利用磷石膏开发替代水泥的早强充填胶凝材料

Series No．465March一2015一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一金一一属一一矿一一山METAL MINE 一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一总第465期2015年第3期

收稿日期一2014-11-14基金项目一国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(编号:SS2012AA062405)三

作者简介一张光存(1967 ),男,研究员,博士研究生三通讯作者一高一谦(1956 ),男,教授,博士研究生导师三

张光存1,2,3一杨志强1,3,4一高一谦1,3一王有团1,3

(1.北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083;2.内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010;3.金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083;4.金川集团股份有限公司,甘肃金昌737100)

摘一要一金川矿山周边堆放有大量的固体废弃物磷石膏,而金川矿山充填法采矿对胶凝材料有大量的需求三为

了降低充填采矿成本,实现废弃物的资源化利用,保护矿山环境,以磷石膏为主要原料,进行了早强型充填胶凝材料的开发研究,并依据磷石膏基胶凝材料水化3d 的SEM 图片对胶凝材料的水化机理进行了分析三结果表明,胶凝材

料中生石灰二NaOH二磷石膏二芒硝的质量分数分别为4%二2%二30%和1．5%的情况下,3二7二28d 的抗压强度分别为3．46二5．57二9．56MPa,早期强度明显超过设计要求三SEM 分析表明,磷石膏基胶凝材料水化反应生成水化硅酸钙凝胶和钙矾石对充填体的强度起着决定性的作用三该磷石膏基早强型胶凝材料可替代现场的32．5#水泥三

关键词一磷石膏一早强胶凝材料一充填采矿法一抗压强度

一一中图分类号一TD926.4一一一文献标志码一A一一一文章编号一1001-1250(2015)-03-194-05Development of Early Strength Filling Cementing Material with Phosphogypsum as Substitute of Traditional Cement

Zhang Guangcun 1,2,3一Yang Zhiqiang 1,3,4一Gao Qian 1,3一Wang Youtuan 1,3

(1.School of Civil and Environmental Engineering ,University of Science and Technology Beijing ,Beijing 100083,China ;2.School of Mining and Coal ,Inner Mongolia University of Science &Technology ,Baotou 014010,China ;3.Key Laboratory of High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines ,Ministry of Education ,Beijing 100083,China ;4.Jinchuan Group Co.Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,China )

Abstract 一There are large amount of phosphogypsum piled around Jinchuan Mine as waste rock,meanwhile the mining

process of Jinchuan Mine have massive demand on cementing materials for backfilling.Early cementing materials are developed using phosphogypsum as main material,in order to reduce filling costs and convert the waste into valuable resources and im-

prove mine environments.With the help of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),the hydration mechanism of 3d cementing materials based on phosphogypsum was analyzed.The experiment results indicated that,with the mass ratio of 4%,2%,30%,1.5%,early compressive strength of cementing material is 3.46,5.57,9.56MPa respectively,higher than that of designed re-quirements.SEM analysis showed that the hydrated calcium silicate gel and ettringite play a decisive role in improving the strength of filling body,through hydration reaction of the cementing material based on phosphogypsum.Early strength cementing

material made from phosphogypsum can replace the current 32.5#cement.Keywords 一Phosphogypsum,Early strength cementing material,Backfill mining method,Compressive strength 一一充填法采矿因为具有回采率高二贫化率低二地表沉降小和易于控制采场地压等优势而越来越多地应

用于矿山的开采实践[1-4]三金川矿山是我国最早采用

充填法采矿的矿山之一三针对高地应力和不稳固围

岩的深埋厚大矿体,金川矿山探索出与之相适应的下

向分层进路式充填采矿方法,充填材料主要采用棒磨

砂和水泥胶凝材料三为了确保采矿安全并提高采矿

生产能力,金川矿山的充填体必须有较高的早期强度,3二7d 的抗压强度必须分别不低于1．5二2．5MPa,28d 的抗压强度也不应低于5．0MPa三为满足此要求,当前矿山采用高灰砂比(1?4)和高浓度(约80%)的管道输送技术,其充填成本之高国内外少见(182．2元/m 3)[5-7]三金川矿区附近的甘肃瓮福化工有限责任公司是四491四