人教版高中英语选修七Unit4- unit5 课文详解

选修七Unit4 A LETTER HOME一封家信

Dear Rosemary, 亲爱的罗斯玛丽：

Thanks for your letter, which took a fortnight to arrive. 谢谢你的来信，这封信两星期才到。It was wonderful to hear from you. 收到你的信真是太高兴了。I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况。因此，我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。

You asked about my high school. 你问起我的中学情况。Well, it's a bush school – the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. 噢，它是一所丛林学校——教室是用竹子搭起来的，屋顶是用茅草盖的。 It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track. 我只要沿着一条泥泞的小路步行几分钟就到学校了。

When I reach the school grounds there are lots of "good mornings" for me from the boys. 每当我走到学校操场的时候，迎接我的是男孩子们一片―早上好‖的声音。Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school.他们中许多人走了很长的路，有时候要走两个小时才能到学校。

There's no electricity or water and even no textbooks either! 这里没有电，也没有水，甚至连课本也没有！ I'm still trying to adapt to these conditions. 我还在努力适应这儿的生活条件。 However, one thing is for sure, I've become more imaginative in my teaching. 但是有一点是肯定的，我在教学中变得更富有想象力了。 Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiment s. 理科对我来说是最富挑战性的课，因为我的学生对做实验没有概念。In fact there is no equipment, and if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a bucket!实际上，根本没有设备。如果需要水，我还得从家里用水桶提过来！The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!有一天，我正给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了！The boys who had never come across （被理解，偶遇）anything like this before started jumping out of the Windows.

Come about 发生come out 出版come along 赶快一道去come to an end

Come into effect 生效come into existence 出现诞生come to a conclusion

男孩们以前从来没有见过这种情况，吓得都往窗外跳去。Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.

It’s a wonder that 令人惊奇的是

It’s no wonder that:no wonder that

Wonders will never cease. 无奇不有

Wonderful wondering 疑惑的觉得奇怪的

Be relevant to 与有关

有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。他们中的大多数人学完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。

To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference （起任何作用）to these boys' lives at all.说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。

Make no/little/much/not much difference 无影响

Tell the difference between

You asked whether I'm getting to know any local people. 你问我是否了解当地的老百姓。Well, that's actually quite difficult as I don't speak much of the local English dialect yet. 这实在是太难了，因为我还说不了几句当地人说的英语。But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did （do 替代i don’t like coffee, neither does my wife;恳求Do come to the party tonight.）visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 不过，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的学生汤贝的家。 It was my first visit to a remote（偏远的，be remote from; 遥远的，相差很大的, be remote from 与极不相同remotely remoteness） village. 这是我第一次到偏僻的村子里去。

We walked for two and a half hours to get there - first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后下一个陡坡，一直走到下面的山谷。

When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds （weed out 将...除去，weedy 瘦弱的）in her garden, started crying "ieee ieee".当我们到村庄的时候，汤贝的母亲齐亚克本来在园子里拔草，看到我们就―嗳矣，嗳矣‖地叫了起来。We shook hands with all the villagers. 我们同所有的村民都握了手。Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombe's.每个人看上去都是汤贝家的亲戚。

Tombe's father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out（复合结构）（伸出，醒目显眼）of the roof - this shows it is a man's house.

Stick out form 坚持要求某物stick to 坚持stick with 紧跟某人坚持stick together 团结在一起stick in one’s mind 铭记在心stick by 信守贯彻- down 写下

汤贝的父亲叫莫卡普，他把我们带到他的家里。这是一个低矮的竹屋，屋顶上伸出一簇茅草——它代表这间竹屋是男人住的。

The huts were round, not rectangular like the school buildings.屋子是圆的，不像学校那样是长方形的。There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through. 这里没有窗户，房门只够一个人进出。The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. 小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵子才能适应过来。Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. 地上摆放着一堆新鲜的草，还新做了一个平台，是供詹妮和我睡觉用的。Usually Kiak would sleep in her own hut, but that night she was going to share the platform with us. 通常齐亚克是睡在她自己的小屋里的，而那天晚上她要同我们一起睡在平台上。 Mukap and Tombe were to sleep on small beds in another part of the hut. 莫卡普和汤贝则睡在竹屋另一边的小床上。 There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut near the doorway. 在竹屋中间靠近房门的地方有一个火炉。The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. In the - of 被所拥有in - of sth 占有控制in charge of 主动in the charge of 被动possess possessive possessiveness

我所看到的仅有的家具是一把扫帚，几个锡盘和锡杯，还有两个罐子。

Outside Mukap was building a fire. 莫卡普在屋子外边生火。 Once the fire was going, he laid stones on it. 火着起来后，他往火里扔了几块石头。When hot, he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), corn and greens. 烧热以后，他把石头放在一个空油桶里，加上一些考考（红薯）、玉米和青菜， He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. 然后他用香蕉叶把这些蔬菜盖上，等着它们蒸熟。 I sniffed the food; it smelled delicious. 我用鼻子嗅，食物

闻起来很香。We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire. 我们在房里围着火炉坐下来吃东西。

I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate the conversation. 他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈。我很喜欢听他们谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。Luckily, Tombe could be our interpreter.幸好，汤贝能给我们当翻译。

Later, I noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.后来，我发现有一个锡罐子倒放在火炉的烤架上。After a short time Tombe threw it out of the doorway.过了一会儿，汤贝把它从门道里扔了出去。I was puzzled.我不懂为什么这么做。Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.汤贝告诉我说，罐子加热是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。

They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut.他们相信剩饭在夜晚会引来邪灵，所以要把食物放在罐子里烧干，再把罐子一起扔到屋外去。Otherwise （要不然）they don't waste anything.否则的话，他们是不会浪费任何东西的。

We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.第二天早晨，经过一番紧紧握手和道别之后，我们就离开了村庄。My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we climbed down the mountain towards home.我们爬下山回家，往回走的时候，我的腿部肌肉发痛，膝盖发抖。That evening I fell happily into bed.那天晚上我很开心，倒在床上就睡了。It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family.跟汤贝一家度过了一天，真是一种殊荣。

It's getting late and I have to prepare tomorrow's lessons and do some paperwork. Please write soon.天色很晚了，我还得准备明天的功课呢。请早日来信。 Love Jo 爱你的，乔

选修七Unit 4 THE WORLD'S MOST USEFUL GIFT CATALOGUE 世界上最有用的礼物清单

Would you like to donate an unusual gift?你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物？Then this is the catalogue for you.那么下面这份礼单供你参考吧。The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。 Contribute to contributor contributory 有贡献的起一定作用的

Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world's poorest and bring hope

for a better future to a community in need.从这份清单中选择一份确实有用的礼物，送给世界上最穷苦的人吧。给急需帮助的社区带去一份改善未来的希望吧。

In fact in use in case 以防in turn in vain 徒劳in hand 在手边在进行中in return in honor of in reality

When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person.你选购一项礼物时，我们都会给你提供一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。You can use the cards for any special occasion-weddings ,births, birthdays, Christmas or anniversaries, etc.这种卡片可以用在任何一种特殊的场合——结婚、出生、生日、圣诞节、周年纪念等。

Glance 短暂看look 动作see结果glare 恶狠狠注视stare 注意力集中地注视

Gifts礼物 Cost(AUD)价值（澳元）

A 20tree seedlings 20株树苗 $5

B A loan to set up women’s self-help group组建妇女自助会的贷款 $8

C Water supply for one person一个人的用水 $10

DTraining in vegetable gardening蔬菜园艺培训 $15

E Child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases预防六种儿童致命疾病的疫苗$20

F School books 学校用书$20

G Basic adult education 成人基础教育 $25

H Basic health-care services 基本保健服务 $30

I One year of primary schooling 小学一年的学费 $35

J A goat for a poor family 资助困难户一头羊 $40

K A family toilet 家用厕具 $50

L Water for a family 一个家庭的用水 $65

M A loan to set up a small business 建一家小型企业的贷款 $85

N A sewing machine 一台缝纫机 $100

O Family nutritional supplements 家用营养补品 $130

P Oxen for ploughing 耕牛 $180

Q A trunk library 箱式图书馆 $200

R Assistance for families headed by children 对遗孤家庭的扶助金 $300

S A community primary school 社区小学经费 $500

T Village tractor 村庄拖拉机 $1000

U A well and water pump 水井和水泵 $1350 To致_______

To let you know that I am thinking of you, I have purchased a gift from the

World’s Most Useful Gift Catalogue for you to give to some of the world’s poorest. 为了让你知道我在想着你们，特从―世界上最有用的礼物清单‖中购得一份礼物，请你转送给世界上最穷苦的人。

This gift will train a whole village of around 40 families in India, Kenya, or Bangladesh in new agricultural methods, and provide seeds and simple agricultural equipment.这份礼物给印度、肯尼亚或孟加拉国约40户人口的村庄，对他们进行新的农业生产方法的培训，并提供种子和简单的农业机械。

Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.仅仅提高20%的产量就意味着会对人的患病与健康、家庭饥饿与自足产生影响。 From 来自______

9.选修七Unit 5 Keep it up, Xie Lei再接再厉，谢蕾

Keep up with sb 跟上某人某物keep out 挡住keep watch 值班守望- back 扣住隐瞒不讲keep to oneself 守口如瓶

Chinese student fitting in well中国学生适应能力强

Fit sb./sth for 使某人物适合be fit to do fit on 试穿大小、形状合适

Suit 合乎需要、口味、性格、地位等

Match 匹配

Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded a plane for London.

Say good journey to sb. 祝旅途愉快

Send one’s wish to 替某人向问好:Give one’s regards/respects to sb remember me to sb

六个月前，谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了前往伦敦的飞机。It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。

It is high/about time for sb. To do 到该做某事的时间了

It is the first / second ... Time that sb has done...

"After getting my visa I was very excited because I had dreamed of this day for so long. ―拿到签证后我很激动，因为我很久以前就梦想着能有这么一天，But I was also very nervous as I didn't know what to expect," 但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。

Xie Lei told me when I saw her waiting in a queue at the student cafeteria between lectures.课间休息时我在学生餐厅碰到正排队的谢蕾，她告诉我说. - up for sth.

Jump the/a - 插队- jumper 插队者- on排队plz Qup请排队Q与-同音

Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification.谢蕾今年21岁，来我们大学上学，希望获得工商管理资格证书。She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.大多数外籍学生在申请学位课程之前都要学习一年预科，而谢蕾已经读完半年了。Xie Lei highly recommends it.她非常看重预科课程。"The preparation course is most beneficial," she said. "Studying here is quite different from studying in China, so you need some preparation first."她说：―预科课程非常有益。在这儿学习跟在中国学习是相当不同的。你必须事前做些准备。"It's not just study that's difficult. ―困难不仅仅只在学习方面，

You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up（占去时间精力，继续，开始做某事接受） all your concentration in the beginning,"

Take apart 拆开-back 收回- down - ...for granted - out 拔出- in 吸收理解领会包含欺骗- off 成名-over 接管- on呈现雇佣- away 带走- part in -... Into account/consideration 你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部精力，‖ explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China.谢蕾解释说。她在中国时一直居住在同一座城市。She told me that she had had to learn almost everything again.她还告诉我，几乎每件事她都得重新学习。"Sometimes I felt like a child," she said.她说：―有时候我觉得自己像个小孩似的，

"I had to learn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare, and how to ask a shopkeeper for things I didn't know the English for.我得学习如何使用电话，乘公交车时该怎样付款，在商店买东西时如果不知道商品的英文名字时，又怎样问店主。When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions, I didn't always understand.当我迷路不得不向过路人问路时，经常听不懂他们说的话。They don't talk like they do on our listening tapes," she said, laughing.他们说的话不像我们在听力磁带上听到的那样，‖谢蕾说着笑了。

Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice. 谢蕾同房东一家人住在一起，他们给了她许多建议。

Although some foreign students live in student accommodation or apartments, some choose to board with English families. 虽然有些外国学生住在学生宿舍或公寓房里，但是有些学生选择寄宿在英国人的家中。

Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to le arn more about the new culture. 有的房东家也许会住着其他大学生，跟这样的人家住在一起会给她提供机会，更好地了解新的文化。

"When I hear an idiom that I don't understand, I can ask my host family for help," explains Xie Lei . ―当我听到我不理解的成语时，我可以向房东家里的人请教，‖谢蕾解释说。 "Also, when I miss my family, it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with." ―还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。‖

Xie Lei's preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic requirements of a Weste rn university. 谢蕾的预科课程帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。"I remember the first essay I did for my tutor," she told me. 她对我说：―我还记得我交给导师的第一篇论文。

"I found an article on the Internet that seemed to have exactly the information I needed. 我在网上找到一篇文章，看来跟我所需要的信息恰好一样。 So I made a summary of the article, revised my draft and handed the essay in. 于是我就那篇论文写了一篇小结性的文章，修改了草稿，然后交给了导师。

I thought I would get a really good mark but I got an E. 我原以为我会得到高分的，结果只得了一个E。 I was numb with shock! 我非常吃惊！So I went to my tutor to ask the reason for his revision. 于是去找导师理论，想换个分数。 First of all, he told me, I couldn't write what other people had said without acknowledging them.他告诉我说，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing. 此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did. 他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。这倒把我弄糊涂了，因为该文作者所知道的比我多得多。

My tutor explained that I should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions

and analyse what I read. 导师给我解释说，我得阅读大量的、有关不同观点的文章，并进行分析。

Then, in my essay, I should give my own opinion and explain it by referring to other authors. 然后，在我的论文中，我得表明我自己的观点，并且引用别的作者的观点来说明为什么我相信我的观点。 Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors I'd read! 最后，他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点！

At first I lacked （for lack of 因缺乏...，have no lack of 不缺... ，be lacking in 缺乏

A lack of 缺乏，lack for nothing一无所缺shortage lacking a.）confidence, but now I'm beginning to get the idea and my marks have improved. More important ly, I am now a more autonomous learner."起初，我缺乏信心这样做，而现在我开始懂得了，我的分数也已经有所提高了。更重要的是，我现在是一个自主学习者。‖

Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home（feel at home 无拘束make oneself at home 别拘束feel free to do ） in England now, and what had seemed

very strange before now appears quite normal.谢蕾告诉我说，现在她在英国感到自在多了。以前看似很奇怪的事，如今觉得似乎很正常了。"I've just got one more thing to achieve. ―我还有一件事要做，I have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去参与社会活动。

I think it's important to have a balance between study and a social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs.我认为在学习与社会生活之间的平衡也是很重要的，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部，Hopefully（=in a hopeful way/ it is to be hoped） I'll make some new friends."我希望会结识一些新朋友。‖

We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now, we wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise.关于谢蕾的进步，我们将在今后几期的报纸中做跟踪报道。同时我们衷心祝愿她学业有成。She deserves(to be worthy of) to succeed.她是应该取得成功的。 - to do - well/ill of sb. 某人应受好的坏的待遇

One good turn - another 以德报德return good for evil

10.选修七Unit 5 PERU秘鲁

Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America. 秘鲁是南美洲临太平洋海岸的一个国家。 It has three main geographical areas: 从地理上讲，秘鲁有三大地区：a narrow coastal belt; the Andes Mountains running parallel to the coast; and high, flat plains in the southeast. 狭长的临海地带，与海岸平行的安第斯山脉以及东南部地势较高的平原地区。In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. 在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。 Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle. 秘鲁有着多种多样的植物，从沙漠中的草到大片的丛林。

Once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy Inca Empire, much of South America was governed by Spain from the sixteenth century onwards. 秘鲁曾经是强盛而极为富裕的印加帝国的中心，从16世纪起，南美洲许多地区都是由西班牙统治的。 Peru finally gained its independence from Spain in 1821. 秘鲁最终于1821年脱离西班牙而独立。 The capital of Peru is Lima, which is in the north on the coast. 秘鲁的首都是利马，位于北部的临海地区。The ancient Inca capital, Cuzco, is found high in the Andes. 人们发现古印加帝国的首都库斯科位于安第斯的高山之上。 It is a popular tourist destination as it is close to the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu. 这儿是旅游的热点，因为它离马丘比丘城著名的印加遗址很近。Cuzco is a lively city with many hotels and inns, where both Indian and Spanish culture and art ca n be seen. 库斯科有许多旅店和酒吧，是一座富有活力的城市，在那儿你可以看到印第安和西班牙的文化艺术。

Ruin 经过长时间的侵蚀而毁坏

Destroy 彻底破坏

Damage 部分破坏价值或功能受损

1. Why is Cuzco popular with tourists?为什么库斯科是旅游人士喜欢去的地方？

2. What is special about Lake Titicaca?的的喀喀湖有什么特色？

3. What do you think the two official languages of Peru are?你认为秘鲁有哪两种官方语言？ TRAVEL PERU秘鲁旅游

Peru offers a variety of experiences from ancient ruins and centuries-old Spanish villages to thick forests, high mountains and desert coastline. 秘鲁提供丰富的旅游资源，从古代的遗址、具有数百年历史的西班牙式的村庄，到茂密的森林、耸立的高山和临海的沙漠TRAVEL PERU offers tours for all ages and tastes. ―秘鲁之旅‖为各种年龄和品位的人提供旅游服务。 Variable多变的various vary

The following tours are based at Cuzco, the site of the ancient capital of the Inca civilization.。下列旅游项目都是从库斯科出发，库斯科是印加文化的古都所在地。

跟随听从仿效理解倾听

- on 随之而来as follows 如下-- in one’s footsteps 效仿某人- one’s own nose 凭直觉行事-er 信徒

Tour 1旅游路线1

Experience the jungle and its diverse wildlife close up（靠拢关闭）. 体验丛林，近距离观赏种类繁多的野生生物。

During this four-day walking tour, you will be amazed by mountain scenery and the ancient ruins we pass on our hike. 在四天的徒步旅游中，山区的风景和步行途经的古代遗址将会令你叹为观止。

On the last day, we arrive at the ruins of Machu Picchu in time to see the sunrise over the Andes. 最后一天到达马丘比丘遗址，正好赶得上去安第斯山上观看日出。 Spend the day visiting the ruins of this ancient Inca city before catching the train back to Cuzco.白天参观古印加城的遗址，然后乘火车返回库斯科。

Tour 2旅游路线2

A full-day trip by road from Cuzco to Puno with fantastic views of the highland countryside. 全日乘车旅游，从库斯科到普诺，观赏高原乡村的秀丽景色。From Puno, we travel by boat across Lake Titicaca, stopping on the way at the floating islands of the Uros people. 再从普诺乘船穿过的的喀喀湖，半途停歇在乌罗族人的浮岛上。These floating islands and the Uros Indian's houses are made of the water plants that grow in the lake. 这些浮岛和乌罗印第安人的房子都是用湖里的水草做成的。

A full-day stay with a local family gives you an opportunity to learn more about their life. 有一整天的时间待在当地居民的家里，这样你会有机会更多地了解他们的生活。Return to Puno on the fourth day for your flight back to Lima. 第四天返回普诺，再乘飞机返回利马。

Tour 3旅游路线3

Spend four days high in the-Andes at Cuzco. 在库斯科的安第斯高山上玩四天， Learn about its history and visit the museums.了解它的历史，参观博物馆。Admire the Spanish architecture, enjoy some excellent Spanish cuisine and take some time to bargain for some souvenirs at the colourful markets. 观赏西班牙式的建筑，品尝西班牙美味，好好逛逛五颜六色的市场，花些时间讨价还价买点纪念品。 Take the train up to Machu Picchu for a guided tour of the ruins and the royal tomb of the Inca king. 乘火车去马丘比丘，由导游陪同去参观遗址和印加国王的皇家墓地。

Tour 4旅游路线4

A short flight from Cuzco takes you from the Andes into the lowlands of the Amazon Jungle. 从库斯科乘飞机作短途飞行，从安第斯山到亚马孙河丛林的低地。 From here you'll travel by boat to your accommodation in a forest reserve, which holds the record for the most bird sightings in one area. 从这里可以乘船到森林保护区的接待站。这个护林区保持着一项观鸟记录，即在一个地区可以看到最多的鸟类。 From the guesthouse you can explore the jungle in the company of a local guide. 你还可以在当地导游的陪同下，从接待站出发去丛林探险。