夏徛荣 基础 词汇 真题

(1)A deal is a deal —except,apparently,when Entergy is involved.

The company,a major energy supplier in New England,provoked

justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was

reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear

regulations.

(2)Instead,the company has done precisely what it had long

promised it would not:challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court,as part of a desperate effort to keep its

Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.It’s a stunning move.

(3)The conflict has been surfacing since 2002,when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant,an aging reactor in Vernon.As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale,the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 2012.In 2006,the state went a step further,requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval.Then,too,the company went along.

(4)Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments,or it simply didn’t foresee what would happen next.A string of accidents,including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 2007and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage,raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee’s safety and Entergy’s management —especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe.Enraged by Entergy’s behavior,the Vermont Senate voted 26to 4last year against allowing an extension.

(5)Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002agreement is invalid because of the 2006legislation,and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.The legal issues in the case are obscure:whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power,legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.Certainly,there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules.But had Entergy kept its word,that debate would be beside the point.

(6)The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has noting left to lose by going to war with the state.But there should be consequences.Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust.Entergy runs 11other reactors in the United States,including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth.Pledging to run Pilgrim safely,the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20years.But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)reviews the company’s application,it should keep it mind what promises from Entergy are worth.26.The phrase “reneging on”(Line 3.para.1)is closest in meaning to

[A]condemning.

[B]reaffirming.

[C]dishonoring.

[D]securing.

27.By entering into the 2002agreement,Entergy intended to

[A]obtain protection from Vermont regulators.Text

S ource:2012年第3篇KEYS ：CDADA

[B]seek favor from the federal legislature.

[C]acquire an extension of its business license .

[D]get permission to purchase a power plant.

28.According to Paragraph 4,Entergy seems to have problems with its

[A]managerial practices.

[B]technical innovativeness.

[C]financial goals.

[D]business vision

29.In the author’s view,the Vermont case will test

[A]Entergy’s capacity to fulfill all its promises.

[B]the mature of states’patchwork regulations.

[C]the federal authority over nuclear issues.

[D]the limits of states’power over nuclear issues.

30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

[A]Entergy’s business elsewhere might be affected.

[B]the authority of the NRC will be defied.

[C]Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth application.

[D]Vermont’s reputation might be damaged.

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******************************************************Para.1

to provoke:[pr?'v??k]vt.激怒；惹起；驱使

to justify:['d V st ?fa ?]vt.替...辩护；证明...正当

outrage:['a ?tre ?d ?]n.暴行；愤怒；义愤vt.凌辱；激怒

to renege on*:[r ?'ni ?ɡ?n]v.背信；违约

longstanding:[9l ??'st?nd ??]a.(已持续)长时间的；为时甚久的

commitment:[k?'m ?tm?nt]n.承诺；保证；信奉；献身

to abide by:[?'ba ?d ba ?]v.遵守；忍受；坚持

regulation:[9re ɡju'le ??n]n.管理；规章；规则

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precisely:[pr ?'sa ?sli]adv.精确地

to challenge:['t ??l ?nd ?]n.v.挑战；邀请比赛；盘问；质疑

constitutionality:[9k ?nst ?9tju ???'n?l?t ?]n.合宪性

desperate:['desp?r?t]adj.绝望的；不顾一切的；极其想要的

stunning:['st ?n ??]adj.令人震惊的；<口>极好的；极漂亮的

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词汇通解

conflict:['k?nfl?kt]n.v.冲突；战斗；矛盾；斗争

to surface:['s??f?s]n.表面；外表；平面adj.表面的；肤浅的vi.浮到水面；显露aging:['e?d???]adj.老化(时效；迟滞)的

reactor:[ri'?kt?(r)]n.反应者；反应堆

approval:[?'pru?vl]n.同意；批准；认可；赞同

regulator:['reɡjule?t?(r)]n.调整者；调整器

extension:[?k'sten?n]n.延长；伸展；延期；扩充

license:['la?sns]n.许可证；执照；特许

subject to:['s?bd??kt]n.话题；科目；主题；主观；[语]主语；实验对象；(君主国)国民adj.易患的；服从的vt.使服从；使隶属；使遭遇

legislature:['led??sle?t??(r)]n.立法机关

to go along:[ɡ???'l??]遵从

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Para.4

to live by:[l?v ba?]遵从

to foresee:[f??'si?]v.预见；预知

a string of:[str??]一系列

collapse:[k?'l?ps]v.n.倒塌；崩溃；瓦解；折叠

leakage:['li?k?d?]n.泄漏

misleading:[9m?s'li?d??]adj.令人误解的；引入歧途的

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Para.5

invalid:[?n'v?l?d]adj.无效的；病弱的

obscure:[?b'skj??(r)]adj.难解的；不著名的；微暗的

precedent-setting:['pres?d?nt'set??]提供先例

patchwork:['p?t?w??k]n.修补工作；拼凑的东西；混杂物

valid:['v?l?d]adj.有效的；有根据的；合法的；正当的

to keep one’s word:[ki?p w?ns w??d]遵守诺言

beside the point:[b?'sa?de?p??nt]无关

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Para.6

to go to war with:[ɡ??t?w??(r)w?e]展开战斗

consequence:['k?ns?kw?ns]n.结果；后果；重要性；影响

to pledge:[pled?]vt.发誓；保证

to review:[r?'vju?]vt.检阅；评论；温习

to keep in mind:[ki?p?n ma?nd]牢记

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【问题中】

to condemning:[k?n'dem??]vt.谴责；判刑

to reaffirm:[9ri ??'f ??m ]vt.重申；再确认

to dishonor:[d ?s'?n?]vt.侮辱；使...蒙羞；拒付(支票、汇票、票据等)

to secure:[s ?'kj ??(r)]vt.使安全；获得；固定

innovativeness:['?n?ve ?t ?vnis]n.创新性；革新性

vision:['v ??n]n.视力；视觉；幻觉；眼光；洞察力；想象力

to defy:[d ?'fa ?]vt.藐视；挑衅；反抗

to withdraw:[w ?e'dr ??]vt.撤回；取回；撤退；提款

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Para.1①一言九鼎，但安特吉公司（Entergy）显然是个例外。②这家公

司是新英格兰地区的主要能源供应商。当它上周宣布将违背“遵守严格

的核安全规定”这一长期承诺时，在佛蒙特州引起了愤怒。

******************************************************Para.2①然而，公司正在做出它过去一直承诺不会做出的事情：在联邦

法院挑战佛蒙特州法规的合宪性。这是它使其佛蒙特杨基（Yankee）能

够继续运营而做出的拼死一搏的一部分。这真是一个惊世骇俗之举。

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Para.3①冲突自2002年起就浮出了水面。当时，该公司购买了佛蒙特州仅有的一所核电厂（位于佛侬的一个日益老化的反应堆）。②作为获得佛州批准这项购买的条件，公司当同意，在2012年以后的营运许可证必须向州立监管部门申请。③2006年，佛州进一步采取措施，要求核电站执照的延期必须经由佛州立法部门的审批。④当时，公司也照着做了。

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Para.4①或许是Entergy 公司从来就没有真正打算遵守这些承诺，或许只是它没有预测到接下来会发生的状况。②一连串的事故（包括2007年冷却塔的局部垮塌，以及发现地下管道系统泄露），使人们对佛蒙特杨基核电站的安全以及对公司的管理产生了严重质疑。尤其是当公司在对管道（泄露问题）做出了误导性的申明之后尤其如此。③由于被Entergy 公司的行为激怒了，佛蒙特州的参议院以26票对4票否决了Entergy 公司的一个延期申请。

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Para.5①如今，公司突然宣称，因为2006年新颁布了法案，2002年的协定无效，并且只有联邦政府才有对核问题制定规章的权利。②此案件中的法律问题尚模糊不清：虽然最高法院已经规定各州对核电厂的确有某些管理权，但法律学者认为，佛州案件将会对“州政府的权限”提供一个先例。③当然，如果各州都制定自己的规则，那么就会产生补丁式法规，人们有理由为此担心。④然而，假若Entergy 公司要是遵守诺言，那种争议也就与此无关了。

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Para.6①公司似乎已下定论：既然在佛州它已声名狼藉，与州政府打一场官司也不会在损失什么了。②但实际上肯定是要承担后果的。③公众出于信任，才允许核电站的运转。④Entergy 公司在美国还经营着其他11个反应堆，其中包括位于普利茅斯的朝圣者（Pilgrim）核电站。⑤在保证Pilgrim 核电站安全运转的前提下，该公司已经向联邦政府申请了另外20年的经营许可权。⑥但是，当核管理委员会（NRC）在审查公司申请的时候，应该考虑Entergy 公司的诺言到底价值几许。

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