新广州牛津版初一英语上册知识汇总及练习
Unit 1 Making Friends
知识目标高频
词
German，blog，grammar，sound，complete，hobby，county，age，dream，everyone，Germany，mountain，elder，friendly，engineer，world，Japan，
flat，yourself
高频
词组
close to ，go to school，（be）good at，make friends with，all over，I’d like
to=would like to
语法
1.知道what，where，who，how old，when，why，how，which，how many
的含义。
2.能用以上的特殊疑问词来提问，并能回答问题；
3.知道不定冠词a，an的含义
4.能在句子中准确地运用冠词。
【单词·要点】
1.German
作形容词时意为“德国的，德国人的，德语的”；作名词时，表示“德国人”，是可数名词，其复数形式在其后加s，表示“德语”是不可数名词。
2.everyone 每个人。作主语时，be动词用单数
e.g.Everyone is here. 人都到齐了。
辨析everyone与every one
everyone 每个人只指人其后不能接of短语every one 每一个既可指人，也可指物其后可与of短语连用3.favourite 最喜欢的
Favourite通常用来作定语，没有比较级和最高级形式，在含义上相当于like best。
What’s one’s favourite...?=What...does/do sb. like best?
4.dream作可数名词时，意为“梦想”。还可意为“梦，睡梦”。
dream还可用作动词，意为“梦想，做梦”，常用于dream of/about（doing)sth.结构意为“梦见/想（做）某事”。
e.g.I never dream of/about happiness like this. 我从来没想到会这样幸福。
5.elder adj.年长的，与younger相对。
辨析elder与older
elder
用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼
关系常用作定语
都是old的比较级
older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系可用作表语或定语
e.g.My elder brother is one year older than me.
6.friendly adj.友好的。be friendly to sb. 意为“对某人友好”。
friendly 虽然以-ly结尾，但它的词性是形容词，而不是副词。类似的形容词还有：
lovely可爱的lonely 孤独的lively 生动的
Ugly丑的silly 傻的daily 每日的
7.many adj.许多的；也可作代词，意为“许多”。
e.g.There are many students in the school yard.在校园里有许多学生。
Many of us think so.我们中有很多人这样认为。
辨析：many，much与a lot of/lots of
many 修饰可数名词复数many cars many people much 修饰不可数名词much water much time
a lot of/lots of 修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 a lot of cars/water
8.want 及物动词，意为“想要”，常见句型结构有：
want +名词想要..... I want an apple.
want +动词不定式想要做某事I want to go there.
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事He wants me to go.
9.enjoy 及物动词，意为”喜欢，享受....”，后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
10.need
①作实义动词时，意为“需要”,有人称、数和时态的变化，其后常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语。need to do sth. 需要做某事。
e.g.We need some water.
②作情态动词时，意为“需要”，无时态和人称的变化，常用于疑问句和否定句中，其后跟动词原形。need 用于一般疑问句是，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。回答以must开头的问句，作否定回答时一般用needn’t。
e.g.Need he sweep the floor now?他需要现在扫地吗？
—Yes，he must./No,he needn’t.
11.other 另外的，其他的。后接单数或复数名词。
e.g.My other hobbies are watching TV and reading books. 辨析other，the other，others，the others 与another
other 泛指“其他的人或物”可作形容
词或代词e.g.Do you have any other question?
the other 指两者中的另一个 e.g.He lives on the other side of
the river.
others 指（三者以上）其余的人（物）作主语、
宾语
e.g.Give me some others，please。
the others 特指某一范围内的“其他的”作主语 e.g.Two boys will go to the zoo，
and the others will stays
at home。
Ex.Lily and her sister look the same. I can’t tell one from .
A.other
B.the others
C.the other
D.others
【短语·要点】
1.play basketball打篮球。在英语中，表示进行某种球类运动时，直接用“play+表示球类的单数名词”即可，在球类运动名词前不加任何冠词。Play后接西洋乐器类名词时，表示“演奏....”，在西洋乐器类名词前必须加定冠词the。
Ex. Bill likes playing volleyball,but he doesn’t like playing piano.
A.the;the
B./;the
C.the;/
2.be good at意为“擅长....”，后接名词、代词或动名词，同义词组为do well in。
表示“不擅长....”或“在某方面做得不好”，用be bad/poor at.../do badly in.../be weak in...。
辨析be good at,be good for与be good to
be good at 擅长Jenny is good at dancing.
be good for 对....有好处Vegetables are good for us.
be good to 对....好Our teachers are very good to us.
Ex. 1）English is my favourite subject,and I am good it.
A.for
B.to
C.at
D.of
2）Amy is good at .
A.swim
B.swimming
C.swiming
D.swims
3.look like表示“看起来像….”
look是感官动词，后面跟形容词。look也可以和like搭配，表示“看起来像….”，后面跟名词。
e.g.You look so beautiful today.
e.g.The hill looks like an elephane.
4.by school bus意为“乘校车”
by+表示交通工具的单数名词，构成表示交通方式的介宾短语，意为“乘坐/骑......”。
by bicycle骑自行车by taxi坐出租车by car 乘小汽车
by bus 乘公共汽车by train坐火车by plane坐飞机
“by+交通工具名词”在句中作方式状语，提问时用疑问副词how。
5.take the bus意为“乘公共汽车”
辨析take与by
take 动词都有“搭乘”之
意take后的交通工具前应加限定词作谓语
by 介词by后的交通工具前不加限定词作状语
e.g.I take the bus to school.= I go to school by bus.
6.answer to these questions意为“这些问题的答案”
介词to在此表示归属或附加，意为“归于，属于”。
the key to the door门的钥匙the bridge to the knowledge通往知识的桥
the way to school 去学校的路
7.lots of = a lot of意为“许多的，大量的”。
辨析lots of/a lot of与a lot
lots of/a lot of 大量的常用在名词前作定语，表示数量，
a lot 大量，非常可作主语、表语、宾语或状语，但不能修饰名词。
e.g.They need lots of milk everyday.
Mr Green knows a lot about China.（作宾语）
Monkeys like eating bananas a lot.（作状语）
8.hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”，动词不定时作宾语。
e.g.I hope to be your friend.
相关结构：hope for盼望，期待。e.g.We hope for the best.
hope+(that)从句... 希望...e.g.I hope that they win the match！
10.hear from 意为“收到.....的来信”，相当于get/recrive a letter from....。
e.g.It’t great to hear from you.
11.a boy called Bruce一名叫布鲁斯的男孩
called是call的过去分词。过去分词短语called Bruce作后置定语，修饰名词boy。called在此处相当于named。
【用法集萃】
1.listen to 听
2.close to接近
3.all over the world 全世界
4.far away from远离
5.pay attention to注意
6.start with以....开始
7.on the Internet 8.in English 用英语9.learn about了解
10.tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事11.welcome to 欢迎光临
12.be from = come from 来自13.make friends with sb.与某人交朋友
14.like/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事15.live in居住在...
16.would like to do sth.想做某事17.would like sb. to do sth.想某人做某事Exercises：
1）I’d like you for a picnic with us.
A.go
B.to go
C.going
D.went
2）The students in Class Two like sports.
A.playing
B.paly
C.plays
D.played
3）There a pencil and two rulers in the pencil-box.
A.are
B.is
C.be
D.have
4）Linda wants basketball with us this afternoon.
A.play
B.to play
C.plays
D.playing
5）Do you know the girl Amy?
A.call
B.calls
C.called
D.calling
6）Where your Englis teacher come from?
A.is
B.are
C.do
D.does
7）It’s very hard for us to work out the answer the question.
A.in
B.of
C.on
D.to
8）Do you want tennis with me on Saturday morning?
A.to play
B.play
C.playing
9）Do you enjoy English in our class,Mr Green?
A.teach
B.taught
C.to teach
D.teaching
10）Lisa is a little poor at Chinese.I think she needs it every day.
A.practise to speak
B.to practise speaking
C.practise speaking
11）What does your new school ?
A.like
B.look
C.look like
D.looks like
12）She looks very in her new dress.
A.beauty
B.beautiful
C.beautifully
D.more beautiful
13）Her mother goes to work bus every morning.
A.by
B.at
C.on
D.in
【句子·要点】
1.My dream is to be an engineer.我的梦想是成为一名工程师。
本句是一个“主语+连系动词+表语”结构的句子，动词不定式短语在句中作表语。这类句子的主语通常是dream，work，task等名词。
e.g.Our work is to cleam the classroom.
Your task is to get all the balls back.
2.What does your father/mother do? 你父亲/母亲是做什么工作的？
询问某人现在从事何种职业或做什么工作，常用“What do/does+sb.+do?”句型。
询问职业的其他句型还有：
What + be + sb.？/What is sb.’s job？/What do/does + sb.+want to be?
3.Below are some reference books.下面是一些参考书。
本句是一个倒装句。below作副词，意为“在下面”，与above相对。
e.g.Look at the pictures below.看下面的图片。
below还可作介词，意为“在.....下方”，可指位置、程度、数量等、
e.g.The boat is below the bridge.船位于桥的下方。
【语法专项】
一、特殊疑问句
1.定义：特殊疑问句是指以who，what，whose，which，when，where，why，how等疑问句开头，对陈述句中某一部分提问的句子。回答时，不用yes或no，而是用一个句子或短语。
what 通常用来对职业或事物提问，表示“什么，什么事”
who 通常用来对人提问，表示“谁”
when 通常用来对时间提问，表示“什么时候”
where 通常用来对地点提问，表示“哪里”
which 通常用来对待定范围内的人或物提问，表示“哪一个”
whose 通常用来对所属关系提问，表示“谁的”
why 通常用来对原因提问，表示“为什么”
how 通常用来对方式提问，表示“如何”
how old 通常用来对年龄提问，表示“几岁”
how many 通常用来对数量提问，表示“多少”，后面跟可数名词的复数形式
how much 通常用来对金钱提问，表示“多少钱”
2.句型结构
特殊疑问句的结构为：疑问词+ 一般疑问句？具体有以下两种情况：
（1）疑问词+ be + 主语（+其他）？
e.g.Who is your teacher？
How old is your brother？
Where are my books?
Why is he late?
（2）疑问词+ 助动词+ 主语+ 行为动词（+ 其他）？
e.g.What does your father do?
Why do you like English?
How many books do you have?
（3）当主语是疑问代词who，whose，what,which或由疑问代词修饰主语时，句子应用陈述语序（主语和谓语不倒装）。
e.g.Who likes playing footbal?
Which train leaves for Beijing?
Exercises:
（）1)—do you speak English so well?
—Because I practice it with my partner every day.
A.Why
B.When
C.Who
（）2)—is Jeremy Lin?
—He is a famous Harvard-educated,Asian-American NBA basketball player.
A.Where
B.What
C.Why
D.How old
（）3）—do you go to work every day？
—By bike.
A.What
B.Who
C.How
D.When
（）4）—can we find your brother at weekends?
—On the football field.
A.When
B.Which
C.Why
D.Where
（）5）—is her favourite subject？
—Her favourite subject is art.
A.Why
B.When
C.Who
D.What
二、不定冠词
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的含义。它分为不定冠词（a，an）和定冠词（the）两种。本单元主要学习不定冠词a和an的用法。
1.a和an的用法
（1）用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一类An elephant is heavy.
（2）指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物 A reporter wants to see you. （3）表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈I have a mouth,a nose,two eyes.
I go to school five days a week. （4）表示每一，用在表示时间、速度、价格的名词前，
相当于every
（5）用于某些固定词组中 a little,a lot of,a few
2.a 和an的区别
a用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前。
e.g.an antor a doctor an apple
注：hour, honest 等单词以及f,h,l,m,n,s,x等辅音字母，发音是以元音音素开头的，所以当它们前面需加不定冠词时用an；相反，useful,university,European等单词的发音却是以辅音音素开头，当它们前面需加不定冠词时用a。
e.g.a university an hour
Exercises：
（）1）—Excuse me，is this egg？
—No，it’s cake.
A.an;a
B.a;a
C.a;an
D.an;an
（）2）There is “u”and “h” in the word “hour”.
A.an;an
B.a;a
C.an;a
D.a;an
（）3）—Be careful！There is dog lying on the ground.
—Thanks a lot.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
Unit 2
知识目标高频
词
daily,article,never,table tennis,ride,usually,so,seldom,guitar,
geography,bell,ring,end,band,practice,together,market,break,grade
高频
词组
junior high school,on foot,take part in,have a good time,go to bed,
get up
语法
1.认识一般现在时的基本用法；
2.了解行为动词在第三人称单数后需加“s”或“es”等变化；
3.学会一般现在时的肯定句、疑问句和否定句的句式；
4.在具体情景中能准确地运用频度副词：always，usually，often，sometimes，
seldom，never。
【单词·要点】1.love 热爱，喜欢
love后面可以接动词的-ing形式和动词不定式，构成句型love doing sth.或love to do sth.，意为“喜欢做某事”。love doing sth强调习惯性的动作，而love to do sth.强调某一次特定的动作。可与like互换。
2.so 因此，所以
在连接表示原因和结果的两个句子时，so后面的句子表示结果，与前面表示原因的句子往往用逗号分开。e.g.I am tired,so I want to have a break.
3.辨析watch,look,see与read
watch 观看，注视指全神贯注地看。看电视、看戏、
看比赛、看实验以及各种表演等watch TV
watch a game/match
look 看，望指动作的过程，表示有意识地集
中精力看，但不一定看见，不强
调看的结果，其后接宾语时要加
介词at look at 看look for寻找look after照顾
look up 查寻，查阅
see 看见，看到主要强调动作的结果，但不一定
是有意识地看，其后可直接跟名
词或代词作宾语see a movie 看电影see a doctor看医生
read 阅读，读懂主要指看书、看报、看杂志read newspaper看报
4.At about 5:30pm. 大约在下午5:30
介词at此处表示时间，意为“在”。
辨析at，in与on
at 在具体的钟点前at twe lve o’clock
in 泛指在上午、下午或晚上
在年、月或季节前in the morning,in 2013 in January,in spring
on 在具体日期前；在星期几前；在节日前；
在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前；
在有限定词的上午、下午或晚上前on Sunday afternoon;on Monday on the morning of July 7th;
on a cold winter morning
5.arrive到达
arrive不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，应加介词in或at。大地方用in，小地方用at。【短语·要点】
1.once or twice a week每周一两次。
在英语表示频率的表达中，表示“一次”用“once”，“两次”用“twice”，若次数为“三次或三次以上”时则用“基数词+times”，此时time是可数名词，意为“次数”。
e.g.three times six times
2.on foot 步行
go to … on foot 意为“步行去…..”，可与walk to…互换使用。
3.take part in参加
通常指参加集体性活动，如参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗和庆祝等活动。
e.g.John takes part in many school activities.
Ex.下周大约有300名学生将参加学校的运动会。
About 300 students the school sports meeting next week. 【拓展】join是及物动词，意为“加入”，表示加入某一组织，党派，社会团体、某一人群或某一活动中，从而成为其中的成员。join后常出现club,army,team,group以及人称代词宾格等。
e.g.join the swimming club参加游泳俱乐部join the army 参军
4.how often 多久一次
用于对表示频率的词语提问，回答时通常用usually,often,every day,every night,once a day等表示频率的副词或短语。
辨析how often,how soon 与how long
how often多久一次用来对频度副词或频度副词短语提问
how soon多久以后用来对表示将来的一段时间提问
how long多长时间用来对一段时间提问
Ex.
( )1）—do you go to the library?
—Once a month.
A.How many times
B.How soon
C.What time
D.How often
2)We help grandmother clean her house three times a week.(对划线部分提问)
do you help grandmother clean her house?
3)She will be back in an hour.(对划线部分提问）
will she be back?
5.ride a bicycle 骑自行车
ride可作及物或不及物动词，表示“骑(自行车/马）；乘（车）”。
e.g.I can’t ride a horse.
辨析ride a bike 与by bike
ride a bike 动词短语bike前必须加限定词在句中作谓语，表示动作by bike 介词短语bike前不加限定词在句中作状语，表示方式
6.between...and ...在.....和.....之间
e.g.The building is between the school and the park.
辨析between与among
between 常指“在......（两者）之间”；当后接三
者或三者以上的人或物时，是把这些物
体分别看待，指每两者之间。She takes some medicine between meals every day.
among 用于指“在.....（三者或三者以上的人或
物）之间”
He is sitting among the children.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5e6822293.html,ter in the afternoon下午稍晚的时候
later副词，意为“后来，过后”。常用于“一段时间+later”，表示“.....之后”。
e.g.He came back two days later.
8.at the end of在.....末，在.....尽头。表示时间、空间或事件的过程。
相关短语：by the end of...到....末in the end最后，终于
come to an end告终，结束end up with...以.....结束
9.help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事。with后跟名词或代词。
e.g.Sometimes I help my mother with the housework.
相关短语：①help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
e.g.Let’s help the old man(to) carry the box.
②help (to) do sth.帮助做某事
e.g.Can you help (to)water the flowers?
【句子·要点】
1.How short it is! 休息时间多么短啊！
本句是一个由how引导的感叹句，其构成为：How + 形容词/副词+ 主语+ 谓语！
e.g.How beautiful our school is!
How fast he runs!
【拓展】what也可引导感叹句，其构成为：
①What + a(an) + 形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
e.g.What a kind man he is！
②What +形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语！
e.g.What fine weather it is today！
What beautiful flowers these are！
2.People often start by writing“Dear Diary”.
“by+v.-ing形式”意为“通过做某事”。介词by意为“通过....,凭.....”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示通过做某事而得到某种结果。常用来回答How do you...？或How can I...？这类问句
e.g.—How do you learn English?
—I learn English by listening to cassettes.
【用法集萃】
1.talk about 谈论
2.from...to...从....到....
3.keep a diary 记日记
4.ask sb. about sth.询问某人关于某事
5.junior high school 初级中学
6.in the world 在世界上
7.after-school activities 课外活动
8.have a good/great time=enjoy oneself=have fun 过得愉快9.play with和某人玩
10.brush one’s teeth 刷牙11.be close to +地点名词离某地近
11.a glass of ...一杯..... 12.after lunch 午饭后
Ex.( )1)Tom,please give me .
A.a glass of milk
B.a glass of milks
C.two glass of milk
D.two glasses of milks
( )2)Jenny is friendly,and she always helps me my English.
A.with
B.to
C.of
D.on
( )3)My father always goes to bed 10p.m.
A.on
B.in
C.for
D.at
( )4)The two kids practice spoken English joining the English club.
A.by
B.in
C.on
D.with
( )5)At weekends,my sister loves but my brother likes fishing.
A.swim;go
B.swimming;going
C.swim;going
D.swimming;go
( )6)There are not any buses here, my father has to walk home every day.
A.because
B.and
C.so
D.but
( )7) she was ill, she didn’t go to school.
A.Because;so
B.Because;/
C.So;because
D.So;/
（)8) interesiting the book is!
A.How
B.What
C.How an
D.What an
( )9) beautiful your school is!
A.How a
B.How
C.What a
D.What
10)你喜欢打羽毛球吗？
Do you badminton?
11)让我们到乡村去帮助孩子们学习。
Let’s go to the countryside to the kids their study.
12)午饭后，他们出去了。
They went outside .
13)聚会时，我坐在苏和简之间。
I sat Sue Jane at the party.
14)下午晚些时候我将跟妈妈出去购物。
I will go shopping with my mother
15)下学期彼特将要去中学读书了。他将是一名初中生。
Peter will study in the Middle School next term.He will be a
Student.
16)我每月拜访祖父母两三次
I visit my grandparents .
17)My grandmother walks to the park every afternoon.（同义句转换）
= My grandmother the park every afternoon.
【语法专项】
一、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，也可以表示现在存在的状态或主语具有的性质、特征等。一般现在时常与always，usually，often，sometimes等频度副词或every day/week/morning，in the morning/afternoon/evening等时间状语连用。
谓语动词句式结构
be动词的一般现在时肯定句主语+be（am，is，are）+其他
否定句主语+be（am，is，are）+not+其他一般疑问句Be+主语+其他
特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句？
行为动词的一般现在时肯定句主语+行为动词原形/行为动词三单形式+其他. 否定句主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？
特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句？
e.g.I am eleven years old. Are you good at swimming?
My elder sister loves reading. Where are they from?
Does your father like playing computer games?
Ex.( )1)—What’s his brother?
—He is a teacher.He maths at a school.
A.taught
B.has taught
C.teaches
D.will teache
（）2)Lucy and Lily sisters.They study at the same school.
A.be
B.am
C.is
D.are
( )3)Summer holiday is coming,Li Lei with his father to go to Shanghai.
A.want
B.will want
C.wants
二、频度副词
频度副词在句中通常位于实义动词之前，be动词或情态动词等之后。按照动作发生的频率高低，常见的频度副词有：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never。表示频率的常见副词短语有：once a week,twice a year,every day,every month。
Ex.
( )1)—Does Anna play baseball on Sunday?
—No,she .
A.is never
B.never is
C.never does
D.does never
( )2)Alan to work by bicycle.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5e6822293.html,ually go
B.go usually
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5e6822293.html,ually goes
D.goes usually
( )3)Bobby always gets up early,but Mary and Amy .
A.doesn’t always
B.always doesn’t
C.don’t always
D.always don’t ( )4)Mr. Zhang is very busy with his business,so he has time to play.
A.always;seldom
B.always;sometimes
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5e6822293.html,ually;often
D.sometimes;never ( )5)We usually have dinner at home in the evening,but we eat out.
A.sometimes
B.seldom
C.never
D.always
( )6)—How often do the students play sports? —.
A.Twice a day
B.Since last day
C.For two hours
D.A month ago
Unit 3
知识目标
高频词
Earth，quiz，pattern ，protect，report，part，land，field，large，provide
pollution，burn，energy，pollute，into，ground，kill，must，important ，
fact，kilometer，own，catch，few，away，problem
高频词组
provide …with… put…into…
find out throw away
语法
1.能分辨常用的可数名词和不可数名词，并掌握其使用规律；
2.掌握存在句there is/are .... 的用法。
【单词·要点】
1.Earth 地球，其前需加定冠词the。
e.g.The Moon goes round the Earth.
on Earth = on (the) earth
【拓展】on earth 还有“到底，究竟”之意，至于what，when等疑问词之后，以加强问句的语气。 e.g.What on earth is it?这到底是什么东西？
on earth作“世上”解，用于最高级之后，以加强语气。
e.g.I’m the happiest man on earth.我是世上最幸福的人。
2. large adj.大的。同义词为big。
辨析：large，big and great
large “大的”（反义词：small），多指面积大
big “大的“，其反义词是little，与large一样都指具体事物，但big多指体积大，还可表示“巨大，伟大，重要”等。
great “巨大的，伟大的，重大的”，除表示数量、体积大外，还指抽象的事物或精神方面的东西。
e.g.China is a large country.(强调面积）
China is a big country.（强调实力）
China is a great country.（强调伟大）
3.Air has no smell.空气无味。
①no修饰可数名词单数时，相当于not a/an。
e.g.She has no brother.= She doesn’t have a brother.
②no修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词时，相当于not any。
e.g.There are no desks in the classroom.=There aren’t any desks in the classroo m.
4.else 别的，另外的
else修饰不定代词、疑问代词或副词时须后置。
e.g.There is nobody else in the room.
【拓展】other也有“别的，其他的”之意，是形容词，放在名词前作定语。
e.g.What other things can you see on the table?
5.any adj.一些。修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数均可。
any还可以作为代词，表示“任何”。e.g.I don’t like any of them.
any作形容词也有“任何的”之意，但只用于肯定句中。e.g.Any colour is OK.
辨析any与some
any 常用于否定句和疑问句中Do you have any English book?
some 常用在肯定句中，也可用在表示委婉请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中I have some English books. Would you like some drinks?
Ex.( )1.—Would you like to have coffee?
—No,thanks.I don’t want drinks now.
A.any;any
B.any;some
C.some;some
D.some;any
6.own adj.自己的；v.拥有，相当于have。
e.g.She makes all her own clothes.
I own a new bike. = I have a new bike.
辨析own与have
own 强调具有法律上的所有权Who owns this land?
have 表示某人或某物“拥有、具有、含有某人、某事物或某性质”，是比较客观的说法，强调所属关系She has dark hair and brown eyes.
7.problem可数名词，意为“问题，难题”
辨析problem 与question
problem 指有一些麻烦或困难的问题 a scientific problem
question 指比较容易解决或回答的问题The teacher asks the questions and the
students answer them.
8.alive adj.意为“活着的，在世的”
辨析alive 与living
alive 通常作表语或后置定语Is the fish still alive?
living 修饰人或物时须前置All living things need air.
【短语·要点】
1．protect sb./sth. from….. 保护某人/某物免受…..伤害
E.g. We must protect the forest from fire.我们必须保护那片森林免受水灾。
2．be covered by…被…覆盖（表动作）
be covered with… 覆盖（表状态）
Ex.( )1)The snow is too heavy.All the roads by it and it’s white everywhere.
A.cover
B.covered
C.are covered
D.is covered
E.g. Much of the land is covered by forest. 森林覆盖着大片土地。
The road is covered with leaves in autumn. 秋天这条路盖满了树叶。
3．provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
辨析：provide and offer
provide 指“准备好必需品来供应”
provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth.
E.g. They provide food for the hungry children.
offer
指“主动地提供帮助、支撑
等”，强调“主动提供”
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
E.g. The boys offered to help the old.
4. put...into... 把……倒入……
E.g. They put the waste into the river. 他们把废水倒入河中。
与put有关的短语：
put up 举起；张贴put off 推迟；推延put away 把…..收拾好
put down 放下；写下，记下put on 穿上put out 熄灭，扑灭
5．stop doing sth.停止做某事。
辨析stop doing sth. and stop to do sth
stop doing sth. 停止做某事（doing作宾语）
e.g. We stopped talking when Mr Wang came in.
stop to do sth 停下来做某事（to do作目的状语）
e.g.We stopped to talk when we met in the street.
Ex.( )1)When we run on the playground,Jack suddenly stops and lies on the ground,so we all stop what’s wrong.
A.to run;to see
B.running;seeing
C.running;to see
D.to run;seeing
6.fewer and fewer 越来越少。
“比较级+ and +比较级”常表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化，表示“越来越....”
e.g.So pandas have less and less space to live on.
Ex.( )1)It’s summer now.The weather is getting .
A.higher and higher
B.lower and lower
C.hotter and hotter
D.colder and colder
7.find out 发现，查明
辨析find out 与find
find out 指经过观察、调查把事物查出来，搞清楚、弄明白事情的真相find 作“发现”讲时，常指偶然发现，也指通过一番寻找后有了结果8．keep sb./sth. +形容词保持某人/某物……
e.g.Coats can keep you warm. 外套能使你暖和。
Ex. ( )1)You should keep the window because the room is too hot.
A.open
B.opening
C.opened
【用法集萃】
1.on the land 在陆地上
2.in the sky/air 在空中
3.under the water 在水下
4.make energy 制造能源
5.under the ground 在地下
6.one quarter 四分之一
7.throw away 扔掉
8.catch a fish/fishes 捕鱼
9.lift…up… 抬起
10.put…into… 把…倒入….. 11.let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
12.find out 发现，查明13．need sb./sth. to do sth. 需要某人/某物做某事
一、用适当的介词填空。
1）Look!Fish are swimming the water.
2)There are many kinds of animals and plants the land.
3)My brother dug a hole the ground.
4)Birds usually fly the sky in spring.
5)He lifted his left foot . Because there was lots of water under it.
6)Don’t throw the old books.They are very useful fo us.
二、根据中文意思完成句子。
1）不要把废水倒进湖里。
Don’t the waste water lakes.
2)我们可以用许多不同的方法来制造能源。
We can in many different ways.
3)她吃了这个苹果的四分之一。
She ate of the apple.
4)这个小孩能提起这个笨重的箱子。
The child can the heavy box .
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( ) 8. How much are these shoes? _________ twenty dollars. A. Are B. There C. They’re D. Their ( ) 9. My father usually________ a shower _________the morning. A. take; in B. takes; in C. take; on D. takes; at ( )10. ________you play the violin? A. Are B. Can C. Is D. When ( )11 ---This is my sister Ann. ---Is _____ a student? A. she B. he C. her D. his ( )12. I ________ two baseballs and my friend ________five baseballs. A. have; have B. have; has C. has; have D. has; has ( ) 13. ---Is that your book? ---Yes, ________. A. it is B. it isn’t C. it’s D. this is ( )14. Miss Wei often helps us ________ our English. A. at B. in C. of D. with ( )15. I want __________ the music club. A. join B. to join C. joins D. be join II．从A、B、C、D中选择最恰当的选项填进文章中去，你会读到一个有意思的故
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Unit 6 随堂小测 [时间:40分钟分值:100分] Ⅰ.选择填空(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 1., or we'll miss the beginning of the concert. https://www.360docs.net/doc/5e6822293.html,e out B.Hurry up C.Be quiet D.Never mind 2.Alice didn't want to let the cat , so she ran after it. A. get away B.get into C. get out D. get off 3.—you tired after running? —No. I feel tired at all. That was a piece of cake for me. A.Did; didn't B.Were; wasn't C.Were; didn't D.Did; wasn't 4.—Did you that John was a little quiet yesterday? —Yes. He didn't say a word the whole day. A.explain B.hope C.wish D.notice 5.—Can a plane fly the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋)? —Yes, but it needs to go the clouds for hours. A.across; through B.through; across C.across; across D.through; through 6.—Do you get the news about the World Cup? —Yes, I'm so because my favourite team won again. A.exciting; exciting B.excited; excited C.exciting; excited D.excited; exciting 7.A primary school in England has signs at its three entrances(入口), saying “Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile.” A.put into B.put off C.put on D.put up
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2017—2018学年度第一学期期末质量检测 七年级 英语试题（卷） I 、单项选择（每空1分，共20 分） ( ) 1.He has _______ egg and ________ hamburger. A. an; an B. a; a C. an; a D. a; an ( )2.---_________﹗Where is my cup? ---_________ ,I don’t know. A. Excuse me; Yes B. Yes, Sorry C. Excuse me; Sorry D. Sorry; Yes ( ) 3.Sorry, this is not ______ eraser. Please ask __________. A. his; his B. my; his C. his, me D. my; him ( ) 4. ---How much _________ this bag? ---___________eight dollars. A. be; It’s B. am; They’re C .is; It’s D. are; They’re ( ) 5.Thank you _______ the photo _______ your family. A. for; for B. for; of C. of; of D. for; to ( ) 6. September is the_______ month of the year. A. nineth B. tenth C. nine D. ninth ( ) 7. ―Your hat is very nice. ―______. A. You are right B. That's right C. You are welcome D. Thank you ( )8. I found a set of in the classroom. A. key B. keys C. a key D. an key ( )9. —Is this pencil? —Yes. The pen is , too. A. your; my B. yours; mine C. your; mine D. yours; my ( ) 10. ---_________ your father _________ eating meat? A. Do; like B. Does; like C. Do; likes D. Are; like ( ) 11. This is my dress. That one is . A. Mary’s B. my sister C. mother D. Mary ( )12、I don’t like this TV program. It’s _____. A. fun B. difficult C. boring D. relaxing ( ) 13. Let’s _________ now. A. go to home B. to go home C. go home D. to go to ( )14. Jim likes sports, he only watches them on TV. A. and B. but C. or D. with ( )15．If you need my help, you can me__________ 63271567． A. at B. by C. in D. to ( )16．__________is your backpack? It’s red and yellow． A ．What B ．Where C ．What color D ．Why ( )17. I want __________ the music club. A. join B. to join C. joins D. be join ( )18. I ________ two baseballs and my friend ________five baseballs. A. have; have B. have; has C. has; have D. has; has ( )19. ________you play the violin? A. Are B. Can C. Is D. When ( )20. He _________ his homework at school. A. doesn’t do B. don’t does C. isn’t do D. does not 考场 班级 姓名 考号 密 封 线
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