2018年高考英语模拟题考试英语试卷-Word版含答案

英语试题

本试卷共10 页, 三大题,满分135 分,考试用时120 分钟

注意事项：

1.本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分。

2.答题前。考生务必将自己姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。

3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

第I 卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）

第一节（共15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分30 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

To achieve further education, international students must take a standardized test of English. Three popular tests are TOEFL, TOEIC, and IELTS.

Here are several introductions for a student applying to a school to learn which test the program requires.

The TOEIC tests workplace communication

The TOEIC test started in the 1970s. The TOEIC is based on English used in the workplace. But the test does not require knowledge of special business words. The questions come from real situations like attending a company meeting.

ETS says that 14,000 organizations in 150 countries use the TOEIC.

The TOEFL tests English used in the classroom

There are several versions of the TOEFL.

Students take the Internet-based TOEFL, or TOEFL IBT, on a computer. Many U.S. universities require the TOEFL IBT for international student admissions.

Another TOEFL is the paper-based TOEFL, or TOEFL ITP. It is part of ETS’s institutional testing program. TOEFL ITP is used within institutions for the purpose of placement or to evaluate progress of students. It is not accepted for entrance to universities.

For young English learners, there are two new TOEFL tests. The TOEFL Junior Test is for young people between 11 and 15 years old. And the TOEFL Primary Test is for those over the age of eight. IELTS tests academic and general language skills

The IELTS has two forms. The Listening and Speaking sections are the same for both forms. In the Reading and Writing sections, however, there are two different tests.

The Academic IELTS uses topics and materials covered in undergraduate, graduate, or professional programs.

The General IELTS uses topics and material from everyday books, newspapers and magazines.

1. Which kind of TOEFL is used within institutions for the purpose of placement or to evaluate progress of students?

A. TOEFL IBT.

B. TOEFL ITP.

C. TOEFL Junior Test.

D. TOEFL Primary Test.

2. According to the passage, which description is Not right?

A. The TOEIC test includes questions coming from real situations like attending a company meeting.

B. Many U.S. universities require the TOEFL IBT for international student admissions.

C. The Academic IELTS uses topics and materials covered in undergraduate, graduate, or professional programs.

D. The Listening and Writing sections are the same for The Academic IELTS and The General IELTS.

3. The writer wrote the article mainly to ___________.

A. make an introduction about three popular tests

B. place an advertisement for three popular tests

C. give a business talk about three popular tests

D. give a lesson on three popular tests

B

NASA on Thursday announced the discovery of Kepler-452b, the most Earth-like planet ever found. Located 1,400 light-years from our planet, NASA called it “Earth 2.0”, because it’s the first planet discovered in the habitable zone of a G star similar to our sun.

“We can think of Kepler-452b as an older, bigger cousin to Earth, providing an opportunity to understand and reflect upon Earth’s evolving environment,” said Jon Jenkins, the Kepler data analysis lead at NASA's Ames Research Center.

The planet is 5 percent farther away from its star than Earth is to the sun, making for a slightly longer year of 385 days, but gets similar light because its sun is 20 percent brighter than our own.

“The sunshine from this star would feel very similar to the sunshine from our star,” Jenkins told reporters.

NASA believes the planet has a mass about five times more massive than Earth’s, with a rocky surface below a thicker atmosphere than our own. Gravity would be about twice as strong on Kepler-452b as it is on Earth, NASA said.

The planet is located in the Kepler-452 system in the constellation Cygnus (天鹅座). Its sun has the same surface temperature as our own, but has a diameter that is 10 percent larger.

While NASA scientists have no idea if Kepler-452b’s at mosphere is conducive to life, they do know that there has been plenty of time for organisms to develop.

“It’s awe-inspiring to consider this planet spent 6 billion years in the habitable zone of its star, which is longer the age of the Ea rth,” Jenkins said. “That is considerable time and opportunity for life to arise somewhere on its surface or oceans if all the necessary conditions for life exist on this planet.”

4. The reason why NASA called Kepler-452b “Earth 2.0” is that ___________.

A. it is 5 percent farther away from its star than Earth is to the sun

B. it has a mass about five times more massive than Earth’s

C. it’s the first planet discovered in the habitable zone of a G star similar to our sun

D. it is longer the age of the Earth

5. According to the passage, we know that ____________.

A. Kepler-452b is located in the constellation Cygnus

B. Kepler-452b’s atmosphere is conducive to life

C. gravity would be about twice as strong on Earth as it is on Kepler-452b

D. the sunshine from Kepler-452b would feel very different from the sunshine from earth

6. The underlined part “habitable zone” in the last paragraph refers to ___________.

A. a large area which is different from others

B. a small area which is the same as others

C. a large area which is good enough for people to live in

D. a small area which is hard for people to live in

7. What type of writing is the text? It’s ____________.

A. an exhibition guide.

B. an art show review.

C. a science fiction

D. a news report

C

Are you trying to learn a new language in a foreign land? You might be better off if you stopped looking at that picture of your family and friends.

New research from Columbia University found that prompting someone who is learning a new language with images and reminders of their own culture could temporarily ruin everything that the brain was trying to build.

When native Chinese students were asked to talk with a Caucasian avatar (白种人的虚拟头像) and a Chinese avatar, their English skills were so different. Simply exposing students to a Chinese person affected their ability to speak English. Subjects who talked with the Chinese version felt more comfortable in their speech, but they produced 11% fewer words per minute. They actually became less fluent speakers.

To make sure it wasn't just the avatar, researchers also showed people random images of China while the participants told a story. When pictures of their homeland appeared, fluency dropped 16% and volunteers were 85% more likely to use a literal translation, for example, calling pistachios “happy nuts”, because that's literally what the Chinese word for pistachio means. When the students were shown pictures of fish with one swimming ahead of the others, their culture would change how they look at the photo. With Chinese prompts (提示), like photos of the Great Wall or Chinese Dragon, etc. they saw more students thinking that the fish was being chased, while an American prompt, like pictures of Marilyn Monroe or Superman, saw those students believing that it was a leader fish. Why are our cultural symbols Marilyn Monroe and Superman?

The bottom line is: when attempting to learn a new culture it is far better to surround yourself with that culture than create an island of the old one.

8. Why does the author use a question in the first paragraph?

A. To raise a question.

B. To arouse readers’ awareness.

C. To introduce the topic.

D. To tell a story.

9. The underlined word “pistachios” in the fourth paragraph refers to ___________.

A. pictures

B. a kind of food

C. volunteers

D. an image

10. From the passage we can infer that ___________.

A. with Chinese prompts, more students thought that it was a leader fish

B. with an American prompt, more students thought that the fish was being chased

C. different images would change with different people

D. different cultures would affect how students look at the photo

11. According to the research, which is a better way for a student in a foreign land to learn a new culture?

A. To surround himself with that culture.

B. To create an island of the old one.

C. To see random images of China.

D. To talk with a Caucasian avatar.

D

Just three days after hitting the screen across China, the Chinese animation (动画) film “Monkey King: Hero is Back”aroused enthusiasm among audience and ticket sales have exceeded（超过）100 million yuan ($16.11 million).

Web celebrities and many fans even posted top ics about the film on China’s Twitter-like Weibo, at which heated discussion are sparked.

“Monkey King: Hero is Back” is based on the household legend of the Monkey King, but tells a not-so familiar story. However, it’s still a Chinese s tyle heroic legend and an exciting adventure against evil and darkness in troubled times, according to Lu Wei, the producer.

“Monkey King is China’s super hero. It is so popular among Chinese audience because they long for and cherish our own superhero,” said Tian Xiaopeng, the director.

Some media also put on a lot of comments from foreigners.

“He’s never dead, he’s just fallen asleep. We all need a hero to look up to, to give us hope and courage when it is needed. We grew up listening to his tales, his great adventures and heroic deeds. What makes a true hero is not just helping people when one has the power, but having the courage to stand up against the evil even without power. And this is what the film is about. When the hero loses his power and armor, when he is nothing more than an ordinary monkey, what would he do to protect the one he loves? This is also about a group of Chinese dream chasers trying to keep the beacon of hope lit even though being in the most unfavorable situations” from Tumblr.

“Though the film was injected with a little bit of Hollywood, its bold and creative story has attracted several Chinese cinema aficionados.” from Yibada.

One netizen posted after watching the film: “The film sets a new high-bar for the domestic animation film, when I walked out of the theater, I was crying.”

12. According to the director’s opinion, the film is so popular among Chinese audience because

_______.

A. Chinese audience long for and cherish his own superhero

B. the film is based on the household legend of the Monkey King

C. the Chinese need a hero to look up to, to give them hope and courage

D. the film was injected with a little bit of Hollywood

13. According to the passage, it can be inferred that _________.

A. the film is still a Chinese style heroic legend

B. the film is well-received

C. the film tells us the fact that what makes a true hero is to help people when one has the power

D. the film only aroused enthusiasm among Chinese audience

14. After watching the film, the netizen mentioned in the last paragraph was _________.

A. very sad

B. deeply moved C .very crazy D. deeply gloomy

15. Why does the writer mention Weibo, Tumblr and Yibada? Because he wants to __________.

A. persuade more readers to visit them

B. tell readers some information about them

C. make them better known to readers

D. provide some evidence for readers

第二节（共5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Want a part-time job? 16 It requires some training, patience and understanding of how to calm a baby when he cries. Here are some tips that may help you. Prepare for the job. Check your calendar to make sure you are available when asked to babysit. 17 . Find out what time you will be needed, night or day, and again check to make sure you can help. If not, you can ask the person whether you can babysit another time, or babysit another child. Write down the following information: cell phone number, the address and the phone number of the place where they will be, and the child’s name, blood type, doctor’s name and doctor’s number. 18 You have to know these because you never know wh at will happen. You need most of the kid/baby’s medical information. Also ask where the first aid things are kept. Make sure you get all the emergency phone numbers needed. Police, ambulance, fire department and their cell phone numbers are very important and should be written clearly on the refrigerator. If they give you a grandparent’s phone number, that’s also good, because the parents might be at a shopping mall and may not be able to hear their cell phone.

19 It is better if the parents write them down because you could make a mistake when writing. This is another very important thing to do. Find out where all the things, such as baby bottles or spare clothes are kept.

Never leave the baby out of your sight! Keep the baby you’re watching in one area, so that you can make sure he is safe. If the child you are watching is older, keep him limited to the house, or if you’re outside to the backyard. 20 . All children should be kept as far away from a street as possible.

A. They are very important in an emergency.

B. Looking after a baby may be a good choice.

C. Stay calm in case an accident should happen.

D. Never answer the door unless you know who the visitor is.

E. Make sure the parents give you instructions if caring for a baby.

F. Smaller children should stay where you can see them at all times.

G. This will help avoid the frustration of a last minute change of plans.

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分55 分）

第一节：完形填空（共20 小题，每题2 分，满分40 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Modern zoos are very different from zoos built fifty years ago. At that time, zoos were places where people could go to 21 animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in 22 with iron bars. The cages were easy to keep clean. 23 , for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. Although the zoo 24 took good care of them, many of the 25 did not feel comfortable and they often became 26 .

In modern zoos, people can see animals in more 27 conditions. The animals are given more 28 in large places so that they can live more as they would in

29 . Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and water flows 30 the places that the animals live in. There are few bars.

31 , there is often a deep ditch, filled with 32 , which surrounds

a space where several 33 of animals live together as they would naturally. In an American zoo, the visitor can walk through a huge special cage that is filled with 34 , some small animals and many birds, and large enough for the birds to live 35 . In a zoo in New York, because of special night 36 , people can observe certain animals that are 37 only at night, when most zoos are closed. Some zoos have special places for visitors to 38 animals that live in the desert, or under water.

Some other zoos have special places for animals that live in cold conditions like the 39 from the Arctic.

Modern zoos not only show animals for visitors, but also 40 and save rare animals. For this reason, fifty years from now, the grandchildren of today's visitors will still be able to enjoy watching these animals.

21. A. feed B. see C. play with D. hunt

22. A. houses B. rooms C. cages D. offices

23. A. Therefore B. However C. So D. Though

24. A. masters B. managers C. keepers D. trainers

25. A. workers B. animals C. students D. visitors

26. A. excited B. angry C. ill D. frightened

27. A. natural B. difficult C. warm D. different

28. A. freedom B. time C. sunshine D. water

29. A. forests B. nature C. rivers D. mountains

30. A. in B. by C. near D. through

31. A. Instead B. Instead of C. And D. Or

32. A. stones B. earth C. oil D. water

33. A. sorts B. families C. classes D. groups

34. A. people B. food C. trees D. fishes

35. A. happily B. naturally C. deeply D. hardly

36. A. moon B. sign C. light D. signal

37. A. sensitive B. active C. living D. sleeping

38. A. feel B. touch C. watch D. talk to

39. A. snakes B. monkeys C. bears D. tigers

40. A. buy B. keep C. sell D. catch

第二节语法填空（共10 小题，每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

阅读下面材料，用不多于1 个单词的正确形式填空。

Jessica Cox, who was born with a rare non-genetic birth 41 (perfection) that left her without arms, has never let her disability hold her back. 42 (grow) up, Cox did it all, from swimming lessons to girl scouts, modeling, tap dancing and Taekwondo. At the age of 14, she’d already earned a black belt. She even learned how

43 (fly) a plane wit h her feet. Becoming a pilot wasn’t always a dream for Cox, 44 after going up in a single engine airplane with 45 fighter pilot several years ago, she was inspired to overcome her 46 (initially) fears. In 2008, after extensive training, she earned 47 (she) Light Sport Pilot Certificate, and in 2011 she set the Guinness World Record for the “First Armless Person in the World Ever to Have 48 (obtain) a Pilot’s License.” Cox has now traveled to 20countries on six continents 49 she shares her inspirational story. She believes anyone can excel, regardless of disability, with 50 (encourage) and support.

第II 卷

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40 分）

第一节短文改错（共10 小题，每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下故事。故事中共有

10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。

One evening after work John drove away his secretary home because she fails to start her car. Not want to bother his wife, Maureen, he decided not to mention it to her. Later that night, John and Maureen were driving out to eat while John spotted a high-heeled shoe hid under the passenger seat. Pointing to anything out of the passenger window to distract the wife, he picked up the shoe and tossed it out of his window. They arrived in the restaurant a short time later. When they were about to get out of car,

Maureen enquired, “John, have you seen my other shoes?”

第二节书面表达（满分25 分）

曾经的“独生子女”政策已经改变，全国各省市已开始实施“单独二孩”的政策。你校对“你是否愿意家中有一个小弟弟或小妹妹?”的问题进行了调查。大多数同学表示愿意。请你对此话题用英语给校报写一篇短文，表达你的观点，内容包括：

1．对这一问题，同学们的观点和理由。

2．你个人的观点和理由。

注意：1. 词数100 左右。

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：sibling: 兄弟姐妹

第I卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

1—5 BDACA 6—10 CDCBD 11—15 AABBD

第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）

16-20 BGAEF

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

21-25 BCBCB 26-30 CAABD 31-35 ADACB 36-40 CBCCB

第二节语篇填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

41. imperfection 42. Growing 43. to fly 44. but 45. a

46. initial 47. her 48. Obtained 49.where 50. encouragement

第II卷

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

One evening after work John drove away (去掉away) his secretary home because she fails (failed) to start her car. Not want (wanting) to bother his wife, Maureen, he decided not to mention it to her. Later that night, John and Maureen were driving out to eat while (when) John spotted a high-heeled shoe hid (hidden) under the passenger seat. Pointing to anything (something) out of the passenger window to distract the (his) wife, he picked up the shoe and tossed it out of his window. They arrived in (at) the restaurant a short time later. When they were about to get out of the (加) car, Maureen enquired, “John, have you seen my other shoes (shoe) ?”

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

One possible version:

The “one child” policy has been changed in our country and it is possible that some of us may have a brother or sister. Are you willing to have a younger sibling in your family?

In a schoolwide survey about this question, most of my fellow students say yes. They are very glad to have a companion at home and therefore they will no longer feel lonely when their parents are busy working. In addition, they can learn to share things with and offer help to other people. The few others who say no to the question are afraid that their parents will love them less if they have a younger brother or sister at home.

As for me, I will be very happy to have a younger brother or sister. For one thing, a small child is great fun to me and I like to play with him or her. For another, I will have a good friend to do things with, to talk with and to share my life with. (172 words)