英美概况
是非题
1. The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries. F
2. 1 in 10 of the British population is of non-European ethnicity. F
3. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes.
T
4. Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. T
5. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F
6. Ireland is part of Great Britain. F
7. "Ulster", referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom. T
8. Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics. T
9. It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. F
10. The oldest institution of government in British is the Monarchy. T
11. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T
12. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have. F
13. In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional
circumstance. T
14. Liberal Democratic Party is the newest of the major national parties. F
15. The majority of Britain's recent immigrants have mainly come from
North Asia and Caribbean countries. F
16. By the 1880's the British economy was dominant in the world. T
17. By the end of World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its
manufacturing industry and borrowed larger amounts from the US and France. F
18. The leader of the Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started a series of reforms. An
extensive programmer of privatization was carried out, and she was successful in an all-round way. F
19. William Shakespeare is a great poet and much is known of his life. F
20. Keats, Shelley and Byron brought the Romantic Movement to its
height. T
21. Public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government.
F
22. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government.
T
23. All secondary school in Britain are run and supervised by the government. F
24. When the Second World War ended, Britain no longer was the largest military power in
Western Europe. F
25. The UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition of its
contribution in setting up the United Nations. F
26. Britain is a parliamentary monarch. F
27. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. F
28. The British media play an important role in shaping a national culture. T
29. The British Broadcasting Corporation is funded by license fees and viewers must buy a
license each year for their TV set. T
30. The BBC World Service, the international branch of the BBC, broadcasts in English and
42 other languages throughout the world. T
31. The tradition of having Sunday off derived from the Christian Church. T
32. Easter is the bigger and best loved British holiday. F
33. It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing. F
34. When referring to Ireland, people mean either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland,
a province of Great Britain. T
35. The area covering the Republic of Ireland is five times of that of Northern Ireland. T
36. Most of the people in Northern Ireland are Catholics while the majority of the people in
the Republic are Protestants. F
37. Ireland is a republic with a government headed by a Prime Minister, elected directly by
the people. F
38. Ireland joined the EU in 1971. T
39. The continent of Australia is the largest island in the world. T
40. The Great Barrier Raff goes along the eastern coast of Australia, from Queensland to
Tasmania. F
41. Protestant has been the most dominant form of Australia ever since 1788. T
42. The first documented arrival of Buddhists in Australia was from India. F
43. The European settlement in Australia started in 1788 in Sydney. T
44. At the beginning of the settlement, there were roughly equal numbers of men and
women.
45．The Australian political system follows the western democratic tradition, reflecting British and north American experience . T
46. It is generally expected that the government –general should follow the advice of the
cabinet.T
47. Many migrants poured into Australian during the 1850s .as a result, the Australian
population increased by 50% in that decade. F
48. New Zealand is made up of a large group of islands. T
49. New Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protection. T
50. New Zealand is the first country in the world to give women the right to vote. T
51. Christopher Columbus discovered American in 1492. T
52. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F
53. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate
themselves from Europe. T
54. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regard as the
founding fathers of the united states of American. F
55. The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. T
56. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only
one term. F
57. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party,
formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West. T
58. Alexander Hamilton was the third president of the United States. F
59. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill. T
60. When people buy stocks, they become part owner of the company. T
61. Rip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fennimore Cooper. F
62. Before Mark twain, all major American writers were born on the East Coast. T
63. Among the more than 1500 poems Emily Dickinson wrote, she seldom touched upon
the subject of death. F
64. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable
universities are always more expensive. F
65. It takes at least four years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher
learning in the US. T
66. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. F
67. At the end of the 19th century in America, folk music could only be found in the state of
New York. F
68. In the early 1920’s, jazz flourished in Chicago. Which emerged as the creative center for
jazz. T
69. Canada is the largest country in the North American continent. T
70. The majority of the Canadian population lives in an area not far away from the
Canadian-US border. T
71. Toronto is the biggest city and the capital of Canada. F
72. Officially, Canada refers to itself as a multicultural society within a bilingual framework.
T
73. The aboriginal people in Canada gained the right to vote in 1920s. F
74. The majority residents in Quebec are French speaker, and there are about 6000000
French speakers living outside Quebec. T
75. Provincial government officers all over Canada offer bilingual services. F
选择题
1. Which of the following is not true about Britain?
D. It used to be one of the superpowers in the world
2. In the 17th century ,the English government encouraged people from
Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because _____________
A they wanted to increase its control over Ireland
3. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations ,but is quite
well-known in the world for ______________
D its endless political problems
4. The tower of London ,a historical sight, located in the center of
London, was build by____________
D. William the Conqueror
7.Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?
A. The Anglo-Saxons
8.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government?
A .It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.
9.Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war?
C . Charles I
10.Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queens' role?
A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
11.Which group of people cannot vote in the general election?
B. Lords in the House of Lords.
12.How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at
least in order to win the election?
B.326
13.In the aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain?
B. The US and Russia.
14.Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?
A. The Canterbury Tales.
15.Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?
B. Macbeth.
16.Which of the following writers was the most famous Scottish
novelist?
D. Sir Walter Scott.
17. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ____________
B .can legally receive completely free education.
18. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?
D .The University of Buckingham.
19. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University?
C . No university degree is awarded.
20. Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council?
C. China, Russia, France, Britain and the United States .
21. Which of the following is the world’s oldest national newspaper?
C .The Observer.
22. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?
D. The Times.
23. Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true?
C . The BBC has four channels.
24. Which of the following sport was NOT invented in British?
C. Basketball
25. Where is the international tennis championships held?
B. Wembley
26. Easter commemorates___________
D. the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ
27. Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen’s birthday?
C. Masquerades
28. It was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by __________
D. Saint Patrick
29. In 1541,__________declared to be the king of Ireland, the first English monarch to do
so.
A. Henry VIII
30. Up until 1970’s the Irish economy was __________.
A. inward-looking
31. Today, the Irish economy is dominated in many ways by __________.
D. multinationals
32. 80% of Australian's population lives________.
C .in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders of the
country
33. When did the British take over the continent Australia and declare it "terra nullius”?
B .Late 18th century
34. Which of the following was established as free colony?
A .Western Australia
35. The "Currency children "were ____than their peers in England .
D. Less criminal
36. Which of the following helped to increase the population of Australia significantly?
C. the gold rush
37. Which of the following was not source of migrants for the post-world war 2 assisted
migrations to Australia?
A. the Middle East
38. The governor-general is
D. the formal head of the executive branch of the government.
39.The two main land masses in new Zealand are
B. the north island and the south island
40. The sirst settlers of new Zealand were
A. voyagers from east Polynesia
41. In 1969,________visited new Zealand and claimed it for Britain.
B. James cook
42. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern
development of Europe?
D .the spiritual leadership of the poman catholic church.
43. The following were the main reformation leaders except____
B. Marth Luther King
44. Which of the following American values did NOT from Puritanism?
A. separation of state and church
45. The following were the founding fathers of the American republic except ____
C. William Penn
46. The theory of American politics and the American revolution originated from ______
D. john Adams
47. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?
B. Rhode Island
48. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,
A. there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.
49. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?
C. The president can make laws.
50. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? B. The freedom
of searching a person’s home by police.
51. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 expect ____________ .
A. the Bill of Rights
52. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state
of_________.
B. Rhode Island
53. The “American system” of mass production was first used in ___________.
C. firearms industry
54. The United States was rated _________in the world in terms of land area and the size of
population.
C. fourth
55. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?
D. Moby Dick
56. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is NOT?
D. F. Scott Fitzgerald
57. __________ was NOT written by Hemingway.
A. Light in August
58. In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true?
C. Elementary school, secondary school
59. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors.
Which is the exception?
B. The State University of New York
60. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except
_________
A. investment
61. Which of the following is not the reason for the higher arrest rates
among minority groups?
A .The aggressive nature of these groups.
62. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?
D. Robbery
63. According to the author, jazz music gains acceptance in all classes
in American because of the following reasons. Which is the exception?
B. Both A(It initially appealed to the young and rebellious) and C(Jazz music was
made modified and became more refined).
64. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is_________
D. a form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches
65. Which of the following statements about Canada is true?
C. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a snall population.
66. Which of the following is NOT one of the prairie provinces?
C. New Brunswick
67. Who first came and settled Canada?
B. French colonists .
填空题
1. The United Kingdom has been a member of the European Union since 1973
2. Britain is now a multiracial society which produces of which 1 to 20 are of
non-European ethnicity.
3. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities : Glasgow and Edinburgh.
4. Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the mainland, it is good at getting
investment from abroad, particularly Japan and the United States.
5. To pursue Irish independence ,the most spectacular event in the Irish Rising of 1916,in which the rebels occupied Dublin's Post Office and forced the British to take it back by military means.
6. As Protestants were the majority of the province, they controlled the local parliament, and used that power to support their economic and social dominance in the area.
7. During the civil war in the 17th century , those who represented the interests of Parliament are called roundheads, and those who supported the King were called loyalists.
8. In Britain, the official head of state is the Queen while the real center of political life is in the House of Commons.
9. The British Constitution consist of statute law, common law and conventions
10. The most important function of the Parliament is to pass laws.
11. Strictly speaking ,the Parliament today consists of the Queen ,the House of Lords and
the House of commons.
12. The UK is divided into 651, constituencies with each of them represented by a member in the parliament.
13.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms the government,and its
party leader becomes the Prime Min Ister.
12.There are three major parties in the UK: the Conservative party, the
Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party.
13.National Healthy Service was established by the Labour
government in 1948,providing health care for all the people.
14.Since 1945,the UK economy has experienced relative decline rather
than absolute.
15.In 1979,the Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher came
into power and carried out a programme of reform.
16.The London Stock Exchange is one of the busiest share-dealing
centers in the world.
17.One of the oldest of the early "Old English "literary work is a long
poem from Anglo Saxon times called Beowulf.
18.The Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often
studied by middle school and college students today.
19.Shakespeare's plays fall into three categories. They are tragedies,
comedies and history plays.
20.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective
novel Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which are largely the love stories of a woman for a man .
23. The two oldest universities in Britain are Oxford and Cambridge.
24. Comprehensive schools provide a general education, teaching students everything from
academic subjects like literature and science to more practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.
25. In Britain, people can go to the Open University without having any formal educational
qualifications.
26. Britain’s special relationship with the United States is another major factor which
influences the British foreign policy.
27. The general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is decided by the
Prime Minister and Cabinet.
28. The Guardian is regarded as the most left-wing newspaper in
Britain.
29. The BBC stands for the British Broadcasting Corporation.
30. There are two kinds of horse racing: flat racing and steeplechase.
31. Traditionally, people gave Christmas gifts or money to their staff or
servants on boxing Day , which is the day after Christmas.
32. Overseas Chinese community in British often celebrate Chinese
New Year with dragon dances and fireworks.
33. The whole island has two jurisdiction, one is Republic of Ireland
and the other Northern Ireland.
34. “The Six Countries” are referred to as Northern Ireland.
35. Ireland is on the Western edge of Europe.
36. One of the main reasons for the present economic boom in Ireland
is its accession to the EU. Ireland has received massive structural funds from the EU to improve its present infrastructure.
37. One of the most notable markers of the way the EU membership has changed Ireland is
the status of women.
38. 80%of Australian’s population lives in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders
of the country.
39. When did the British take over the continent of Australia and declare it “terra nullius”?
Late 18th century.
40. Which of the following was established as free colony? Western
Australia.
41. The “Currency children” were less criminal than their peers in England.
42. In terms of its size ,Australia is the largest island and the smallest continent i n the
world.
43. Western Australia was established sea free colony, but turned to convict labour in
1850.
44. The first generation of children who were born in NSW were called Currency children.
45. The immigration restriction act was passed in 1901
46. The governor-general is the representative of The Britain Monarch.
47. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are at the center of the Australian parliamentary
power.
48. The Constitutional Convention was held in the year of 1787 and the president of the
Convention was George Washington.
49. The US federal government consists of the following three branches: the executive, the
legislative and the judicial.
50. The Congress is divided into the House of Representatives with 435 members who
serve two-year terms, and the Senate with 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms.
51. The Supreme Court is composed of 1 chief justice and 8 associate justices.
52. The two major political parties are the Democratic Party, which is thought to be more
liberal, and the Republican Party, which is believed to be more conservative.
53. The first Secretary of Treasury of the United States was Alexander Hamilton.
54. When starting a business or launching new venture, money was needed. That money
was known as capital.
55. The best-known stock exchange is New York Stock Exchange located in Wall Street
area of New York City.
56. In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled
Uncle Tom’s Cabin, which intensified the political debate on slavery.
57. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is considered the greatest novel in
American literature.
58. After World War Ⅰ,many novelists produced literary works of disillusionment. Some
of them lived abroad and were known as the “Lost Generation”.
59. The representative work of the “Beat Generation” was Alan Ginsberg’ poem Howl
60. About 90% of American students go to public schools and 10% attend private schools.
61. The Puritans introduced compulsory education for all children in the 17th century.
62. Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income: student tuition,
endowments and government funding.
63. Any group other than the dominant white Anglo-Saxon Protestant majority is a
minority group in American society.
64. Former President Nixon said that crime is America’s “number one enemy.”
65. President Nixon resigned from office in the year 1974, for his involvement in the Watergate Affair.
66. Canada’s motto is that the country stretches “from sea to sea”, with
the Pacific Ocean on the west coast and the Atlantic Ocean on the east coast.
67. The westernmost province in Canada is BC ---British Columbia.
The prairie provinces are Canada’s breadbasket while Ontario and Quebec are actually the industrial heartland of the country.
68. The first major European settlements were established in Nova
Scotia in 1604 and Quebec in 1608.
69. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?
French.
70. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the
students speak Cantonese
71. By 1985, how many percent of immigrants were non-European?
60%
72. Many people use the notion that American society is a melting
Pot while Canada is described as a mosaic
73. Multiculturalism has caused something of a problem in that
Canadians often feel they lack a “national identity”
74. The city of Vancouver has the second largest Chinese community
in North America, after San Francisco.
英美国家概况课后答案
英语国家概况（1）（2）问题库答案 1. "British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture ? 1. British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years.Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores…. 2. What are some general characteristics of Scotland ? 2. Scotland is the second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. It is also the most confident of its own identity because alone amongst the non-English components of the UK it has previously spent a substantial period of history as a unified state independent of the UK. Thus it is not a big leap for the Scottish to imagine themselves independent again. Physically, Scotland is the most rugged part of the UK, with areas of sparsely populated mountains and lakes in the north (The Highlands), and in the south (The Southern Uplands). Three-quarters of the population lives in the lowland zone which spans the country between these two highland areas. The largest city is Glasgow, in the west of this zone. Scotland's capital city is Edinburgh, on the east coast forty miles away from Glasgow. It is renowned for its beauty, and dominated by its great castle on a high rock in the centre of the city. Both cities have ancient and internationally respected universities dating from the 15th century. 3. Describe Wales' unification with Great Britain. 3. Wales was always under pressure from its English neighbours, particularly after the Norman conquest, when Norman barons set up castles and estates in Wales under the authority of the English Crown. Some brief campaigns are the only times in history when Wales has existed as a unified independent nation. 4. Are there any differences between England and Wales in terms of cultural tradition ? 4.Yes, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use. 5. Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there? 5. Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, and one of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.
英美概况英国版感想-研究生英美概况课程作业之一
My feelings for the class of survey of Britain In terms of this class, I have gained a general understanding of the British society from the exploration into every corner , which is ranging from rel- igion, education, architecture, holidays and so on. This broadens my visi- on to a much larger extent. Generally speaking, they can be summarized as follows: First of all, a preliminary social scene has been shown to us during the class. The UK is a great nation all around the world and people speaking native English must have something different from us Chinese. Classmat- es from different majors have shown me the Britain society from their own view, which I think is very interesting. For example , someone gave his lecture by the way of listing lots of pictures. The moment was watc- hing the pictures I got a lot of information, besides , it seems not very boring. Secondly, it is《The Rise of Great Powers》.This is the twice I have wat- ched this documentary. While, I regard it as a reflection of the history of the Britain . It is also a showcase of the Empire of the Sun and a brainst- orm to me. Someone maybe whisperd, we China also does have a history as brilliant as Britain. However, from a foreigner’s view , it is fresh enoug- h and exciting enough.Perhaps, we may get lots of lessons from Britain. Finally, the teaching form is novel and lively. During my showtime, I am the reporter of the class. People sitting in the classroom are all listeners
英国部分英美概况汇总题库
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
《最新英美概况》练习参考答案(美国部分)
《最新英美概况》 练习参考答案 （本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题） ==================================================== PART TWO The United States Chapter Eight The Land P. 209—210 I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 181 2. 2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner. 3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon. 4. June, 14th, June 14th. 5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government. 6. 36, 36 states. 7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence. 8. Pierre L’Enfant, light, service. II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A B C D 5. C D III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T IV Answer the following questions. 1. (1) At first the Continent was named as “America” after explorer Amerigo Vespucci. (2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies first used “the thirteen united States of America” in the Declaration of Independence. (3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when the Second Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation. 2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent the original thirteen colonies. White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of respect to God. 3. The stars and strips have different meanings. Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteen colonies before the independence of America.
[0035]《英美国家概况》
[0035]《英美国家概况》 1 The River Thames is the famous "mother" river in Britain. Also known as the Thame River, which originated in the Cotswold Hills in southwest England, it has a total length of 346 kilometers. It spans over 10 cities in London, the UK capital, and along rivers. The basin covers an area of 13,000 square kilometers and changes in the downstream river in London. Wide, forming an estuary with a width of 29 kilometers, into the North Sea. Upstream in London, there are many places of interest along the Thames, such as Eaton, Oxford, Henry and Windsor. The estuary of the Thames is full of Britain’s busy merchant ships, but its upstream river is known for its static beauty. In the history of the United Kingdom, the Thames River Basin occupies a pivotal position. 2 It is changeable. 3 The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize 6 The Comprehensive Secondary School system, instituted before 1960, has been developing rapidly. The system requires children to start receiving school education at the age of 5. After six years of study at primary schools, they a re eleven years old. But the “eleven plus” is no longer required. All pupils from primary schools can be admitted into this kind of secondary schools. After 6 years of study at these secondary schools, pupils reach the school-leaving age 16. All of them are required to sit for national examinations conducted by public examining boards. Those who do not want to receive higher education take easier examinations to win the General Certificate of Secondary Education with which they can leave school and look for full-time paid jobs. Those who want to attend university are required to take different public examinations and the examination papers are more difficult. 7 The Comprehensive Secondary School system, instituted before 1960, has been developing rapidly. The system requires children to start receiving school education at the age of 5. After six years of study at primary schools, they are eleven years old. But the “eleven plus” is no longer required. All pupils from primary schools can be admitted into this kind of secondary schools. After 6 years of study at these secondary schools, pupils reach the school-leaving age 16. All of them are required to sit for national examinations conducted by public examining boards. Those who do not want to receive higher education take easier examinations to win the General Certificate of Secondary Education with which they can leave school and look for full-time paid jobs. Those who want to attend university are required to take different public examinations and the examination papers are more difficult 9：The Mississippi river, also known as “old man river”, is the most important and largest river of theUnited States. Nearly all the rivers west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Rockies flow toward each other and empty into this largest river, the “father of waters”, ofAmerica. The
英美概况(英国篇5大英帝国的兴衰_)
英美概况（英国篇5:大英帝国的兴衰 ) I. Whigs and Tories 辉格党人和托利党人 These two party names originated with the Glorious Revolution (1688). 这两个政党名称皆起源于1688年的光荣革命。 The Whig were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Whig were to form a coalition with dissident Tories in the mid-19th century and become the Liberal Party. 辉格党人是指那些反对绝对王权，支持新教徒宗教自由权利的人。辉格党人在 19世纪中叶与持不同意见的托利党人组盟组成自由党。 The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party. 托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。托利党是保守党的前身。 I. Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th Century 18世纪末的农业革命 During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the "open-field" system ended when the Enclosure Act was passed. The movement lasted for centuries. Agricultural enclosure had good as well as bad results: 18世纪末、19世纪初的农业革命期间，随着《圈地法》的颁布，传统的"开放田地"制结束。圈地运动持续了将近一个多世纪。农业圈地运动的利弊共存： （1） Farms became bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the small; 由于大农场兼并了小农场，农场成为越来越在的生产单位； （2） More vegetables, more milk and more dairy produce were consumed, and diet became more varied; 人们消费的蔬菜，牛奶及奶制品越来越多，饮食种类愈加丰富； （3） Enclosure was a disaster for the tenants evicted from their lands by the enclosures. These peasant farmers were forced to look for work in towns. Enclosure led to mass emigration, particularly to the New World; 圈地对佃家而言是场灾难，他们被赶出土地，被迫到城镇找工作。圈地运动导致了大规模的移民，尤其是移民至新大陆。 （4） A new class hostility was introduced into rural relationships. 农村关系中产生了新的阶级对立。 II. The Industrial Revolution (1780-1830) 工业革命（1780-1830） 1．The industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. 工业革命指的是17世纪末、18世纪初英国工业的机械化，以及因此而导致的社会结构和经济结构的变化。
英美概况考试试题集
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
英美概况
英美概况 《英美概况》第一版于2010年出版后，因其语言通俗易懂、内容新颖、趣味性强而深受广大师生喜爱，多次重印。但出版至今的四年多来，世界发生了很大变化，尤其是英美两国的政治、经济和军事。为了给广大师生提供最近的成果，有必要对此书进行必要的修订。 新修订的教材体例保持了原版的风貌，只是对部分内容进行了更新，使其更符合英美国家现实。譬如，英国现任首相是卡梅伦，2013年英国的GDP为2.522万亿美元，人口是6 410万;美国的GDP则为16.8万亿美元，人口是3.161亿。另外，概要、历史、政治、经济、军事、文化与教育、宗教、文学艺术等内容也根据最新成果作了更新。 参加本书修改版的教师分别为:概要(刘雪，部寒)、历史(张军燕，宋艳梅)、政治(王春玲，王莉，王晓琳)、经济(韩小宁，刘白玉)、军事(顿小慧，王建波)、文化与教育(刘夏青，刘璐丝)、宗教(包芳)、文学艺术(包芳，顾征)。"保持乐观"部分由刘白玉编写，"附录"部分由扈珺编写。 你想了解英美吗？你想知道英美文化的根源吗？你想了解英语语言的故事吗？ 又或许你有游历英美的计划，又或者你希望能提升自己的英语能力，那么这是一门适合你的课程。
“英美概况——纵览?博闻”是一门面向社会学习者开放的素质教育通识课。本课程旨在通过系统介绍英国和美国的历史、地理、政治、经济、文化传统，风俗习惯和语言发展，使学习者对这些国家有充分的了解。本课程是一门全英语授课的文化类通识课程，旨在提高你文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性。同时，这还是一门实用性很强的文化知识课，通过线上课堂，线下阅读教材，参与课堂讨论和互动完成作业，丰富审美趣味，增强对西方文化的了解，扩大知识面，提升个人的跨文化交际能力以及英语的表达能力，课程配备中英双语字幕，适合不同学习者的需要。 视频讲授由主讲教师担任，每周围绕一个主题，集中讲授一到两个专题，分解为多个知识点，以三至五段视频呈现；直播课程是对课程内容的补充，学生可以在直播间和老师进行实时互动。 这不仅是一门普通的文化通识课，我们在教学中融入主题相关的语言技巧，配套有丰富的语言学习资源。在这里你可以遇见和结交众多和你一样对英美文化和英语语言感兴趣的朋友，还犹豫什么，赶紧加入我们吧！
英美概况教学课程总结
英美概况教学课程总结 本学期我担任了０９应用英语和商务英语班的英美概况教学任务，在紧张和忙碌的教学工作中，一个学期转眼即逝，现在将本学期的教学工作大致总结如下。 1.本学期我担任的英美概况虽然不是新课，但我并没有因此马虎。课前 认真备课，钻研教材，教学中能总结去年的经验，根据学生具体情况 和需求力求在教学内容和方法上有所改进和突破。 2.认真使用电子教室，探索计算机辅助教学模式。本学期我任教的2 个班都使用电子教室。我课前认真备课，花了大量时间设计制作幻灯 片。每堂课严格按照学校的要求进行。电子教室的使用加大了课堂教 学容量和密度，提高了教学效率。根据教学内容介绍了英美国家的历 史、地理、政治、文化、教育、风情习俗和有关文学常识，帮助学生 对英语国家有一个很好的了解。 3.为了检测学生的掌握程度，经常会布置一些作业留给学生思考，而且 在课堂上也强调学生的主动参与，发表对某一历史事实的看法，强化 学生的理解与记忆。 4.同时为了提高自己的能力，我多次向其他老师学习观摩，进行听课。 听课的主要对象是双高老师和教学经验丰富的老师课。听了这些老师 的课，我的收获很大，逐步掌握了一些驾驭课堂的技巧。听完课之后， 把老教师上课时讲到的记在听课记录上，然后对我自己的备课教案进 行修改，将老教师很多优点和长处应用到我的课堂教学当中去，让我 的课堂组织能力得到了很大的提高。除了听课之外，平时我也经常向 其他老师请教教学上的问题。这些老师都非常热情的帮我解答，使我 获益匪浅。从中我也明白了，知识和经验不会自己从天上掉下来，必 须发扬勤学好问的精神，把自己当成学生一样，积极吸取周围其他老 师一切先进的东西，才能提高自己的水平。 努力方向：今后应加强理论学习和实践交流，力求在教学方法上有所突破。探索计算机网络辅助教学模式。 2010年12月29日
英美国家概况总结
英国概况 英格兰面积最大 苏格兰，爱丁堡为首府 威尔士，加的夫，Cardiff为首府 北爱尔兰，贝尔法斯特Belfast为首府 伦敦，UK首都，皇家法庭royal courts of justice 及圣保罗大教堂st paul’s cathedral在这里。威斯敏斯特westminster，伦敦市的一个行政区，也叫西敏寺，这里有议会houses of parliament，包含大钟楼big ben，白厅whitehall即英国政府，白金汉宫buckingham palace即英国皇宫，还有st james’ hall 圣詹姆斯宫。 The great charter in 1215,1215年大宪章，亦称the great charter or Magna Charta,确保一些平民的政治权利与自由，保障教会不受国王的控制，改革了法律和司法，限制国王及王室官员的行为。 议会雏形，1265年，Simon de Montford 召集the Great Council在西敏寺开会，就是最早的议会，后来发展了House of Lords上议院，House of Commons下议院。 玫瑰战争和英国宗教改革： Richard 三世和Henry Tudor都铎（duduo）打了玫瑰战争，都铎胜利，终成五代都铎王朝。 亨利八世进行宗教改革，想切断英国教会与罗马教皇的关系，使英国教会独立起来。宗教改革的真正进行是在亨利八世的儿子爱德华时期，新教是Protestant，即基督教，改革叫做“The Reformation”。伊丽莎白一世时期，伊丽莎白为女王统治英国，她是基督教徒，大力推行新教，从此英国都是信奉新教。 文艺复兴运动The English Renaissance 文艺复兴是中世纪到现代的过渡时期，从1350-1650，有300年，从意大利发起，达芬奇等人为代表。在这段时期，罗马教会经历新教改革，人文主义兴起，海外探索（大航海时代？）。 英国内战The Civil Wars 是国王和议会间的战争，Norttingham King Charles和议会开战，国王军是Cavaliers(骑士)，议会军是Roundheads(圆颅党)，因为他们短发。查尔斯战败，克伦威尔Cromwell称王。英国内战又称清教徒革命，因为国王的反对者多是清教徒Puritan。清教徒是基督教新教中的一派。这场战争颠覆了英国的封建制度，甚至动摇了欧洲的封建制度，被认为是世界现代史的开端。 王朝复辟The Restoration 克伦威尔死后，儿子Richard 继位，但是统治失败，议会选择让上代国王流放法国的儿子King Charles 二世回归。 光荣革命The Glorious Revolution 奥兰治王室（William of Orange橘子？英国的名字真搞笑），用一场不流血的政变夺了王室的权，William and Mary 共同接受了Bill of Right(1689)权利法案，英国“光荣革命”后巩固资产阶级与封建贵族联合专政、确立君主立宪政体的宪法性文件之一。君主立宪由此开始。 辉格党和托利党（Whigs and Tories） 两党名称来自光荣革命，辉格党就是后来的Liberal party，托利党是Conservative party
《英美概况》课后练习
期末考试 一、单项选择题 1. The UK is bordered on the _____ by the English Channel. A. east B. west C. north D. south 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】答案选D。The UK is bordered on the south by the English Channel.参见教材P86。 本题知识点：Geographical features(UK), 2. The narrowest part of the English Channel is called _____. A. the Straits of Dover B. Chunnel C. Strait of Gibraltar D. Marroqui 【正确答案】A 【答案解析】答案选A。The English Channel between England and France is quite narrow and the narrowest part is called the Straits of Dover.参见教材P86。 本题知识点：Geographical features(UK),
3. The UK has a _____ climate. A. arid climates B. semi-humid C. continental D. maritime 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】答案选D。The UK has a maritime climate.参见教材P88。本题知识点：Climate(UK), 4. The UK is an island country which lies between latitude _____ north. A. 50° to 60° B. 30° to 40° C. 40° to 50° D. 60° to 70° 【正确答案】A 【答案解析】答案选A。The UK is an island country which lies between latitude 50° to 60° north.参见教材P88。 本题知识点：Climate(UK), 5. The UK has a _____ throughout the whole year.