英概每章新版考题

第一章Land and People 考题

Land and People

I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts

1. The British Isles are made up of?________

A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones

B. two large islands and Northern Ireland

C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones

D. three large islands and Northern Ireland

2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great

Britain.They are_______

A. Britain, Scotland and Wales

B. England, Scotland and Wales

C. Britain, Scotland and Ireland

D. England, Scotland and Ireland

3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______

A. that have a large number of British immigrants

B. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars

C. that speak English as their native language

D. that were once colonies of Britain

4 About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion , Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world‘s people and ______of the world‘s land area.

A. one third

B.one fifth

C. one fourth . D two fifths

1. What is the official name of Great Britain?

2. When did Ireland declare itself a republic? and it‘s capital?

答案：

Key :1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

2. 1949, Dublin

Chapter 1 land and people

1.what are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth? The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian.

2.Describe the geographical position of Britian?

Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off

the north coast of Europe.It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.

3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland?

The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.

4.Does Britain have a favourable climate? why?

Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of

climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.It has

a small range of temperature,too.

5.what are the factors which influence the climate in Britain? Which

part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest?

The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three:1)The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;2)the prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate;3)the North Atlantic Drift,a warm

current,passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them. The northwestern part has the most rainfall,while the south-eastern corner is the driest.

6.Describe the distribution of Britain‘s population.

Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated, with

an average of 237people per square kilometre. It is also very unevenly distributed , with 90%of the population in urban areas,10% in rural areas. Geographically, most British people live in England. Of the

total of 57 million people, 47 million live in England, 14 million live

in London and Southeastern England.

7.What are the three natural zones in Scotland?

The three natural zones in Scotland are : the Highlands in the north,

the central Lowlands ,and the southern Uplands.

8.What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish?

The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons,while the Scots,Welsh and rish are Celts.

9.What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England? How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive?

The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people.The Scots are hospitable

,generous and friendly.Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as

well as for the beauty of their Irish girls.

Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau.On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry,music,singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive.

10.What is the main problem in Northern Ireland?

Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live

in Northern Ireland.Since then there has been bitter fighting between

the Protestants and the Roman Catholics.The former are the dominant

group,while the latter are seeking more social,plitical and economic apportunities.The british Government and the government of Ireland are

now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.

第二章Origins of the Nation

根据考纲2. Origins of the Nation

Arrival and settlement of the Celts

Basis of modern English race: the Anglo-Saxons

The Viking and Danish invasions

King Alfred and his contributions

The Norman Conquest and its

consequences做出的练习题。仅供参考。

1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _____.

A. the Iberian

B. the Danes

C. the Celts

D. the

Anglo—Saxons

2 The Celts religion was _____.

A. Christianity

B. Druidism

C. Norman belief

D.

Roman Catholic

3 The Anglo—Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain.

A. Christian

B. Druid

C. Roman Catholic

D.

Teutonic

4 The Anglo—Saxons established _____ system, whereby the lord of

the

manor collected taxes and organized the local army.

A. salve

B. feudal

C. manorial（采邑制度）

D. Capitalistic

5. The Anglo—Saxons created the _____ to advise the king, the basis

of the Privy Council.

A. Synod

B.Witan（议会）

C.Whitby

D.Shirt

court

6. ______ was known as ―the father of the British navy‖.

A .Edward B.Alfred C. Canute D. Harold I

7. Christmas Day _____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.

A. 1056

B. 1066

C.1006

D. 1060

8. The Celts may originally have come from eastern and central Europe, now _____.

A. France, Belgium and Spain

B.France, Spain and southern Italy

C. France, Belgium and southern Germany

D. France,

Spain and southern Germany

9. By the middle of the ninth century, _____ posed a threat to the

Saxon kingdom of Wessex.

A. the Vikings and the Danes

B. the Vikings and the Jutes

C. the

Jutes and the Danes D .the Danes and the

Vikings(是不是和A一样呀？)

10. The battle of Hastings witnessed the death of ____ in Octorber, 1066.

A. Edward

B.Tosting

C. Harold

D. Hardrada

11. In 597, ____ was the first Archbishop of Canterbury.

A. Agricola

B. Constantine

C. St. Augustine

D.

Gregory I

12. The Saxons were originally from _____.

A. northern Holland

B.northern Germany

C. south Norway

D.

south Germany

13. The Celts began to arrive about ____BC and kept coming until the arrival of the Roman.

A.400

B. 500

C.600

D.700

14．The Celts came to Britain in ______main waves.

A two B.three C four D five

15. _____laid the foundations of English state.

A The Celts

B The Anglo-Saxons

C The Romans

D The Normans

16. Alfred the Great was the King of ______.

A Sussex

B Essex

C Wessex

D Mercia

17. On the Christmas Day of 1066,________was crowned king of England.

A Edward

B Harold

C Edgar

D William

18. When Edward, the Confessor died, the Witan chose ______as English King.

A Duke William

B Edith

C Harold

D Tostig

19. Of the following four kings,______ died most tragically.

A King Edward

B King Egbert

C King Harold

D King Alfred

20. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William‘s army on Senlac field near _______.

A London

B Normandy

C Standford

D Hastings

21. From which of the following languages was the suffix-caster

or-orchestra in English place names borrowed ?

A Danish

B Welsh

C Latin

D German

22. The Witan , the basis of the Privy Council was created by_______.

A the Celts

B the Anglo—Saxons

C the Normans

D the Romans

简答

1 How did the Celts invade Britain?

2 How did the Anglo—Saxons invade England?

3 Who began to invade England from the end of the 8th century?

4 What is the significance of the Norman Conquest?

5Who formally brought Christianity to Britain? And when?

名词解释

Heptarchy

Alfred the Great

William the Conqueror

答案：

选择1c. 2B. 3D. 4C . 5B 6B . 7B 8 C 9 A 10 C

11 C 12 B 13D 14B 15B 16C 17D 18C 19C 20D 21C 22B

简答

1 How did the Celts invade Britain?

The Celts invaded Britain in three waves : the Gaels, the Brythons and the Belgae

2 How did the Anglo—Saxons invade England?

The Anglo—Saxons invaded into Britain in three waves: Jutes, Saxon

and Anglos.

3 Who began to invade England from the end of the 8th century?

By the end of the 8th century, the Norwegian Vikings and the Danes Denmark began to invade England.

4 What is the significance of the Norman Conquest?

The Norman Conquest ended the English history of being invaded.

5 Who formally brought Christianity to Britain? And when?

Christianity was brought to Britain by St.Augustine in 597.

名词解释

Heptarchy

I t is a collective name for the seven Anglo—Saxon kingdoms from the

7 th century to the 9 th century. They are Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. After the 9 th century, the seven kingdoms were conquered one after another by the invading Danes.

2. Alfred the Great

He was king of Wessex , one of the seven Anglo—Saxon kingdoms. It was he who led the Anglo—Saxons to fight against the invading Danes and maintained peace for a long time. Alfred was not only a brave king at wartime, but also a wise king at peacetime. He encouraged education and introduced a legal system. He is known as ―the f ather of the British navy.‖

3. William the conqueror

He was also known as William, Duke of Normandy In 1066, he led the Normans to cross the English Channel and conquered England .He became William the First. His reign marked the beginning of the full feudal system in England.

第三章Shaping of the Nation（练习题一）

1. Under William's rule, the---- were at the bottom of the feudal system. '

A. barons

B. freemen

C. villeins

D. lawyers

2. William replaced the Witan, the council of the Anglo-Saxon king,

with----

A. the Grand Council

B. the House of Lords

C. the House of Corranons

D. Parliament

3. William II was known as William----- because of his red complexion.

A. Rufus

B. the Conqueror

C. the Confessor

D. the Unready

4. Henry II was the first king of the ----dynasty.

A. Windsor

B. Tudor

C. Malcolm

D. Plantagenet

5. In Henry II ' s reign, a----- law was gradually established in place of the customs of the manor.

A. local

B. private

C. civil

D. common

6. The Great Council of Henry II drew up the Constitutions of---

in 1164 to increase the jurisdiction of the civil courts.

A. Labourers

B. Clarendon

C. Oxford

D. Cambridge

7. The Great Charter was signed in and had---- clauses.

A.1251, 63

B.1251, 73

C.1215, 63

D.1215, 73

8. In 1265---- summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.

A. Henry

B.the Pope

C. Barons

D. Simon de Montfort

9. The Hundred Years' war started in---- and was ended in ,

in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of--- ,

A .1337 , 1453, Flanders

B .1337 , 1453, Calais

C.1346, 1453, Argencourt

D.1346, 1453, Brest

10. In 1351, the English government issued a Statute of--- , which made it a crime for peasants to ask for more wages .

A. Oxford

B. Clarendon

C. Labourers

D. Magna Carta

II Fill in the blanks

1. Under William, the------ system in England was completely established.

2. william replaced the---- , the council of the Anglo-Saxon kings, with the--- of his new tenants-in-chief.

3. The property record in William's time is known as---- , which was compiled in

4. was the first king of the House of Plantagenet.

5. In Henry II ' s day, the country was divided into---- circuits,

and the---- system replaced old----- ordeals by fire and water

and old trials by battle.

6. ----' s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer' s time after he was murdered.

7. In 1215, the baron ' s charter, known as---- or----- was approved, which contained---- clauses.

8. In the Hundred Years' war, the French heroine ------- led the French to drive the English out of their country. By 1453,

was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English.

9.---- was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England's population from four million to----- million by the end of the 14th century.

10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of--- farmers.

m Explain the terms

1. Domesday Book

2.lollards

3. Joan of Arc

4. the Black Death

Questions

1.What was feudalism like in England under the rule of William the Conqueror?

2.What was the contents and the significance of the Great charter?

3.Why and how did the English Parliament come into being?

4.what do you know about Wat Tyler's Uprising?

answers:

1.C

2.A

3.A

4.D

5.D

6.B

7.C

8.D

9.B 10.C

II

1. feudal

2. Witan, Grand Council

3 . Domesday Book, 1086 4. Henry II

5. six, jury, English, Norman

6. Thomas Becket

7. Mangna Carta, the Great Charter, 63

8. Joan of Arc, Calais 9. Black Death, two

10. yeomen

III

1.Domesday Book

It is a book compiled by a group of clerks under the sponsorship of King William the First in 1086. The book was in fact a property record. It was the result of a general survey of England. It recorded the extent, value, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It was one of the important measures adopted by William I to establish the full feudal system in England. Today, it is

kept in the Public Records Office in London.

2.lollards:罗拉德派

they were poor priests and traveling preachers who were john wyclif's followers.they played an important role in the mental preparations for the peasant uprising of 1381.they preaching the equality of men before god.

3.Joan of arc:圣女贞德

she was a national heroine of France during the hundred year's

war,she successfully led the france to drive the English out of

france.

4.The Black Death

It is a modern name given to the dearly bubonic plague, an

epidemic disease spread through Europe in the fourteenth century

particularly in 1348-1349. It came without warning, and without

any cue. In England, it killed almost half of the total

population, causing far-reaching economic consequences.

1.What was feudalism like in England under the rule of William the Conqueror?

Under the rule of William the Conqueror,the feudal system in England was completely established. According to this system, the king owned all the

land personally.William gave his barons large estates in returnfor military services and a proportion of the land's produce.These estates were scattered

all over the king. Then, the barons parceled out land to the lesser

nobles,knights and freemen,also in return for goods and services.At the

bottom of the feudal scale were the serfs. One peculiar feature of the

feudal system of England was that all landowners must take the oath of allegiance not only to their immediate lord,but also to the king.

2.What was the contents and the significance of the Great charter? Contents:no tax should be made without the approval of

the Grand Council;no freeman should be arrested,imprisoned,

or deprived of his property except by the law of the land;

the Church should possess all its rights,together with freedom of elections; London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges,

and there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country.

It was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown

and the barons,

a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the power of

the king.

3.Why and how did the English Parliament come into being?

Henry III's many measure was brought matters between he and barons to a head.

and the barons force the king to swear and accept the Provisions of Oxford. Simon de Montfort summoned in 1265 the Great Council to meet at Westminster, together with two knights from each country and two burgesses from each town,

a metting which has been seen as that the earliest parliament.

4.what do you know about Wat Tyler's Uprising?

The uprising broke out in Kent and Essex in 1381 and was led by Wat Tyler

and Jack Straw.

Tyler led the mared villagers to occupy London. The king was forced to

accept their demands.

Most of the rebels dispersed and went home, while Tyler and other leader stayed on for more rights.

Tyler was killed at a meeting with the king,who suppressed the Uprising brutally.

Although the Uprising failed,it had great importance in English history.

It directed against the rich clergy, the lawyers and the landowners.

It effectively blew the serfdom,and a new class of yeomen farmers emerged, paving the way for the development of capitalism.

英国第三章Shaping of the Nation（练习题二）

选择题

1．The Domesday Book was completed in________.

A. 1085

B. 1086

C.1087

D.1088 答案：B

2. When William died in Normandy in 1087 he left Normandy to ________,and England to______.

A. William Rufus; Robert

B. Robert ;Henry

C. Robert; William Rufus

D. Henry; Robert 答案：C

3. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of

______, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.

A. the Archbishop of Canterbury B the barons C the church D the

king 答案：D

4. The barons forced the king of Henry 3 and his son Prince Edward to swear

to accept the _____.

A . Provisions of Oxford.

B Provisions of York

C Provisions of

Westminster

D provisions of Canterbury 答案：A

5 . Magna Carta was signed in _______ at a conference at ______.

A. 1066; Runnymede

B. 1215; Windsor

C. 1215; Oxford

D. 1215; Runnymede 答案：D

6. According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval

of______.

A. the Witan B the king C the Grand Council D the

Commons 答案：C

7 In 1265 Simon summoned the Great Council to meet together with two knights from each county and two ______ from each town.

A burgesses B. bishops C. clergymen D.

yeomen 答案：A

8 The Hundred Year's War lasted from _______to________.

A. 1337;1450

B. 1337;1453

C. 1330; 1453

D. 1337;1455

答案：B

9 'Domesday Book' was compiled during the rule of ______.

A William I

B William II

C Henry II

D King

Stephen 答案：A

10 The Black Death swept through England in the summer of _____without warning.

A 1374

B 1348

C 1349 D

1350 答案：B

11After the Hundred Year's War, power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ambitious_________.

A bishops

B Merchants

C nobles

D royal family

members 答案：C

12 The causes of the Hundred Years War were partly ______and Partly _______.

A. political; military B political; economic C territorial;

religious

D territorial; economic 答案：D

13 The Hundred Years' War could be devided into _______outstanding stages.

A two

B three

C four

D five 答案：B

14 Under William's rule, the______ were at the bottom of the feudal

system. '

A. barons

B. freemen

C. villeins

D. lawyers 答案：C

15 William replaced the Witan, the council of the Anglo-Saxon king, with

______

A. the Grand Council

B. the House of Lords

C. the House of

Corranons

D. Parliament 答案：A

16 William II was known as William ______ because of his red complexion.

A. Rufus

B. the Conqueror

C. the Confessor

D. the Unready

答案：A

17 Henry II was the first king of the ______dynasty.

A. Windsor

B. Tudor

C. Malcolm

D. Plantagenet 答案：D

18 I Henry II ' s reign, a _______ law was gradually established in place

of the customs of the manor.

A. local

B. private

C. civil

D. common 答案：D

19 The Great Council of Henry II drew up the Constitutions of ____in 1164

to increase the jurisdiction of the civil courts.

A. Labourers

B. Clarendon

C. Oxford

D. Cambridge 答案：B

20 The Great Charter was signed in ______ and had______ clauses.

A.1251, 63

B.1251, 73

C.1215, 63

D.1215, 73 答案：C

21 In 1265 _____summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.

A. Henry

B.the Pope

C. Barons

D. Simon de Montfort 答案：D

22 The Hundred Years' war started in_____ and was ended in______, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of

_____,

A .1337 , 1453, Flanders

B .1337 , 1453, Calais

C.1346, 1453, Argencourt

D.1346, 1453, Brest 答案：B

23 In 1351, the English government issued a Statute of_____ , which made

it a crime for peasants to ask for more wages .

A. Oxford

B. Clarendon

C. Labourers

D. Magna Carta 答案: C

一句话解释

1 Which system was completely established under William in English ?

答：The feudal system was completely established under William in English.

2 What book was Domesday Book?

答：This book was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085,and stated the extents, value, the population , state of cultivation, and

ownership of the land.

3 What's the role of Simon's Parliaments?

答：It's role was to offer advice, not to make decisions.

名词解释

1 The Domesday Book。

答：This book, completed in 1086, was the result of a general survey of

England made in 1085, and stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land.

2 the Black Death

答：The Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease caused by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century . Particularly in 1347-1350. It reduced between one half and

one-third of English population and caused a great economic loss.

3 the Great Charter

答：The Great Charter, also called Magna Carta, was the first famous political document to limit the king's powers in English history. It was signed in

1215 by King John. It contains altogether 63 clauses.

英国概况4 Transition to the modern Age

1 The Wars of the Roses broke out shortly after_______.

A the Black Death

B the Watt Tyler's Uprising

C the Hundred Year's War

D the Glorious Revolution

答案：C

2 In the reform of the Church Henry VIII dissolved all of England's

monasteries and nunneries because they were much more loyal to

_________then

to their English kings.

A. the Pope

B. Jesus Christ

C. Roman Catholic

D. the

bishops

答案：A

3 Thanks to Mary, Protestantism and _________ were now forever synonymous in

Britain.

A. Catholicism

B. prosecution

C. the Reformation D nationalism

答案：D

4 For nearly thirty year, Elizabeth I successfully played off against

each

other the two great Catholic powers at the time,_________, and prevented

England from getting involved in any major European conflict.

A. Spain and Germany

B. France and Spain

C. Spain and Denmark

D. France and Italy

答案：B

5 _________was regarded as the second Magna Carta.

A. The Petition of Right

B. The Provision of Oxford

C. The Grand Remonstrance

D. The Militia Bill

答案：A

6 The Renaissance began in north ______in the early ______century.

A. France；14th

B. Italy; 16th

C. Italy; 14th

D. England;

14th

答案：C

7 In December 1653，by an Instrument of Government, Oliver Gromwell became

_______of the Commonwealth of England.

A. Prime Minister

B. King

C. Lord Protector

D. Emperor

答案：C

8．In foreign affairs. Henry VIII was aided by ________ , Archbishop and Lord

Chancellor.

A. Thomas More

B. Thomas Becket

C. Thomas Wolsey

D. Martin

Luther

答案：C

9 The Armada was defeated by England in ________.

A. 1587

B. 1588

C. 1558

D. 1540 答案：B

10 After the Glorious Revolution came the Age of ______ , a monarchy with

powers limited by Parliament.

A. the Commonwealth

B. the Federal Republic

C. the Constitutional Monarchy

D. the special monarchy

答案：C

11 Although the Wars of the Roses were waged intermittently for thirty years, ordinary people were _______affected and went about their business as

usual.

A. little

B. a little

C. much

D. greatly

答案：A

12 It was during the reign of ______, the name Great Britain came into

being

in 1707.

A. Elizabeth I

B. Henry VIII.

C. Charles I

D. Anne

答案：D

13 The last battle of the Wars of Roses was at ______in 1458.

A. Hastings

B. Bosworth Field

C. Naseby

D. Oxford 答案：B

一句话解释：

1 What was Queen Mary know as?

答：She was known as " Bloody Mary".

2 Why do we call Mary Tudor Bloody Mary?

答Because she at least burnt 300 Puritans as heretics.

3. Why were Puritans happy when James I came to the throne?

答：Because James I came from Scotland and the Scottish Church was a pure

Protestant Church with democratically elected officials.

4 Who supported the king during the war?

答: Many nobles and gentry supported the king.

5 What's the relationship between Elizabeth I' s England and France? 答：She managed to maintain a friendly relationship with France.

名词解释

1 Bloody Mary

答：Mary was Henry VIII' s daughter and she was a Catholic. After she became

Queen, she persecuted many people for their Protestant religious views and

some were put to death. As a result, people call her "Bloody Mary".

2. the wars of Roses

答：After the Hundred Year's War, in order to decide who would rule England, a

war broke out between the House of Lancaster and the House of York, which

were symbolized by the red and white roses respectively. The war lasted from

1455 to 1485. It is usually regarded as the end of English Middle Ages. 英国概况第五章Rise and Fall of the British Empire

选择题

1. _______was the forerunner of the Conservative Party.

A The Liberal Party B. The Whigs C. The Tories D. The Labour

Party 答案：C

2. The open filed system lasted till _________ century.

A. 14th

B. 15th

C. 16th

D. 18th 答案：D

3. The spinning jenny was invented by _________.

A. John Kay

B. James Hargreaves

C. Richard Arkwright

D. Samuel

Crowpton 答案：B

4．The Physical Force Chartists was led by _______.

A. William Lovett

B. Feargus O‘ Conour

C. Attwood

D. Engles

答案：B

5. The Suez Canal was built by ________ engineers.

A. English

B. French

C. Dutch

D. Portugal 答案：B

6. The Chartist Movement lasted from _______ to _________.

A. 1840;1848

B. 1840;1845

C. 1836；1840

D. 1836;1848

答案：D

7．The People‘s charter made in 1838 had _________points.

A. 3 B 4 C.5 D. 6 答案：D

8．Canada was established as a dominion by_______.

A. the 1736 Treaty of Pairs

B. the Quebec Act of 1774

C. the Canada Act of 1791

D. the British North America Act of 1867

答案：D

9．The foundations of the welfare state, in Britain, were laid in

_________.

A. the 1940s

B. the 1950s

C. the 1960s C. the 1970s

答案：A

10．The Independent Labour Party was formed in _______, led by

________.

A. 1893; Mac Donald

B. 1893; Keir Hardic

C. 1906; keir Hardic

D.

1922; Mac Donald

答案：B

11．Britain‘s colonial expansion began with ________.

A. James Cook‘s discovery of Botany Bay

B. the colonization of Newfoundland

C. the establishment of the East India Company

D. the Pilgrim Fathers‘ settlement in the New World.

答案：B

12．The British East India Company was established in _______.

A. 1600

B. 1700

C. 1840

D. 1848 答案：A

13．By 1900 more then ________of Africa had been colonized by European countries.

A. 20%

B. one-third

C. 9/10

D. half 答案：C

14．After the Opium wars in 1840 the British troops occupied Hong Kong in _________.

A. 1839

B.1840

C.1841

D.1842 答案：C

15．The Beatles，the popular band in 1960s, came from ________.

A. London

B. Birmingham

C. Edinburgh

D. Liverpool

答案：D

16. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries radicals were active in English Parliament spreading radical ideas whose common aim was thorough reform of the ________.

A. political system

B. religious system

C. Parliamentary system

D. hereditary monarchy 答案：C

17．At the general election of 1945 Winston Churchill was heavily defeated, because _____.

A. he was old-fashioned

B. people did not support his postwar policies

C. he was not qualified as a prime minister in a peaceful age

D. people wanted to forget about the war 答案：D

18．In the Industrial revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in ______.

A. hardware

B. textiles

C. pottery

D. chemicals

答案：B

19．The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great Birmingham meeting in _____, with the aim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People‘s Charter.

A. 1836.

B. 1838.

C. 1840.

D. 1842. 答案：B

20．The English Renaissance was largely _______.

A. religious

B. ideological

C. philosophical

D. Literary.

答案：D

一句话解释

1．What field did the Industrial Revolution firstly occur in?

答：The Industrial Revolution firstly occurred in the filed of

textile.

2. When did the Labour Party come to power for the first time?

答：In 1942 the Labour Party came to power for the first time.

3. What are the two major parties in Britain?

答：They are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party.

4. What did Britain become after the Industrial Revolution?

答：Britain became the ―workshop of the world‖.

解释

1．Whigs and Tories

The Whigs was one of the two main political parties originating with

the Glorious Revolution. The Whigs opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. In 19th century the Whigs became known as the Liberal party.

The Tories was one of the two main political parties in the period of

the Glorious Revolution. The Tories supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.

2. Thatcherism

Mrs. Thatcher‘s policies were usually called Thatcherism. It

included the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy,

and an emphasis on law and order.

3. The welfare state

It is a system of government by which the state provide the

economic and social security of its citizens through its organization

of health services, pensions and other families. This system is founded

out of national insurance contribution and taxation. In Britain the

term applies mainly to the National Health Service, national insurance

and social security.

4.constitutional monarchy

A constitutional monarchy is a country in which head of the state is a

king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reigns, but does most rule.

5. Social security system

Social Security System is a part of welfare system which is designed

to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need,

providing financial help for those who are elderly, sick, disabled, unemployed, widowed, bringing up children or on very low incomes.

第七章：Government and Administration

选择题

1．The United Kingdom is governed in the name of _________, by_________.

A the king; His Majesty's Government

B. the Queen; Her Majesty's Government

C. the Sovereign; Prime Minister

D. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty's government 答案：

2．__________is the "supreme governor" of the Church of English.

A. The monarch

B. The Archbishop

C. The Archbishop of Canterbury

D. The Roman Pope 答案：A

3. The United Kingdom is a _______state.

A. unitary

B. federal

C. republic

D. feudal 答案：A

4．The British monarchy can be traced back to at least ________century.

A. the 7th

B. the 8th

C. the 9th

D. the 10th 答案：C

5．In Britain the citizens aged _______ or over have the right to vote.

A. 16

B. 18

C. 21

D. 30 答案：B

6．Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through _________.

A. the council tax

B. the income tax

C. the capital receipts

D. the personal contribution 答案：A

7．In Britain a candidate must be at least _______or over with the deposit of &_____.

A. 20；500

B.21；500

C.20；800

D.18；400 答案：B

8．The House of Common is headed by________.

A. the Prime Minister

B. the Speaker

C. the Lord Chancellor

D. the Monarch 答案：B

9．By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _________by

the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.

A. the Prime Minister

B. Member of Parliament

C. Lord of Appeal

D. Speaker of the House 答案：A

10．The British Cabinet is presided by _________.

A. the Prime Minister

B. the Speaker

C. the Lord Chancellor

D. the Monarch 答案：A

11．The Social and Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _________.

A. the Conservative Party

B. the Labour Party

C. the Liberal Party

D. the Green Party 答案：C

12．Which of the following about UK's monarchy is not true?

A. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.

B. There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom.

C. Today the Queen holds the real power in UK.

D. The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only.

答案：C

13．The leader of the House of Lords is ________.

A．the Speaker B. the Monarch

C. the Prime Minster

D. the Lord Chancellor 答案：D

14．Northern Ireland is divided into _________districts.

A. 20

B. 26

C. 36

D. 40 答案：B

15．Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal?

A. All hereditary peers and peeresses of England, Scotland, Great Britainand the United

Kingdom (but not peers of Ireland).

B. Lire peers created to assist the House in its judicial duties.

C. Senior bishops of the Church of England.

D. All other life peers.

一句话解释

1．How often is the general election held in Britain?

答：In Britain the general election is normally held every five years.

2. What's the clerk of the parliament responsible for?

答：The Clerk of the Parliament is responsible for the records of proceedings of the House of Lords and for the text of Acts of Parliament

3. What did the term "parliament" originally mean?

答：The term "parliament" originally meant a meeting for parley or discussion.

4. What's the Speaker?

答：The Speaker is the head of the House of Commons.

5. What is the House of Lords made up of ?

答：It is made up of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.

6. What did the English Industrial Revolution begin with?

答：It began with the textile industry.

7. Which war was relatively sommth, with no bloodshed , nor any execution of the king in Britain?

答：It is the Glorious Revolution.

8. What were the forerunners of the Liberal Party in Britain?

答：They are Whigs.

9. How many members are there in the House of Commons?

答：There are 651 members in the House of Commons.

10. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish?

答：The ancestors of the English are Anglo—Saxons, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish are Celts.

11．What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain?

答：Its main function is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of making law.

名词解释

1．Constitutional Monarchy

答：The British monarchy is known as constitutional monarchy. It means the monarchy's powers are limited by law and Parliament. The monarchy actually has no real power. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in 1688.

2. the Privy Council

答：The Privy Council was formerly the chief source of executive power

in the United

Kingdom. It's origins can be traced back to the King's Council, which in the

13th century gave the Sovereign advice on the government of the country. After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, it Gradually lost its importance.

Much of its work was taken over by the Cabinet until the 18th century. Today

it's role is largely formal, advising the Sovereign to approve certain government decrees, and issuing royal proclamations.

3. Social Security System

答：Social Security System is a part of welfare system which is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need, providing financial help for those who are elderly, sick, disabled, unemployed, widowed, bringing up children or on very low incomes.

第九章英国概况Social Affairs

Religion in British society

Festivals and public holidays in Britain

1 The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as

laid down in __________ without the consent of Parliament.

A. the Bill of Rights

B. the Provisions of Oxford

C. the Constitutions of Clarendon

D. the Book of Common Prayer 答案：D

2 The position of the Church of Scotland was defined in the Treaty of

Union, 1707, and further safeguarded by the Church of Scotland Act,

______.

A. 1921

B. 1922

C. 1923

D. 1924

答案：Ａ

3 The Salvation Army is served by 1,800 officers (ordained ministers) and runs more than _____ worship centers.

A. 500

B. 1,000

C. 1,500

D. 2,000

答案：Ｂ

4 The Free Church do Not include ＿＿＿＿．

A the Methodist Church

B the Church of England

C the Baptists

D the United Reformed Church．

答案：Ｃ

5 ____ is not among the Anglican Churches

A The Church in Wales

B The Church of Ireland

C The Episcopal Church in Scotland

D The Baptists．

答案：Ｄ

6 At Christmas, the home is decorated with the following except _____.

A. colorful paper chains

B. leaves of holly and

mistletoe

C. a young fir-tree

D. firecrackers

答案：Ｄ

7 Easter is traditionally associated with the following except ____.

A. the resurrection of Christ

B. the eating of Easter eggs

C. the custom of giving presents

D. the coming of spring 答案：Ｃ

8. ______is the largest of the Free Churches.

A. The Baptists

B. The Methodist Church

C. The Roman Catholic Church

D. The Church in Wales

答案：B

9．Established Churches in Britain are ______.

A. Church of England and Church of Wales.

B. Church of Wales and Church of Scotland

C. the Anglican Churches.

D. Church of England and Church of Scotland. 答案：D

10.______is more important than Christmas to Scots.

A. Whit Sunday

B. New Year‘s Day

C. April Fools Day

D. Easter 答案：B

一句话解释

1 What are the two established churches in Britain?

They are the Church of England in England and the Church of Scotland in

Scotland.

2 How many provinces does the Church of England have?

The Church of England has two provinces: Canterbury and York.

3 When were the first women priests ordained in Britain?

They were ordained in March 1994.

4 Who founded the Salvation Army in the East of London in 1865? William Booth, a great follower of John Wesley, founded the Salvation Army.

5 Where do the people in London go to see the Christmas decorations? They go to Oxford Street, Regent Street and Piccadilly to see the Christmas decorations.

6 What is the National Day in Britain?

The birthday of the British Monarch is a National Day in Britain.

7.What does Guy Fawkes Day come From？

Guy Fawkes Day comes from the Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

8. What is the most important established Church in Britain?

It is the Church of England.

9．What was the Gunpowder Plot of 1605?

It was the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies.

名次解释

1 Established Churches

Established churches are those legally recognized as official churches

of the State.

2 Church of England

Church of England is the most important established church in Britain.

It is legally recognized as official church of the state. It is

uniquely related to the Crown in that the Sovereign must be a member of that Church and must promise to uphold it. The church is also linked with the State through the House of Lords, in which the two archbishops and some other bishops have seats. It was two province: Canterbury and York.

3 The Salvation Army

It was founded by William Booth in the East of London in 1865, who was a follower of the Methodist Church. Within Britain, the Salvation Army

is second only to the Government as a provider of social services.

4 Bank Holidays

Bank Holidays also called official public holidays. The term goes back

to the Bank Holidays Act of 1871, which owes its name to the fact that banks are closed on the days specified.

5 Easter

Easter is the chief Christian festival, which celebrates the Resurrection of Christ, on the first Sunday after the first full moon

that coincides with, or comes after, the spring equinox (March 21st).

6 Remembrance Sunday