定语从句
区分定语从句和其他句型
①区别于简单句和并列句
There are 70students in our class , most of whom are boys. (定语从句) There are 70students in our class , and most of them are boys. （并列句）There are 70students in our class . Most of them are boys. （简单句）
②区别于强调句型
It is in the factory that he works. (强调句型)
It is the factory where he works. （定语从句）
③区别于同位语从句
The news that she had passed the excited us.（同位语从句：对名词解释说明) The news that he told us excited us. （定语从句：对名词修饰限定）
④区别于状语从句
Do you know the time when the class is over? (定语从句，有先行词)
Let’s play games when the class is over.（时间状语从句，无先行词）
Put the book where it belongs. (地点状语从句，无先行词)
一、用相应的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1. He_____makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.
2. I know the reason_________he was angry.
3. You can take anything______you like.
4. Our hometown is no longer the one______ it used to be .
5. He is a man ______we should learn from.
6. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of __________ mouth tea is supposed to come.
7.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to_________ she could turn for help.
8. He came the day _________I was out.
9. I live in the room_________he used to live.
10. Have you asked him the reason ________may explain his success?
11.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______interact with one another.
12.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication especially at work ____ a good impression is a must.
13. ________is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
14. A company _____profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
15.He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the
accident.
二、改错
1.Children easily open the bottle what we now use in China.
2.It’s really nice to visit Sydney, which beautiful scenery and delicious food gave me a better impression.
3.At the same time, another student, that saw everything, went up to help.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/7916195542.html,st month our school held a Reading Week, which aim was to encourage the students to read widely.
5. A journal called Annals of Family Medicine recently published an article, who called for doctors to start treating children’s contact to secondhand smoke as abuse.
大学英语定语从句汇总
定语从句 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有WHAT；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用： ①连接作用，引导定语从句。 ②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 ③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。 注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。 定语 定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。 关系代词 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
who指人在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天，我帮助了一个迷路的老人. whom指人 在定语从句中充当宾语，常省略。（注：who和whom已无太大区别，基本可以通用。唯一区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以。） (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. 刘先生就是在公交车上和你聊天的那个人. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩. (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 他就是那个和我聊天的男人. 如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book. 他就是那个有英语书的男人. whose通常指人也可指物 在定语从句中做定语。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow? (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? which指物 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.
定语从句选择题练习
定语从句选择题练习 一、定语从句 1．The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我看过两次的电影是《流浪地球》。A. who谁，指人的引导词；B. which哪一个，指物的引导词；C. where哪里，指地点；D. when什么时间，指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie，因此引导词用which。故选B。 2．The teenagers like the musician ____ different kinds of music. A．who play B．which plays C．who plays D．that play 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 试题分析：句意：青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词，后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人，用who、that引出定语从句，Ｂ错；关系词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数，谓语用单数：plays。故选C。 3． The dog _______ played with you just now is _______. A．which; mine B．which; my C．what; mine D．what; my 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。 Which哪一个；what什么；mine名词性物主代词，我的；my形容词性物主代词，我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。 4．We have decided to sell five things ________ we no longer use. A．that B．where C．who
定语从句专项练习题及详解50题
定语从句专项练习题及详解50题 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who
定语从句最全面的知识点整理
定语从句整理 定语从句分为限定性和非限定性 1.定语从句修饰先行词 2.关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which, as 关系副词：where, when, why 3.关系词在句中的作用1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分 4.关系代词在从句中做主语或者宾语； 5.关系副词做状语，相当于：介词+which。 when是时间状语，where是地点状语，一些特殊先行词后面也用where，比如 point, situation, part, condition,case 表示到了某种地步，某种程度也用where. * where和when都可以换成介词+which，但是不是所有介词+which都可以换成where或者when。 *不是所有介词都可以放在which或者whom前面，一些动词短语比如：look for, look after，take care of turn in, pay attention to, depend on, listen to就不能拆开使用，且介词后面不能用who或者that 关于关系词的省略 1)who, whom, that, which, 做宾语时可省。 2)that做表语可省 be动词后 3)that做宾补可省 4)*关系副词when在time, year, day后面可省，也可换成that,但不 普遍 5)*关系副词where在place, 和anywhere, somewhere这种--where 的后面时候可以省略，也可换成that但不普遍 6)*关系副词why放在the reason后面，即可换成 for which, that 又可省略，此较普遍。但放在a reason后面可省，但貌似不可以换成that 7)the way后面可以用in which, that 也可省略 关于that 可以用that的情况； that 在定语从句中的功能非常多 1.可以代词关系代词 who, whom, which, 既可以做主语又可以做宾语，做宾语时可以省略；限从中可以说遇到关系代词就可以换成that， whose除外，因为whose的名词所有格（。。。的）whose= of which 2.关系副词why修饰the reason可换成that,也可省。 Notice:见到the reason不一定非要选why, 做宾语时候选which/that, 也可省。 3.that在某些特殊情况下代替 where， when但不普遍。 4.the way后面可以用in which, that 也可省略 必须用that的情况 (做宾语依旧可省） 1.先行词是不定代词 everything, anything, nothing, 等不定代词 *不含something 2.先行词被every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等限定词修饰 3.先行词被序数词修饰 the first, the second..... 4.先行词被最高级修饰 the best, the most 5.先行词被the very, the most修饰时
定语从句选择题
语法拓展训练单项填空 1. ______ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games. A. That B. Which C. As D. It 2. Living in the Central American desert has its problems, ______ obtaining water is not the least. A. of which B. for what C. as D. whose 3. I don’t know the reason ______ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason ______ you haven’t told me. A. why; that B. that; why C. because; which D. of which; that 4. When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people ______ she had visited. A. that B. who C. where D. which 5. Because of the traffic jam ______ I was caught, I was late for the meeting. A. by which B. in which C. that D. where 6. There are three things ______ make Sydney famous, its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. A. what B. that C. when D. where 7. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of ______ mouth tea is supposed to come. A. which B. that C. its D. whose 8. The soldiers had to sleep in their wet clothes, ______ most uncomfortable.
定语从句译法
定语从句译法 定语从句是历次试题翻译部分必涉及到的。而且，还经常出现多重定语从句，一层修饰一层。 例如： Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale which we are comparing our subjects provides a "valid" of "fair" comparison. 【结构分析】句中with which we are comparing our subjects 是定语从句，修饰限定the scale。可译为："在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所使用的…" 【参考译文】既然对智力的评估是比较而言的事，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所使用的尺度能提供"有效的"或"公平的"比较。 It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques. 【结构分析】从机构上看，这是一个主句带两个由who引导的定语从句。尽管结构复杂、信息量大，但还是条理清晰的，因为句子结构环环相扣：前面who从句限定social science historians。这个句子可以改写成：It applies equally to traditional historians and to social science historians. Traditional historians (or the former) view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources. Social science historians (or the latter) equate their activity with specific techniques. 这样表达的意思完全一样，但表达方式却很平淡、罗索。而从汉语的表达习惯来说，句子的修饰成分过多或过长往往会造成喧宾夺主、语言含混。如本句可照字面直译。 【参考直译】它同样适用将历史仅仅看作是对历史材料来源的内部的和外部的批评的传统历史学家，和把历史研究活动等同于具体研究方法的社会科学历史学家。 这样的译文较忠实于原文，但读者看起来却很费劲。我们可以按汉语的习惯表达调整为：
高考英语定语从句单项选择题
高考英语定语从句单项选择题 1. His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone________ family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 2. She heard a terrible noise,_______ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 3. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 4. The weather turned out to be very good, _______ was more than we could expect. ^ A. what B. which C. that D. it 5. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when 6. Carol said the work would be done by October, ___ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which 7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _____, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 8. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ___ was very reasonable. 、 A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 9. ____ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. As B. It C. That D. Which 10. He lived in London for 3 months, during___ time he learned some English. A. this B. which C. that D. same 11. Oh the wall hung a picture, ____, color is blue. A. whose B. of which C. which D. its 12. Whenever I met him, ___ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile. 》 A. what B. which C. that D. when 13. The visitor asked the guide to take his picture ____ stands the famous tower. A. that B. where C. which D. there 14. The boss ___ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women. A. in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose 15. I don't like ___ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 16. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. ___ I got wet through. ' A. It's the reason B. That's why C. There's why D. It's how
定语从句练习
一、请分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词) 1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You couldn’t understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didn’t like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently? 8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10.What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12.If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13.Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14.If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15.All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you. 2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3.The man __________ you went to see has come. 4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money. 5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher. 6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there. 7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr. Ball. 8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened. 9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday. 10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful. 11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten. 12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time. 13.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday. 14.A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word. 15.The book____________is on the table is mine. 16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting. 17.I will never forget the people and the places _____I have ever visited. 18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer. 20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English. 三、单项选择 ( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ( ) 2. What’s the name of the program________. A. which are listening B. you are listening to C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening ( ) 3. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything ( ) 4. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.
第五章 第四节 定语从句的译法
第五章第四节定语从句的译法 英语中的定语从句是比较复杂的语言现象，与汉语的定语相比较，有两点相异之处：（1）汉语的定语比较简单，一般放在所修饰的名词前面，英语的定语从句则放在修饰事物的后面，一般比较长，是个完整的句子。（2）汉语的定语一般是形容词修饰名词，而英语的定语从句分限定性和非限定性的，尤其是非限定性的定语从句，对所修饰的名词限定性并不强，有时兼有状语化的职能，不仅仅起定语作用，译时要根据汉语的表达习惯进行转换。 一、译成定语 若定语从句与主句的关系比较密切，且在译成汉语时完全可以用“……的”结构来直接修饰主句有关的词，那么就没有必要将其与主句拆开，而直接译成定语即成。 1. In this course, the third world, where the largest part of world population live and where abundant natural resources still lie hidden must play its due role. 在这一过程中，拥有世界最多人口、丰富的自然资源沿未开发的第三世界应发挥它应有的作用。 2. The time will surely come when the Chinese people will realize the four modernizations. 中国人民实现四个现代化的日子一定会到来。 3. The (the Grand Canal) met a pressing need by linking the Yangtze Valley, which had become the economic center of the country, with the North, which remained the political center. 这一大运河满足了将已成为全国经济中心的长江流域同仍是政治中心的北方连接起来的迫切需要。 4. And then Gratiano, who loved to copy what his lord did, thought he must make a speech like Bassanio’s. 随后，一举一动都喜欢模仿他主人的葛莱西安诺，觉得他也应该说几句像巴萨尼奥那样的话。 5. Our hope and vision was to forge a Sino-American relationship which would contribute to world peace and the welfare of our two people. 建立一种有利于世界和平和我们两国人民幸福的中美关系是我们当时的希望和憧憬。 二、分句译法 有些定语从句结构较复杂，虽说是语法上的定语从句，但在意义上独立性较强，和主句是两个并列句子。翻译时将此类定语从句单译成一个句子，置于主句之后。 1. He gave me a book which I kept to this day. 他曾送给我一本书，（这本书）我直保存至今。 2. We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged. 在此我们对特别委员会表示满意，特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。 3. Relations between China and Denmark which dates back in January 1950 is friendly. 中国和丹麦之间的关系一直是友好的，这种关系可以追溯到1950年1月。（这种
定语从句单选题
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