关于新型防火材料在室内装修中的应用的探析中英文对照

关于新型防火材料在室内装修中的应用的探析中英

文对照

About the new fire-proof material application in indoor decoration analysis contrast in both Chinese

and English

一、新型防火材料的概述

One, the overview of new fire protection material

当前社会中，室内中最常用的防火材料具有三种，有机防火材料；喷射防火材料；硅酸钙防火板材料。

In current society, has three kinds of commonly used in the indoor fire prevention materials, organic fireproof materials; Jet fire prevention materials; Calcium silicate material fire prevention board.

有机防火材料主要用于室内设计的顶棚以及墙壁设计中；与传统的防火材料相比，有机防火材料具有一系列的优越性，它耐高温、耐热以及稳定性较好，小火中很难变形；氧指数以及阻燃性保证了建筑在遇到火灾时很难燃烧；烟雾发起较低，在大火中只能发出很少的烟雾，这样可以保护火灾现场人们的生命安全。

Organic fireproof material is mainly used for ceiling and wall in the design of interior design; Compared with the traditional fire materials, organic fire-proof material has a series of advantages, it has good high temperature resistance, good thermal endurance and stability, small fire difficult to deformation; Oxygen index and flame retardancy to ensure the construction is difficult to burn in fire; Smoke is low, only have very little smoke in the fire, so that can protect the scene of the fire life safety of people.

喷射防火材料在我国还并没有大量的使用。这种防火材料就是喷射到建筑上对建筑加以防火保护的材料，这种材料主要具有不产烟、无机纤维不燃烧、质量轻以及吸声和高效隔热的特点；当前社会的喷射防火材料已经被广泛用于建筑中的隔热、防火和吸声。经过国家建筑材料监督检测中心的检验，其性能已经达到了国外同类产品的水平。

Jet fire prevention materials and don't have a lot of use in our country. The fireproof material is sprayed onto the construction on building fire protection materials, the materials mainly have don't produce smoke, inorganic fiber combustion, the quality of light and sound absorption and the

characteristics of high efficient heat insulation; The current social jet fire protection material has been widely used in heat insulation, fireproofing and sound absorption in construction. Supervision by national building materials test center testing, its performance has reached the level of similar foreign products.

我国的A级不然材料中就包括硅酸钙新型防火板材料，这种材料安装灵活，具有优异的防火隔热功能，施工的速度尤其在地下潮湿环境中更加突出。在水电站等消防系统中采用这种防火材料具有一定的优势，随着我国经济的发展和生活水平的提，这种材料的应用将更加普遍，这必然将会推动新型防火材料更快发展。总的来说，新型防火材料在我们的生活中不仅仅更广泛地使用，而且改善了我们的城市建设水平。可以说新型防火材料广泛使用的社会前景十分广大并且值得我们研究和推广。

China's grade A or materials including calcium silicate in new fire prevention board material, flexible installation, this material has excellent fireproof heat insulation function, especially in the underground construction speed and wet environments become more prominent. Such as fire control system in hydropower station adopts the fire-proof material has certain advantages, with the development of our country's economy and living standards, the application of the material will become more common, this will surely promote the new fire protection materials faster development. Overall, new fire prevention materials is more widely used not only in our life, and improved the level of our urban construction. Can say new fire prevention materials widely used social prospect is very broad and worthy of our study and promotion.

二、防火材料对室内装修的必要性

Second, the necessity of fire prevention materials for interior decoration

如果室内装修中使用的是可燃的材料。在密闭的空间里发生火灾，这种材料就会成为新的燃烧源头。室内中的可燃装修材料在火灾中也容易起到爆燃的后果。主要是因为可燃装修材料热辐射的反馈可以导致室内容纳温度幅度上升，这样就降低了爆燃发生所需要的放热速度。当室内的可燃物品温度到达一定的程度就会造成火灾并且引起爆炸。同时，可燃装修材料在使用过程中会吸收热量并且积攒能量，这样就缩短了爆燃时间。最后，在火灾发生的时候燃烧产生的烟随着气流寄存在天花板的地方，使得天花板和墙壁被加热，如果这些被加热的地方使用的是可燃装修材料，就会加大火势的发展并且产生巨大影响。

If used in the interior decoration is a combustible material. In confined space fire, the material will become the new combustion sources. The charges of decoration materials in the interior also easy to have the consequences of deflagration in the fire. Mainly because of combustible material thermal feedback can lead to decorate indoor accommodate temperature rises, thus reducing the deflagration occurred exothermic speed you need. Flammable items when indoor temperature reaches a certain degree can cause fire and explosion hazard. At the same time, the combustible decoration materials in use process will absorb heat and store up energy, thus shortening the deflagration of time. Finally, at the time of the fire smoke from the burning of the air mail is the ceiling of the place, makes the ceiling and wall is heated, if these are heated using the combustible decorate material, will increase the development of the fire and have a huge impact.

三、室内中常用的防火材料分析

Three, that is commonly used in indoor fire-proof material analysis

（一）难燃胶合板

(a) flame retardant plywood

在室内装修中使用最多的就是木质材料，难燃胶合板就是这些木质材料之一，它是有木头切成板块或者用木方造成薄薄的木头，通过对单板进行阻燃处理，并且用胶黏剂粘合成为三成以上的板材。通常都是奇数层块板材，相邻的单板纤方向互相垂直。生产过程中加工精细使得结构较为合理，这样不仅克服了普通的胶合板易燃的缺点，提高板材的阻热性能；而且克服了普通木材的缺陷并且提高了木材的物理学性能。难燃胶合板主要分为四类：一类是能在冷水中浸泡和短时间内用热水浸泡的耐水难燃胶合板；一类是具有耐高温、耐久并且能够整齐处理的耐沸水、耐气候的难燃胶合板；三类是能在冷水中短时间浸泡在耐潮难燃胶合板，主要适用于室内常温下的家具和一般的建筑所用；四类是主要在室内常态下使用的不耐潮难燃胶合板。

Most used in indoor decoration is the woodiness material, flame retardant plywood is one of the wooden material, it is the wood cut into thin plate or wood square result in of, through the study of the flame retardant of veneer processing, and bonding with adhesives become more than thirty percent of the plate. Usually an odd number of layer plates, the adjacent single fiber direction perpendicular to each other. Fine processing production process makes structure more reasonable, this not only overcomes the drawback of ordinary plywood flammable, improve the sheet resistance of the thermal performance; And overcomes the defect of ordinary wood and improve the physics properties of the wood. Flame retardant plywood is mainly divided into four kinds: one kind is can soak in cold water with hot water and short time soaking ShuiNan burning resistant plywood; Category is a neat high temperature resistant, durable and able to handle the resistance to boiling water and climate of flame retardant plywood; Three is can short time in cold water soak in moisture resistant flame retardant plywood, mainly is suitable for the furniture in room temperature and general construction; Four class is mainly used in normal indoor moisture resistant flame retardant plywood.

（二）硅酸钙板

(2) the calcium silicate board

在室内装修使用最多的是无级不然材料，硅酸钙板就是这种材料之一。它主要是由硅质和钙质材料所构成，经过制浆、成型、蒸氧、烘干以及砂光等工序制成的一直新型板材，特点是高强、质量轻、耐水、防火、隔热、不变形、隔音、加工性能好、避免破裂及绿色环保等，它主要广泛应用与公共建筑以及高层的防火吊顶板、隔墙板、风道、防火门以及船舱隔舱等。

Most used in indoor decoration is stepless or material, calcium silicate board is one of the material. It is mainly made up of siliceous and calcareous materials, pulp, molding, drying, steaming oxygen and sanding process has been made of the new board, is characterized by high strength, light quality, water proof, fire prevention, insulation, deformation, sound insulation, good processing performance, avoid rupture and green environmental protection, etc., it is mainly applied to public buildings and top fireproof ceiling board, partition panel, air duct, fire doors and bulkhead cabin, etc.

（三）酚醛泡沫材料

(3) the phenolic foam

酚醛泡沫主要是运用了误服的发泡技术，发泡剂不适用氟利昂，这种技术有利于保护地球的臭氧层，在它的生产过程中也不需要加入任何有害物质。这种材料具有优秀的防潮、防火、隔热以及保温功能，同时材料中没有毒害物质、体量轻、抗压能力好、隔音吸音效果好。这种材料广泛应用与石化工程、建筑工程、航空航天、热力工程和车船等领域。酚醛泡沫中的绝热材料具有较高的阻燃性能，主要表现为发烟度低、氧气指数高、绝热性能较高、耐高温。同时，能够更好阻止火焰扩散。

Phenolic foam is mainly used by foaming technology and blowing agent shall not apply to the freon, this technology is helpful to protect the earth's ozone layer, in the process of its production don't need to add any harmful substances. This material has the good moistureproof, fire prevention, insulation and heat preservation function, no toxic substances in the materials at the same time, light mass, compressive ability is good, sound insulation, sound-absorbing the effect is good. This material is widely used in petrochemical engineering, construction engineering, aerospace, thermal engineering and transport and other fields. Of phenolic foam insulation materials with high performance of flame retardant, mainly for low smoke, high oxygen index, heat insulation, high temperature resistant performance is high. At the same time, better able to stop the spread of the flame.

（四）复合高强防火板

(4) composite high strength of fire prevention board

复合高强防火板采用不均质夹芯结构，这种板材是最新的专利技术。凝胶剂主要采用氧化镁并且配以特殊的凝固方法，以及多元改性的材料，这种材料克服了氧化镁凝胶材料交反卤的问题。芯层中采用隔音、保温、防火、隔热功能的高强耐火骨料，并且利用耐火纤维网络部来增加各层间的强度。当室内发生火灾的时候，这种板材自身可以被燃烧结合为一体，防止塌陷，并且有效阻隔了火焰的汹涌蔓延，加上不均质材料的土属性，延缓了高温的传导。所以，这种板材具有硅酸钙板、石膏板材、水密纤维板材等板材所不具备的特殊防火性能。

Composite high strength heterogeneity sandwich structure is used in fire prevention board sheet this is the latest patented technology. Gels mainly adopts magnesium oxide and match with special solidification method, and the multiple modification of material, this material overcomes the

magnesium oxide gel in the halogen. In the core layer function of sound insulation, thermal insulation, fire prevention, heat insulation, high strength refractory aggregate, and using of refractory fiber networks to increase the strength between the layers. When the indoor fires, combustion can be combined as a whole, this plank itself to prevent collapse, and effectively block the spread of turbulent flame, and the heterogeneity of soil material properties, delay the conduction of the high temperature. So, this kind of plate with calcium silicate board, gypsum board, watertight fiber board, etc what board does not have special fire prevention performance.

（五）防火涂料

Fire retardant coating (5)

防火涂料主要具有阻燃和隔热的功能，衣服在材料表面，能够有效的延缓火势的发展并且组织火焰的蔓延，可以起到保护基础材料的作用。从1837年开始研制出第一种防火涂料的配方开始，这种涂料不仅开始不断的发展而且在性能上可在不断的改善。同时随着人们对防火材料性能的要求以及阻燃技术的不断发展，膨胀性防火材料以及保护室内结构的庞章防火材料也在不断发展。

Main fire retardant coating has the function of flame retardant and heat insulation clothing in material surface, can effectively delay the development of fire and to prevent the spread of flame, can protect the base material. Starting in 1837 developed the first kind of formula of fire retardant coating, the coating not only began to constantly development and in the continuous improvement in performance. At the same time as people demand for fireproof material performance and the development of flame retardant technology, dilatability PangZhang fire prevention of the fire-resistant material and protect indoor structure material also in constant development.

（六）防火阻燃地板

(6) fire retardant floor

防火阻燃地板采用了低污染、低毒、耐流失、阻燃效果持久、防腐、防虫、防潮、尺寸稳定等多种功能的阻燃性胶合剂。这种新型材料可以冲淡可燃气体并且使之不燃烧，更可以隔绝空气火源从而改变木材的热裂解，达到控制板材燃烧。此地板，还是用了一种光泽度和透明度极佳的装饰纸--由防火平衡层和三聚氰胺浸渍过。这种装饰纸的特点具有：耐高温性、耐磨性、耐水性、耐撞击性、耐火焰性、耐溶剂型、耐电弧性、电绝缘性等特点，保证了地板的耐火阻燃性能。

Fire retardant floor adopts the low pollution, low toxicity, erosion, flame retardant effect lasting, anticorrosion, insect resistance, moisture resistance, size stability and other functions the flame retardancy of cement. Can dilute combustible gas and the new material does not burn, can isolate air source and transform the thermal cracking of the wood, achieve control of plate burning. The floor, or use a kind of excellent gloss and transparency of the decorative paper, by the fire and melamine impregnated balance layer. The characteristics of decorative paper has: high temperature resistance, abrasion resistance, water resistance, impact resistance, flame resistance, solvent

resistance, arc resistance, electrical insulation and other characteristics, to ensure the fire flame retardant performance of the floor.

结语

conclusion

当前社会虽然防火材料种类繁多，但并不能满足实际性的需求。在我国经济高速发展的生活中，对防火材料的重视以及需求量越来越高。提高防火材料的质量、探索新的防火材料、降低成本，进一步集中我国力量、整合资源，为了推动我国的防火材料研究而努力，对于提高我国建筑生产中的质量水平具有理论和实际意义。

Current society although there are many different kinds of fireproof material, but it does not meet the actual demand. In our country economy high speed development of life, attention to fire prevention materials as well as the demand is higher and higher. Improve the quality of fireproof material, explore new fire protection materials, reduce cost, further concentrated power, integration of resources in our country, in order to promote our country fire prevention materials research and efforts, for improving the standard of construction quality in production in our country has the theoretical and practical significance.