英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)

第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)

第四章动词的翻译 (11)

第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)

第六章成语的英译 (13)

第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)

笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)

第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)

第十章换序和转态译法 (23)

笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)

笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)

第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)

第十五章风格与翻译 (30)

第十六章语用与翻译 (32)

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译

第一节翻译中的选义

一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文

1. b

2. a

3. b

4. a

二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配

1． a swarm of bees

a brood of chickens

a litter of pups

2. a bevy of beautiful ladies

a pack of hounds

a team of ducks

a herd of antelopes

3. unfailing support

proactive fiscal policy

make effective use of overseas resources

4. make a phone call

take a taxi

knit a woolen sweater

fetch water

play basketball

spray insecticide

5. basic wage

capital construction

essential commodity

primary industry

fundamental interest

三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解

1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern

2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.

3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.

4. Everyone complained against such a practice.

5. They had a dispute at the meeting.

6. You should follow the doctor's advice.

7. They reached a consensus on this issue.

8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.

9. We have consulted him about the matter.

10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now

第二节翻译中的选词

一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。

1. That depends upon circumstances.

2. This state of affairs must be changed.

3. How do matters stand with them?

4. He presents all his books to the library

5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.

6. The committee consists of 15 members.

7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.

8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict3?mand.

二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。

1．set sail

2. open quotation

3. the beginning of spring

4. go into operation

5．be taken in

6. make progress

7. distinguished guests

8. be on duty

三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。

1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).

2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .

3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).

4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.

5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.

6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).

第三节翻译中的多样性

一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。

1."It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,‖ Second Sister chuckled, "How would

it be if we were to betroth you to him?"

2. Through clenched teeth he added, ...

3. "She bore me no grudge," replied Xifeng. "It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth with

rage just before she died. "

4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. "If she's dead," she retorted, "What's

all the fuss about?"

二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。

1. The more you get, the more you want.

2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.

3. Goodness knows what they're being so secretive about.

4. She's been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knows

what she's up to.

5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?

6. Anything will do; don't fuss.

7. Our grandma is ill; don't kick up such a shindy.(口语：吵架。争吵，打架)

8. When others heard this they commented, ―We thought it was someone who mattered isn't worth making such a fuss about.‖

第二章词法翻译的一般技巧

第一节对等译法

一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的―假朋友‖

1. a faithful Christian

2. a loving parent

3. an obedient child

4. a virtuous wife

5. a dutiful husband

6. a hardworking student

7. strong wind 8. thick fog

9 heavy rain

二、翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的―假朋友‖。

1. Only when they find much n common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. (注意不要把―投机‖翻译成speculative)

2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.

3. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.

三、用对等译法，翻译下列成语。

1. fish in troubled waters

2. be after one's own heart

3. skin and bones

4. touch and go

5. hit the nail on the head

6. be head and shoulders above others

7. turn a deaf ear to

8. burn one's boat

9. turn a blind eye to

10. look for a needle in a bundle of hay

四、用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。

1. Practice makes perfect.

2. More haste, less speed.

3. East or west, home is best.

4. All is fish that comes to the net.

5. Everything comes to him who waits

6. The moon is not seen when the sun shines

7. Look before you leap.

8. There is no smoke without fire.

第二节增词译法

一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词

1. Even a child can answer this question.

2. This is the head of our delegation

3. He put the paper aside and turned on the radio.

4. The Chinese people are industrious and brave.

5. We must have faith in the masses.

6. The compass was invented in China

7. The moon moves around the earth.

二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。

1. Hand in your exercise-books, please.

2. I can't express myself in English.

3. Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.

4. Don't overwork yourself.

5. I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to express our gratitude to you.

三、翻译下列句子，注意增补动词。

1. They are in high spirits.

2. They beamed with joy.

3. He is quick of eye and deft of hand.

4. This article is easy to read and understand

5. I stood aloof from him.

四、翻译下列句子，注意增补介词。

l. The book is very popular among young people.

2. She inquired about your illness.

3. The mountain is l,000 feet above the sea level.

4. Shut the door after/when you go out.

5. Dinner was at one o'clock.

6. We rejoice at every victory you win.

五、翻译下列句子，注意增补连词。

1. Promote physical culture and build up the people's health

2. Men and women, old and young, all joined in the battle.

3. We worked neither for fame nor for personal gain.

4. We should strike while the iron is hot.

5. I shall stay here until I've completed my studies.

六、翻译下列句子或短语，从文化角度增补词语。

1. You might have the genius of Li Bai or Du Fu, who was a great poet in the Tang

Dynasty and the moral worth of Yan Hui or Zeng Shen—both of them were disciples of Confucius no one would ask your advice.

2. to show off one's proficiency with the ax before Lu Ban the master carpenter

3. Jigong, Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich and helped the poor.

4. let a hundred flowers bloom, permit the airing of conflicting views

5. black children, who are born in violation of China's one-child policy

第三节减词译法

一、翻译下列句子注意省略原文的范畴词。

1. Reform and opening-up reversed the stagnation of national economy

2. His rudeness shocked me.

3. He has undertaken/taken up the translation of Lu Xun's works.

4. The export is not permitted to exceed its limit.

5. The discussion covers Sino-US relations.

6. In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China.

7. His arrogance made everyone dislike him.

8. Now birth control became a possibility.

9. China is carrying out nationwide pollution control and environmental protection.

10. During the talk, their discussion centered around the protection of intellectual properties rights.

11. promote peaceful reunification

12. Our import-export in the first half of this year has gone very well.

二、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文的重复成分。

1. The two sides held that Sino-US relations should be viewed in a global context and from a

perspective of the future and the 21st century in particular.

2. When problems emerge, they can be easily put right.

3. distance/length/size/height

4. Increase the awareness about self-reliance, competition, efficiency, and democracy and the

rule of law, as well as the pioneering and innovation spirit.

5. Silence! Silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.

6. Productive forces are the most dynamic and the most revolutionary factors as well as the

ultimate decisive force of social development.

7. Our party must always represent the development trend of China's advanced productive

forces; the orientation of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the

overwhelming majority of people in China.

三、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的词语。

1. I went there to have a look. All I remember now is that the guards at the entrance were Swiss

soldiers in yellow uniforms.

2. We need to import advanced industrial equipment.

3. Past experiences teach us….

4. That is a facade.

5. We must adhere to the principle of plain living and hard struggle.

6. We must carry forward and promote the spirit of practicality, truth-seeking and courage in

innovation.

7. This shattered his illusion.

8. We demand that US government apologize to China for this incident.

9. Encourage both Chinese and overseas investments in the central and western regions.

第四节合并译法

一、运用合并译法，翻译下列四字成语或词组。

1. fine words

2. glib tongue

3. exhausted

4. stumbling

5. move forces

6. burn one's boat

二.合并译法,翻译下列句子。

1. We must have this ambition.

2. I got into my old rags and my sugar-hogshead again, and was free and satisfied.

3. Each of the five performances enjoyed a full house, with many spectators having to stand.

4. He is determined to turn over a new leaf.

5. He worked hard at his studies even in early childhood.

6. The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood.

7. All the staff unite in absolute sincerity.

8. Before you came, I did nothing but idle and drift into anything that offered itself.

9. He sought the distraction of distance.

第五节转性译法

一、翻译下列句子，注意汉语形容词和剐词的转译。

1. There is no difference in their views.

2. We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.

3. The delegates unanimously expressed their determination to oppose the nuclear weapons

4. His new book is a great success.

5. He looked at me in amazement.

6. The sun shines over the earth.

7. The news quickly spread throughout the world.

8. Her voice rings through the house.

9. This area is densely populated.

10. Our government shows great concern for the Chinese students abroad.

11. They give this famous writer a warm welcome.

12. She acted as a reluctant tourist guide.

13. She has a strong desire to see him.

14. I will give an immediate reply.

15. Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.

三、翻译下列句子，注意其中名词的转译情况。

1. Oxygen is one of the important elements in the physical world; it is very active chemically.

2. This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind.

3. The earth is shaped like a big ball.

4. He aims to be a successful writer.

5. This coffee tastes of chocolate.

6. All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically.

7. The magnificent Great Hall of the People impressed us tremendously.

8. We can house you if the hotels are full.

9. Ignorance and negligence has caused this mistake.

10. Olive branch symbolizes peace.

11. We should respect the old and love the young.

第六节换形译法

一、翻译下列句子，注意名词性替代。

1. A: Can I have a cup of black coffee with sugar, p/ease? B: Give me the same, please.

2. When the clock struck three, Elizabeth felt that she must go; and very unwillingly she said so.

3. A: Would you like this teapot? B: No, I want a square one.

4 This represented a great shift from the centuries-long history of reclaiming farmland from lakes to restoring it to them on a large scale.

5. This is the key workshop in our factory. Here we have comparatively complete equipment.

Cooling-fan installations, heating devices and communications facilities are also equipped over

those machineries.

三，翻译下面的句子，注意运用动词性替代。

l. I do not know any more than you do. (do= know)

2. He did not often grumble, and when he did, no one paid much attention to him. (did= grumble)

3. He rose early, as he had always done. (had…done= had…risen early)

4. Although most of the people bowed to him, they spat into the dirt as they did so.

5. Peter is joining our group. I’m not sure whether David will do so or not.

6. I promised to get a ticket for him and I will do so.

7. They say that the Prime Minster will soon dissolve Parliament and call for new

elections. I doubt very much if he will do so!

8. Are you busy this afternoon? If not,1 hope you would stay with me for a while.

笫七节褒贬译法

一、给出下列词语的褒义词、贬义词和中性词形式。

二、将下列句子译成英语，注意画线词语的褒贬。

1. He is always hankering after personal fame and gains

2. She is fond of figure skating.

3. He is in the fur trade.

4. You are peddling national nihilism.

5. He collaborated with the invaders and betrayed his motherland.

6. We should enhance our mutual cooperation.

7. He is deeply engrossed in medical research.

8. That chap is infatuated with fame and fortune.

9. It shall be strictly prohibited that more forests and pastures be turned onto farmland

10. China's economy is a major question.

11. The stubborn boy refused to listen to his parent's advice.

12. He accomplished the work with stubborn effort.

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法

第一节名词的抽象译法

一、翻译下列词语。

1. clean hands

2. six of one and half a dozen of the other

3. a drop in the ocean

4. castle in the air

5. far-sightedness

6. a gentleman's agreement

7. rain cats and dogs

8. as poor as a church mouse

9. touchstone

10. butter sb. Up

二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分名词的抽象译法。

1. With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humor, we were sorely perplexed.

2. No news is good news.

3. Their optimism moved us greatly.

4. At present, the business in our company is turning for the better.

5. Their enthusiasm is being constantly heightened by China's socialist industrialization and its achievement.

6. Now birth control has become a possibility.

7. They admitted the greatness of Milton as a poet, but denied his goodness as a man.

8. I am sorry for the rudeness of his behavior toward you.

9. We should dare to combat indiscipline and inefficiency.

10. During the talks, their discussion has been centered on protection of intellectual property rights.

笫二节名词的具体译法

一、运用具体译法翻译下列词语和句子。

1．as tall as Maypole

2. a piece of cake

3. a capital knife and fork

4. bread and butter

5．bread and cheese

6. The proof of the pudding is in the eating

7. He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.

二、翻译下列词语或句子，注意象声词的具体译法。

1. the clicker-clack of the leather shoes

2. the clangor of the gong

3. the tick-tack of the watch

4. the rumbling (rolling) of the thunder

5. the squeaking of the radio

6. the thumping of the bus

7. the clatter of mahjong

8. the jingle of the door bell

9. The bird-song and the babbling of the streams danced lightly in the spring breeze.

10. All was quiet in and out of the house except for some people snoring, the horses chewing mash, and the geese cackling at intervals.

第四章动词的翻译

第一节动态动词的静态译法

翻译下列句子，注意汉语句子中动态动词的灵活转换。

1. I would very much appreciate it if you could take our suggestion into consideration.

2. One can never be too careful in the choice of one's friends.

3. But after much hesitation, he finally decided to see me off himself.

4. I am anxious about her health.

5. I took my child to the street for a walk.

6. They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.

7. We are all in favor of his suggestion.

8. Although the report is very long, it is beside the point and beyond my comprehension.

9. Please let me through.

10. The wind blew the candle out.

11. At the thought of the disaster his legs stiffened under him and he couldn't move a step further

12. We know that the mastery of a foreign language is not easy.

13. I have been waiting here in obedience to your order.

14. What are they after? They are after fame, after position and they want to cut smart figures.

15. Out of position, out of administration.

16. He went to the shop for a bottle of sauce.

17. Her beauty is beyond word.

18. A bridge has been under construction, which will span the Hangzhou Bay.

第二节静态动词的动态译法

翻译下列汉语句子，注意动态译法的运用。

1. These tapes are no longer usable, so they are completely disposable

2. We are happy with her selection as Miss Asia.

3. I am afraid your suggestion is not workable at all.

4. I am aging and forgetful now.

5. She is very hesitant about whether to reveal the truth to the public.

6. I am really very regretful now. I shouldn't have been so rude to her.

7. He is very sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars entirely.

8. The arts and crafts there are complete in range, reasonable in price and reliable in quality.

9. She is tolerant of my mistake, which deeply moves me.

10. The knock on the door made me wide awake.

第五章数词和冠词的翻译

第一节数词的翻译

一、翻译下列句子或词语，采用数字的直译法。

1. one central task and two basic points

2. the four cardinal principles

3. the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence

4. Both of them have ten apples

5. A bird in the hand is better than a hundred in the wood.

二、翻译下列句子，采用数词的意译法。

1. I have studied human nature and I know a thing or two.

2. You should not have said anything about the matter.

3. She talks shop all the time.

4. You must seize this opportunity. It is a chance of lifetime.

5. Don't be wavering. Go right ahead.

6. big and tall

7. do something regardless of the consequences

8. restless

9. a very ugly person

10. on cloud nine

三、翻译下列句子, 注意其中数字的灵活处理。.

1. Seeing is believing.

2. six of one and half a dozen of the other

3. at sixes and sevens

4. thousands upon thousands of

5. I took the news with a grain of salt.

6. a drop in the bucket

7. New brooms sweep clean.

8. One touch of nature makes the whole world akin.

9. It takes two to make a quarrel.

10. to put all one's eggs in one bucket

11. to hang by a thread

12. A fool's bolt may sometimes hit the mark.

13. Over shoes, over boots.

14. Two heads are better than one.

15. A hundred years cannot repair a moment's loss of honor.

第二节活用英语冠词

一、翻译下列句子，注意不定冠词的使用。

1. We find our folding table a great convenience

2. A watchdog is a security against burglars.

3. David is a failure as a coach.

4. His skill at games made him an admiration of his friends.

5. Photography is an art.

6. He was famed as a wit, but he had no wit now.

7. You saw hardly a soul between the villages.

8. He became a legend in his own time.

9. This article was an analysis of various forms of governments known to men

10. I have an esteem for him.

11. The major had a sincere liking and regard for his sister-in-law.

二、翻译下列句子，注意定冠词的使用。

1．The ups and downs of his life made him prop out.

2. The song is pleasant to the ear.

3. He幻ok the chair at last meeting.

4．Ⅱalways feel the injustice towards women.

5. Did he have the cheek to ask for more money?

6. She made the poetry of motion.

7. The lion is the king of animals.

8. Being on the outs with a classmate is very upsetting.

9. Under the circumstances the people were of a mind once more.

10. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

三、翻译下列句子，注意零冠词的使用。

1. He is covered with snow from head to foot.

2. Milk is made into butter and cheese.

3. Knowledge is always expanding.

4. Plants made food in their leaves using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide.

5.Ⅱhad bread and butter for breakfast.

第六章成语的英译

第一节汉语成语英译

一、试用直译法翻译下列汉语成语。

1. shout in the east and strike in the west

2. be engraved on one's heart and bones

3. be like a dog counting on its master's backing

4. summon wind and rain

5. be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted

6. fail to mend one's ways after repeated admonition

7. feel just like a fish in water

8. every bush and tree looks like an enemy

9. be pure like jade and clear like ice

10. call a stag a horse

二、试用意译法翻译下列汉语成语。

1. be very modest and extremely open-minded

2. with might redoubled

3. be cold in manner

4. heated verbal exchange or debate

5. be hopeless like a rat in a hole

6. illusory joy; fond dream

7. keep quiet out of fear

8. the two had been engaged to each other before they were born

9. extremely suspicious

10. leave one's native place against one's will

三、试用对等译法翻译下列汉语成语。

1．sail with the wind

2 birds of a feather

3. at sixes and sevens

4. hit the ceiling

5. neither fish, flesh nor fowl

6. at the end of one's rope

7, make one's hair stand on end

9. put the cart before the horse

9. dance to another tune

10. paint the lily

四、试把下面历史故事类成语译咸英语。

1. return something to its owner in good condition

2. repeatedly request somebody to take up a responsible post

3. offer a humble apology

4. be an armchair strategist

5. deliberately misrepresent

6. be exceedingly beautiful

7. able men tied down to a routine post

8. add the touch that brings a work of art to life

9. overwhelming popularity of a new book

10. with bitter incisiveness

五、试把下面寓言故事类成语译咸英语。

1. pull up the rice shoots with the intention of helping them to grow

2. lock the stable door after the horse has bolted

3. look at the sky from the bottom of a well

4. plug one's ears while stealing a bell

5. kill the chicken to frighten the monkey

6. bully people by flaunting one's powerful connections

7. be stubbornly unimaginative

8. professed love of what one actually fears

9. trust to chance and windfalls

10. feed on illusions

第二节翻译中英语成语的使用

试用英语成语来翻译以下的汉语词组。

1．sell like hot cakes

2．cut corners

3．be born in the purple

4．sell sb. down the river

5．poor tool

6．think on one's feet

7．get off one's high horse; pocket one's dignity

8．breathe again; breathe easily

9．with one's heart in one's mouth/boots

10．(as) fit as a fiddle; in the pink (of condition)

11．much cry and little wool

12．be down and out; down at heels; come down in the world

13．put oneself in sb.’s shoes

14．kick sb. Downstairs

15．take the wind out of sb. 's sails

16．have no use for

17．read between the lines

18．go for wool and come home shorn

19．throw / fling oneself into

20．talk big

21．shift/change one's ground; turn one's coat

22．mend one's ways ; turn over a new leaf

23．with the tongue in the cheek

24．put the lid on

25．stand on ceremony

26．zero hour

27．have one's nose in a book

28．send sb. packing; show sb. the door

29．turn the tide

30．make head or tail of; to button down

.

笫三节汉语谚语的翻译

一、试把下列汉语谚语翻译成英语。

1. One tree does not make a forest.

2 Obedience is better than politeness.

3. It is better to see once than to hear a hundred times.

4. Why make unnecessarily great efforts to do trivial things as using a butcher's ox-cleaver to kill

a chicken?

5. Even the wise are not always free from error.

6. He who is not in a particular office has nothing to do with plans for administration

of its duties. 7. A minimal error or deviation results in wide divergence.

8. As virtue rises one foot, vice rises ten.

9. A just cause enjoys abundant support.

10. An artisan must first sharpen his tools if he is to do his work well.

二、试用英语谚语套译下列汉语谚语。

1. Time and tide waits for no man.

2. The least said, the soonest mended.

3. Constant dropping wears away a stone.

4. When the cat is away, the mice will play.

5. He that lives with cripples learns to limp.

6. The mills of God grind slowly but sure.

7. A word spoken is past recalling.

8. Constant dropping wears away a stone.

9. Where there is a will, there is a way.

10. They must hunger in frost that will not work in heat

第四节汉语惯用语的翻译

一、试把下列汉语惯用语翻译成英语

1. overcharge; fleece; soak

2. latch on to the rich and powerful

3. get rid of the whole lot

4. work hand in glove with

5．put on rival show

二、试把下列汉语惯用语用英语成语来套译。

1．give the green light

2. pour cold water on

3. sing a different tune

4. rack one's brains

5. touchstone

.

笫五节汉语歇后语的翻译

一、试把下列汉语歇后语用直译法翻译成英语。

1. have a nightmare at midnight-have a false alarm

2. like a moth flying towards the fire - look for self-destruction

3. like a dog trying to catch a rat-be very nosy

4. like a deaf man's ears-pure useless decorations

5. like a grasshopper fighting against a rooster-do things beyond one's abilities

二、试把下列汉语歇后语用意译法翻译成英语。

1. be useless

2. be a fool

3. be careful

4. be absolutely lawless

5. do things according to the routine

第六节粗俗语的解释

试把下列汉语粗俗语翻译成英语。

1．You make me sick!

2. Get lost.

3．You piss me off．

4. It’s none of your business.

5．You stupid jerk!

6. You are out of your mind

7．Drop dead.

8. Don't give me your shit!

9．What a stupid idiot!

10. You're such a bitch!.

第七章修辞格的翻译

第一节可以直译的修辞格

试用直译法翻译下列句子。

1. The yellowy brown leaf is like a boat carrying dreams.

2. Spare moments are the gold dust of time.

3. The blushing rose nodded to her, as she passed.

4. I was scared to death when listening to that ghost story.

5. He has many mouths to feed in his family.

6. According to some sources, financiers are keeping a cool eye on the superconductor industry.

7. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.

8. Our silk blouses are made of pure silk of best quality. They are moderate in price, excellent in

craftsmanship and unique in designs.

9. "When did he say this?"

"At the playground. And walking home. Yesterday. "

10. His daughter is rather weak in the head.

11. I will feel better if you felt the pain I feel. But who ever felt as I did?

12. Our heroic fighters stormed the enemy's stronghold.

13. Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream.

14. Her beauty is beyond comparison.

15. I do not have to worry about the fuel and rice.

16. Brutal plan cuts off researchers in their rime.

17. It enjoys a temperate climate with well-marked seasons and has plenty of rainfall and sunshine favorable for growing crops.

笫二节意译为主的修辞格

试用意译的翻译方法，翻译下列句子。

1. Grandma could always see a few bees buzzing in and out around the opening high in the tree.

2．I am hungry - my stomach's rumbling.

3. The flowers shed tears for the troubled times, and the birds seem startled as if with the anguish of separation.

4. He gave his life; life was all he could give.

5. Two orioles sit in the green willows singing; See egrets in flight to the blue sky are wing!

6. "Only I feel bad when we lose every fight. "

7. All of his purchases of recent years had to be liquidated at a great sacrifice both to his health and his pocketbook.

8. Beijing is the heart of our country in politics, economy and culture.

9. What they need now is a large quantity of Z-iron.

10. Xiaoming is determined to study hard, for the sake of his teacher as well as for his own.

11. Carrying a package in his right hand, he led along in his left hand a 7-year-old child, who took his brother (9-year-old) , and who again took his mother by hand. 12. I used to organize my father's tools, my mother's kitchen utensils, and my sister's boyfriend.

13. We should listen with open ears to the sound of wind and rain and the reading voice as well; we must not only concern ourselves with personal affairs but the affair of the state and the world.

第三节无法翻译的修辞格

翻译下列句子。

1. Later Mr. Cha Buduo served as an assistant at a money shop. He could write and calculate all right, but his mathematics was often faulty. He would mistake the Chinese character+ (meaning

10) for千(meaning l,000) or vice verse. The shop owner was infuriated and often took him to

task. But he would only explain apologetically with a grin, "The character千differs from十in

merely having one additional short stroke. Aren't they about the same?"

2. The Spring Festival, the Chinese Lunar New Year, is celebrated according to the lunar calendar,

and generally occurs some time in the first half of February. Customarily, lavishly consuming food

and drink is a major activity. In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, regional

consumption of traditional favorites, for example, jiaozi (boiled dumplings) in Beijing, babaofan

(a steamed sweet glutinous rice pudding) in Shanghai, and the soup of small rice-balls(cooked with pork and chicken) in Guangzhou. Throughout China niangao

(literally meaning the "year cake", a thick steamed pudding of glutinous rice flour) is made in a great variety of shapes and flavors. The character "gao" in the word niangao is homonymous with the word "tall", suggesting

"growing up and prospering" in the new year.

3. The word crisis in Chinese is one with two characters, wei and ji, meaning respectively danger and opportunity. Thus, weiji entails opportunities.

4. My position in the company doesn't permit me to make a decision individually.

5. My appearance is too much of Chinese.

笫八章文化词语的翻译

第一节文化色彩的再现

一、翻译下列词语，注意汉英文化形象的不同。

1. the iron rice-bowl

2. half the sky

3. instant rich

4. paper tiger

5. wash one’s hands out of a thing

6. contact lenses

7. pop-top; pull-top

8. honor roll

9. monoply

10. high season / low lesson

二、用本节所讲的翻译技巧，翻译下列句子。

1. They are packed like a tin of sardines.

2. We looked at his face and we realized a thunderstorm was about to come.

3. What a dull speech! He is merely parroting what many others have said.

4. When Joan graduated from high school, she looked at the world through rose-colored glasses

5. Sam is a beanpole, tall and thin.

6. I look down upon him, for he is such an apple polisher.

第二节文化色彩的转变

一、用转换形象法，翻译下列成语或词语。

1. to meet one's Waterloo

2. Watergate scandal

3．Lame duck

4. One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.

5. Kill the goose to get the eggs.

6. A live dog is better than a dead lion.

二、用本节所讲的翻译技巧翻译下列句子。

1. A new broom sweeps clean. The new presidium and the gurus of each department summarized

the previous work and gave the programming of the department system.

2. ―Old bastard, poking your nose into things that don't concern you! Who wants your opinion?"

3. What has been done cannot be undone, butⅡstill say they were too young to get married.

4. The lovely only daughter is the apple of the old couple's eye.

5. Doing such kind of thing is as easy as ABC to him.

第三节文化色彩的消失

一、翻译下面的句子。

l, In the emergency, they bet their bottom dollar, thus laying the foundation for the ultimate victory.

2. When we pass from the old society to the new, each of us shows his true worth.

3. I’ve been slaving all these years just to make money for them.

4. She is afraid of being snubbed, so she swallowed the words that came to her lips.

5. He started everything on a fast track after his graduation.

6. Mr. Huang was old. People addressed him as "Respected Mr. Huang".

二、将下面的短文译成英语。

The White Snake, one of the most popular traditional Beijing Operas, is based on a story handed down from the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). White Snake Spirit and Green Snake Spirit metamorphosed themselves into two beautiful girls and ventured into human world. White Snake fell in love with a young scholar and gave birth to a son. Fahai, a Buddhist monk, regarded their union as a violation of the conventions regarding marriage and an example of moral degeneration.

Much enraged, he sent officers and soldiers from the heaven, who captured White Snake, and using magical powers he himself incarcerated her underneath a pagoda. For many years afterwards, Green Snake hid herself in deep mountains and gave herself rigorous spiritual and martial arts training. In the end she succeeded in toppling the pagoda and rescued her mistress. Now White Snake was reunited with her husband and son. The Snake in the opera is endowed with the noble character of human nature.

第九章汉英句子比较与翻译

第一节意合与形合

将下列句子译成英语，注意汉语意合是如何转化成英语形合的。

1. Let everybody share the food if there is any.