英语国家概况_谢福之主编课后练习

一、选择题（答案在下面）

I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.

The two main islands of the British Isles are .

A. Great Britain and Ireland

B. Great Britain and Scotland

C. Great Britain and Wales

D. Great Britain and England

is the capital city of Scotland.

A. Belfast

B. Edinburgh

C. Aberdeen

D. Cardiff

According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population

of over million.

A. 160

B. 600

C. 60

D. 16

Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is

the smallest.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

D. Northern Ireland

Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.

A. northeastern

B. southeastern

northwestern D. southwestern

English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.

A. Celtic

B. Indo-Iranian

C. Germanic

D. Roman

The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.

A. Danish and Finnish

B. Dutch and German

C. French and Italian

D. Latin and Greek

The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.

A. Norman

B. Dutch

C. German

D. Danish

Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .

A. grammar

B. handwriting

C. spelling

D. pronunciation

At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.

A. half

B. a quarter

C. one third

D. one fifth

The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.

A. Norman

B. Danish

C. Celtic

D. Germanic

By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.

A. Celtic Christianity

B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity

C. Germanic Christianity

D. Roman Christianity

Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .

A. St. Augustine

B. Edward the Confessor

C. William the Conqueror

D. Alfred the Great

The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.

A. Viking invasion

B. signing of the Magna Carta

C. Norman Conquest

D. Adoption of common

law

The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of

A. the House of Valois

B. the House of York

C. the House of Tudor

D. the House of Lancaster

The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .

A. divorce his wife

B. break with Rome

C. support the Protestants

D. declare his supreme power over the church

The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .

A. Protestants and Puritans

B. Royalists and Parliamentarians

C. nobles and peasants

D. aristocrats and Christians

was passed after the Glorious Revolution.

A. Bill of Rights

B. Act of Supremacy

C. Provisions of Oxford

D. Magna Carta

The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.

A. 17th

B. 18th

C. 19th

Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.

A. 17th

B. 18th

C. 19th

20th

The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the .

A. judiciary

B. legislature

C. monarchy

D. executive

The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .

A. passing the bills

B. advising the government

C. political parties

D. public attitude

As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.

A. rival

B. complement

C. criticize

D. inspect

British Cabinet works on the principle of .

A. collective responsibility

B. individual

responsibility

C. defending the collectivism

D. defending the individuals

The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .

A. make decisions

B. give advice

C. pass bills

D. supervise the Cabinet

In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.

A. three

B. four

C. five

D. six

has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.

A. Wales

B. England

C. Scotland

D. Northern Ireland

Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.

A. single-party

B. two-party

three-party D. multi-party

The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .

A. government intervention

B. nationalization of enterprises

C. social reform

D. a belief in

individualism

The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .

A. set up the National Health Service

B. improved public transportation

C. abolished the old tax system

D. enhanced the economic development

The British economy achieved global dominance by the .

A. 1860s

B. 1870s

C. 1880s

D.1890s

In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.

A. 1945

B. 1946

C. 1947

1948

The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.

A. oil crisis

B. high inflation rates

C. large imports

D. unemployment problem

Of the following practices, does not belong to

Thatcher’s social welfare reform.

A. reducing child benefits

B. shortening the unemployment benefits period

C. reducing the unemployment

D. lowering old age pensions

The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .

A. limiting government spending

B. keeping inflation under control

C. reducing unemployment

D. reducing inequality

Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.

A. 54%

B. 64%

C. 74%

D.84%

Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .

A. the North Sea

B. the English Channel

C. The sea area around Ireland

D. The sea area between Britain and Ireland

Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the

energy consumed in the country.

A. 1/3

B. 1/4

C. 1/5

D. 2/3

The car industry in Britain in mostly .

A. foreign-owned

B. state-owned

joint-venture D. privately-owned

Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.

A. agriculture

B. energy industry

C. service industry

D. manufacturing industry

In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .

A. 1930s

B. 1940s

C. 1950s

D. 1960s

About of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.

A. 5%

B. 6%

C. 7%

D. 8%

Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except .

A. tuition fees

B. loans

C. donations

D. corporate contributions

Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.

A. result in national entrance test

A-level result

C. an interview

D. school references

To be admitted to the Open University, one need .

A. some educational qualifications

B. no educational qualifications

C. General Certificate of Education-Advanced

General National Vocational Qualifications

Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers

are regarded as the “Big Three”with the exception of .

A. The Times

B. The Guardian

C. The Observer

D. The Daily Telegraph

Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by

the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.

A. feature

B. drama

C. documentary

D. soap opera

is Britain’s top pay television provider.

A. BSB

B. SkyTV

C. BBC

D. BSkyB

Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.

A. families getting together

B. friends exchanging good wishes

C. friends enjoying each other’s company

D. families traveling overseas

The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .

A. Trooping the Color

B. Queen’s Christmas message

C. Boxing Day

D. Christmas pantomime

The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .

A. poetry

B. drama

C. novel

D. pamphlet

is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”

A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”

B. Don Juan

C. “Preface to Lyrical Ballads”

Prometheus Unbound

Of Dickens’novels, is considered autobiographical.

A. A Tale of Two Cities

B. David Copperfield

C. Oliver Twist

D. Great Expectations

is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.

A. Robert Louis Stevenson

B. John Milton

C. Joseph Conrad

D. Thomas Hardy

Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.

A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.

B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.

C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.

D. Treasure Island was a representative work.

is NOT included in the modernist group.

A. Oscar Wild

B. Virginia Woolf

C. William Butler Yeats

D. T. S. Eliot

Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.

A. Jude the Obscure

B. Tess of the D’Urbervilles

C. Adam Bede

D. The Return of the Native

Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.

A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.

B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.

C. She was an influential feminist.

D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.

Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.

A. Samuel Beckett

B. James Joyce

C. William Golding

D. V. S. Naipaul

Waiting for Godot is written by .

A. Samuel Beckett

B. George Orwell

C. William Golding

D. D. H. Lawrence

The United States has states on the continent.

A. 50

B. 49

C. 48

D. 35

The state of is the largest in area of all the states.

A. Alaska

B. Hawaii

C. Texas

D. Florida

The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to

the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .

A. northern, east, west

B. central,

east, west

C. southern, west, east

D. western,

east, west

The largest river in the U. S. is .

A. the Missouri River

B. the Mississippi

River

C. the Ohio River

D. the Colorado

River

Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale

and MIT are located .

A. in the South

B. along the

Pacific Coast

C. in New England

D. in the Midwest

is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between

Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.

A. Yellowstone National Park

B. The Grand

Canyon

C. Niagara Falls

D. The Great Salt Lake

The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .

A. Indians

B. Eskimos

C. Aleuts

D. Blacks

The largest minority in the United States is the .

A. Pacific Islanders

B. Blacks

Native Americans D. Asians

The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from .

A. Europe

B. Asia

C. Africa

D. South America

The characteristic of dominant American culture is .

A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic

and middle-class

B. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and

upper-class

C. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and

upper-class

D. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and

middle-class

The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .

A. Jamestown, Louisiana

B. Boston, Massachusetts

C. Jamestown, Virginia

D. Plymouth, Georgia

Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England.

A. Protestants

B. Puritans

C. Catholics

D. Christians

The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .

A. French and American Indians

B. French and Spaniards

C. French and British

D. British and American Indians

“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .

A. the settlers of Virginia

B. the people of Pennsylvania

C. the colonists in New England

D. the people of the 13 colonies

The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .

A. Concord

B. Lexington

C. Philadelphia

D. Boston

In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.

A. the First Continental Congress

B. the Second Continental Congress

C. the Boston Tea Party

D. the Congress of Confederation

Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.

A. Declaration of Independence

Constitution

C. Emancipation Proclamation

D. Bill of Rights

The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.

A. neutrality

B. full involvement

C. partial involvement

D. appeasement

President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.

A. Wilson

B. Truman

C. Roosevelt

D. Kennedy

The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents .

A. Johnson, Nixon and Ford

B. Truman, Eisenhower and Kennedy

C. Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon

D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson

The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .

A. 1787

B. 1789

C. 1791

D. 1793

The Constitution of the United States .

A. gives the most power to Congress

B. gives the most power to the President

C. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others

D. gives the most power to the Supreme Court

The Bill of Rights .

A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President

B. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms

C. is part of the Declaration of Independence

D. has no relationship with the Constitution

The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.

A. freedom of religion

B. the right to get into people’s house by police

C. freedom of speech and of press

D. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes

All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.

A. the Senator

B. the Representative

C. the Secretary of State

D. the President

The following except are all powers of the President.

A. vetoing any bills passed by Congress

B. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur

C. making laws

D. issuing executive orders

According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .

A. at least 35 years old

B. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United States

C. born in America

D. all of the above

The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.

A. two, four

B. two, three

C. two, six

D. six, two

The Supreme Court is composed of justices.

A. six

B. seven

C. eight

nine

The President is directly voted into office by .

A. all citizens of America

B. the

citizens over 18 years old

C. electors elected by the voters

D. the senators and representatives

America produces a major portion of the world’s products

in the following fields except .

A. machinery

B. automobiles

C. ore

D. chemicals

The modern American economy progressed from to

, and eventually, to .

A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy

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