英语状语从句的用法总结

英语状语从句的用法总结
英语状语从句的用法总结

状语从句

一、时间状语从句

1、引导词:when, while, as

(1)when的用法

①既可以引导一个延续性动作,也可以引导短暂性动作

可用于主从句动作同时发生,也可用于从句动作先于主句动作

②可做并列连词,意为“那时,这时,突然”,相当于at this/that time

I was reading a novel when someone knocked at the door.

还可以表示原因,意为“既然”;表条件,相当于if

How can you hope to get mercy when you don’t show mercy on others?(when=if)

③be doing when + did突然,意想不到的结果

be about to do...when...我刚准备干...突然...

had just done...when...我刚刚做完...突然...

(2)while的用法

①while引导必须是持续性的,侧重主从句动作同时发生

Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

②可做并列连词,意为“而,却”,表对比

While Tom was studing, Ted was playing computer games.

③引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”,相当于though, although

While I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.

(3)as的用法

as引导延续性动作,主从句主语是相同的,多表示主从句动作同时发生

意为“一边......一边......;随着”

Jane sings as she works.

2、引导词:as soon as, immediately, instantly, directly, the moment, the minute, once, no sooner... than..., hardly/scarecely...when...

都意为“一......就......”,从句中用一般现在时代替将来时

Once you remember it, you will never forget it.

注意:no sooner......than......

hardly............when......

scarecely........when......

↓↓

用过去完成时一般过去时

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.

若把no sooner, hardly, scarecely放在句首,其后的句子要倒装

No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.

3、引导词:till, until, not...until...

(1)肯定句:意为“某动作一直持续到某时间点才停止”“一直到......”

Please wait until I come back.

(2)否定句:意为“某动作一直到时间某点才开始”“直到......才......”

He won’t go to bed till/until she returns.

(3)till不可用于句首,而until可以

Until you told me I had no idea of it.

(4)not...until...句式的强调与倒装用法

强调句:It be + not until + that + 主语+ 动词过去式

It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.

4、引导词:before, since

(1)若表达“还未......就......”“不到......就”“......才......”“趁......还没来得及”要用before

We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.

(2)It will be + 一段时间+ before sb. do sth. “多久之后才......”

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It will be half a year before I come back. It was (not)...before...“不久......就......”

(3)since引导从句的谓语动词一般过去时,主句现在完成时/现在完成进行时

She has been working in this factory since she left school.

(4)在It is + 一段时间+ since 从句的句型中,时间计算一律从since从句的动作完成或结束状态时算It is three years since she was in our class.

It was 3 years since he had lived there.他不住这儿已经3年了。

二、地点状语从句

引导词:where, wherever(在任何地方)=no matter where(无论何处)

The photo of mine was taken where stood the famous high tower.

Wherever you go, you can see new facrories and stores.

三、原因状语从句

1、引导词:because, as(由于), since(既然), now that, seeing that, considering that

As the weather was fine, I opened all the windows.

2、for引导的并列句也可表原因,不可放在句首“因为......其原因是......”

It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet.

3、介词短语because of, owing to, due to, thanks to等也表示原因

Thanks to the bad weather, they put off the sports meet.

四、条件状语从句

引导词:if, unless(if...not), as long as, so long as(只要), in case(万一)

As long as you understand the rule, you will have no futher difficulty.

五、方式状语从句

引导词:as, as if, as though(好像), just as, as...so...(正如,就像)

Do just as you like.

As A is to B, so C is to D. 正如......一样

六、让步状语从句

引导词:though, although, even if, even though, whether...or...(不管...还是...), whoever, whichever, however, whatever, whenever, no matter who, no matter which, no matter how, as(尽管), while(=though)

Child as he is, he can do the work well.

Though he is young, he knows...

七、目的主语从句

引导词:so that, in order that, for fear that(以免), in case, lest(免得,以防,唯恐)

Come round to the windows so that I can see you.

in order that 和so that的用法,从句中常有情态动词

八、结果状语从句

引导词:so that, so...that, such...that(如此...以至于), as a result(表结果), as a result of(表原因)

用法如下:

so + 形容词/副词+ that从句

so + 形容词+ a/an + 可数名词单数+ that从句

so + many/much/little/few + 名词+ that从句

such + a/an + 形容词+ 可数名词单数+ that从句

such + 形容词+ 可数名词复数/不可数名词+ that从句

such + a lot of/lots of + 名词+ that从句

It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.

He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.

当so和such置于句首时,主句要倒装

So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.

九、比较状语从句

引导词:as...as..., more...than..., than, less...than..., the more...the more..., the same...as, such...as

His name is the same as his father’s (name).

Tom is as good a student as Jack. =Tom is such a good student as Jack.

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5.before 在。。之前 mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。 6. as soon as o。。就。。。 we began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那就开始工作。 i will write to you as soon as i get home. 我一到家就给你写信。 7. since 自。。。以来到现在 表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 mr green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago. 自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书。 (还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语:si nee three years ago自三年前以 来)表示。) 8 till /until 都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。 they walked till /until it was dark. 他们一直走到天黑 xiao ming didn 't leave home till /iluhnits father came back.

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(一)状语从句概述 定义状语从句用作状语,是起副词作用的句子。 位置状语从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句隔开。 分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 (二)状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词用法示例 when 意为“当…的时候”。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词,也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives, I’ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在…的时候,在…的 同时”。While引导从句的 谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.

的,发生时间较长,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的, 发生时间较短,一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生;as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语, 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后,有时译成 “就,才”。当主句用将来时,You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada

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外研版英语【初中英语】状语从句知识点总结

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