotometer

分光镜spectroscope

分力component force

分流器shunt

分路shunt

分束器beam splitter

分速度component velocity

分析天平analytical balance

分压器voltage divider

分子磁矩molecular magnetic moment

分子电流molecular current

分子光谱molecular spectrum

分子混沌拟设molecular chaos, stosszahlansatz 分子结构molecular structure

分子散射molecular scattering

分子束molecular beam

分子物理学molecular physics

峰值peak [value]; 曾用名“巅值”。

夫琅禾费谱线Fraunhofer line

夫琅禾费衍射Fraunhofer diffraction

辐射[方向]图radiation pattern

辐射场radiation field

辐射电阻radiation resistance

辐射度量学radiometry

辐射功率radiation power

辐射角分布radiation angular distribution

辐射能密度radiant energy density

辐射频谱radiation frequency spectrum

辐射强度radiation intensity

辐射热计bolometer

辐射通量radiation flux

辐射压[强] radiation pressure

辐射阻抗radiation impedance

辐射阻尼radiation damping

辐照度irradiance

符号、单位、术语、原子质量和基本常量委员会Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomi c; Masses and Fundamental Constants SUNAMCO Constants IUPAP下属的一个工作委员会。

符合电路coincidence circuit

伏安法voltmeter-ammeter method

伏安特性曲线volt-ampere characteristics

伏打电池voltaic cell

伏特计voltmeter

浮环实验suspended ring experiment

浮力buoyancy force

浮力秤flotation balance

福丁气压计Fortin barometer

福克尔-普朗克方程Fokker-Planck equation

弗兰克-赫兹实验Franck-Hertz experiment

副[光]轴secondary [optical] axis

复摆compound pendulum; 又称“物理摆(physical pendulum)”。

复合透镜compound lens

复折射率complex index of refraction

复振幅complex amplitude

复阻抗complex impedance

傅科摆Foucault pendulum

傅里叶定律Fourier law

傅里叶光学Fourier optics

负[绝对]温度negative temperature

负电荷negative charge

负反馈negative feedback

负极板negative plate

负晶体negative crystal

负离子negative ion, anion

负载load

附着力adhesion

概率probability; 曾用名“几率”。

概率幅probability amplitude

概率流probability current

概率密度probability density

概然误差probable error

盖-吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law

盖革-米勒计数器Geiger-Muller counter

干电池dry cell

干涉interference

干涉级order of interference

干涉滤光片interference filter

干涉条纹interference fringe

干涉图样interference pattern

干涉显微镜interference microscope

干涉项interference term

干涉仪interferometer

干湿球湿度计psychrometer

感光计sensitometer

感抗inductive reactance

感生电场induced electric field

感生电动势induced electromotive force

感生电荷induced charge

感应电动势induction electromotive force

感应电流induction current

感应圈induction coil

刚化原理principle of rigidization

刚体rigid body

刚体自由运动free motion of rigid body

刚性杆rigid rod; 在任何情况下固有长度不变的理想杆。在相对论中用作度量空间距离的标准。高反射膜high-reflecting film

高斯定理Gauss theorem

高斯分布Gaussian distribution; 又称“正态分布(normal distribution)”。

高斯光束Gaussian beam

高斯光学Gaussian optics

高斯计gaussmeter

高斯目镜Gauss eyepiece

高温计pyrometer

各向同性isotropy

各向同性介质isotropic medium

各向异性anisotropy

各向异性介质anisotropic medium

功work

功率power

功率因数power factor

汞[气]灯mercury vapour lamp

共点力concurrent force

共点力系system of concurrent forces

共面力coplanar force

共面力系system of coplanar forces

共鸣resonance

共鸣管resonance tube

共振[波]模resonant mode

共振resonance

共振频率resonant frequency

共振器resonator

共振腔resonant cavity

共轭光线conjugate rays

共轭面conjugate planes

共轭象conjugate images

估计estimation

孤立导体isolated conductor

孤立系isolated system

固定指标fixed index

固体solid

固体激光器solid-state laser

固体计数器solid-state counter

固有长度proper length

固有加速度proper acceleration

固有频率natural frequency

固有时proper time

固有时间隔proper time interval

固有速度proper velocity

固有质量proper mass

关联函数correlation function

关联能correlation energy

关联系数correlation coefficient

观察observation

惯量积product of inertia

惯量椭球ellipsoid of inertia

惯量张量inertia tensor

惯量主轴principal axis of inertia

惯性[参考]系inertial [reference] frame, inertial [reference] system 惯性inertia

惯性离心力inertial centrifugal force

惯性力inertial force

惯性质量inertial mass

光[测]弹性photoelasticity

光light

光波light wave

光程optical path

光程差optical path difference

光的电磁理论electromagnetic theory of light

光电倍增管photomultiplier

光电池photoelectric cell

光电导效应photo-conductive effect; 又称“内光电效应(internal photoelectric effect)”。光电管photoelectric tube

光电流photocurrent

光电效应photoelectric effect

光电子photo-electron

光度计photometer

光度学photometry

光发射度luminous emittance

光杠杆optical lever

光功当量mechanical equivalent of light

光具组optical system

光具座optical bench

光阑stop, diaphragm

光路可逆性reversibility of optical path

光密介质optically denser medium

光谱spectrum

光谱分析spectral analysis

光谱强度spectral intensity

光谱学spectroscopy

光强intensity of light

光生伏打效应photovoltaic effect

光视效率luminous efficiency

光视效能luminous efficacy

光疏介质optically thinner medium

光束[light] beam

光速velocity of light

光速不变原理principle of constancy of light velocity

光通量luminous flux

光线追迹ray tracing

光信号light signal

光行差aberration

光学optics

光学玻璃optical glass

光学不变量optical invariant; 几何光学、高斯光学中物、象双方保持不变的量。

光学厚度optical thickness

光学仪器optical instrument

光压light pressure

光以太luminiferous ether

光源light source

光栅grating