高中英语语法名词重点解析

高中英语名词（重点）

一、名词的数

在熟悉名词单数变复数规则的基础上，突出以下几点：

1. 注意以下名词数的概念

①以s结尾，仍为单数的名词(多为学科名词), 如：

physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics, news, the United States ②总称名词：表示一类事物的总称，不能加s，如：

machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence ③单数和复数形式表达不同的意思，如：

fish 鱼肉—fishes 各种鱼 paper 纸—papers 试卷

water 水—waters 水域 room 空间—rooms 房间

time 时间—times 时代 arm 手臂—arms 武器

④形式上虽是单数，但表示的是复数含义，如：

people, police, cattle, staff, public, the ＋adj., the ＋分词

2. 集体名词的数

family，team，audience，class，club，committee，crowd, group, enemy, cattle, government, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff等

集体名词注意其主谓一致，一般来说，视为整体时作单数看待，侧重其成员时则作复数看待。The enemy has suffered heavy losses.

The enemy are in flight.

3. 单复数同形的名词

a．某些动物名称

fish, deer, sheep

b．某国人的名词

Chinese, Japanese, Swiss

c．其他

means, species, works, offspring

4. 由连字符构成的复合名词的“数”：

①合成名词的复数形式通常只将其中的主体名词变成复数：

lookers－on 参观者sons－in－law 女婿

editors－in－chief 主编 shoe－makers 鞋匠

firemen 消防员 chairwomen 女主席

②如果没有主体名词，在最后一个词的词尾加s:

go－betweens 中间人 grown－ups 成人

follow－ups 续集 good－for－nothings 饭桶

③man, woman作定语时，定语和被修饰词都变成复数：

man－servant—men－servants

5．不规则名词的“数”：

woman — women child — children

ox — oxen tooth — teeth

goose — geese foot — feet

mouse — mice phenomenon — phenomena

analysis — analyses

6. 专有名词的“数”

史密斯一家人 the Smiths

两个玛丽 two Marys

二、名词所有格

1. 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个's，则表示“共有”。John's and Mary's rooms(两间)

John and Mary's room(一间)

2. 省略格：在表示店铺、教堂、诊所或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词。

在诊所at the doctor's

在我姐家at my sister's

【疑难点击】

3. 双重格：of ＋名词's。

I saw a play of Shaw's.

注意：当of 之前的名词是picture, portrait等词时含义不同：

This is a picture of my friend's.

这是我朋友收藏的一幅画。

This is a picture of my friend.

这是我朋友的一张照片。

三、名词作定语

某些名词可以用作定语修饰后面的名词。

①表示类别、处所、材料、时间、功能、用途等名词作定语时通常要用单数形式。

paper flower 纸花 cotton goods 棉织品

orange juice 橘汁 credit card 信用卡

②少数名词可以用复数形式作定语。

sports meeting 运动会

clothes shop 服装店

customs officer 海关人员

sales manager 销售经理

第一节名词

（一）可数名词和不可数名词

1．什么是不可数名词？

1）物质名词 glass, tea 2）抽象名词 beauty, youth 3) 科学名称 physics, maths

练习：找出不可数名词

boot tear knowledge money wood chicken music homework bread blood dress news milk dustman 2．不可数名词变成可数名词

1）词义发生改变

time—times work---works

wood—woods sand—sands

cloth—clothes glass—glasses

2) 加量词

a glass of water , two pieces of paper

练习；填入恰当的量词

a ________________ of good news (条)

a ________________ of trousers (条)

a ________________ of advice ( 条)

a ________________ of coffee (杯 )

a ________________ of oil (滴)

a ________________ of time (段)

a ________________ of matches (盒)

a ________________ of glasses (副)

a ________________ of chocolate (条)

a ________________ of ink (瓶)

a ________________ of tea (壶)

two ______________ of fish (盘)

three ______________ of rice (袋)

four ______________ of furniture (件)

five _______________ of sugar (磅)

six ________________ of clothes (套)

3．可数名词的复数构成

练习：写出下列名词的复数形式。

1）shoe 2) orange 3) eye 4) month

5) fox 6) match 7) city 8) class

9) family 10) country 11) boy 12) key

13) leaf 14) thief 15)hero 16)photo

B.不规则变化

1.单复同形

deer sheep fish Chinese Japanese means

2.只有复数形式

people police cattle clothes trousers, glasses

3.不规则变化

man---- men woman---- women foot ----- feet tooth-----teeth

mouse ------mice child-----children German------Germans

4.复合名词的复数

1)将后一部分变成复数

Englishman---Englishmen gentleman---gentlemen policewoman----policewomen

grown-up----grown-ups

2)将主要成分变成复数

looker-on----lookers-on son-in-law----sons-in-law

3)如果前一词是man, woman，将两部分都变成复数

men doctors women singers

练习：

roof________ woman driver________________ step-mother_______________ sheep _____________ Japanese __________________sister-in-law__________________

（二）名词所有格

1.表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格在名词后加’s

Mr Li’s house The cat’s food James’ dog The dogs’ food

2.表示无生命的东西的名词，用of+名词的结构来表示

The leg of the desk the cover of the magazine

3.在时间，距离，度量，价值等名词后，可用名词所有格。

Two month s’ time Today’s newspaper fifty pound s’ weight

4.表示店铺或某人的家时，常在所有格后省去shop, home.

The doctor’s the tailor’s my uncle’s the barber’s

5.名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词时，用of词组+所有格表示

a friend of John’s that bike of Tom’s

6. 某样东西为两人或多人共有，在后一个名词尾+’s .

Jane and Fred’s mother Jane’s and Fred’s mother

Tom and Tim’s car Tom’s and Tim’s car

基础练习

1. In his speech, he gave us _____ on how to learn a foreign language.

A. some advice

B. some advices

C. several advices

D. an advice

2. Thank you very much for giving us _____ on this matter.

A. these informations

B. so many informations

C. an information

D. so much information

3. ---Where did you have your supper? --- ________.

A. With my sister

B. At my sister

C. At my sister home

D. At my sister’s

4. She is from __________. She is ______________.

A. Germany; a Germany

B. German; A Germany

C. the Germany; German

D. Germany; a German

5. He bought a ________ of trousers. They were expensive.

A. piece

B. set

C. pair

D. pile

6. The town is about _________ ride form here. You ought to start, right away.

A. two hour

B. two hour’s

C. two hours’

D. two-hours

7. A _______ of money has been spent on the building.

A. great deal

B. good many

C. plenty

D. great number

8. ______ been made in science since then.

A. A great progress has

B. Great progresses have

C. Great progress has

D. Many progresses have

9. We must help ________.

A. a blind

B. the blind

C. people

D. the people blind

10. The great writer and solider _______.

A. is an old man

B. are both old men

C. is an old man and a young man

D. were two Chinese

11. At present Zhang’s family __________ rather big, with twelve people in all.

A. is

B. are

C. being

D. was

12. This is not my dictionary. It is ________.

A. Mary

B. Mary’s

C. of Mary

D. the book of Mary

13. There are twenty ______and forty nurses in the hospital.

A. women doctors

B. woman doctors

C. women doctor

D. woman doctor

14. ________ came to our school yesterday.

A. The Williams

B. The William’s

C. Williams

D. The William

15. Twenty miles ________ a long way to walk.

A. are

B. is

C. has been

D. be

高中英语语法大全归纳总结-高中语法归纳总结

高中英语语法权威解析目录: 第０１章名词性从句第0２章“Iｔ”用法及其句型与固定搭配讲解第03章高中英语语法中得省略现象第04章主谓一致第05章动词不定式第06章倒装结构第07章定语从句第０8章被动语态第09章祈使句第10章感叹句第１1章疑问句第12章名词第一章名词性从句在句子中起名词作用得句子叫名词性从句(Ｎｏun Cｌaｕsｅs)。名词性从句得功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同得语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句与同位语从句、一. 主语从句主语从句就是在复合句中充当主语得从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语与ｉt引导强调句得比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要就是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句得连接词没有变化、而i ｔ引导得强调句则就是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调得就是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/ｗｈｏｍ、例如: ａ) It isａpitｙｔhaｔyoｕｄidn’t go ｔo seｅｔhｅｆilm.您不去瞧那场电影真可惜。 b) It doeｓn’tｉntereｓt me whethｅrｙou sｕｃceed or not、我对您成功与否不感兴趣、 c) Ｉｔisｉn thｅｍoｒnｉng thaｔｔｈe ｍurder took place. 谋杀案就是在早上发生得、(强调句型) d) Ｉt is Joｈn tｈat broke ｔｈeｗｉｎdow。就是Joｈn打碎得窗户。(强调句型) 2、用ｉt 作形式主语得结构 (1)It is + 名词＋从句 It is ａfaｃt tｈat…事实就是… Ｉt ｉs an honor ｔhat …非常荣幸 It ｉｓｃommon knowlｅdge ｔhat …就是常识 (2)Ｉt is + 形容词+从句 It is naturａl thａt…很自然… It ｉｓstrａｎｇe that…奇怪得就是…(3) It ｉｓ＋不及物动词+ 从句Ｉｔｓｅems thａｔ…似乎… Ｉt ｈappeneｄthat…碰巧… Iｔappeaｒs that…似乎…

高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案

Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.countries 【答案】countryother修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故是可数名词，此处由【解析】考查名词。countries. 填67. more 【答案】than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级考查比较级。根据句中的【解析】more. 表示更多的人，故填68. Luckily 【答案】“”Luckily. ，故填【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指幸运的是69. has changed 【答案】over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语has changed. 语是单数，故填70. spoken 【答案】Englishspeak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填和动词【解析】考查过去分词。． spoken. 71. from 【答案】be different from“…”from. ，是固定短语。故填和【解析】考查固定短语。不同72. especially 【答案】especial“”especially“”。特殊的，特别的是副词是形容词；尤其，特别【解析】考查副词。“”especially. ，故填尤其，特别此处指新的定居者丰富了英语，尤其是它的词汇。表示73. when 【答案】“…”，从句时态是过去时，故填当【解析】考查连词。此处引导时间状语从句，表示时候when. 74. or 【答案】or. 【解析】考查连词。此处表示选择，指作为第一语言或第二语言被说，故填 75. largest 【答案】【解析】考查形容词最高级。因为中国人口最多所以说英语的人也最多，此处由the修饰用 I had just visited my best friend in hospital with my mum,___41___hadn't seen my friend since she'd gone into hospital six months earlier. I knew where she was coming from as she was___42___(grave)ill, but as I'd been visiting her every week I had stopped seeing the obvious; my friend___43___(lose)most of her body weight

高中英语语法最重要知识汇总

按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。第一章名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一．主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：；正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

高中英语语法名词练习题

一、基础练习 1、T h e r e a r e o n l y t w e l v e______i n t h e h o s p i t a l.． A. woman doctors B.women doctors C.women doctor D.woman doctor 2、Mr Smith has two _______, both of whom are teachers in a school.． A.brothers-in-law B.brother-in-laws C.brothers-in-laws D.brothers-in law 3、——How many ______ does a cow have——Four. A.stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D.stomachies 4、Some______visited our school last Wednesday.． A.German B.Germen C.Germans D.Germens 5、The_______ of the building are covered with lots of . A.roofs; leaves B.rooves; leafs C.roof; leaf D.roofs; leafs 6、When the farmer returned home he found three_______ missing.． A.sheeps B.sheepes C.sheep D.sheepies 7、That was a fifty_______ engine.． A.horse power B.horses power C.horse powers D.horses powers 8、My father often gives me ______ A.many advice B.much advice C.a lot of advices D.a few advice 9、Mary broke a ______while she was washing up. A.tea cup B.a cup of tea C.tea’s cup D.cup teas 10、Can you give us some ______ about the writer?． https://www.360docs.net/doc/677591333.html,rmations https://www.360docs.net/doc/677591333.html,rmation C.piece of informations D.pieces information 11、I had a cup of _____and two pieces of_____ this morning. A.teas; bread B.teas; breads C.tea; breads D.tea; bread 12、As is known to us all, ______ travels much faster than ______. A.lights; sounds B.light; sound C.sound; light D.sounds; lights 13、She told him of all her ___ and ____ A.hope; fear B.hopes; fear C.hopes; fears D.hope; fears 14、The rising _____have(has) a lot of ____to the crops. A.water; harm B.water; harms C.waters; harm D.waters; harms 15、How far away is it from here to your school?”----About ______ . A.half an hour”s driv e B.half hours drives C.half an hour drives D.half an hour drive 16、The shirt isn”t mine. It”s _____ . A.Mrs Smith B.Mrs” Smith C.Mrs Smiths’ D.Mrs Smith”s 17、Miss Johnson is a friend of _______. A.Mary’s mother B.Mary’s mothers’ C.Mary mother’s D.Mary’s mother’s 18、Last week I called at my _____Last week I called at my _____. A.aunt B.aunts C.aunt’s D.auntes’ 19、The beach is a ______throw. A.stone B.stones C.stones’ D.stone’s 20、I can hardly imagine ____sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

【英语】高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)及解析

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高中英语 语法 名词重点解析