【15份】2015年暑期初高中衔接英语语法专项练习
【15份】2015年暑期初高中衔接英语
语法专项练习
III形容词和副词
1.Tony is going camping with ________boys.
A. little two other
B. two little other
C. two other little
D. little other two
2.—Mum, I think I’m ________to get back to school.
—Not really, my dear, you’d better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
3.— Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?
— If you keep still, you can sit at ________end.
A. neither
B. each
C. either
D. any
4.It is impossible for so ________people to do so________work in a single day.
A. few; much
B. few; many
C. little; much
D. little; many
5.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ________tractors in 1988 as
the year before.
A. as twice many
B. as many
C. twice as many
D. twice many as
6.Which is ________country, Canada or Australia?
A. a large
B. larger
C. a larger
D. the larger
7.— Will you take this dictionary to Mr. Anderson, please?
—Sorry, I can’t, he________.
A. doesn’t any more study here
B. doesn’t any l onger there study
C. doesn’t study any more there
D. doesn’t study there any longer
8.— I have to pay 100 dollars for this toy car.
—It’s probably________.
A. worthy them
B. worthy it
C. worth them
D. worth it
9.The color TV set in the Yellow Crane Commercial Building will be ________, but ________.
A. cheaper; not as good
B. cheaper; not as better
C. more cheap; not as better
D. more cheap; not as good
10.Her voice sounds________.
A. sweetly
B. sweet
C. to be sweetly
D. to be sweet
11.May I have ________more water-melons (西瓜)?
A. any
B. every
C. some
D. each
12.He is not planning to go________.
A. anywhere
B. somewhere
C. nowhere
D. everywhere
13.I don’t like this ink, I like ________ink.
A. some others
B. another
C. an other
D. some other
14.The work pleased the old man; this work________.
A. pleased
B. was pleased
C. pleasing
D. was pleasing
15.Eating an apple a day is considered ________to health.
A. use
B. usely
C. useful
D. useless
16.Do you know the name of that________?
A. funny, little, red mosquito-like insect
B. little, funny, mosquito-like insect
C. red, little, funny, mosquito-like insect
D. little, mosquito-like, funny, red insect.
17.We can finish our lecture________quickly if you keep quiet for a few minutes.
A. fairly
B. well
C. too
D. soon
18.—Let’s go to the seashore this morn ing.
— We are planning to; in fact we have the picnic basket packed ________.
A. however
B. still
C. yet
D. already
19.She is ________too old to travel long.
A. quite
B. very
C. far
D. many
20.— I wish Mubble would drive us to the airport.
— He has ________to take us all.
A. too small a car
B. very small a car
C. a too small car
D. such small a
car
21.Piddy’s plan was ________.
A. so good as, if no better than ours
B. as good as, if not better than ours
C. as good like, if no better than our’s
D. as well as, if not better than ours
22.The more we looked at the mountain, ________.
A. the less we liked it
B. we like it less
C. better we like it
D. it looked better
23.Who lives ________here?
A. farthest away
B. furthest away
C. the farthest from
D. the further
away
24.— How was the party?
— Fine except that we arrived________.
A. terribly late
B. terribly lately
C. terrible late
D. terrible lately
25.— How about Joe Hill?
— He arrived home ________and sound.
A. safe
B. safely
C. with safety
D. in safe
26.— What do you think of that job, Tonny?
—We feel ________that the job shouldn’t have been done so carelessly.
A. strong
B. strongly
C. being strong
D. to be strong
27.Because she was late again for school, the teacher became________.
A. very angrily
B. much angry
C. very angry
D. much angrily
28.Can you give me ________change for this ten-dollar note?
A. little
B. short
C. small
D. tiny
29.Jane swims ________than I, but she doesn’t swim ________my sister.
A. better; as well as
B. better; better
C. as well as; better
D. better; than
30.They went by train ________Beijing, and there took ship ________France.
A. so far as; for
B. as far as; to
C. to; so far as
D. for; as far as
31.The food tastes ________and sells well.
A. nice
B. well
C. salt
D. much better
32.The result proved________.
A. correct
B. that his words right
C. being correct
D. what he said is
right
33.The ________ spider lives in the hot, thick rain forests of South America.
A. bird-eaten
B. eaten-bird
C. bird-eating
D. eating-bird
34.He thought the Englishman was ________that American.
A. so clever as
B. less clever than
C. as cleverer as
D. more cleverer
than
35.I’d like him to go and see ________the coat would be ready.
A. how soon
B. how long
C. whether
D. that
36.Speak________, please, I can’t hear you.
A. loudly
B. louder
C. alouder
D. more loudly
37.It is certain that he has ________heart trouble.
A. little
B. no
C. not
D. big
38.In the sports meet he jumped ________, so he was ________spoken of.
A. highly; high
B. the higher; highly
C. highest; highly
D. more highly; very high
39.He is not good at French, ________ good at German.
A. he is
B. nor does he
C. neither he is
D. neither is he
40.Look out! Here________.
A. comes the bus
B. is the bus coming
C. the bus comes
D. the bus is
coming
41.Your coat is wet. Why not take ________?
A. off it
B. it off
C. it down
D. out it
42.This hall is ________that room.
A. twice big than
B. twice as bigger as
C. not big as
D. twice as big as
43.You’d better keep your mouth ________ and your eyes________.
A. close; open
B. closed; open
C. closed; opened
D. close; opened
44.Ella was a ________shy girl but her classmates seldom thought of her as shy.
A. quite
B. rather
C. too
D. so
45.The little boy was ________frightened ________move.
A. both; and
B. too; to
C. either; or
D. not; until
46.The children were ________excited to see ________many strange things in the museum.
高中英语语法教学的重要性及策略
高 考 ?学科教育? 二○ 一三年 八月 81 高中英语语法教学的重要性及策略 盐城市伍佑中学 宋 政 摘 要：本文从教师和学生的心理来分析问题，发现了现代英语教学过程中对待语法知识的一些误区，阐述了语法教学在高中英语教学中的重要性，然后根据自己的理解和经验总结出了一些关于英语语法教学的方法，这些方法更重要的是培养学生的自主学习能力。 关键词：高中英语；语法教学；有效性策略；自主学习； 一、英语语法教学的重要性 在高中英语教学的过程中，有很多老师不太在意语法的教学。在应试教育的背景下，只注重学生的听、说、读、写、译这五个方面，忽视了语法的重要性。了解语法，对于学习一门语言极其重要，它能够帮助我们更快更好的理解语言并运用语言。所以，在高中英语教学过程中，让学生熟练的掌握英语语法，十分必要。高中生学习英语已不是初次接触，所以早已没有开始学习的热情，随着英语的深度和难度的加大，当老师讲解语法知识时，会感到困惑，觉得英语学习碰到了瓶颈。尽管买了一大堆的资料，练习翻译、写作，却发现效果不明显。 英语学习是一个全面的过程，包括听、说、读、写、译和语法，语法更是其中最重要的一个方面。只有掌握了语法，才能更为深入和全面的了解英语，才能更为直观的了解作者想要表达的意思。通过老师在课堂上对英语书中知识的讲解，学生会对英语有一些了解，但这些并不足以让他们熟练的运用英语，这就需要用有效方法去学习语法，使得英语的学习更加规范和全面。教授学生英语语法知识，有助于提高学生的英语成绩，为日后学生的英语交流打下基础。因此，英语语法的教学不能忽略，老师要运用有效的、有策略的方法让学生系统的接受语法知识。 二、英语语法教学的策略 1、明确教学任务，分清重难点。 高中生所要接触的语法内容很多，比如各种从句、直接引语、间接引语和情态动词等，这些内容前后联系，复杂繁琐，需要老师从整体上系统具体的把握这些知识点，以便于教学过程中能够得心应手。同时，老师也要对自己学生的语法基础有大概的了解。再者，老师的教学过程要有重点，不能没有层次。要注意分析学生的作业和试卷，整理出学生易错的知识，并加上自己对语法的了解，然后在课堂上把整理出来的重点详细讲解，其他内容大概讲解，对于个别同学提出的问题要认真对待，确保每个学生都能理解这些语法知识。 2、把语法知识融入日常教学，并循环复习。 有些老师会仔细地把自己的教学任务分成好几部分，然后按照自己的安排决定每节课所要教的内容。我觉得这并不科学，任何一门语言都是整体的，不能够把它分成多少部分来教学，语法是贯穿整个语言之中的。在英语教学过程中，如果老师一下子把所有语法都交给学生，学生是无法接受的，他们的能力有限，如果一次性要学的东西很多，那就容易弄混、弄错，甚至什么都没记住。因此把语法只是融入日常的教学环节，是明智之举。艾宾浩斯的遗忘曲线规律告诉我们，人们接受信息时是短时记忆，会遗忘，只有及时的复习才能变成长时记忆。循环复习知识点，有助于加深印象，在教学过程中，老师要有耐心，要不厌其烦的讲解同一个知识点。 3、理论联系实际，培养学生自主能力。 老师在教学过程中要注意理论与实际相联系，把语法结构用在平时的交流中,让学生在实际的语言中去感知、理解、 记忆,从而更有效地掌握语法。高尔基说过，书籍是人类进 步的阶梯。看书是人们获取知识的重要途径，但很多学生不知道该怎么看，老师可以推荐一些比较好的语法书给学生，让他们利用课余时间去看。重要的是要让他们学会自己发现问题、提出问题及解决问题，培养他们自主学习的能力，这时老师应该充当的是辅助学习的角色，《英语课程标准》中也指出要以学生为主体的思想。 4、多样教学，活跃课堂气氛。 理论上来说，学习应该是一个快乐的过程，但由于我国的特殊背景，高中的课堂一般都异常沉闷，不像国外，课上随意发言，老师和学生像朋友一样交流问题。而且由于我国高中生课程较多，英语不是唯一课程，课后用来学习英语的时间也不多，因此英语的运用能力得不到锻炼，语法知识就不会很好。在课堂上，老师可以为学生创造出一些情境，让他们自由发挥，提高交际能力，激发学生对英语的学习兴趣。老师一味的用枯燥的专业名词讲解语法势必会让学生感到无聊乏味，如果能增加教学的趣味，就能够带来意料之外的好结果。比如有些琐碎的知识点，一个个记很麻烦也不一定能够记住，这时可用顺口溜，语句简短，趣味性也不错，这就可以引起学生的兴趣，就容易记住那些本来不易记住的东西。同时，也可以推荐学生多看一些好的美剧和英语书籍，既可以放松心情也可以学习知识，一举两得。 5、结合对比归纳法。 英语语法复杂繁琐，有很多规则相似，但不易区分，尤其在运用时，学生很容易搞错。在教学过程中，老师除了要及时帮助学生改正错误，还要帮助他们发现规律，运用对比归纳法发现区别，加深印象。例如在学习名词性从句时，可以对比以下句子，分清各是什么从句： ①She dose not know when Marry will come back.②The question is when Marry will come back.③When Marry will come back is not known yet. ④They have no idea about when Marry will come back. 让学生仔细比较四个斜体的句子，尽管都是when Marry will come back 但由于位置不同，句子结构也不同，学生可以发现第一个宾语从句，第二个是表语从句，第三个是主语从句，第四个是同位语从句。然后老师将名词性从句的词序特征、四类连接词和关系代词的使用方法进行对比和归纳，让学生能全面了解名词性从句，从而达到让他们正确运用的目的。 总而言之，语法教学是一个长期而艰巨的过程。作为教师，应不断的学习，提高自身业务能力，可以针对不同的教学目标和内容，采用不同的教学方法。语法的教学过程不是一味地让学生接受知识，而是要让学生灵活运用知识。老师在教学过程中，要精心设计教学活动，并注意语法知识与其他英语知识的融合，使学生更好地理解所学知识。
高中英语语法大全
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
高一英语语法大全
O(∩_∩)O~人教版高一英语词组Unit1 1.argue about 争论….. 2. be fond of 喜欢….. 3. all the time 一直，始终 4. make fire 生火 5. develop a friendship建立友谊 6. care about 关心，担心 7. in order to 为了…… 8. hunt for 搜寻；追寻；寻找 9. such as 例如 10. make friends交朋友 11. be regard as被当作….. 12. click …away 点击……发送 13. make a difference有所不同 14 .drop sb. a line给某人写信 15 keep in mind记住 16.at the end of 在…..的末尾 wake up醒来 wander off 漫步 most of the time 大部分时间 either…or… 或……或……
each other 互相 spend…(in)doing s th 花费时间做某事 be determined to do 决定做…… think about 看法 for example 举例子 work out 得出；解决 argue for 为……辩护 argue with 与……争论/争辩 argue against 争辩…… set up （具体）设置；安装/（抽象）建立do some research 做研究 choose to do sth. 宁愿、偏要、决定做某事catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意 care for 照顾 be intended for/to do 为……而准备、预定reach a doctor 找到医生 must have done 一定是；想必是 get a training 得到训练 as well as ……也 second to 次于 get sb. into使某人进入/陷入 story after story 一个故事接着一个
高中英语语法填空专题训练附答案
Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken. 71. 【答案】from 【解析】考查固定短语。be different from“和…不同”，是固定短语。故填from. 72. 【答案】especially 【解析】考查副词。especial是形容词“特殊的，特别的”；especially是副词“尤其，特别”。
高中英语语法大全归纳总结-高中语法归纳总结
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高一英语语法填空专题练习
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初高中衔接英语语法基础知识汇总
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高中英语语法总结大全-形容词和副词
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高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习
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［内容摘要］进入高中学生面临着不同的学习环境、身心状态、教材内容、学习方法和大不相同于初中时的学习节奏；教学方法和学习方法的不衔接，考试评估方向有别等诸多问题。我们的课题探究了如何处理好初、高中英语教学过程中的知识衔接问题和如何指导学生学习方法等非智力因素方面的转变。 ［关键词］高中英语教学衔接 一、问题的提出 作为一名高中英语英语教师，我们会频繁的听到学生对我们诉说：一上到高中，我连课堂上老师讲的是什么都不知道了；节奏上我跟不上，内容我也记不住，也不能理解。课后面对如此多的内容，我无从下手。 在高中教学的一线教师甚至有人的学习了高考考试说明之后指出：考试说明中列出的词汇有一半以上都是初中的词汇。但是在学习的过程中，学生体现出这样一个问题：词汇量严重不足或者是遗忘。在教学过程中有很多的词汇教师们都知道是初中就学过的，但是学生却一点儿也不认识。 对于这样的一种结果，作为高中英语教师，我们早有心理准备。因为我们深知初中和高中分别属于中学教育中两个具有不尽相同的教育规律和特点的阶段,在此期间,学生的生理,心 理特征均发生了变化,存在较大差异。进入高中学生面临着不同的学习环境、身心状态、教材内容、学习方法和大不相同于初中时的学习节奏。教学方法和学习方法的不衔接，考试评估方向有别等诸多问题，同时教师缺乏从初一到高三的大循环教学，初中和高中教师彼此不熟悉对方的教学情况。 尽管如此，在现实教学中，大部分的英语教师还是忽略了初高中英语教学的有效衔接。主要是因为：1.高中英语教学任务重，时间非常紧。高中英语教学常要赶进度是常见现象； 2.缺少系统的符合本校要求的一系列的材料，尤其是教学用的练习材料； 3.缺少一种重视初高中英语教学衔接的氛围。没有这一氛围，大部分教师更多时候只是抱怨学生初中基础不好不牢固。 因此，我们提出了这一研究课题，相信在课题有序的进行中能创造一种氛围，在这一氛围中能促使全体教师重视初高中英语教学的衔接，从而使学生能更加顺利地成功地过渡到高中英语学习。 二、本课题他人的研究 对初高中英语教学衔接进行研究不是一个很新的课题。这一课题在各地都很受重视。无论从哪一方面来看，都有着很多的经验可取。如教学策略衔接、学习方法衔接、知识的衔接等。理论可以学习，给验可以借鉴，知识衔接的归纳总结我们也可以取需使用。我们认为，他人对此所进行研究所取得的种种成果都是我们进行课题研究的有利基础。在这样一种情况下，我们可以更为顺利地结合我校实际进行研究，力图找到适合我校的一些做法。更重要的是让我校全英语教师都来重视这一问题，从而在教学工作中有效地引导学生从初中的英语学习顺利并成功的过渡到高中英语学习。 三、研究的主要问题 1.了解我县初中英语课堂教学、师资情况和我县英语教学现状。 2.根据实际情况提出初中、高中英语教学衔接的做法（对策）。 3.通过有效的教学方式的尝试，解决好初、高中英语教学衔接问题并推广应用。 4.认真分析研究初高中的学生、初高中的教材、教学目的要求、教学方法的异同点，寻求良好衔接的途径和方法。做好高中英语教学的承上启下工作，挖掘学生的知识潜能。 5.在教学过程中激发，保持，强化学生已有的良好英语学习信心、学习兴趣、学习方法、学习习惯，进一步发展符合高中英语学习规律的学习机制。达到语言技能、语言知识的运用。 四、研究的意义和价值
高一英语语法专项训练练习及答案
专题一名词、介词和数词 1．The_________is just around the corner and you won’t miss it． A．bicycle’s shop B．bicycle shop C．bicycles shop D．bicycles’shop 2．Rose was wild with joy________the result of the examination． A．to B．at C．by D．as 3．________people in the world are sending information by E-mail every-day． A．Several million B．Many millions C．Several millions D．Many million 4．This is not a match．We’re playing chess just for________． A．habit B．hobby C．fun D．game 5．No matter what you do，you should put your________into it． A．mind B．heart C．brain D．thought 6．There are usually at least two________of looking at every question． A．means B．directions C．views D．ways 7．My chest________when I make a deep breath，doctor． A．harms B．wounds C．hurts D．injures 8．The home improvements have taken what little there is________my spare time． A．from B．in C．of D．at 9．Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain________an inch． A．by B．at C．to D．from 10．To regain their________after an exhausting game，the players lay in the grass． A．force B．energy C．power D．health 11．According to the recent research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily________and effect． A．reason B．impact C．fact D．cause 12．Every new________has the possibility of making or losing money． A．event B．venture C．adventure D．expedition 13．The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism________the wildlife in the area． A．in B．off C．at D．with 14．The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took________pictures of them． A．many of B．masses of C．the number of D．a large amount of 15．“I don’t think it's my________that the TV blew up．I just turned it on，that’s a11．”said the boy． A．error B．mistake C．fault D．duty 16．One of the consequences of our planet’s being warming up is a(n) ________in the number of natural disasters． A．result B．account C．reason D．increase 17. Life is tough in the city．In order to lose their________，some people drink alcohol． A．temper B．mood C．consciousness D．pressures 18．I don’t mind picking up your things from the store．________，the walk will do! me good． A．Sooner or later B．Still C．In time D．Besides 19．The accident is reported to have occurred _______the first Sunday in February． A．at B．on C．in D．to 20．________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend． A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of 21．He got to the station early，________missing his train．． A．in case of B．instead of C．for fear of D．in search of 22． I feel that one of my main duties________a teacher is to help the students to be．
高中英语语法大全(新版)
英语语法大全 第一部分：词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is, are, have, see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接 宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁)/ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课)/ The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？) 3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法： (1)派生名词：①动词+er/or②动词+ing③动词+(t)ion④形容词+ness⑤其他,如： inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：①名词+y②名词+ful③动词+ing/ed④friendly⑤dangerous⑥ Chinese; Japanese⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩国名+(i)an如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible