高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法:冠词名词代词形容词副词介词汇总讲解及练习

高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法:冠词名词代词形容词副词介词汇总讲解及练习
高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法:冠词名词代词形容词副词介词汇总讲解及练习

冠词

1.不用冠词的情况

(1)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,一般不加冠词。

China , America, Smith

(2)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。

March, May Day, National Day, Children’s Day, Women’s Day

Have you had supper?

Spring is the best season of the year.

(3)称呼语及表示头衔职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时,一般不加冠词。

What’s this, Father? We made him our chairman.

Professor Li.

(4)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。

Do you study physics?

He likes playing football/chess.

(5)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。

They are peasants/ workers.

(6)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。

by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land

但:take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus需注意。

(7)某些固定词组中不用冠词。

①名词词组中:

husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork

②介词词组中:

to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to,at, from)university(college),to(in, into, from)church, to(in,into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town,at (from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot

注意:在有些词组中,有无冠词含义不同。

in hospital 住院(因病)

in the hospital在医院(工作、参观等)

in front of在前面,指某物体之外

in the front of在前部,指某物之内

2.定冠词的使用情况

①特指或第二次提到。

②序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的东西前。

③用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前。

④ the+形容词表示一类人

the rich, the poor, the young 富人,穷人,年轻人

⑤the+姓氏复数表示这一家人

the Smiths/the Whites(表示一家人或夫妇俩)

⑥用在表示计量的名词前,如by the hour,by the day,by the dozen,by the yard等,

但是如表示单位的名词为不可数名词,之前不用冠词,如by weight/height等。

He was paid by the hour/week/month.

⑦用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。

in the 1990s

3.不定冠词常用的几种情况

(1)表示“一”相当于“one”。I’ll return in a day or two.

(2)表示“每”相当于“per”。We have three meals a day.

(3)表示“同一性”相当于“the same”。The children are of an age.

(4)表示类指,表示“某类”。He wants to he a doctor.

(5)表示泛指,相当于“any”。A horse is a useful animal.

(6)表示某一个,相当于“a certain”。A Mr. Smith is asking to see you.

(7)与抽象名词连用,可以表示“一场、一次、一件”,如:a pleasure一件乐事,a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事,a joy一件高兴的事,a pity一件遗憾的事,an honour一个(件)经以为荣的人(事)。

4.冠词表类别

(1)定冠词+ 单数可数名词,表示一个,代表一类。

The computer was invented in 1945.

The TV set was invented by Joan Baird.

The horse is a useful animal.

(2)不定冠词+ 单数可数名词(表示任意一个,某一个)。

A pen is a tool for writing.

A square has four sides.

A horse is a useful animal.

(3)可数名词或不可数名词,指类别(考虑到同类中的各个情况)。

Horses are useful animals.

Rice is a kind of food.

选择填空

1. Most animals have little connection with_______animals of_________different kind unless they kill them for food.

A.the … a B./ … a C.the … the D./ … the

2.Paper money was in___________use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in __________thirteenth century.

A.the … / B.the … the C./ … the D./ … /

3. .(2014·江西,22)They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.

A.a;the B.the;the

C.the;a D.a;a

4. (2014·陕西,19)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

A.The;a B.A;the

C.The;the D.A;a

5. (2014·天津,8)Life is like ________ ocean:Only ______ strong-willed can reach the other shore.

A.an;the B.the;a

C.the;/ D./;a

6. (2014·重庆,6)I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.

A.the;a B.a;/

C.a;the D.the;/

7. (2013·陕西,19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century.

A.the;a B.a;/

C./;the D.the;the

8. (2013·新课标全国Ⅰ,31)India attained ________ independence in 1947,after ________ long struggle.

A./;a B.the;a

C.an;/ D.an;the

1. B 名词复数表类别,其前不用冠词,故第一个空格不填冠词,表不定概念的“一种”,“某种”要用不定冠词a。

2. C 题中in use是固定搭配,意为“在使用”,use为抽象名词,其前不用冠词。后者是序数词前用定冠词the。要牢记一些固定搭配如in use、under construction(在建设中)、in debt(欠债)、come to power(执政)、on fire(着火)、at table(用餐)、out of work(失业)等。

3.C 句意:因为他们知道汤姆是一位精明的领导,所以就选他当球队的队长。可知,第一空用定冠词是特指这个球队的队长,第二空用不定冠词表示泛指意义。

4. A 句意:我出生的那个小村庄已经变成了一个城镇了。根据句意可知,“我出生的村庄”由定语从句修饰,表特指,用定冠词the;而第二空应是泛指。

5. A 句意:生活就像一个大洋,只有那些意志坚强者才能到达彼岸。此句中的ocean 是可数名词且是第一次出现,故用an;第二个空中the+adj.表示一类人,是定冠词的用法之一,故选A。

6. A 句意:我无法告诉你去威尔逊家怎么走,因为我们村没有叫威尔逊的。由句意可知前者是特指,后者为泛指。

7. A 句意:据说,在13世纪马可·波罗在去爪哇岛的途中在太平洋上航行过。the Pacific Ocean固定搭配;第二空在序数词前,表特指,用定冠词the。故选D。

8. A 句意:印度在长期抗争后,于1947年获得独立。independence是不可数名词,在其前面通常不加冠词;struggle表示“努力,奋斗”时,常用作单数,在其前面加不定冠词。

选择填空

1. .(2014·安徽,29)—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?

—That's a good ________.

A.saying B.question

C.suggestion D.Account

2.(2014·天津,3)Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power.

A.source B.sense

C.result D.Root

3. (2014·浙江,6)We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.

A.attempts B.requests

C.doubts D.Promises

4. .You’ll find this map of great _____________in helping you to get round London.

A.price

B.cost

C.importance

https://www.360docs.net/doc/803441265.html,eful

1. C 句意:——如果你没有足够的钱买一辆新车的话,为什么不先买一辆二手车呢?——这是个不错的建议(suggestion)。saying 说法;言论;account 账户;解释;说明,理由。根据句意应选C。

2. A 句意:风力是现今世界上增长最迅速的一种能源。A.源泉,来源;B.感觉,意义;

C.结果;

D.根,根源;根据上下文语境,故选A。

3. B 句意:我们大部分人都不会拒绝我们认识或者喜欢的人(提出的)要求。attempt尝试;request要求,请求;doubt怀疑;promise诺言。

4 C。本题考查特定语境中名词的词义及“be of + 抽象名词”结构。Price (价格),cost(价钱,费用,成本)不符合题意,value作“quality of being useful or desirable”解时,常与of搭配,在句中作表语或补语,意为“有用,有价值”。故选择value。注意名词词义辨异及惯用法表达,题中“of + 抽象名词”相当于该名词的形容词形式。

either和neither

either是“两者中任何一个”的意思,neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思

Here are two pens. You may take either of them.

Neither boy knows French.

①either也意为“也”,用于否定句的句末。He doesn’like tea, and I don’t either.

②either与or构成连词,意为“不是……就是……”或“要么……要么……”。

He is either Japanese or Chinese.

③neither用作副词,意为“也不”,即“not…either”。He can’t do it, neither can I.

④neither可与nor构成连词,意为“既不……也不”。Neither he nor you are a student.

other和another, the others 和others

the other表示“两者中的另一个”;the others表示“其他的人或物”。“others及other + 复数名词”泛指“其他的(别的)人或物”。

He got two books; one is textbook, the other is a novel.

Five of the pencils are red, the others(the other pens)are yellow.

Some are singing, others are dancing.

another修饰或代替单数可数名词,意为“(三个或三个以上的)另一个”

This coat is too dark. Please show me another.

Please give me another book.

选择填空

1.In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ________,knives and forks.

A. another

B. others

C. both

D. All

2. She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.

A. both

B. neither

C. none

D. either

3. You can ask anyone for help. ________ here is willing to lend you a hand.

A. One

B. No one

C. Everyone

D. Someone

4. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ________ on the small ones.

A. one

B. this

C. that

D. It

5. It's an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do ________.

A. others

B. either

C. another

D. both

1. B 句意为:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃东西,然而在其他一些国家用刀和叉。A项意为“另一个”;B项意为“另外,其他”;C项意为“两者都”;D项意为“全部”。故选B。

2. B 句意为:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住过,但这两个地方她都不喜欢,于是迁居到了剑桥。根据语境可知,空格处用表示二者完全否定的不定代词。neither意为“两者都不”

3C句意为:你可以向任何人求助。这里的每一个人都很乐意给你提供帮助。one意为“一个人”;no one意为“没有一个人”;everyone意为“每一个人”;someone意为“某个人”。根据“You can ask anyone for help.”可知,此处指这里每个人都乐意帮助你。

4.C句意为:主街道上绿灯通行信号比小街道上的绿灯通行信号时间更长。that特指上文出现的可数名词单数,空格处指green signal,that符合题意,故选C。one指代可数名词单数,同类不同物,表泛指;this指代上文已提到的人或事物时,意为“这,这个”;it指代同类同物。

5.D

形容词和副词

1.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ________ smile and let him go.

A. cautious

B. grateful

C. tolerant

D. Wild

2.David is ________ animal fur, so he won't visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.

A. curious about

B. allergic to

C. satisfied with

D. fond of

3. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are ________ meaningful things to do.

A. less

B. more

C. the least

D. the most

4. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ________.

A. blindly

B. unwillingly

C. closely

D. Carefully

5Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it ________.

A. nowhere

B. however

C. otherwise

D. Instead

6.If we leave right away, ________ we'll arrive on time.

A. hopefully

B. curiously

C. occasionally

D. gradually

1C句意为:她没有责备那个打碎花瓶的小孩,而是宽容地朝他微微一笑,让他走了。A项意为“谨慎的,小心的”;B项意为“感激的”;C项意为“容忍的,宽容的”;D项意为“狂野的,野生的”。

2. B句意为:David对动物皮毛过敏,因此他不会到那些养猫或养狗的人家里去。be curious about对……好奇;be allergic to对……敏感;be satisfied with对……满意;be fond of 喜欢。

3.B句意为:我认为每晚看电视就是浪费时间——还有更有意义的事情可以做。根据句意可知,本句话是将别的事与每晚看电视相比较,并且为肯定之意,因此此处应用形容词的比较级形式。

4.A句意为:教育的目标在于教会年轻人去独立思考,而不是盲目地跟从别人。blindly 意为“盲目地”,符合语境。unwillingly意为“不乐意地”;closely意为“仔细地,密切地”;carefully 意为“仔细地”。

5.C句意为:谢谢你告诉我们怎么去这个房子;否则我们不会找到它的。otherwise意为“否则”,符合题意。故选C项。nowhere意为“无处”;however意为“然而”;instead意为“相反”,均与题意不符。

6. A句意为:如果我们马上走的话,我们很有希望能准时到达。hopefully意为“有希望地”,符合题意。curiously意为“好奇地”;occasionally意为“偶尔地”;gradually意为“逐渐地”,均不符合语意。

介词

In年in月in季节,on天on月on星期

At noon, at night, at 12:00, at the weekend

1.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.

A. by

B. in

C. for

D. Until

2. Our club is open to everyone ________ age, sex or educational background.

A. due to

B. except for

C. along with

D. regardless of

3. It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.

A. without

B. despite

C. in

D. to

4.While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________.

A. in return

B. in common

C. in turn

D. in place

5.Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library ________ a book about it.

A. on

B. at

C. for

D. To

6. This shop will be closed for repairs ________ further notice.

A. with

B. until

C. for

D. At

1. B分析题干可知,此处指的是火车将在半小时以后出发。in+一段时间表示“在(某段时间)之后”,故in符合语境。

2. D 句意为:我们的俱乐部对所有人开放,不论年龄、性别或教育背景。A项意为“由于,因为”;B项意为“除……以外”;C项意为“与……一起”;D项意为“不顾”。

3.B句意为:尽管Lucas先生很富有,但他却过着简朴的生活,这令人难以置信。despite 意为“尽管”,符合题意。故选B项。without意为“没有”;in意为“在……里”;to意为“向”,均与题意不符。

4.A句意为:在村子里生活期间,James非常无私地与村民们分享了他所有的一切,却不求任何回报。根据句意可知,空格处表示“作为回报”的含义,所以用in return。in common 意为“有共同点”;in turn意为“依次,轮流”;in place意为“准备就绪”,都与语境不符。

5.C句意为:在你参观一个名胜古迹之前,最好在你所在地的图书馆里找一本相关的图书先了解一下。look on看待;look at查看,检查;look for查找;look to注意,指望。根据句意可知,答案C正确。“in your local library”在句中作地点状语,不影响句子结构,做题时可不予考虑。

6. 句意为:这家商店要关门整修直到进一步通知。until意为“直到……”,符合句意。

it的用法

作形式主语。

It is not easy to finish the work in two days.

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.

作形式宾语。

I think it no use arguing with him.

I found it very interesting to study English.

He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.

用于强调结构。

It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night.

It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.

It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.

It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.

含有“It is …”的句型

(1)It is time (for sb.) to do sth.

It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气)

(2)It is + 形容词(+of / for sb.)+ to do sth.

通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。

(3)It is + 形容词+ that + sb. + (should) do sth.(虚拟语气)

能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如:

It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.

It is natural that he(should)say so.

(4)It is no use/ good + doing sth.

It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.

选择填空

1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A.There

B.This

C.That

D.It

2.Susan made ________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

A. that

B. this

C. it

D. Her

3.I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

A. it

B. you

C. one

D. this

4.No matter where he is, he makes ________ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.

A. him

B. this

C. that

D. It

5. New technologies have made ________ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

A. that

B. this

C. one

D. it

1. D。本题考查作形式主语的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语。为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构,将it置于句首作形式主语。

2.C这是一个宾语从句,make的宾语是that引导的句子,在本句中用it作形式宾语,代指that引导的句子。

3.A句意为:如果你能提前让我知道你是否要来我将感激不尽。此处是it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为if引导的从句。

4.D分析句子结构可知,所选词作使役动词make的形式宾语,真正的宾语是“to go for

a walk before breakfast”

5.D分析句子成分可知,空白处实际上是动词不定式作宾语,当把不定式放到后面时,要用it作形式宾语。

名词、冠词、代词的用法

定义:表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。 强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,动词用is或者was;不能根据some、any、a lot of等词来判断。 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”: ①.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ; 读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 ②.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ; ③“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ; “元音字母+y”结尾,直接加-s,如:boys,toys ④.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。 顺口溜:妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。 (贼的妻子一生用两把刀、三片叶杀死两只狼,一半放在架子上,自己吃面包loaf)wife(妻子),knife(刀子),wolf(狼)thief(小偷),shelf(架子),self(自己),life (生命)half(一半),leaf(树叶)。这9个名词变复数时,都要改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。 特殊情况是直接加-s的: 顺口溜:海湾边、屋顶上,首领农仆相望;谁说他们无信仰,语气定在手帕上。 gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief。这些词是直接加-s的。 ⑤.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况: 1)有生命的+es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes,tomato-tomatoes,hero-heroes, negro—negroes (袋鼠除外cangro-cangros) 顺口溜:两人两菜一火山(黑人英雄在火山上吃土豆,西红柿,芒果和河马) 2)无生命的+s 读音:[z] 如:zoo-zoos, radio-radios, photo-photos, piano-pianos, (袋鼠除外cangro-cangros)zero-zeros, bamboo(竹竿)-bamboos, tobacco(烟丝)-tobaccos 顺口溜:动物园里挂着一张照片,照片上是一片竹林前的钢琴上放着一台收音机 ⑥. 部分单词的单复数同形 顺口溜:中日警察来聚会,鹿、羊、鱼、牛把家回。(中日瑞不变,英法都要变,其他国人加S)(中国人,日本人赶着绵羊、梅花鹿去河边看鱼) 解释:Chinese,Japanese,police, deer, sheep, fish,cattle ,people, Swiss--Swiss Englishman--Englishmen, American—Americans,German--Germans. 除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。 如:one yuan,two yuan;a dollar, two dollars; ⑦. 不规则名词复数:(鹅身上的牙和脚复数oo变ee、) 顺口溜:男士女士a变e;鹅牙双脚o变e;孩子后面加ren;老鼠虱子爱公牛, mouse, louse和ox. 解释:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen。 goose- geese; tooth-teeth, foot-feet。child-children。mouse-mice, louse-lice,ox-oxen。 2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就用“量词+of”。 例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice,a bottle of,a pair of 3、复合名词的复数变化:(顺口溜:属性不变、性别变)解释:three apple trees;three men teachers

名词冠词数词代词介词

名词名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词,初中阶段常见的不可数名词有:water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点: 1)前无数、冠,后无复数;作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语 eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [B] A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数 A、不规则变化: man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化 1)s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 s eg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz] 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s] 5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz] 但注意以下几点: ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese ③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors ④ reef—reefs ⑤“某国人”的复数:中日不变英法变,其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy. 3、名词所有格:名词’s (意思是“……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格,一般在后加“’s”但注意: 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.

名词、冠词、代词知识点

名词 一、名词的复数: 1.名词变复数的规则形式 1).一般情况下直接加s book------books cup-----cups 2).以辅音字母+y结尾的,先变y为i再加es . city-------cities family-----families 3).以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es . bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------wathes 4).以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es . tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes 5).以f、fe 结尾的,先把f、fe变v 再加es leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的 man----men woman---women child----childre foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3.单数和复数形式相同。deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4.某国人的复数。 1). 中、日不变。Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变。Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3). 其余s加后面。American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词: 1.不可数名词:1).不能直接用数字表数量2).不能直接加a或an 3).没有复数形式 4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰5).可用“量词短语”表示 2.不可数名词的数量的表示方法:a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词 a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格: 1. ’s 所有格。 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时,这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom . 2). 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时,这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags . 3).以s结尾的名词,变所有格时在s后加“’”,不以s 结尾的复数名词,仍加“’s” Teachers’Day Children’s Day 4).表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,常在名词后加’s 代表全称。at the doctor’s at the Bob’s 5).由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时,所有格应加在else的后面。This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil . 6).表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格。 an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital 2.of 所有格: 1).of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格。the map of China the door of the room 2).双重所有格:of + 名词所有格of + 名词性的物住代词 He is a friend of my _________(brother ) . Is she a daughter of __________(you)? 四、名词作句子成分: 1.名词作主语

动词变名词和形容词变副词名词练习

巧记单词1:动词变名词work---___________(工作者)sing---___________(歌手)teach---___________(教 师)drive---___________(司机)write---___________(作家)dance---___________(舞蹈家) win---___________(获胜者)run---___________(赛跑者)swim---___________(游泳者) act---___________(男演员)act---__________(女演员)collect---___________(收藏 家)direct---___________(主管)visit---___________(参观者)invent---___________(发明 家)translate---___________(翻译家)educate---___________(教育)describe---___________(描 述)collect---___________(收藏)invent---___________(发明)build---___________(建筑物) mean---___________(意思)meet---___________(会议)cross---___________(路口) turn---___________(转弯处)decide---___________(决定)die---___________(死亡) fly---___________(飞行)know---___________(知识)please---___________(高兴) pronounce---___________(发音)mix---___________(混合物)predit---___________(预言) 形容事/物形容人 please---_____________(令人高兴的)---________________(感到高兴的) surprise---_____________(令人惊讶的的)---______________(感到惊讶的) excite---_____________(令人兴奋的)---_________________(感到兴奋的) interest---_____________(令人感兴趣的)---______________(感兴趣的) worry---_____________(令人担忧的)---__________________(感到担忧的) bore---_____________(令人无聊的、枯燥的)---________________(感到厌烦的) relax---_____________(令人轻松的)---___________________(感到轻松的) amaze,annoy,disappoint,embarrass,frustrate,relax,terrify,thrill,tire等 巧记单词2:形容词变副词、名词 A:形容词变副词并写出中文意思。 quick---____________()strong---____________()heavy---____________()angry---____________()happy---_ ___________()lucky---____________()healthy---____________()noisy---______________()usual---_______ _____()careful---_____________()real---____________()successful---____________()terrible---__________ __()possible---_______________() B:形容词变名词并写出中文意思。 kind---_______________()happy---_________________() ill---_________________()sad---_________________() confident---_______________()important---______________() different---________________()true---_________________() high---_________________()safe---_________________()

英语之中名词 代词 动词 形容词 冠词 数词 副词 介词 连词 感叹词

(一) 1、名词名词(Nouns)是词性的一种,也是实词的一种,是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。 2、代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。 3、动词,就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。基本上每个完整的子句都有一个动词,要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类。 4、形容词 形容词【adjective】很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征 5、冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前,对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志,它不能离开名词而独立存在。冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a,an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种 6、数词表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。 7、副词(Adverb)副词的定义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。

8、介词的定义和特征介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。 (二) 1、名词,人或事物的名称 3、代词,代替名词或者数词(比如some就是代替数目) 3、动词,动作或状态 4、数词,表示数目或顺序(比如序数词,5th就是表示顺序) 5、形容词,人或事物的性质或状态(因为形容词一般修饰名词) 6、副词,动作的特征或性状特征(因为副词一般修饰动词或形容词) 7、冠词,表示名词的泛指或特指 8、介词,表示名词或代词与其他词的关系(因为介词后面一半紧跟 名词,代词或其他名词性结构) 9、连词,连接词与词,短语与短语,句子与句子 10、感叹词,表示说话时的感情或语气

初一冠词、名词和代词专项练习题

七年级冠词、名词和代词专项练习题 一.写出下列单词的复数形式: action movie life knife fry leaf photo r adio piano zoo tomato potato bus watch box book map cat film door month horse picture class boy tooth woman eye tooth German Chinese man football child classroom monkey tree egg coat Frenchman is this that 二.将下列词组译成汉语: [1]三杯牛奶[2] 一袋大米[3]三篮子苹果 [4]一碗面条[5]四盒子书[6]七本英语书 [7]五袋子大米[8]三杯橘汁 [9]八条新闻10]一箱香蕉 三.用a\an填空: apple pear banana ship boat student teacher hour sheep orange tree tree orange pencil 四选择填空: [1]. They are________ A:man doctor B:men doctors C:men doctor D:man doctor s [2] There are five_____ in the hill. A:sheep B:sheeps C: goose D:deers [3] Those white socks____small. A:are B:is C: am D:do [4] We have many_____in our school. A:woman teacher B:women teachers C: woman teachers D:women teacher [5] Do you like _____? A:vegetable B: vegetables C:an vegetable [6] How many_____do they have? A:picture B: pictures C:a picture [7] There are six ____in the room. A:volleyball B:volleyballs C:a volleyball D:volleyballs [8] Are these ____teachers? A:woman B:women C:womans [9] It is ____. A:milk B:a milk C:an milk D:milks [10] It’s a ____.It isn’t an ____. A、apple, egg B、cake,egg C、egg,orange, D,e gg,cake

英语形容词-名词-动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词-名词-动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词,名词,动词,副词互变方法规律 一.名词变形容词: 1.名词后加-y, 如: luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain→rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy 2.在名词后加-ly, 如: friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily 3.方位名词加-ern,如: east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern 二.动词变形容词 1.词尾加ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful, thank - thankful peace - peaceful,

forget - forgetful, play - playful, succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.词尾加d或ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed, wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.词尾加ing:

冠词-名词-代词

冠词有两种,一是不定冠词a/an,另外一种是定冠词the 一、不定冠词及其用法 二、定冠词的用法 1. 一般来说,普通名词有特指和泛指,如果特指,就要加定冠词;如果泛指,可数名词前加不定冠词,或用其复数形式 2. 定冠词the主要和名词连用,表示某些特定的人或事物 3. 由of引起的限定性短语(作定语)所修饰的词前加the 4. 表示身体的某一部位,用the代替物主代词my, our, your, his, her等 5. 表示江河海洋,海峡海湾,山脉和群岛及有些湖泊之前用the 6. 定冠词the加姓氏的复数,表示某某一家人,如果做主语,谓语动词要用复数 7. 当一个抽象名词,不表示一般的概念而是表示某一特定的内容时加定冠词the 8. 由普通名词和一些其他词构成的专有名词前加the: the People's Republic of China 三、同步练习 1. ____rose is____beautiful flower. 2. Mr. Smith always smokes____cigarette with ____cup of coffee. 3.____door of____garage is broken. 4.____donkeys are ____ stupid animals. 5.____bread is made from ____ flour,and ____flour is made from ____wheat. 6. She is ____good musician;she plays ____piano beautifully. 7. Thousands of ____visitors go to ____Great Wall every ____day. 8. When he was enghteen,he joined ____navy. 9. He sent me ____letter and ____postcard;____letter didn't arrive. 10. Li is not at ____office;I think he's gone____home. 11. Is there ____telephone here? 12. She is studying ____English and ____French. 13. I bought ____pen and some paper,but I left____pen in ____shop. 14. ____machine is made of ____steel and ____copper. 15. ____honesty is ____best policy. 16. ____coal is 60 dollars ____ton at the moment. 17. I stay at ____home last night and listened to ____radio. 18. We went to Paris and saw ____Palace of Versailles. 19. He goes back to ____ country to see his people once ____year. 20. ____Liu's are going to ____cinema. 语法系列复习专题-----名词 1. 名词的分类 专有名词:指某人,某地,某机构等专有的名称,其首字母要大写。如HongKong, China, Bill Clinton, Red Cross 个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如student, book 可数名词 集体名词:表示若干个体组成的集合体,如:family, school, group, people 不可数名词 物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:cotton, air, tea 抽象名词:表示抽象概念,work,happiness, news

高考题名词代词 冠词介词集锦

1.(2010全国卷一) I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and _____ half learning drawing. A another B the other C other’s D other 2. (2010北京卷) Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are ____ everyone’s enjoyment. A in B at C for D to 3. (2010北京卷) First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ____ second chance to make _____ first impression. A a ; the B the ;the C a ; a D the ; a 4. (2010 重庆卷) The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money ____ me. A by B for C in D with 5. (2010 重庆卷) He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _____ of them again. A neither B either C each D all 6. (2010 重庆卷) Everything comes with _____ price; there is no such ____ thing as a free lunch in the world. A a, a B the , / C the , a D a , / 7. (2010 湖北卷) This restaurant has become popular for its wide _____ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A division B area C range D circle 8. (2010 湖北卷) After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide _____ for the homeless families. A accommodation B occupation C equipment D furniture 9. (2010 湖北卷) It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them. A in preference to B in place of C in agreement with D in exchange for 10. (2010 天津卷) He telephones the travel agency to ____ three air tickets to London. A order B arrange C take D book 11. (2010 天津卷) James took the magazines off the little table to make _____ for the television. A room B area C field D position 12. (2010 天津卷) ______ in my life impressed my so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A Anything B Nothing C Everything D Something 13. (2010 天津卷) My father warned me _____ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. A by B on C for D against 14. (2010 四川卷) In ____ most countries, a university degree can give you ______ flying start in life. A the; a B the; 不填 C 不填; 不填 D 不填; a 15. (2010 四川卷) On my desk is a photo that my father took of _____ when I was a baby. A him B his C me D mine 16. (2010 山东卷) If we sit near _____ front of the bus, we’ll have _____ better view. A / ; the B / ; a C the ; a D the ; the 17 . (2010 山东卷) Those who suffer from headache will find they get _____ from this medicine.

冠词名词。代词形容词副词、介词的知识点

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