备战2015英语语法突破：高考英语动词考点归类透视

动词高考考点归类透视

对于动词的考查始终是高考的热点，在NMET 中至少要占1－2题，动词的考点形式多种多样，可以灵活考查，它十分突出了英语语法和情景交际互相运用的特点，因此它备受出题者的青睐。

本文就近几年动词高考考点常考考点，结合动词本身特点作一分类，希望对同学们掌握这一重点、难点能有所帮助。

一、对实义动词和动词词组的考查：

点拨：

1．动词和动词词组的意义考查的一大热点，在NMET 中每年都各有一题。2．试题的立意是同义、近义或结构近似的词组的辨析；题干显现出情景化和复杂化的趋势；设问的角度有细微化的倾向。

3．英语中动词的词义丰富，用法灵活，不易掌握。平日学习中，既要增加阅读量，在实际运用中领悟动词的意义和用法，又要集中时间和精力学习一些难掌握的词（组）。无论是一些最常用的基础词汇，还是一些难辨的同义词（组），都要集中突破。

4．解题时，首先要研读题干，找出信息词，理顺句意，再作最佳选择。

5．既要注重同词（组）间的语法差异，又要注意它们间的意义差异。

【经典考例】The forest guards often find campfires that have not been ____ completely.

A. turned down

B. put out

C. put away

D. turned over

解析：答案为B。put out 熄灭；turn down 关上；put away 放弃，处理；turn over 打翻。Campfire是篝火的意思，所以用熄灭。

【经典考例】-----How about eight o’clock outside the cinema ?

------That _____ me fine.

A. fits

B. meets

C. satisfies

D. suits

解析：答案为D。suit me fine “对我很合适”。Fit 作“适合”讲时，后面直接跟宾语；satisfy “使……满意”。

二、对系动词的考查：

点拨：

1．表示人或事物的特征和状态。

2．表示状态的变化。

3．表示某种状态的延续或持续。

【经典考例】Sara, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ____ before the party.

A. get changed

B. get change

C. get changing

D. get to change

析：答案为A。get changed“换衣服”，系动词get 后接过去分词表示被动，表示某人换衣服要用被动语态。故答案A。

【经典考例】On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she ______ pale.

A.got

B. changed

C. went

D. appeared

解析：答案为C。go 作系动词，意思是“变得”。句子的意思为：当听到矿难的消息后，她的脸变得苍白。

三、对动词时态的考查：

点拨：

1．时态的考查是高考的热点，主要考查大纲要求的八种时态的形式和用法。试题中并未出现大纲之外的动词时态和语态形式。

2．时态的立意由简单直接的“结构立意”转向了“情景立意”。试题创设的语境明确，交际情景多是发生在学生学习或日常生活中的真是情况，这样的情景设置实质上对语法知识、语义理解和语言交际能力的综合考查，体现了高考试题由“知识立意”向“能力立意”的命题原则。

3．题干中的有效信息由外显的转向隐藏的，情景中没有出现一处明显的时间信息。

4．试题的设问多以中学生普遍赶到难以把握的几组时态来互相干扰，如现在完成式和一般过去式，现在完形式和过去完成式。

5．学习动词的时态和语态时，且不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框。

6．答题时，研读题干，搜索处尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是动词冗余信息中的时间信息。

【经典考例】Let’s keep to the point or we ______ any decisions.

A. will never reach

B. have never reached

C. never reach

D. never reached

解析：答案为A.。前一个分句是祈使句，后一个分句的谓语动词要用一般将来时，表示将要发生的事情。

【经典考例】My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ____ half of it.

A. was missing

B. had missed

C. will miss

D. missed

解析：答案为D。根据所提供的情景My mind wasn’t on what he was saying 可判断出刚才只听了对方所说的一半话，要用一般过去时。

四、对动词语态的考查：

点拨：

1．注意短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态。

2．get + 过去分词可以表示被动。

3．注意一些主动形式表示被动意义的情况，平时学习中应注意及时归纳。

【经典考例】When first _____ to the market , these products enjoyed great success.

A. introducing

B. introduced

C. introduce

D. being introduced

析：答案为B。在这里过去分词introduced 作时间状语。when first introduced to the markets 相当于when these first these products were introduced to the markets。

【经典考例】According to the art dealer , the painting _______ to go for at least a million dollars.

A. is expected

B. expects

C. expected

D. is expecting

解析：答案为A。主语the painting 与谓语动词expect 是被动关系。

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初中英语语法知识—动词的分类汇编

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(完整版)初中英语语法大全：动词的概述

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2010年中考英语汇总--动词的分类概念：表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。动词的分类 1.按照在句子中的功能，动词可分为四类：实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。说明：某些情况下，有些动词既可做实义动词，又可做助动词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。（has是助动词。） 2. 按照后面是否有宾语，分为两类：及物动词（vt）、不及物动词（vi）。说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 3. 根据是否受主语的限制，分两类：限定动词、非限定动词。例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings.） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。）说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式、动名词、分词。在这里我们多说一下to+动词原型，和ing形式。英语不同于我们的汉语，不可以两个动词联用。如，我们汉语说，我喜欢吃苹果。其中“喜欢”和“吃”是两个动词，汉语这样说没有问题，如果翻译成英语，就变成了“I like eat apple.”这种说法按照英语的规定是不对的。那怎么办呢，于是就在两个动词之间多了一个“to”，或者把第二个词加上ing.于是就变成了“I like to eat apple.或者I like eatting apple”这样说来，动词是不是很简单啦！ 4.根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类：单字词、短语动词、动词短语。例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 5.动词有五种形态：原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词。

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1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。（has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（V erbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。

初中英语语法专项动词

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