牛津英语上海版高一第一学期期末笔记整理

Unit 1 Reading

1dress n. / v.

给某人、自己穿衣服(vt.)

dress sb / oneself

穿着…的衣服(vt. phr.)be dressed in…

穿着红色的衣服(vt. phr.)

be dressed in red

穿着考究(vi.)dress well

2glance n. / vi.

朝…撇一眼、瞄一眼(vt. phr.)

glance at sth = take / have a glance at sth

盯着…看(vt. phr.)stare at sth

瞪着眼睛看，怒视(vt. phr.)glare at sth 3senior adj. / n.

在…方面比…高级、级别高、年长

be senior to sb at / in sth

4sigh n. / v.

叹口气(n.)take a sigh

深深地叹口气(vt.)sigh a deep sigh

5prefer vt. preference n.

更愿意某物prefer sth

宁愿做某事prefer to do sth

比起B来更喜欢Aprefer A to B

比起做B来更喜欢做A

prefer doing A to doing B

宁愿做A而不愿意做B

prefer to do A rather than do B

6communicate v.

communication n.

与某人交流(vi.)communicate with sb

告知某人某事、向某人传达某事(vt.)

communicate sth to sb

7express vt. expression n.

向某人表达某事express sth to sb

向某人解释某事explain sth to sb

向某人汇报某事report sth to sb

向某人抱怨某事

complain about sth to sb

8impress vt. impression n.

某事给某人留下深刻印象

sth impress sb

某人用…给某人留下深刻印象

sb impress sb with sth

给某人留下深刻印象的是…

What impressed sb (most) was…

让某人铭记某事，让某人明白某事的重

要性

impress sth on sb

9impression n.

某事、某人给某人留下好的、深刻的印

象

sth / sb make / leave a good / deep

impression on sb = sth / sb give sb a good

/ deep impression

10assist vt. assistant / assistance n.

帮助某人某事

assist sb with sth = help sb with sth

帮助某人做某事

assist sb to do sth = help sb (to) do sth

11hesitate vi. hesitation n.

毫不犹豫做某事not hesitate to do sth

毫不犹豫地without hesitation

12remark n. / vt.

某人表达…

sb remark + that从句= sb remark, “…”

对某事作出评价

remark on sth = comment on sth

13remind vt. reminder n.

提醒某人某事remind sb of sth

提醒某人做某事remind sb to do sth

提醒某人…remind sb + that 从句

14welcome n. / adj. / vt. (welcome, welcome) / interj.

欢迎某人到某地(v.)welcome sb to sp

某人、某物受欢迎的(adj.)

sb / sth be welcome

欢迎回家、回来(v.)

welcome home / back

受到热烈的欢迎(n.)

get a warm welcome

15chance n.

有机会做某事

have / get a chance to do sth

碰巧by chance / accident

有可能…

(The) Chances are that… = It is possible 16more than

①超过②非常③不仅仅

17way n.

…的方式/ 样子

the way + (in which / that) + 定语从句

顺便说一下by the way

挡道in the way

临近

on the way = around the corner

在去…的路上

on the / one’s way to sp

18improve v. improvement n.

取得很大的进步(n.)

make great progress = make great

improvements = make great advances

19sit v. (sat, sat)

熬夜(vi. phr.)sit up = stay up

坐起来(vi. phr.)sit up

参加考试(vt.)sit an exam

20hold v. (held, held)

手里抱着孩子(vt.)

hold a baby in one’s arms

持有…的观点(vt.)

hold the view / opinion that…

昂着头(vt.)

hold one’s head up

担任重要职位(vt.)

hold an important position

21seem v.

好像… (link v.)

seem (to be) + adj. / n. = It seems /

seemed that…

某人好像做、做过、在做某事(vt.)

sb seem to do / have done / be doing sth 22…是因为It is because…

23…的原因是…

The reason (why / for which + 定语从句)

is that

Unit 1 More Reading

1contact n. / vt.

眼神交流(n.)eye contact

接触、联系某人(vt.)

contact sb = make contact with sb

与某人保持联系(n.)

be / keep in contact with sb 2key n.

…的关键the key to sth / doing sth

…的答案、入口、线索、解决方法

the answer / entrance / clue / solution to

sth / doing sth

3confuse vt. confusion n.

某事令某人困惑sth confuse sb

某人对…感到困惑

be confused at / about sth

4事实上

as a matter of fact = in fact

5consider vt. consideration n.

认为某人、某物…

consider sb / sth (as / to be) + n. / adj. ＝

consider + that sb be + n. / adj.

认为做某事…

consider it + n. / adj. + to do sth / that 从

句

考虑做某事consider doing sth

6lack n. / v.

缺乏某物(vt. / vi.)

lack sth = be lacking in sth = lack of sth

(注意这两个lack的词性不同)

因为、由于缺少某物(n.)

for lack of sth

7close 表示具体意义上的“近地、靠近地”/ closely表示抽象意义上的“密切

地、紧密地、仔细地”

站得近stand close

与…紧密联系be closely linked with

8last adj. / adv. / v.

倒数第二(adj.)last but one

最后但不是最不重要的(adv.)

last but not least

第一个来最后一个走(n.)

the first to come and the last to go

够我们吃三天(v.)

last us 3 days

我最不愿意见的人(adj.)

the last man I want to see

我最不愿意做的事(adj.)

the last thing I want to do

9avoid vt. avoidance n.

避免做某事avoid doing sth

10respect vt. / n.

对某人表示尊重(n.)show respect for sb 11authority n.

执政的人people in authority

12concentrate v. concentration n.

注意、集中在(vt. phr.)

concentrate on = be centered on

把注意力集中于… (vt.)

concentrate one’s attention on…

13rude adj.

对…粗鲁、有礼貌be rude / polite to sb 14signal n. / v.

表示友好或敌意、感兴趣或厌烦、理解

或困惑(vt.)

signal friendliness or hostility, interest or

boredom and understanding or confusion

示意、表示… (vt.)signal + that从句

示意某人做某事(vt.)signal sb to do sth 15maintain vt. maintenance n.

维护世界和平maintain world peace

保持身心健康

maintain mental and physical health

某人认为sb maintain that…

维修、保养汽车、房子

maintain a car / house

Unit 2 Reading

1guarantee n. / v.

保证、担保… (vt.)guarantee that...

保证做某事(vt.)guarantee to do sth

向某人保证某事(vt.)

guarantee sb sth = guarantee sth to sb

保证某物、某人… (vt.)

guarantee sb / sth + adj.

有三年保修期的冰箱(n.)

a fridge with a 3-year guarantee

2top n. / adj. / vt.

感到心满意足feel on top of the world

在…的顶部on the top of sth

在…之上、是最好的on top of sth / sb 3choose v. (chose, chosen) choice n.

宁愿做某事(vt.)choose to do sth

（别无选择）不得不做某事

have no choice / alternative but to do sth

做出选择make a choice

4advice n.

一条建议a piece of advice

5right adj. / adv. / n.

对…有好处的、合适的

be right for = be fit for = be suitable for 6hide v. (hid, hidden)

向某人隐藏某事、某物(vt.)

hide / conceal sth from sb

隐含的意思hidden meaning

7suit n. / vt.

某物适合某人(vt.)sth suit sb

某物对某人来说大小合适(vt.)

sth fit sb

一套衣服(n.)a suit of clothes

8balance n. / vt.

保持、扰乱、破坏、恢复自然界的平衡

(n.)

keep / upset (disturb) / destroy / restore

the balance of nature

失去平衡(n.)lose one’s balance

平衡A和B (vt.)balance A with B

权衡利弊(vt.)balance the pros and cons 9addition n. add vt.

此外（副词词组）in addition

除了in addition to = as well as

10effect n.

对…有效果have (an) effect on sb / sth

有效的、效率高的（能干的）

effective / efficient

能干的秘书

an efficient / capable secretary

11apply v. applicant / application

n.

向某人申请某物(vi.)apply to sb for sth

把…应用于…、使…适用于…、把…涂

/ 敷在…上(vt.)apply sth to sth

12damage n. / vt.

伤害某人、某物(vt.)damage sb / sth

对…有伤害、有好处(n.)

do damage / good to sb / sth

13cover n. / vt.

被…覆盖着be covered with

占地…cover an area of…

走…距离cover a distance of

看了…页cover…pages

涉及广泛的领域cover a wide field

包括所有的英语习语

cover all the English idioms

承担来去的费用

cover the travel expenses

14care n. / v.

照顾、喜欢、想要、愿意(vt. phr.)

care for

关心、在乎(vt. phr.)care about

保重！(n.)Take care.

我不在乎。(vi.)I don’t care.

15It is + adj. + for / of sb to do sth

某人做某事是…

16adj. / adv. + enough (not) to do sth

足够…可以（不）做某事

17open adj. / v.

在几点开、关(vi.)open / close at

从几点到几点营业(adj.)

be open from … to …

从开着的窗户进来(adj.)

come in from an open window

把某人的文件摊在桌子上(adj.)

leave one’s papers lying open on the desk

开着窗户睡觉(adj.)

sleep with the windows open

自动打开(vi.)open of itself

通往… (vi.)open into sp

18keep v. (kept, kept)

让某人久等(vt.)

kept sb waiting for so long

让我们知晓国内外大事(vt.)

keep us informed of what is happening at

home and abroad

让我的头发看上去有光泽(vt.)

keep my hair shiny

把血压降下来(vt.)

keep sb’s blood pressure down

火势得到了控制(vt.)

keep the fire under control

19set v. (set, set)

摆碗筷(vt.)set / lay the table

把你的吹风机调在低温档(vt.)

set your hairdryer at a low temperature

把我的闹钟调在6点钟(vt.)

set my alarm clock for 6 o’clock

以…为背景的(vt.)is set in sp

从东方升起西方落下(vi.)

rise in the east and set in the west

20expert n. / adj.

专长于be expert in

Unit 2 More Reading

1hair n.

有一头长发have long hair

有几根白发

have a couple of white / silver / grey

hairs

2result n. / v.

导致，造成(vt. phr.)

result in = lead to = bring about = give

rise to = contribute to = cause

由…而造成(vt. phr.)result from

因此(n.)as a result, as a result of

3amount n.

大量的（通常修饰不可数名词）

large amounts of = a large amount of = a

great deal of

大量的（通常修饰复数名词）

a large number of = a good / great many

大量的（既可修饰复数名词又可修饰不

可数名词）plenty of = a lot of = lots of 4keep v. (kept, kept)

阻止某人做某事(vt.)

keep sb from doing sth = stop / prevent

sb (from) doing sth

让某人一直做某事(vt.)

keep sb doing sth

一直做某事(vt.)keep doing sth

一个人难免一生中不犯错误。

One can not keep himself from making

mistakes in life.

5rob vt. (robbed, robbed)

抢某人某物rob sb of sth

偷某人某物steal sth from sb

告知某人某事inform sb of sth

提醒某人某事remind sb of sth

警告某人某事warn sb of sth

羡慕某人某事envy sb of sth

治疗某人某病、某习惯cure sb of sth

使某人摆脱某事rid sb of sth

剥夺某人某物deprive sb of sth

6relax v. relaxing / relaxed

adj. relaxation n.

使自己、某人放松(vt.)

relax oneself / sb

令人轻松的工作a relaxing job

感到轻松的feel relaxed

7damage n. / vt.

伤害某人、某物damage sb / sth

对…造成伤害(n.)do damage to sb / sth 8choice n.

没有选择不得不做某事

have no choice / alternative but to do sth

做出选择make a choice

9ensure v.

确保某事(vt.)ensure sth

确保某人某事(vt.)

ensure sb sth / ensure sb + that从句

确保、保证… (vt.)

ensure / make sure + that 从句(通常用

一般现在时)

10assure vt.

向某人保证某事、使某人相信某事

assure sb of sth / assure sb + that从句

11insure vt. insurance n.

为某人、某物投保…价值的…险

insure sb / sth against sth for sm

12sure & certain adj.

某人对…有把握

sb be sure / certain of / about sth = sb be

sure / certain + that从句

某人一定会做某事

sb be sure / certain to do sth

务必、一定（通常用于祈使句）

be sure to do sth

…是必然的、一定的It is certain that…

天要下雨了。

It is sure to rain. = I’m sure / certain that

it is going to rain. = It is certain that it is

going to rain. 13while 当…；虽然，尽管；然而

n. / conj.

过了一会儿(n.)after a while

偶尔once in a while

14look n. / v.

看上去最好看(vt.)look one’s best

容貌与年龄相符（看得出年龄）(vt.)

look one’s age

把某人看作、当作… (vt.)

consider / regard / think of / look on sb as

sth

注视某人(vt.)look sb in the eye

上下打量某人(vt.)look sb up and down 15attend v. attendant / attendance

n.

①上课②做礼拜③出席婚礼④参加

智力竞赛节目的录制(vt.)

attend school / class, attend church,

attend a wedding ceremony, attend the

filming of a TV quiz programme

注意某人、某事(vi.)

attend to sb / sth = pay attention to sb /

sth

照顾某人(vt. / vi.)attend (to) sb

16make (注意VOC的结构，这里的补语可以是n. / adj. / 不定式/ 过去分词)

v.

让、使某人成为… (vt.)

make sb / sth + n. (表示职务时用零冠

词)

让、使某人、某物… (vt.)

make sb / sth + adj.

让、使某人做某事(vt.)

make / let / have sb do sth

使某人、某物被… (vt.)

make sb / sth done

使得做某事… (vt.)

make it + n. / adj. + that从句/ to do sth

使某人成为副总统(vt.)

make sb vice president

我们要让每天使用英语成为一个习惯。

(vt.)

We should make it a habit to use English

every day.

17need n. / v.

need做情态动词时

不需要做某事(v.)needn’t do sth

需要做某事吗？(v.)

Need…do sth? (Yes, …must /

No, …needn’t)

need做实义动词时

需要某物(vt.)need sth

需要做某事(vt.)need to do sth

不需要做某事(vt.)

not need to do sth

某人、某物需要被……(vt.)

sb / sth need doing = sb / sth need to be

done

需要某人做某事(vt.)

need sb to do sth

need做名词时

（某人）没有必要做某事(n.)

There is no need (for sb) to do sth

非常需要某人、某物(n.)

be in great need of sb / sth = be badly in

need of sb / sth

对…的需求need for sth

满足…的需要meet the needs of

如果需要的话(n.)if need be

18grow v. (grew, grown)

growth n.

种植棉花、蔬菜(vt.)

grow cotton / vegetables

留长发、络腮胡子、小胡子(vt.)

grow long hair / a beard / a moustache

变得… (link v.)grow + adj.

长大(vi. phr.)grow up

长成(vt. phr.)grow into sb / sth

在…生长过程中in the growth of

19remember vt.

记得、忘记做过某事

remember / forget doing sth

记得、忘记要做某事

remember / forget to do sth

因为某事而记住某人

remember sb for sth

20regular adj. irregular

ant.

规则变化的动词regular verbs

固定的收入regular income

没有固定工作have no regular work

常客regular customers

21help n. / v. helpful adj.

帮助某人某事(vt.)

assist sb with sth = help sb with sth

帮助某人做某事(vt.)

assist sb to do sth = help sb (to) do sth

有助于做某事(vt.)

help (to) do sth

情不自禁做某事(vt.)

can’t help doing sth

忍不住、不得不做某事(vi.)

cannot help but do sth

请随便吃… (vt.)

help yourself to sth

对…有很大的帮助(n.)

be of great help to sb = be helpful to sb 22right n. / adj. / adv.

对…来说是合适的(adj.)

be right / fit / suitable for sb / sth

all right的用法

你没事吧？Are you all right?

我们走吧！好的。Let’s go. All right.

不用谢。/ 没关系。That’s all right.

立刻，马上(adv.)right away / off

向左转

turn to the left (n.) = turn left (adv.)

权利和义务(n.)rights and duties

明辨是非(n.)

tell / distinguish right from wrong

Unit 3 Reading

1 tourism n. tourist n.

tour n.

导游a tour guide

旅游经营商a tour operator

旅游景点

tourist attractions = places of interest = scenic spots

2 twist v. / n.

扭了踝骨、膝盖(vt.)

twist one’s ankle / knee

扭伤的踝关节、膝盖(vt.)

a twisted ankle / knee

这条小路蜿蜒曲折(vi.)

The road twists and turns.

蜿蜒曲折的小路(n.)

a road with twists and turns

3 construct vt. construction n.

constructor n.

在建造中be under construction

构思巧妙的小说

a well-constructed novel

4 magnificent adj. magnificence

n.

5 rise v. (rose, risen) / n.

见证…的兴衰

witness the rise and fall of…

升起来；起义(vi. phr.)rise up

不断提高(n.)on the rise

一夜成名(vt. phr.)

rise to fame overnight

站起来(vt. phr.)

rise from one’s seat = rise to one’s feet

第一个起床(vi.)the first to rise / get up

情绪高涨(vi.)one’s spirits rise (up)

6 fall n. / v. (fell, fallen)

生病、睡着(link v.)

fall ill / sick, fall asleep

落后(vi. phr.)fall behind

爱上某人(vt. phr.)fall in love with sb

养成…习惯(vt. phr.)

fall / get into the habit of

被…绊倒(vt. phr.)fall over sth

跌落(vt. phr.)fall off sth

摔在…上，落到…上(vt. phr.)fall on sth

粉碎，崩溃(vt. phr.)fall into pieces

落到…手中(vt. phr.)

fall into the hand of sb

可分成…部分(vt. phr.)fall into…parts

不够，未达到(link v.)fall short of

7 include vt. 包括exclude ant.

Cf. contain v. 包含

包括某人、某物

including sb / sth = sb / sth included

8 set n.

200多件青铜器

more than 200 sets of bronze ware

9 sculpture n. sculptor n.

sculpt v.

大理石雕塑

marble sculpture

10 calligraphy n. calligrapher

n.

practice calligraphy

11 seal n.

盖章carry a seal

12 historical adj. of history

historic adj. important in history

按照历史上的先后顺序

in historical sequence

一部历史小说a historical novel

具有历史意义的纪念碑、记录、时刻、胜利

of historic meaning / records / moment (occasion) / victory

13 civil adj. civilization n.

civilize v.

中国文明the Chinese civilization

对某人有礼貌、文明、有教养

be civil to sb

民法civil law

国内战争civil war

14 preserve vt. / n.

保护丽江古城和其他游览圣诞

preserve / protect the old town of Lijiang and other places of interest

保护濒危物种不致灭绝

preserve / protect endangered species from extinction

保护我们的自然资源

preserve / protect natural resources

保存得很好be well preserved / protected

不让某人做某事

preserve / stop sb (from) doing sth = keep sb from doing sth

维护世界和平

preserve / maintain the world peace

动物保护区内禁止狩猎。

No hunting is allowed in the preserve.

15 admit v. admission n,

承认事实真相(vt.)admit the truth

承认、否认做过某事(vt.)

admit / deny doing sth

允许某人进入某地(vt.)admit sb to sp

被大学录取(vt.)

be admitted to / into the university = be accepted by the university

16 scenery（统称）景色scene场景

sight看到（see的名词）

view从某人角度看到的景色还有观点的意思landscape陆地上的风景

漓江的景色就像一幅美丽的风景画。

The scenery along the Li River is just like a beautiful landscape painting.

第一幕Scene One

去观光go sightseeing

俯瞰某物have a bird’s eye view of sth

某物进入某人的视野

sth come into sb’s view

以我之见

from my point of view / in my view / in my opinion

持有…的观点

hold the view / opinion that…

17 reflect v. reflection n.

反映某人的观点(vt.)reflect sb’s views

反思(vi.)reflect on

反射装置reflecting device

18 base n. / vt.

公司的总部在巴黎。

The base of the company is in Paris.

以…为基础，基于…

base sth on sth = sth be based on sth

19 turn n. / v.

急转弯(n.)a sharp turn

蜿蜒曲折的小路(n.)

a road with twists and turns

这条小路蜿蜒曲折(vi.)

The road twists and turns.

转到门上的把手(vt.)

turn the handle of the door

地球依着地轴(axis)转。(vi.)

The earth turns on its axis.

成为一名作家(link v.)turn writer

开、关(vt. phr.)turn on / off

出现(vi. phr.)turn up

不理睬某人(vt. phr.)turn away sb

翻开崭新的一页，改过自新(vt. phr.)

turn over a new leaf

转折点(vi.)the turning point

移交(vt. phr.)

turn over sb / sth = turn sb / sth over

对…充耳不闻、视而不见(vt.)

turn a deaf ear / a blind eye to

结果是… (link v. phr.)

turn out to be… = It turns out that…

求助于某人、某物(vt. phr.)

turn to sb / sth

转而反对(vt. phr.)turn against sb

20 chain n.

山脉mountain chains / ranges

连锁反应a chain of reactions

一连串巧合a chain of coincidences

连锁店a chain store

表链a chain to a watch

21 odd adj. oddly adv.

形状奇怪的山峰oddly-shaped peaks

做临时工do odd jobs

奇数、偶数odd / even numbers

很可能…The odds / chances are that…22 shape n.

成形take shape

变形lose its shape

以…的形状in the shape of…

身体好、身体差

be in good / bad shape / health

健康不佳；变形be out of shape

23 distance n. distant

adj.

从远处from a distance

在远处in the distance

隔开一段距离at a distance

与某人保持一定的距离

keep sb at a distance

24 hold n. / v. (held, held)

抓住某人、某物(n.)catch hold of sb / sth

保持不动(link v.)keep / hold / stay still

举行运动会(vt.)hold a sports meeting

手里抱着孩子(vt.)

hold a baby in one’s arms

持有…的观点(vt.)

hold the view / opinion that…

昂着头(vt.)hold one’s head up

担任重要职位(vt.)

hold an important position

举起；支撑；阻止；延误；抢劫(v. phr.)

hold up

阻碍交通(vt. phr.)

hold up the traffic

被延迟了几个小时(vt. phr.)

be held up for several hours

阻挡；抑制；克制；控制(v. phr.)

hold back

忍住眼泪(vt. phr.)hold back one’s tears

她的头发用两个小夹子往后夹了起来。(vt. phr.)

Her hair was held back by two clips.

(使)连在一起，使…保持团结(v. phr.)

hold together

这条裤子是用别针别住的。(vt. phr.)

The trousers were held together with a safety pin.

在这种情况下哪里有家庭能保持团结？(vi. phr.)

How can any family hold together under these circumstances?

坚持；别挂断(vi. phr.)hold on

抓住不放(vt. phr.)hold on to sb / sth

伸出；提供；坚持(v. phr.)hold out

伸出手(vt. phr.)hold out one’s hand

医生们对她的恢复不抱什么希望。(vt. phr.)

Doctors held out little hope of her recovery.

你的钱能维持多久？(vi. phr.)

How long can your money hold out?

Unit 4 Reading

1surprise n. / vt. surprising / surprised adj.

某事使某人惊讶(v.) sth surprise sb

对…感到惊奇(v.)be surprised at

让人（很/非常）惊讶的是(n.)

(much) to one’s surprise (surprise作名词

用，该词组单独使用，一般放在句首)

让某人非常惊讶的是(v.)

What surprised us most was…(动词还

可以用impress, confuse, interest, excite,

upset, move, affect, touch等含有“使

人…”的及物动词)

2contest n. / vt. contestant n.

演讲比赛a speech contest

3whisper n. / v.

小声地、轻声地(n.)

in whispers = in a whisper

与某人小声说话(v.)whisper to sb

将…小声说给某人听(v.)

whisper sth to sb

4must v.

一定是…must be

一定在做某事must be doing sth

一定做过某事must have done sth

为什么偏要下雨？Why must it rain?

5faint adj. / v.

以微弱的声音(adj.)in a faint voice

淡色(adj.)a faint colour

渺茫的希望(adj.)a faint hope

饿得发晕(adj.)

feel faint from hunger / lack of food

饿晕了(v.)

faint from hunger / lack of food

我一点也不知道你的意思。(adj.)

I haven’t the faintest idea of what you

mean.

6gasp n. / v.

惊奇地叫了起来gasp in / with surprise 7help n. / v.

帮某人离开某地help sb off sp

帮助某人摆脱困境help sb out

随便吃…help yourself to sth

把某人扶起来help sb up

8off adv. / prep.

从…上摔下来、跳下来

fall off sth, jump off sth

为某人送行see sb off

出发set off = set out

把某人扶下舞台help sb off the stage

推迟，延期put off = postpone = delay

取消call off = cancel

脱衣，起飞take off

9seat n. / vt.

使/ 安排某人、自己就坐(v.)

seat sb / oneself

坐在桌子、钢琴旁边(v.)

sit / be seated at the table / piano

请坐！

Please be seated. = Please take your seat.

坐得下…人(v.)seat … people

预订座位(n.)book seats

10rush n. / v.

冲向、冲往某地(v.)rush to sp

学生们蜂拥而出。(v.)

Out rushed the students. (全部倒装：①副

词或地点状语在句首②不及物动词，

用一般现在或一般过去时③主语是普

通名词)

他们蜂拥而出。(v.)Out they rushed.

把某人急送往某地(v.)rush sb to sp

高峰时间(n.)rush hour

11clap n. / v.

某人拍手

sb clap / sb clap one’s hands

热烈鼓掌clap loudly

友好地拍某人的背、肩膀

clap sb on the back / shoulder

12It’s time

该做某事了It’s time for sth

某人该做某事了

It’s time for sb to do sth = It’s(high /

about) time that sb did sth

13ahead of

领先于其他两名参赛者

ahead of the other two contestants

提前ahead of time / schedule

14beat v. (beat, beaten)

打败某人beat / defeat sb

赢得某物win sth

获得金牌win the gold medal

某人赢了sb win 15attend v. attendant / attendance n.

①上课②做礼拜③出席婚礼④参加

智力竞赛节目的录制

attend school / class, attend church,

attend a wedding ceremony, attend the

filming of a TV quiz programme

注意某人、某事

attend to sb / sth = pay attention to sb /

sth

照顾某人

attend (to) sb

16fall n. / v. (fell, fallen)

①落后②爱上某人③养成…习惯④

被…绊倒⑤跌落⑥摔在…上，落到…

上⑦粉碎，崩溃⑧落到…手中⑨可

分成⑩不够，未达到

fall behind, fall in love with sb, fall / get

into the habit of, fall over, fall off, fall on,

fall into pieces, fall into the hands of, fall

into, fall short of

17across adv. / prep.

摔倒在桌子上(prep.)

fall across the desk

穿过马路(prep.)

walk across the street / road

游过英吉利海峡(prep.)

swim across the English Channel

架在河上的桥(prep.)

the bridge across / over the river

走过桥(prep.)

walk across / over the bridge

住在街对面(prep.)

live across the street

走过来(adv.)

walk / come over / across

游泳池宽25米。(adv.)

The swimming pool measures 25 meters

across / wide.

18hurry n. / v.

快点(v.)hurry up

匆忙走开(v.)hurry away / off

匆忙地(n.)in a hurry

催促某人、急忙做某事(v.)hurry sb / sth

19opposite n. / adj. / prep.

…的对立面、对立物(n.)

the opposite (of)

在…对面，与…相反(adj.)

be opposite to

在某人、某物的对面(prep.)

opposite sb / sth

20raise vt.

①举手②提高人们生活水准③提高

嗓音

raise one’s hand, raise people’s living

standard, raise one’s voice

提出一个问题

raise / present / put forward / bring up a

question

种庄稼raise / grow / plant crops

养宠物、抚养孩子

raise pets, raise / bring up children

为…筹款raise / collect money for…

21make up

①编造②化妆③组成

弥补make up for

由…组成

be made up of = be composed of =

consist of

编一个理由、故事

make up an excuse / a story

给某人化妆make up one’s face

用化妆品wear make-up / cosmetics

22powder n. / vt.

powder那样名词作动词用的常见例子

让房间通风、预订一张桌子、遛狗、主

办奥运会、剥香蕉的皮、尾随着某人、

使某人就坐

air the room, book a table, walk the dog,

host the Olympic Games, skin the banana,

dog one’s footsteps, seat sb

23audience n.

①audience是集合名词，用作主语时，

其谓语可用单数（视为整体）或复数（视

为个体），如：

The audience is / are listening attentively.

The audience was / were enjoying every

minute of the performance.

②由于audience是集合名词，所有an

audience不是指一个观众，而是指某一

群观众，某一场次观众，某一方面观众

等，如：

She has never spoken to such a large

audience before.

He loves holding forth on any subject (大

发议论) once he has an audience.

③同样地，audiences也不是指“多个观

众”，而是指多群观众，多个场次观众，

多个方面观众等，如：

Entertaining audiences is the purpose of

movies.

She has addressed (向某人作演讲)

audiences all over the country.

④形容观众人数之多或之少通常用big,

large, vast以及small, thin等形容词修

饰。如：

She felt nervous at having to sing at such

a large audience / so large an audience.

⑤要具体表示观众的数量，可以用

every in the audience, there be…people

in the audience, an audience of…people

等

24boom n. / v.

婴儿潮(生育高峰)、旅游业大发展

baby boom, a big travel boom

房产升温property boom

低沉的隆隆雷声

a hollow boom of thunder

25host n. / vt.

主办国、主办奥运会

a host country / nation, host the Olympic

Games

寄宿家庭、招待来宾

a host family, host the visitors / guests

今晚表演的主持人、主持脱口秀

the host of tonight’s show, host a

talk-show

26edge n.

在…的边缘on the edge of

被深深吸引住；有浓厚兴趣

on the edge of one’s chair

27chew vt.

口香糖chewing gum

28hardly adv.

刚/ 一…就

hardly / scarcely / rarely…when … = no

sooner … than …

29still adj. / adv.

保持不动(adj.)keep / hold / stay still

坐着、站着不动(adj.)sit / stand still

静水流深。(adj.)Still waters run deep.

更加… (adv.)

still / far / much / even + -er

30keep v. (kept, kept)

不停地做某事keep doing sth

让某人一直做某事keep sb doing sth

不让某人做某事keep sb from doing sth 31get v. (got, got)

给某人弄到、买到某物

get sb sth = get sth for sb

帮某人拿来、带来某物

get sb sth = get sth for sb

使得某人、某物…get sb / sth + adj.

使得某人做某事

get sb to do sth = have sb do sth

使得某人、某物被…

get / have sb / sth done

使得某人、某物做起某事来

get / have sb / sth doing sth

Unit 4 More Reading

1feel like

2feel like part of the action 身临其境feel like doing想要（做）某事

3part n. / v.

扮演…的角色play / act the part / role of

积极参加take an active part in

起到重要的作用

play an important part in

机器零件machine parts

4surround vt. surroundings n.

被…包围、围住be surrounded by

5achieve vt. achievement n.

达到目标、完成任务、实现抱负

achieve / accomplish a goal / a task one’s

ambition

创造奇迹

accomplish / achieve / do / perform /

work wonders / miracles

一事无成accomplish / achieve nothing

取得显著的成就

make remarkable achievements /

accomplishments

成就感

a sense of achievement / accomplishment 6suspend vt. suspension n.

悬挂在…上be suspended on / from…

中止谈话suspend the talk

被暂令停职be suspended from office

暂停营业suspend business

缓刑两年a two-year suspended sentence

悬索桥a suspension bridge

7arrange v. arrangement n.

整理某物、安排某事arrange sth

安排做某事arrange to do sth

安排某人做某事arrange for sb to do sth

作出安排make arrangements

8introduce vt. introduction n.

把A介绍给Bintroduce A to B

把某物从某地引进introduce sth from sp

把某物引进到某地introduce sth into sp

对…的简单介绍

a brief introduction to sth

9nearly adv.

几乎要看不见了be nearly / almost out

of sight

接近一半的学生nearly / almost half of

the students

几乎从不、几乎没人、几乎没什么、几

乎没有地方almost never / no one / none

/ nobody / nothing / nowhere

远不，根本不，完全不，一点儿不

not nearly

Unit 5 Reading

1sound n. / v. / adj.

某人、某物看、听、闻、品尝、摸起来…

(v.)

sb / sth look / sound / smell / taste / feel +

adj.

某人、某物看、听、闻、品尝、摸起来

好像… (v.)

sb / sth look / sound / smell / taste / feel

like + n.

某人、某物看、听、闻、品尝、摸起来

好像… (v.)

sb / sth look / sound / smell / taste / feel

as if / as though + 从句

正在酣睡(adj.)

be in a sound sleep / be fast asleep / be

sound asleep

睡个好觉(adj.)sleep a sound sleep

心智健全(adj.)have a sound mind

安全无恙地回来(adj.)

return safe and sound

听到隔壁邻居家里有个奇怪的声音

hear a strange sound from the next door /

next-door neighbour

音响效果(n.)sound effect

一间隔音的房间(n.)

a sound-proof room

2influence n. / vt.

影响某人、某物(v.)

influence sb / sth

（更常用）受到…的影响(v.)

be influenced by sb / sth

受到…的影响很大(v.)

be greatly influenced by sb / sth

对…产生影响(n.)

have influence on…= have effect /

impact on…

在…影响下(n.)under the influence of…3bit n.

一点点a bit of = a little

a bit = a little修饰形容词、副词原级或

比较级

有点冷a bit cold / a little cold

更加有点…/更加有点不…

a bit / a little more / less…

许多，不是一点点

quite a bit / a little / a few

not a bit 不等于not a little，因为not a bit = not at all而not a little = very 4spend vt. (spent, spent)

某人在…上花（时间、金钱）

sb spend st / sm on sth, sb spend st / sm

in doing sth

其他像take, cost, pay的用法呢？

It takes sb st / sm to do sth

It costs sb st / sm to do sth, sth cost sb sm

/ st

sb pay (sb sm) for sth

5crowd n. / v.

一群(n.)a (large) crowd of

在人群中(n.)in the crowd

挤过人群(n.)

push one’s way through the crowd

挤满了… (v.)be crowded with…

街上挤满了人。(v.)

The street is crowded with people. =

People crowded the street.

聚在某人周围(v.)crowd around sb

挤入地铁

crowd into the subway / underground /

metro

6dangerous adj. danger n.

做某事对某人来说是危险的

It is dangerous for sb to do sth

处于危险之中

in danger ant. out of danger

狼受到人类的威胁。

Wolves are in danger from people.

在威胁的时候in time of danger

对社会的一种危害a danger to society 7instead adv.

instead of = in place of prep. phr.

8lose v. (lost, lost)

迷路lose one’s way = be / get lost

失踪的孩子a lost / missing child

我的手表不见了。

My watch is lost / missing / gone.

灰心丧气lose heart

减肥lose weight

与某人失去联系

lose contact / touch with sb

输了比赛lose a game ant. win a game

发脾气lose one’s temper

失去平衡lose one’s balance

陷入沉思、专注于看书、全身投入于工

作中

be lost in thought / a book / one’s work

9contain vt. 包含include vt. 包括肉类中含有蔬菜中所没有的维生素和

矿物质。

Meat contains vitamins and minerals

(which are) not found in vegetables.

这本书包含三个章节。

The book contains three chapters.

10very adv. 非常（修饰形容词、副词）

adj. （修饰名词，起强调作用）理解very在下列句中的含义

You might be the very person we are

looking for this job.

你可能正是我们所要找的从事这项工

作的合适人选。（最佳的；最合适的）

at this very moment / minute / instant

在此时此刻（同一的；恰好的；正是的）

Charles realized that his throne and his

very life were in danger.

查尔斯意识到他的王位、甚至他的生命

危在旦夕。（甚至于）

Do you think Sam is a very vegetarian?

你认为山姆是个纯/完全的素食者吗？

（极端的；完全的）

这就是我在找的那本书。(adj.)

This is the very book / just the book I am

looking for.

偷窃时当场被抓获(adj.)

be caught in the very act of stealing

酷似某人(adj.)be the very image of sb 11 scene n.

第一幕scene one

在这一幕里in this scene

去现场go to the scene

12have vt. 表示“有；让、使；吃；

喝；从事、做、进行”

和…有关、无关

have sth / nothing to do with…

完全有理由做某事

have every reason to do sth

和…有、没有共同点

have sth / nothing in common with…

做某事有困难

have trouble / difficult (in) doing sth

有机会做某事

have the chance / opportunity to do sth

有能力、权利做某事

have the ability / power / authority to do

sth

做使役动词时与get的不同之处

have sb do sth = get sb to do sth, have sb

/ sth done = get sb / sth done, have sb /

sth doing sth = get sb / sth doing sth

与一日三餐的搭配

have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner /

a meal

表示“喝“

have tea / milk / coffee / a drink

表示“从事、做、进行”

have a swim / a break / a party / a good

time / a holiday / a lesson / a haircut / a

day off / a walk / a try / a bath

13mix v. mixture n.

mixed adj.

什锦(混合的)烤肉串、色拉

mixed grill / salad

复杂的感情mixed feelings / emotions

把A和B混合(vt.)mix A with B

混淆黑白mix black with white

与某物混合、与某人交际、交往(vi.)

mix with sb / sth

油不溶于水。Oil doesn’t mix with water. 14no more

不再no more / no longer = not …any

more / longer

理解no more than和not more than的区

别

(no more than = only仅仅，只有)

(not more than 至多，不超过)

15here / there adv.

注意here/there在句首的倒装情况

Here comes the bus. / Here he comes.

There goes the bell. / There he goes.

Here we are. / Here is my mixed grill!

只有当普通名词做主语才全部倒装

16get v. 实义动词（表示“获得，得到，买到；拿来，带来”），使役动词，

系动词

给某人弄到、买到某物

get sb sth = get sth for sb

帮某人拿来、带来某物

get sb sth = get sth for sb

使得某人、某物…

get sb / sth + adj.

使得某人做某事

get sb to do sth = have sb do sth

使得某人、某物被…

get / have sb / sth done

使得某人、某物做起某事来

get / have sb / sth doing sth

容易得病easily get sick / ill

暴富get rich quick

生气get angry / cross

聚会get together

恢复；克服get over sth

穿过；完成；通过；接通

get through the tunnel / the work / an

exam, I couldn’t get through —the line

was engaged.

起床get up

上车、下车get on / off the bus, get into /

out of the car

17still adj. / adv.

保持不动(adj.)keep / hold / stay still

坐着、站着不动(adj.)sit / stand still

静水流深。(adj.)Still waters run deep.

更加… (adv.)

still / far / much / even + -er

18way n.

…的方式/ 样子

the way + (in which / that) + 定语从句

顺便说一下by the way

挡道in the way

临近on the way = around the corner

在去…的路上on the / one’s way to sp 19appetite n.

胃口好、不好have a good / poor appetite

刺激、破坏食欲

stimulate / spoil one’s appetite

对…有、没有食欲

have / lose one’s appetite for sth

对…的欲望appetite for…

（不）爱好…

have / lose an appetite for sth

Unit 5 More Reading

1 healthy adj. health n.

unhealthy adj.

保持健康keep / stay healthy = keep fit

身体状况良好be in good health

健康、垃圾食品healthy / junk food

2 source n. resource n. 资源

…的来源the source of

能量的、铁的、蛋白质的来源

the source of energy / iron / protein

据可靠人士说

according to a reliable source

长江、黄河的源头

the source of the Yangzi River / Yellow River

成为一种有用的资源

become a valuable resource

自然资源natural resources

3 variety n. vary v.

various adj.

一种新的小麦

a new variety / kind / sort / type of wheat

他的生活丰富多彩。

His life is full of variety.

各种各样的a variety of

因为各种各样的原因

for a variety of / various reasons

4 advise vt. advice n.

adviser n.

建议（做）某事advise (doing) sth

建议某人做某事

advise sb to do sth = advise that sb (should) do sth

在某事上给某人建议advise sb on sth

建议某人不要做某事

advise sb against doing sth = advise sb not to do sth = advise that sb (should) not do sth

5 balance n. / v.

保持、扰乱、破坏、恢复自然界的平衡

(n.)

keep / upset (disturb) / destroy / restore

the balance of nature

失去平衡(n.)lose one’s balance

平衡A和B (v.)balance A with B

权衡利弊(v.)balance the pros and cons 6 warn vt. warning n.

警告某人某事warn sb of sth

警告某人要做某事warn sb to do sth

警告某人不要做某事

warn sb not to do sth = warn sb against (doing) sth

7lack n. / v.

缺乏某物

lack sth = be lacking in sth = lack of sth

(注意这两个lack的词性不同)

因为、由于缺少某物(n.)for lack of sth 8 include vt. 包括exclude ant.

Cf. contain v. 包含

包括某人、某物

including sb / sth = sb / sth included

9 increase n. / v. decrease

ant.

增加速度、利润、效率、产量(v.)

increase speed / profits / efficiency / production

在…方面从…增加到… (v.)

increase in sth from … to …

不断增长的人口(v.)

increasing population

增加得心脏病的风险(v.)

increase the risk of heart attacks

随着…的增长(n.)

with the increase of

在增长(n.)on the increase / rise

在减少(n.)on the decrease / decline

10 decide v. decision n.

决定做某事decide to do sth

在…上作出决定decide on sth

决定不做某事

decide against sth = decide not to do sth

已决定…It has been decided that…

作出决定make a decision

达成决定

come to / arrive at / reach a decision

11choose v. (chose, chosen) choice n.

宁愿做某事choose to do sth

（别无选择）不得不做某事

have no choice / alternative but to do sth

做出选择make a choice

12 tell v. (told, told)

告诉某人某事tell sb sth

告诉某人关于某事tell sb about sth

给某人讲故事、告诉某人真相

tell sb a story / the truth

撒谎、算命tell a lie / sb’s fortune

区别A和Btell A from B = tell the difference between A and B

把…区分开tell sth apart

13 risk n. / vt.

使生命、财产、健康遭受危险(v.)

risk one’s life / fortune / health

冒着生命危险去做某事(n. / v.)

risk one’s life to do sth = do sth at the risk of one’s life

冒险(n.)take / run a risk

冒着…风险(n. / v.)

risk doing sth = run the risk of doing sth

以…为风险(n.)

at the risk of

以某人的生命、财产、健康为风险(n.)

at the risk of sb’s life / fortune / health

在危险中(n.)

be at risk = be in danger

14neither…nor…既不…也不…

either…or…或者…或者…

both…and……和…

not…but…不是…而是…

not only…but also…不但…而且…

在决定主谓一致时，除了both…and…

是用复数谓语以外，其他的都是就近原

则

16 opinion n.

你对…的看法是什么？

What is your opinion of / on sb / sth?

依某人之见

in one’s opinion对…评价好、不好

have a good / high / low opinion of = think highly / low of

舆论public opinion

17 grow v. (grew, grown)

growth n.

种植棉花、蔬菜grow cotton / vegetables

留长发、络腮胡子、小胡子

grow long hair / a beard / a moustache

变得…grow + adj.

长大grow up

长成grow into sb / sth

在…生长过程中in the growth of

18 proper adj. properly adv.

形容词作表语：I don’t think it would be

proper for me to say any more.

我觉得我再说下去就不合乎体统了。(合乎道德规范的；合乎体统的)

形容词作前置定语：You have to have proper tools for the job.

要做这项工作你得有合适的工具。(合适的；适宜的；正确的；恰当的)

形容词作后置定语：The city proper has a small population.

这个城市本身人口并不多。(确切意义上的；严格意义上的)

还有如the students present (出席的学

生) the cost involved (所需费用) all the

people concerned (所有有关的人)

形容词词组作后置定语：This is a custom proper to the area.

这是这个地区特有的风俗。(特有的；专有的)

19 equal adj. / vt. equally

adv.

如今，大多数人都认为男人和女人生来就是平等的。(adj.)

Nowadays, a / the majority of people maintain that both men and women are born equal.

要求同工同酬(adj.)

demand equal pay for equal work

1加1等于2。(v. / adj.)

1 plus 1 equals / is equal to 2.

同样地危险

be equally dangerous

20 example n.

比如说for example / instance

仿效某人，学某人的样子

follow sb’s example

为某人树立榜样set an example to sb

以...为例

take sth for example / as an example

21 research n. / v.

对癌症病因进行研究(n. / v.)

do / carry out research into the causes of cancer = research into / on the cause of cancer 23 amount n. / v.

大量的… (n.) (通常修饰不可数名词，主谓一致由amount的单复数决定)

总计；共达(v.)

amount to sth = add up to sth = come to sth = total (up to) sth

Unit 6 Reading

1.mean vt. (meant, meant)

meaning n. means

n.

打算做某事mean to do sth

意味着做某事mean doing sth

意味着生死的差别

mean the difference between life and

death

意味着成败与否

mean the difference between success and

failure

用这种方法、手段

by this means = in this way

通过、凭借by means of

决不by no means

你决不应该放弃。(By)

By no means should you give up.

已经千方百计了。(means)

Every means has been tried. = All means

have been tried.

2.such as举例时有两种表达：种类+such

as+例子，such+种类+as+例子

我喜欢像红色、蓝色、黄色等亮丽的颜

色。

I like bright colours such as red, blue and

yellow. = I like such bright colours as red,

blue and yellow.

3.practice n. / v. practical

adj.

熟能生巧。(n.)Practice makes perfect.

知识来自于实践。(n.)

Knowledge begins with practice.

把理论和实际联系起来(n.)

combine theory with practice = apply

theory to practice = put theory into

practice

练习做某事(v.)practice doing sth

（挂牌）行医、当律师(v.)

practice medicine / law

4.hold n. / v. (held, held)

抓住某人、某物

catch hold of sb / sth

举起；支撑；阻止；延误；抢劫

hold up

一场事故造成了交通阻塞。

An accident is holding up traffic.

我们的返航被延误了几个小时。

Our return flight was held up for several

hours.

Debbie总是抬着头。

Debbie always holds her head up.

5.quality n. quantity n.

质量好、不好

be of good / poor quality

你的自行车比我的质量好。

Your bike is of better quality than mine.

= Your bike is better in quality than mine.

质量优于数量

Quality is better than quantity.

这种材料的一个特性

one quality of this material

一名好老师的特征

qualities of a good teacher

反映某人的内在品质

reflect one’s inner quality

https://www.360docs.net/doc/819081738.html,e n. / vt. useful / useless

adj.

充分利用、好好使用(n.)

make good / full use of = make the best /

most use of

非常有用(n.)

be of great use = be very useful

做某事没有用(n.)

It is no use / no good / useless doing sth

被用作(v.)be used as

被用来做某事(v.)be used to do sth

习惯于做某事(v.)

be / get used to doing sth

过去总是做某事(v.)used to do sth

7.involve vt.

这个问题涉及到我们所有的人。

The problem involves us all.

包括、需要做某事

involve (doing) sth

这个项目风险重重。

The job involves great risks.

这项工作需要我经常出差。

The job involves my going for a business

trip.

不要把我卷入到你们的争吵中。

Don’t involve me in your quarrel.

全身心投入某事involve oneself in sth

所需费用the cost involved

8.profit n. / v. profitable

adj.

从中获利、获益(n.)

draw / gain profit from…

盈利… (n.)make a profit of…

有益于、有利于某人、某事，对某人、

某事有利、有益(v.)profit sb / sth

从...获利、获益(v.)profit from / by...

对...有利的、有益的

be profitable to sb / sth

有利可图的投资profitable investments

有益的建议profitable advice

9.benefit n. / v. beneficial

adj.

从中获益(n.)

draw / gain benefit from… = draw / gain

profit from…

对...有益的(n.)

be of benefit to sb / sth = be beneficial to

sb / sth = be profitable to sb / sth

为了某人的利益(n.)

for the benefit of sb = for the sake of sb

有益于某人、某事，对某人、某事有益(v.)benefit sb / sth

从...获益(v.)

benefit from / by... = profit from / by...

有益的建议

beneficial advice = profitable advice

10.prove v. proof n.

●可以做实义动词

向某人证明某事

prove sth to sb

可以用于主谓宾宾补的结构，即SVOC

(形容词或者名词可做宾补)

他们证实自己机智、勇敢。

They proved themselves wise and brave.

她证实自己是个能干的秘书。

She proved herself a capable secretary.

事实证明…Facts prove that…

…已证明It has been proved that…

●可以做联系动词

某人、某事（被）证明…

sb / sth prove (to be) + adj. / n.

孙桥现代农业开发区已被证明是中国发展最快的地区之一。(prove)

Sunqiao Modern Agriculture

Development Zone has proved to be one

of the fastest areas in China.

11.develop v. developing

adj. developed adj.

development n.

随着科技的发展(v.)

as science and technology develops =

with the development of science and

technology

发展重工业(v.)develop heavy industry

一个发展中、发达国家

a developing / developed country

身心发育

develop mentally and physically

开发自然资源

develop natural resources = exploit

natural resources

培养一个兴趣爱好、对…的良好态

度、…的习惯、对…的兴趣

develop a hobby / a good attitude to… / a

habit of… / an interest in sth

研制新药develop a new drug

冲洗一卷胶卷develop a film

12.regard n. / vt.

关于(n.)

with regard to / in = regarding

代我向你的父母问好(n.)

give my best regards to your parents =

remember me to your parents

认为某人、某事…，把某人、某事看作…

(v.)

regard sb / sth as…= consider sb / sth as /

to be…= treat sb / sth as…= view sb /

sth as… = think of sb / sth as… = look on

sb / sth as…

认为务农是无聊的、落后的(v.)

regard farming as boring and backward

这里as后面跟形容词可以认为是省略

了being，同词组far from satisfactory /

perfect

有些后接形容词作宾语的介词短语已经构成固定搭配，如：

for certain / sure有把握，肯定地

for short 为了简短，简称

in brief / short 简言之，简单地说：

in full 完全地，完整地

in general 总的说来；大多数

in private 私下地，秘密地

13.farm n. / v. farmer n.

farming n. 务农，种地

在农场on the farm

在校园里on campus

农民们正在农场里忙于收割庄稼。(get

in)

The farmers are busy getting in the crops

on their farms.

14.change n. / v. changeable

adj.

改变主意(v.)change one’s mind

变成、把…变成(v.)

change into …, change sth into…

变得更好(v.)

change for the better

让我们换个话题吧。(v.)

Let’s change the subject.

把A换成B (v.)

change A for B = exchange A for B

语言随着时代的变化而变化。(v.)

Languages change with the times.

改变一下(n.)for a change

换个口味去看看农村(n.)

see a bit of countryside for a change

给您找零。(n.)Here is the change.

易变的天气changeable weather

15.colour n. / v. colourful

adj. 颜色鲜艳的；色彩缤纷的coloured adj. 彩色的

改变颜色(n.)change colour

许多水果成熟时都会变颜色。(n.)

Many fruits change colour as they

become ripe.

那些照片是彩色的还是黑白的？(n.)

Are the photos in colour or black and

white?

一台彩色电(n.)a colour TV

暗色、深色(n.)dark colours

浅色(n.)light / pale colours

16.zone n.

时区、战区、危险区域、经济区

a time / war / danger / an economic zone

17.tradition n. traditional

adj.

根据传统by tradition

18.nature n. natural

adj.

保持、扰乱、破坏、恢复自然界的平衡

(n.)

keep / upset (disturb) / destroy / restore

the balance of nature

违背自然against nature

人定胜天。Man can conquer nature.

人性human nature

自然资源natural resources

自然美natural beauty 19.nourish vt.

这些植物仅靠水和化肥的混合物来滋

养。

The plants are nourished only by a

mixture of water and fertilizer.

健康且营养良好的孩子们

healthy well-nourished children

我们学校的目标是要培养人文见长全

面发展的学生。

Our school’s aim is to nourish a student

with humanity and all-around

development.

20.fertile adj. fertilizer n.

肥沃的土地fertile land

富有…be fertile in …= be rich in …

他总是有新计划。

He is always fertile in new plans.

丰富的想象力

fertile / rich / vivid / lively imagination 21.experiment n. / vi.

在某人、某物上做实验(n. / v.)

do / make / conduct / try / perform / carry

out an experiment on sb / sth =

experiment on sb / sth

用…做实验(v.)

experiment with…

22.facility n.

孙桥既是一个实验研究场所又是一个

企业。

Sunqiao is both an experimental research

facility and a business enterprise.

饭店有极好的休闲设施。

The hotel has excellent leisure facilities.

(表示“设施”时通常用复数)

23.technique n. technology

n.

农业的技术方法farming techniques

写作方法writing techniques

科学技术（科技）science and technology 24.chemical adj. / n. chemistry

n. chemist n.

人造的化学物质man-made chemicals

化工厂a chemical factory / plant

去药店go to the chemist’s