体育英语词汇和术语

体育英语词汇和术语

General Terms 一般词汇Tennis 网球

Athletics 竞技Swimming 游泳

Individual Sports 体育项目Football 足球

Games and Competitions 球类运动Baseball & Softball 棒球和垒球Water Sports 水上运动Wrestling 搏击类竞技Bicycles and Motorcycles 自行车和摩托Basketball 篮球

Riding and Horse Races 赛马Boxing 拳击

赵宝斌编辑整理

1.General Terms 一般词汇

manager 经纪人

instructor 教练,技术指导

guide 领队

trainer 助理教练

referee, umpire (网球.棒球)裁判

linesman, touch judge (橄榄球)裁判

contestant, competitor, player 运动员

professional 职业运动员

amateur 业余运动员,爱好者

enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者

favourite 可望取胜者(美作:favorite)

outsider 无取胜希望者

championship 冠军赛,锦标赛

champion 冠军

record 纪录

record holder 纪录创造者

ace 网球赛中的一分

Olympic Games, Olympics 奥林匹克运动会

Winter Olympics 冬季奥林匹克运动会stadium 运动场

track 跑道

ring 圈

ground, field 场地

pitch (足球、橄榄球)场地

court 网球场

team, side 队

竞技性运动competitive sport

用粉笔记下（分数等）；达到，得到chalk up 出名make one's mark

体育项目（尤指重要比赛）event

体育PE (Physical Education)

体格、体质physique

培训groom

余的，带零头的odd

年少者junior

残疾人the handicapped/disabled

学龄前儿童preschool

全体；普通；一般at large

平均寿命life expectancy

复兴revitalize

使有系统；整理systemize

历史悠久的time-honored

跳板spring-board

秋千swing

石弓，弩crossbow

（比赛等的）观众spectator

取得进展make headway

体育大国/强国sporting/sports power

与...有关系，加入be affiliated to/with

落后lag behind

武术martial arts

五禽戏five-animal exercises

体育运动physical culture and sports

增强体质to strengthen one's physique

可喜的，令人满意的gratifying

称号，绰号label

涌现出来to come to the fore

源源不断a steady flow of

队伍contingent

又红又专/思想好，业务精to be both socialist-minded and vocationally proficient

体育界sports circle(s)

承担义务to undertake obligation

黑马dark horse

冷门an unexpected winner; dark horse

爆冷门to produce an unexpected winner

发展体育运动，增强人民体质Promote physical culture and build up the people's health 锻炼身体，保卫祖国Build up a good physique to defend the country

为祖国争光to win honors for the motherland

胜不骄，败不馁

Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat. 体育道德sportsmanship

打出水平，打出风格up to one's best level in skill and style of play

竞技状态好in good form

失常to lose one's usual form

比分领先to outscore

打成平局to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score

失利to lose

中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委）

Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC (State Physical Culture and Sports Commission) 中华全国体育总会All-China Sports Federation

国际奥林匹克委员会International Olympic Committee

少年业余体育学校youth spare-time sports school, youth amateur athletic school

辅导站coaching center

体育中心sports center/complex

竞赛信息中心competition information center

运动会sports meet; athletic meeting; games

全国运动会National Games

世界大学生运动会World University Games; Universiade

比赛地点competition/sports venue(s)

国际比赛international tournament

邀请赛invitational/invitational tournament

锦标赛championship

东道国host country/nation

体育场stadium; sports field/ground

体育馆gymnasium, gym; indoor stadium

比赛场馆competition gymnasiums and stadiums

练习场馆training gymnasiums

操场playground; sports ground; drill ground

体育活动sports/sporting activities

体育锻炼physical training

体育锻炼标准standard for physical training

体育疗法physical exercise therapy; sports therapy

广播操setting-up exercises to music

课/工间操physical exercises during breaks

体育工作者physical culture workers, sports organizer 运动爱好者sports fan/enthusiast

观众spectator

啦啦队cheering-section

啦啦队长cheer-leader

国家队national team

种子队seeded team

主队home team

客队visiting team

教练员coach

裁判员referee, umpire

裁判长chief referee

团体项目team event

单项individual event

男子项目men's event

女子项目women's event

冠军champion; gold medalist

全能冠军all-round champion

亚军running-up; second; silver medalist

第三名third; bronze medalist

世界纪录保持者world-record holder

运动员athlete; sportsman

种子选手seeded player; seed

优秀选手top-ranking/topnotch athlete

田径运动track and field; athletics

田赛field events

竞赛track events

跳高high jump

撑杆跳高pole jump; polevault

跳远long/broad jump

三级跳远hop, step and jump; triple jump 标枪javelin throw

铅球shot put

铁饼discus throw

链球hammer throw

马拉松赛跑Marathon (race)

接力relay race; relay

跨栏比赛hurdles; hurdle race

竞走walking; walking race

体操gymnastics

自由体操floor/free exercises

技巧运动acrobatic gymnastics

垫上运动mat exercises

单杠horizontal bar

双杠parallel bars

高低杠uneven bars; high-low bars

吊环rings

跳马vaulting horse

鞍马pommel horse

平衡木balance beam

球类运动ball games

足球football; soccer

足球场field; pitch

篮球basketball

篮球场basketball court

排球volleyball

乒乓球table tennis; ping pong

乒乓球拍racket; bat

羽毛球运动badminton

羽毛球shuttlecock; shuttle

球拍racket

网球tennis

棒球baseball

垒球softball

棒/垒球场baseball(soft ball)field/ground 手球handball

手球场handball field

曲棍球hockey; field hockey

冰上运动ice sports

冰球运动ice hockey

冰球场rink

冰球puck; rubber

速度滑冰speed skating

花样滑冰figure skating

冰场skating rink; ice rink

人工冰场artificial ice stadium

滑雪skiing

速度滑雪cross country ski racing 高山滑雪alpine skiing

水上运动water/acquatic sports

水上运动中心aquatic sports center 水球（运动）water polo

水球场playing pool

滑水water-skiing

冲浪surfing

游泳swimming

游泳池swimming pool

游泳馆natatorium

自由泳freestyle; crawl (stroke)

蛙泳breaststroke

侧泳sidestroke

蝶泳butterfly (stroke)

海豚式dolphin stroke/kick

蹼泳fin swimming

跳水diving

跳台跳水platform diving

跳板跳水springboard diving

赛艇运动rowing

滑艇/皮艇canoeing

帆船运动yachting; sailing

赛龙船dragon-boat racing

室内运动indoor sports

举重weightlifting

重量级heavyweight

中量级middleweight

轻量级lightweight

拳击boxing

摔交wresting

击剑fencing

射击shooting

靶场shooting range

射箭archery

拳术quanshu; barehanded exercise; Chinese boxing

气功qigong; breathing exercises

自行车运动cycling; cycle racing

赛车场（自行车等的）倾斜赛车场cycling track

室内自行车赛场indoor velodrome

摩托运动motorcycling

登山运动mountaineering; mountain-climbing

骑术horsemanship

赛马场equestrian park

国际象棋(international) chess

特级大师grandmaster

象棋xiangqi; Chinese chess

To the top(回页首) 2.Athletics 竞技

race 跑

middle-distance race 中长跑

long-distance runner 长跑运动员

sprint 短跑(美作:dash)

the 400 metre hurdles 400米栏marathon 马拉松

decathlon 十项

cross-country race 越野跑

jump 跳跃

jumping 跳跃运动

high jump 跳高

long jump 跳远(美作:broad jump) triple jump, hop step and jump 三级跳pole vault 撑竿跳

throw 投掷

throwing 投掷运动

putting the shot, shot put 推铅球throwing the discus 掷铁饼

throwing the hammer 掷链锤throwing the javelin 掷标枪

walk 竞走

3.Individual Sports 体育项目gymnastics 体操

gymnastic apparatus 体操器械horizontal bar 单杠

parallel bars 双杠

rings 吊环

trapeze 秋千

wall bars 肋木

side horse, pommelled horse 鞍马

weight-lifting 举重

weights 重量级

boxing 拳击

Greece-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤hold, lock 揪钮

judo 柔道

fencing 击剑

winter sports 冬季运动

skiing 滑雪

ski 滑雪板

downhill race 速降滑雪赛,滑降slalom 障碍滑雪

ski jumping competition 跳高滑雪比赛ski jump 跳高滑雪

ice skating 滑冰

figure skating 花样滑冰

roller skating 滑旱冰

bobsleigh, bobsled 雪橇

4.Games and Competitions 球类运动football 足球

rugby 橄榄球

basketball 篮球

volleyball 排球

tennis 网球

baseball 垒球

handball 手球

hockey 曲棍球

golf 高尔夫球

cricket 板球

ice hockey 冰球

goalkeeper 球门员

centre kick 中线发球

goal kick 球门发球

throw in, line-out 边线发球

to score a goal 射门得分

to convert a try 对方球门线后触地得分batsman 板球运动员

batter 击球运动员

men's singles 单打运动员

in the mixed doubles 混合双打

5.Water Sports 水上运动

swimming pool 游泳池

swimming 游泳

medley relay 混合泳

crawl 爬泳

breaststroke 蛙式

backstroke 仰式

freestyle 自由式

butterfly (stroke) 蝶泳

diving competition 跳水

water polo 水球

water skiing 水橇

rowing 划船

canoe 划艇

boat race 赛艇

yacht 游艇

kayak 皮船

sailing 帆船运动

outboard boat 船外马达

6.Bicycles and Motorcycles 自行车和摩托车car 车类运动

velodrome, cycling stadium 自行车赛车场road race 公路赛

race 计时赛

chase 追逐赛

motorcycle, motorbike 摩托车

racing car 赛车

racing driver 赛车驾驶员

rally 汽车拉力赛

7.Riding and Horse Races 赛马

riding 骑马

racecourse, racetrack 跑马场,赛马场jockey, polo 马球

rider 马球运动员

show jumping competition 跳跃赛steeplechase 障碍赛

fence 障碍

trotter 快跑的马

8.Tennis 网球

tennis 网球运动

lawn tennis 草地网球运动

grass court 草地网球场racket 球拍

racket press 球拍夹

gut, string （球拍的）弦

line ball 触线球

baseline ball 底线球

sideline ball 边线球

straight ball 直线球

down-the-line shot 边线直线球crosscourt 斜线球

high ball, lob 高球

low ball 低球

long shot 长球

short shot 短球

cut 削球

smash 抽球

jump smash 跃起抽球

spin 旋转球

low drive 抽低球

volley 截击空中球

low volley 低截球

deep ball 深球

heavy ball 重球

net 落网球

flat stroke 平击球

flat drive 平抽球

let 重发球

fluke, set-up, easy 机会球

ground stroke 击触地球

wide 打出边线的球

overhead smash, overhand smash 高球扣杀

game 局

set 盘

fifteen all 一平

thirty all 二平

forty all 三平

deuce 局末平分, 盘末平局

love game 一方得零分的一局

double fault 双误, 两次发球失误

‘not up’, 两跳，还击前球着地两次

service line 发球线

fore court 前场

back court 后场

centre mark 中点

server 发球员

receiver 接球员

To the top(回页首) 9.Swimming 游泳

swimming pool 游泳池

changing room 更衣室

shower 淋浴

diving platform 跳台

ten-meter platform 10米跳台

five-meter platform 5米跳台

three-meter springboard 3米跳板

one-meter springboard 1米跳板

diving pool 跳水池

non-swimmer's pool 浅水池

swimmer's pool 深水池

starting block 出发台

starting dive 出发起跳

rope with cork floats 水线

swimming lane 泳道

touching the finishing line 终点触线

timekeeper 计时员

lifesaver, lifeguard 救生员

land drill 陆上练习

breaststroke 蛙泳

crawl stroke 爬泳

back stroke 仰泳

side stroke 侧泳

butterfly stroke 蝶泳

dolphin butterfly stroke 海豚式蝶泳

treading water 踩水

underwater swimming 潜泳

swimming pool with artificial waves 人工海浪泳池artificial waves 人工海浪

swimming trunks 泳裤

swimsuit, swimming suit 泳衣

swimming cap 泳帽

bikini 比基尼泳衣

bikini top 比基尼乳罩

bikini bottom 比基尼式泳裤

surfing 冲浪

surfboard 冲浪板

water ski 滑水橇

10.Football 足球

f ootball, soccer, Association football 足球field, pitch 足球场

midfield 中场

kick-off circle 中圈

half-way line 中线

football, eleven 足球队

football player 足球运动员goalkeeper, goaltender, goalie 守门员back 后卫

left 左后卫

right back 右后卫

centre half back 中卫

half back 前卫

left half back 左前卫

right half back 右前卫

forward 前锋

centre forward, centre 中锋

inside left forward, inside left 左内锋inside right forward, inside right 右内锋outside left forward, outside left 左边锋

outside right forward, outside right 右边锋kickoff 开球

bicycle kick, overhead kick 倒钩球

chest-high ball 平胸球

corner ball, corner 角球

goal kick 球门球

ground ball, grounder 地面球

hand ball 手触球

header 头球

penalty kick 点球

spot kick 罚点球

free kick 罚任意球

throw-in 掷界外球

ball handling 控制球

block tackle 正面抢截

body check 身体阻挡

bullt 球门前混战

fair charge 合理冲撞

chesting 胸部挡球

close-marking defence 钉人防守

close pass, short pass 短传consecutive passes 连续传球

deceptive movement 假动作

diving header 鱼跃顶球

flying headar 跳起顶球

dribbling 盘球

finger-tip save （守门员）托救球

clean catching （守门员）跳球抓好flank pass 边线传球

high lobbing pass 高吊传球

scissor pass 交叉传球

volley pass 凌空传球

triangular pass 三角传球

rolling pass, ground pass 滚地传球slide tackle 铲球

clearance kick 解除危险的球

to shoot 射门

grazing shot 贴地射门

close-range shot 近射

long drive 远射

mishit 未射中

offside 越位

to pass the ball 传球

to take a pass 接球

spot pass 球传到位

to trap 脚底停球

to intercept 截球

to break through, to beat 带球过人to break loose 摆脱

to control the midfield 控制中场

to disorganize the defence 破坏防守to fall back 退回

to set a wall 筑人墙

to set the pace 掌握进攻节奏

to ward off an assault 击退一次攻势

to break up an attack 破坏一次攻势

ball playing skill 控球技术

total football 全攻全守足球战术

open football 拉开的足球战术

off-side trap 越位战术

wing play 边锋战术

shoot-on-sight tactics 积极的抢射战术

time wasting tactics 拖延战术

Brazilian formation 巴西阵式，4-2-4 阵式

four backs system 四后卫制

four-three-three formation 4-3-3 阵式

four-two-four formation 4-2-4 阵式

red card 红牌（表示判罚出场）

yellow card 黄牌（表示警告）

To the top(回页首) 11.Baseball and Softball 棒球和垒球

baseball 棒球

baseball field, baseball ground 棒球场

softball 垒球

softball field, softball ground 垒球场

infield,diamond 内场

outfield 外场

fair territory 界内地区

foul territory 界外地区