风电术语-英汉对照

风力发电机组

风力机wind turbine

风力发电机组wind turbine generator system (WTGS)

风电场wind farm

水平轴风力机horizontal axis wind turbine

垂直轴风力机vertical axis wind turbine

轮毂(风力机) hub (for wind turbines)

机舱nacelle

支撑结构(风力机) support structure (for wind turbines)

关机(风力机) shutdown (for wind turbines)

紧急关机(风力机) emergency shutdown (for wind turbines) 空转(风力机) idling (for wind turbines)

锁定(风力机) blocking (for wind turbines)

停机parking

静止standstill

制动器(风力机) brake (for wind turbines)

停机制动(风力机) parking brake (for wind turbines)

风轮转速(风力机) rotor speed (for wind turbines)

控制系统(风力机) control system (for wind turbines)

保护系统(风力发电机组) protection system (for WTGS)

设计和安全参数

设计工况design operating conditions

载荷情况load case

外部条件(风力机) external conditions (for wind turbines) 设计极限design limits

极限状态limit state

使用极限状态serviceability limit states

极限限制状态ultimate limit state

安全寿命safe life

严重故障(风力机) catastrophic failure (for wind turbines) 潜伏故障latent fault; dormant failure

风特性

风速wind speed

风矢量wind velocity

旋转采样风矢量rotationally sampled wind velocity

额定风速(风力机) rated wind speed (for wind turbines)

切入风速cut-in wind speed

切出风速cut-out wind speed

年平均annual average

年平均风速annual average wind speed

平均风速mean wind speed

极端风速extreme wind speed

安全风速survival wind speed (deprecated)

参考风速reference wind speed

风速分布wind speed distribution

瑞利分布RayLeigh distribution

威布尔分布Weibull distribution

风切变wind shear

风廓线风切变律wind profile; wind shear law

风切变指数wind shear exponent

对数风切变律logarithmic wind shear law

风切变幂律power law for wind shear

下风向down wind

上风向up wind

阵风gust

粗糙长度roughness length

湍流强度turbulence intensity

湍流尺度参数turbulence scale parameter

湍流惯性负区inertial sub-range

风场wind site＝wind farm

测量参数measurement seat

最大风速maximum wind speed

风功率密度wind power density

风能密度wind energy density

日变化diurnal variation

年变化annual variation

轮毂高度hub height

风能wind energy

标准大气状态standard atmospheric state

风切变影响influence by the wind shear

阵风影响gust influence

风速频率frequency of wind speed

环境environment

工作环境operational environment

气候climate

海洋性气候ocean climate

大陆性气候continental climate

露天气候open-air climate

室内气候indoor climate

极端extreme

日平均值daily mean

极端最高extreme maximum

年最高annual maximum

年最高日平均温度annual extreme daily mean of temperature 月平均温度mean monthly temperature

空气湿度air humidity

绝对湿度absolute humidity

相对湿度relative humidity

降水precipitation

雨rain

冻雨freezing rain

霜淞rime

雨淞glaze

冰雹hail

露dew

雾fog

盐雾salt fog

雷暴thunderstorm

雪载snow load

标准大气压standard air pressure

平均海平面mean sea level

海拔altitude

辐射通量radiant flux

太阳辐射solar radiation

直接太阳辐射direct solar radiation

天空辐射sky radiation

太阳常数solar constant

太阳光谱solar spectrum

黑体black body

白体white body

温室效应greenhouse effect

环境温度ambient temperature

表面温度surface temperature

与电网连接

互连(风力发电机组) interconnection(for WTGS)

输出功率(风力发电机组) output power(for WTGS)

额定功率(风力发电机组) rated power(for WTGS)

电网连接点(风力发电机组) network connection point(for WTGS)

电力汇集系统(风力发电机组) power collection system(for WTGS) 风场电气设备site electrical facilities

功率特性测试

功率特性power performance

净电功率输出net electric power output

功率系数power coefficient

自由流风速free stream wind speed

扫掠面积swept area

测量功率曲线measured power curve

外推功率曲线extrapolated power curve

年发电量annual energy production

可利用率(风力发电机组) availability(for WTGS)

数据组(测试功率特性) data set(for power performance measurement) 精度(风力发电机组) accuracy(for WTGS)

测量误差uncertainty in measurement

分组方法method of bins

测量周期measurement period

测量扇区measurement sector

距离常数distance constant

试验场地test site

气流畸变flow distortion

障碍物obstacles

复杂地形带complex terrain

风障wind break

生压级sound pressure level

声级weighted sound pressure level; sound level

视在声功率级apparent sound power level

指向性(风力发电机组) directivity(for WTGS)

音值tonality

声的基准风速acoustic reference wind speed

标准风速standardized wind speed

基准高度reference height

基准粗糙长度reference roughness length

基准距离reference distance

掠射角grazing angle

比恩法method of bins

标准误差standard uncertainty

风能利用系数rotor power coefficient

力矩系数torque coefficient

额定力矩系数rated torque coefficient

起动力矩系数starting torque coefficient

最大力矩系数maximum torque coefficient

过载度ratio of over load

风力发电机组输出特性output characteristic of WTGS

调节特性regulating characteristics

平均噪声average life

机组效率efficiency of WTGS

使用寿命service life

度电成本cost per kilowatt hour of the electricity generated by WTGS

风轮

风轮wind rotor

风轮直径rotor diameter

风轮掠扫面积rotor swept area

风轮仰角tilt angle of rotor shaft

风轮偏航角yawing angle of rotor shaft

风轮额定转速rated turning speed of rotor

风轮最高转速maximum turning speed of rotor

风轮尾流rotor wake

尾流损失wake losses

风轮实度rotor solidity

实度损失solidity losses

叶片数number of blades

叶片blade

等截面叶片constant chord blade

变截面叶片variable chord blade

叶片投影面积projected area of blade

叶片长度length of blade

叶根root of blade

叶尖tip of blade

叶尖速度tip speed

桨距角pitch angle

翼型airfoil

前缘leading edge

后缘tailing edge

几何弦长geometric chord of airfoil

平均几何弦长mean geometric chord of airfoil

气动弦线aerodynamic chord of airfoil

翼型厚度thickness of airfoil

翼型相对厚度relative thickness of airfoil

厚度函数thickness function of airfoil

中弧线mean line

弯度degree of curvature

弯度函数curvature function of airfoil

翼型族the family of airfoil

叶片根梢比ratio of tip-section chord to root-section chord

叶片展弦比aspect ratio

叶片安装角setting angle of blade

叶片扭角twist of blade

叶片几何攻角angle of attack of blade

叶尖损失tip losses

叶片损失blade losses

颤振flutter

迎风机构orientation mechanism

调速机构regulation mechanism

风轮偏侧式调速机构regulating mechanism of turning wind rotor out of the wind sideward

变桨距调节机构regulating mechanism by adjusting the pitch of blade

整流罩nose cone

顺桨feathering

阻尼板spoiling flap

风轮空气动力特性aerodynamic characteristics of rotor

叶尖速度比(高速性系数) tip-speed ratio

额定叶尖速度比(标准高速性系数) rated tip-speed ratio

升力系数lift coefficient

阻力系数drag coefficient

推或拉力系数thrust coefficient

传动系统

传动比transmission ratio

齿轮gear

齿轮副gear pair

平行轴齿轮副gear pair with parallel axes

齿轮系train of gears

行星齿轮系planetary gear train

小齿轮pinion

大齿轮wheel, gear

主动齿轮driving gear

从动齿轮driven gear

行星齿轮planet carrier

太阳轮sun gear

内齿圈ring gear; annulus gear

外齿轮external gear

内齿轮internal gear

内齿轮副internal gear pair

增速齿轮副speed increasing gear pair

中心距center distance

增速比speed increasing ratio

齿面tooth flank

工作齿面working flank

非工作齿面non-working flank

模数module

齿数number of teeth

啮合干涉meshing interference

齿廓修形profile modification; profile correction 啮合engagement; mesh

齿轮的变位addendum modification on gears

变位齿轮gears with addendum modification

圆柱齿轮cylindrical gear

直齿圆柱齿轮spur gear

斜齿圆柱齿轮helical gear; single-helical gear 节点pitch point

节圆pitch circle

齿顶圆tip circle

齿根圆root circle

直径和半径diameter and radius

齿宽face width

齿厚tooth thickness

压力角pressure angle

圆周侧隙circumferential backlash

蜗杆worm

蜗轮worm wheel

联轴器coupling

刚性联轴器rigid coupling

万向联轴器universal coupling

安全联轴器security coupling

齿tooth

齿槽tooth space

斜齿轮helical gear

人字齿轮double-helical gear

齿距tooth pitch

法向齿距normal pitch

轴向齿距axial pitch

齿高tooth depth

输入轴input shaft

输出轴output shaft

柱销pin

柱销套roller

行星齿轮传动机构planetary gear drive mechanism 中心轮center gear

单级行星齿轮系single planetary gear train

多级行星齿轮系multiple-stage planetary gear train 柔性齿轮flexible gear

刚性齿轮rigidity gear

柔性滚动轴承flexible rolling bearing

输出联接output coupling

刚度rigidity

扭转刚度torsional rigidity

弯曲刚度flexural rigidity

扭转刚度系数coefficient of torsional rigidity

起动力矩starting torque

传动误差transmission error

传动精度transmission accuracy

固有频率natural frequency

弹性联接elastic coupling

滑块联接Oldham coupling

固定联接integrated coupling

齿啮式联接dynamic coupling

花键联接splined coupling

牙嵌式联接castellated coupling

径向销联接radial pin coupling

周期振动periodic vibration

随机振动random vibration

峰值peak value

临界阻尼critical damping

阻尼系数damping coefficient

阻尼比damping ratio

减震器vibration isolator

振动频率vibration frequency

幅值amplitude

位移幅值displacement amplitude

速度幅值velocity amplitude

加速度幅值acceleration amplitude

发电机

同步电机synchronous generator

异步电机asynchronous generator

感应电机induction generator

差转率slip

瞬态电流transient factor

换向器commutator

集电环collector ring

换向片commutator segment

励磁响应excitation response

制动系统

制动系统braking system

制动机构braking mechanism

正常制动系normal braking system

紧急制动系emergency braking system

空气制动系air braking system

液压制动系hydraulic braking system

电磁制动系electromagnetic braking system 机械制动系mechanical braking system

辅助装置auxiliary device

制动器释放braking releasing

制动器闭合brake setting

液压缸hydraulic cylinder

溢流阀relief valve

泄油drain

齿轮马达gear motor

齿轮泵gear pump

电磁阀solenoid valve

液压过滤器hydraulic filter

液压泵hydraulic pump

液压系统hydraulic system

油冷却器oil cooler

压力控制阀pressure switch

减压阀reducing valve

安全阀safety valve

设定压力setting pressure

切换switching

旋转接头rotating union

压力表pressure gauge

液压油hydraulic fluid

液压马达hydraulic fluid

液压马达hydraulic motor

油封oil seal

刹车盘brake disc

闸垫brake pad

刹车油brake fluid

闸衬片brake lining

偏航系统

滑动制动器sliding shoes

偏航yawing

主动偏航active yawing

被动偏航passive yawing

偏航驱动yawing driven

解缆untwist

塔架

塔架tower

独立式塔架free stand tower

拉索式塔架guyed tower

塔影响效应influence by the tower shadow

控制与检测系统

远程监视telemonitoring

协议protocol

实时real time

单向传输simplex transmission

半双工传输half-duplex transmission

双工传输duplex transmission

前置机front end processor

运动终端remote terminal unit(RTU)

调制解调器modulator-demodulator(modem)

数据终端设备data terminal equipment (DTE)

接口interface

数据电路data circuit

信息information

状态信息state information

分接头位置信息tap position information

监视信息monitored information

事件信息event information

设备故障信息equipment failure information

返回信息return information

告警alarm

设定值set point valve

累计值integrated total; integrated value

瞬时测值instantaneous measured

计量值counted measured, metered measured, metered reading

确认acknowledgement

信号signal

模拟信号analog signal

命令command

字节byte

位; 比特bit

地址address

波特baud(Bd)

编码encode

译码decode

代码code

集中控制centralized control

可编程序控制programmable control

微机程控minicomputer program control 模拟控制analogue control

数字控制digital control

强电控制strong current control

弱电控制weak current control

单元控制unit control

就地控制local control

联锁装置interlocker

模拟盘analogue board

配电盘switch board

控制台control desk

紧急停车按钮emergency stop push-button 限位开关limit switch

限速开关limit speed switch

有载指示器on-load indicator

位置指示器position indicator

屏幕显示screen display

指示灯display lamp

起动信号starting signal

公共供电点point of common coupling

闪变flicker

数据库data base

硬件hardware

硬件平台hardware platform

层layer; level; class

模型model

响应时间response time

软件software

软件平台software platform

系统软件system software

自由脱扣trip-free

基准误差basic error

一对一控制方式one-to-one control mode

一次电流primary current

一次电压primary voltage

二次电流secondary current

二次电压secondary voltage

低压电器low voltage apparatus

额定工作电压rated operational voltage

额定工作电流rated operational current

运行管理operation management

安全方案safety concept

外部条件external conditions(for WTGS)

失效failure

故障fault

控制柜control cabinet

冗余技术redundancy

正常关机normal shutdown(for wind turbines)

失效-安全fail-safe

排除故障clearance

空转idling(for wind turbines)

外部动力源external power supply

锁定装置locking device

运行转速范围operating rotational speed range

临界转速maximum rotational speed

最大转速maximum rotational speed

过载功率over power(for wind turbines)

临界功率activation power(for wind turbines)

最大功率maximum power(for wind turbines)

短时切出风速short-term cut-out wind speed

外联机试验field test with turbine

试验台test-bed

台架试验test on bed

防雷系统lightning protection system(LPS)

外部防雷系统external lightning protection system 内部防雷系统internal lightning protection system 等电位连接equipotential bonding

接闪器air-termination system

引下线down-conductor

接地装置earth-termination system

接地线earth conductor

接地体earth electrode

环形接地体ring earth electrode

基础接地体foundation earth electrode

等电位连接带bonding bar

等电位连接导体bonding conductor

保护等级protection lever

防雷区lightning protection zone (LPZ)

雷电流lightning current

电涌保护器surge suppressor

共用接地系统common earthing system

接地基准电earthing reference points (ERP)

持续运行continuous operation

持续运行的闪变系数flicker coefficient for continuous operation 闪变阶跃系数flicker step factor

最大允许功率maximum permitted power

最大测量功率maximum measured power

电网阻抗相角network impedance phase angle

正常运行normal operation

功率采集系统power collection system

额定视在功率rated apparent power

额定电流rated current

额定无功功率rated reactive power

停机standstill

起动start-up

切换运行switching operation

扰动强度turbulence intensity

电压变化系数voltage change factor

风力机端口wind turbine terminals

风力机最大功率maximum power of wind turbine

风力机停机parked wind turbine

安全系统safety system

控制装置control device

额定负载rated load

周期period

相位phase

频率frequency

谐波harmonics

瞬时值instantaneous value

同步synchronism

振荡oscillation

共振resonance

波wave

辐射radiation

衰减attenuation

阻尼damping

畸变distortion

电electricity

电的electric

静电学electrostatics

电荷electric charge

电压降voltage drop

电流electric current

导电性conductivity

电压voltage

电磁感应electromagnetic induction

励磁excitation

电阻率resistivity

导体conductor

半导体semiconductor

电路electric circuit

串联电路series circuits

电容capacitance

电感inductance

电阻resistance

阻抗impedance

电抗reactance

传递比transfer ratio

交流电压alternating voltage

交流电流alternating current

脉动电压pulsating voltage

脉动电流pulsating current

直流电压direct voltage

直流电流direct current

瞬时功率instantaneous power

有功功率active power

无功功率reactive power

有功电流active current

无功电流active current

功率因数power factor

中性点neutral point

相序sequential order of the phases

电气元件electrical device

接线端子terminal

电极electrode

地earth, ground

接地电路earthed circuit

接地电阻resistance of an earthed conductor, earth resistance 绝缘子insulator

绝缘套管insulating bushing

母线busbar

线圈coil

螺线管solenoid

绕组winding

电阻器resistor

电感器inductor

电容器capacitor

继电器relay

电能转换器electric energy transducer

电机electric machine

发电机generator

电动机motor

变压器transformer

变流器converter

变频器frequency converter

整流器rectifier

逆变器inverter

传感器sensor

耦合器electric coupling

放大器amplifier

振荡器oscillator

滤波器filter

半导体器件semiconductor device 光电器件photoelectric device

触头contact

开关设备switchgear

控制设备controlgear

闭合电路closed circuit

断开电路open circuit

通断switching

联结connection

串联series connection

并联parallel connection

星形联结star connection

主电路main circuit

辅助电路auxiliary circuit

控制电路control circuit

信号电路signal circuit

保护电路protective circuit

换接change-over switching

换向commutation

输入功率input power

输入input

负载, 载荷load

加载to load

充电to charge

放电to discharge

有载运行on-load operation

空载运行no-load operation

开路运行open-circuit operation 短路运行short-circuit operation 满载full load

效率efficiency

损耗loss

过电压over-voltage

欠电压under-voltage

特性characteristic

绝缘物insulant

隔离to isolate

绝缘insulation

绝缘电阻insulation resistance

品质因数quality factor

泄漏电流leakage current

闪烙flashover

短路short circuit

噪声noise

极限值limiting value

额定值rated value

定额rating

环境条件environment condition

使用条件service conditions

工况operating conditions, load case 额定工况rated condition

负载比duty ratio

绝缘比insulation level

介质试验dielectric test

常规试验routine test

抽样试验sampling test

验收试验acceptance test

投运试验commissioning test

维护试验maintenance test

加速accelerating

特性曲线characteristic curves

额定电压rated voltage

额定频率rated frequency

额定转速rated speed

温升temperature rise

温度系数temperature coefficient 端电压terminal voltage

短路电流short circuit current

可靠性reliability

有效性availability

耐久性durability

维修maintenance

维护preventive maintenance

工作时间operating time

待命时间standby time

修复时间repair time

寿命life

使用寿命useful life

平均寿命mean life

耐久性试验endurance test

寿命试验life test

可靠性测定试验reliability determination

现场可靠性试验field reliability test

加速试验accelerated test

安全性fail safe

应力stress

强度strength

试验数据test data

现场数据field data

电触头electrical contact

主触头main contact

击穿breakdown

耐电压proof voltage

放电electrical discharge

透气性air permeability

电线电缆electric wire and cable

电力电缆power cable

通信电缆telecommunication cable, communication cable

油浸式变压器oil-immersed type transformer

干式变压器dry-type transformer

自耦变压器auto-transformer

有载调压变压器transformer fitted with OLTC(on-load tap-changer) 空载电流non-load current

阻抗电压impedance voltage

电抗电压reactance voltage

电阻电压resistance voltage

分接tapping

配电电器distributing apparatus

控制电器control apparatus

开关switch

熔断器fuse

断路器circuit breaker

控制器controller

接触器contactor

机械寿命mechanical endurance

电气寿命electrical endurance

旋转电机electrical rotating machine

直流电机direct current machine

交流电机alternating current machine

同步电机synchronous machine

异步电机asynchronous machine

感应电机induction machine

励磁机exciter

饱和特性saturation characteristic

开路特性open-circuit characteristic

负载特性load characteristic

短路特性short-circuit characteristic

额定转矩rated load torque

规定的最初起动电流specified breakaway torque

交流电动机的最初起动电流breakaway starting current of an a.c. 同步转速synchronous speed

转差率slip

短路比short-circuit ratio

同步系数synchronizing coefficient

空载no-load

系统system

触电, 电击electric shock

正常状态normal condition

接触电压touch voltage

跨步电压step voltage

对地电压voltage to earth

触电电流shock current

残余电流residual current

安全阻抗safety impedance

安全距离safe distance

安全标志safety marking

安全色safety color

中性点有效接地系统system with effectively earthed neutral

检修接地inspection earching

工作接地working earthing

保护接地protective earthing

重复接地iterative earth

故障接地fault earthing

过电压保护over-voltage protection

过电流保护over-current protection

断相保护open-phase protection

防尘dust-protected

防溅protected against splashing

防滴protected against dropping water

防浸水protected against the effects of immersion

过电流保护装置over-current protective device

保护继电器protective relay

接地开关earthing switch

漏电断路器residual current circuit-breaker

灭弧装置arc-control device

安全隔离变压器safety isolating transformer

避雷器surge arrester, lightning arrester

保护电容器capacitor for voltage protection

安全开关safety switch

限流电路limited current circuit

振动vibration

腐蚀corrosion

金属腐蚀corrosion of metals

化学腐蚀chemical corrosion

点腐蚀spot corrosion

贮存storage

贮存条件storage condition

运输条件transportation condition

空载最大加速度maximum bare table acceleration

电力金具

悬垂线夹suspension clamp

耐张线夹strain clamp

挂环link

挂板clevis &. Tongue

球头挂环ball-eye

球头挂钩ball-hook

U形挂环shackle

U形螺钉U-bolt

联板yoke plate

牵引板towing plate

挂钩hook

吊架hanger

调整板adjusting plate

花篮螺栓turn buckle

接续管splicing sleeve

补修管repair sleeve

跳线线夹jumper clamp

防震锤damper

均压环grading ring

屏蔽环shielding ring

间隔棒spacer

重锤counter weight

线卡子guy clip

心形环thimble

设备线夹terminal connector

T形线夹T-connector

硬母线固定金具bus-bar support

母线间隔垫bus-bar separator

母线伸缩节bus-bar expansion joint

外观检查visual inspection

振动试验vibration tests

冲击动荷试验impulse load tests

耐腐试验corrosion resistance tests

棘轮扳手ratchet spanner

专用扳手special purpose spanner

万向套筒扳手flexible spanner hand

可调钳adjustable pliers

夹线器conductor holder

电缆剪cable cutter

卡线钳conductor clamp

单卡头single clamp

双卡头double clamp

安全帽safety helmet

安全带safety belt

绝缘手套insulating glove

绝缘靴insulating boots

护目镜protection spectacles

缝焊机seam welding machine

绝对湿度absolute humidity

加速试验accelerated test

加速accelerating

加速度幅值acceleration amplitude

验收试验acceptance test

精度（风力发电机组）accuracy(for WTGS)

确认acknowledgement

声的基准风速acoustic reference wind speed

临界功率activation power(for wind turbines)

临界转速activation rotational speed

有功电流active current

有功功率active power

主动偏航active yawing

齿轮的变位addendum modification on gears

地址address

可调钳adjustable pliers

调整板adjusting plate

风轮空气动力特性aerodynamic characteristics of rotor 气动弦线aerodynamic chord of airfoil

老化试验ageing tests

空气制动系air braking system

空气湿度air humidity

透气性air permeability

翼型airfoil

接闪器air-termination system

告警alarm

交流电流alternating current

交流电机alternating current machine

交流电压alternating voltage

海拔altitude

环境温度ambient temperature

放大器amplifier

幅值amplitude

模拟信号analog signal

模拟盘analogue board

模拟控制analogue control

叶片几何攻角angle of attack of blade

风轮仰角angle of rotor shaft

年平均annual average

年平均风速annual average wind speed

年发电量annual energy production

年最高日平均温度annual extreme daily mean of temperature

年最高annual maximum

年变化annual variation

视在声功率级apparent sound power level

灭弧装置arc-control device

叶片展弦比aspect ratio

异步电机asynchronous generator

异步电机asynchronous machine

衰减attenuation

自耦变压器auto-transformer

辅助电路auxiliary circuit

辅助装置auxiliary device

有效性availability

可利用率（风力发电机组）availability(for WTGS)

平均噪声average noise level

轴向齿距axial pitch

球头挂环ball-eye

球头挂钩ball-hook

基准误差basic error

波特baud(Bd)

位；比特bit

黑体black body

叶片blade

叶片损失blade losses

锁定（风力机）blocking(for wind turbines)

等电位连接带bonding bar

等电位连接导体bonding conductor

刹车盘brake disc

刹车油brake fluid

闸衬片brake lining

制动机构brake mechanism

闸垫brake pad

制动器闭合brake setting

制动器（风力机）brake(for wind turbines)

制动器释放braking releasing

制动系统braking system

交流电动机的最初起动电流breakaway starting current of an a.c. 击穿breakdown