译林牛津高中英语模块一Unit1_学案

牛津高中英语模块一Unit1学案

Unit 1 School life

I. 难点剖析

[词汇点击]

Part A

A1 词语剖析

1．exciting

exciting : adj. 令人兴奋的, 使人激动的

excited: adj. 兴奋的：处于激动状态的；兴奋的；激昂的

excite: v. 刺激, 使兴奋, 使激动

1.It's so ＿＿＿＿ to skate in Pairs. Everyone skates so fast and shouts at the

top of his voice

在巴黎溜冰确实激动人心。每个人都在疾速运转，拼命尖叫。

2．she has many new ways to make her students ___________.

她总有很多新奇的方式使孩子激动不已。

3. A successful speaker knows how to _________ the crowd.

一个成功的演讲者懂得如何打动人群。

Key: exciting; excited; excite

2．experience

experience: [C] 经历,阅历

[U] 经验

v. .经验, 体验, 经历, 阅历

1. Experience teaches; experience does it.

经验给人教训；经验给人智慧。

2.Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young

man. 昨天下午,弗兰克.霍金斯给我讲述他年轻时的经历。

3.Some of the students had experienced what hardships meant before they entered

the university.有些大学生在进入大学之前体验过艰苦的生活。

[即刻点击]

1. Jumping out of _______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience. (NMET 2002, 26)

A. /; the

B. /; an

C. an ;an

D. the ;the

2. Some of the passengers told the reporters about their _____ in the burning train.

A. details

B. trips

C. events

D. experiences

Key: C; D

3. earn

earn v. 挣得，博得earnings: n. 所得收入

earn one’s living 自行谋生

1．The workers earned less money because they had to pay medical insurance.

因为工人要交医疗保险,所以他们赚得的钱就少了。

2．The old man earned his living as a fisherman.

这老人以捕鱼为生。

3．As we know, it’s his honesty that earned the admiration of his friends.

正如我们所知，正是他的诚实得到了朋友们的赞扬。

4．It’s said that a person's intelligence and abilities have a direct effect on his or her earnings.

一个人的收入与其智商及能力直接有关。

注意：earn , gain , win

earn 指为钱（或任何其他报酬）而工作，含有报酬是应得的含义。

win 指在竞争、战争、比赛中获胜，并可能由此得到奖赏。

gain指获得有用和需要的东西，常用于与钱没关系的场合。

1. He has________ a lot of money by working part-time job.

他通过做兼职，已经挣了好多钱。

2. He wants to ＿＿＿a trip to Europe in that competition, but he will be happy if he gets a new bicycle.

他想在那场比赛中得到一个去欧洲的旅游奖,但是如果他能得到一辆新自行车,他会非常高兴。

3. She ______ enough experience while working for the newspaper.

她在为那家报社工作期间取得了足够的经常。

Key: earned; win；gained

4.respect

n.(与of,for 连用)尊敬, 敬重；方面 respectful adj. 恭敬的, 尊敬的, 尊重人的, 有礼貌的

(pl.)敬意；问候 respectfully adv. 尊敬地, 谦恭地

in some/all/few/respects 在一些/所有/极少方面

vt. 尊敬, 尊重, 不防碍

1.We should show respect to those who are older. 我们应该尊敬长者。

2.The students have great respect for their history teacher. 学生们非常尊敬他

们的历史教师。

3.Please give me respects to your wife. 请代我向你太太问好。

4.Respect yourself, or no one else will. 人必自敬，然后人敬之。

5.The words such as “ Respectfully，yours” can often be seen at t he end of the

letter. 信的末尾经常写上类似“Respectfully，yours”的字眼以表尊敬。

6.In what respect do you think he is worth praising? 在哪些方面你觉得他值得表

扬？

[即刻点击]

I’m sure she will do as she promised; I’ve got great _________ her.

A. respect for

B. respects of

C. honor of

D. faith in Key: A

5. achieve

v. 完成, 达到 achievement: [U] 完成，达到；[C]成就, 功绩

make achievements 获得成绩，取得成就

1． We may have the feeling of satisfaction and achievement from our English study when we are able to say something simple in English。当我们可以说点儿简单的英语交谈时,我们就可以从英语学习中得到满足感和成就感。

2． The success of the experiment proves that we have made great achievements in the study of rocket. 那个实验的成功证明我们在火箭方面的研究取得很大成就。3．The university has achieved all its goals this year. 这个大学今年已经实现了所有的奋斗目标。

［即学即用］

Jack London worked very hard and finally he _______ his goal.

A. made

B. found

C. developed

D. achieved

Key: D

6．used to do

used to do 过去常常做某事

be used to do 被用来做。。。

be/get used to doing sth./ sth. 习惯于/开始习惯于做。。。

there used to be 某地过去有某物

[即刻点击]

1．There _________ a swimming pool in our town. 我们镇上过去有一个游泳池。

2．In our school, candles ＿＿＿＿ give light when electricity is cut off. 在我们学校，停电时，就用蜡烛来照亮。

3．I _________ traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. 我习惯了乘飞机旅行,只有一次我可给吓怕了。

Key: used to be; are used to；am used to

7.challenge

challenge n./v. 挑战 challenging adj. 引起挑战性兴趣的

1.He challenged me to play another tennis game. 他向我挑战要我跟他再打一场网球。

2.The present world is full of challenges as well as opportunities. 当今社会充

满了机遇与挑战。

8.free

adj. 免费的；空闲的

a free meal. 免费的一餐 for free 免费的 free time 空闲时间

1．The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week! 这个姑娘每周`给'她妈妈一

件免费的衣服。

2．All the books were given away free. 所有的书都免费赠送。

9．prepare

prepare: v准备, 预备, 有能力而且愿意 preparation: n. 准备, 预备prepare for…/prepare…for… make preparations for

be prepared for

1. Working on a part-time job can prepare them for a future career.

打工为大学生将来的工作作好准备。

2. Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates?

你能否帮我为这次老同学聚会做好准备工作?

3. Preparations for the top government officers' visit are almost complete.

迎接政府高级官员来访的准备工作差不多已全部完成。

[即刻点击]

1.He was _________ to do anything to save the local people.他已经做好一切准备

来抢救当地群众。

2.The team __________ themselves for defeat. 这个队心理上已经做好了接受失败的

准备。

Key: prepared; has prepared

10．fun

[U]愉快；开心adj. funny 有趣的，可笑的

for fun寻找乐趣；当作玩笑；不是认真的 make fun of 捉弄

1．There's no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards. 整个晚上打朴克牌没有意思。

2．I felt unhappy whenever I was made fun of. 无论何时被人嘲笑，总让我不好受。3．.Fifty years ago , wealthy people would rather hunt wild animals for fun than go sightseeing .五十年前，人们宁愿捕杀野生动物来寻开心也不愿意外出观光。

[即刻点击]

1．"Mr Alexander doesn't just write＿＿＿＿; in fact, writing is his bread and butter."

"亚历山大从事写作不是为了好玩,事实上写作是他的谋生之道。"

2．Mary realized she ________.

A. was playing a joke about

B. was making fun

C. was being make fun of

D. was made fun

Key: for fun; C

11. drop

v. 1放弃；断绝（往来）；滴下, 落下 n. 滴；点

drop sb. a line 写封短信 drop in on sb. 造访某人drop in at some place 造访某地

1. He seems to have dropped most of his friends. 他好像与大多数的朋友不再来往了。

2. He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。

3. A drop of ink may make a million think.（George G Byron）一滴墨水写成的文字可让千万人思索。(拜伦)

4．Don’t forget to drop me a line when you are free! 有空时写封信给我! 5．Sorry, we are late-we drop in at a pub on the way! 不好意思迟到了，我们中途去了一趟酒吧。

[即刻点击]

1．The headmaster asked me to _________ him at his office. 校长让我去他办公室。

2. __________ when you have time.有空时写封信给我。

3. I want to _______ out of math class, which is too hard for me. 我不想上数学课，它对我来说太难了。

Key: drop in on; Drop me a line; drop

12. miss

v. 错过；失去; 想念；思念

miss doing sth. 想念/错过做某事

1. He threw the ball to me, but I missed it and it landed on the ground. 他把球扔给我，但我没接住，球落在了地上。

2. Being too tired, he narrowly missed crashing into the tree. 太累了，他差一点撞到树上。

3．I'm sure that everybody will miss him very much. 我相信每个人都会怀念他。[即刻点击]

My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ______ half of it.(NMET 2004,

30)

A. was missing

B. had missed

C. will miss

D. missed

13．the way to do 做。。。的方式

the way to do sth.

＝the way of doing sth.

＝the way （that）

1.Unluckily, we had no way to prove he was stealing money. 不幸地，我们无法证

明他在偷钱。

2.There is no way of getting in touch with her. 无法与她取得联系。

3.We feel shame of the way you talked with the old man. 我们为你与那位老人说话

的方式感到羞耻。

[即刻点击]

1. What is the way George thought of ______ enough money to buy the house?

A. to get

B. getting

C. having got

D. being got

Key: A

14. someday=some day

15 regret

regret n.遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意 without regret. 毫无遗憾地vt. 为...感到遗憾, 后悔, 惋惜, 哀悼, 懊悔

vi. 感到抱歉

Much to my regret, I am not able to accept your invitation. 令我遗憾的是

Her regret was that she never had the chance of seeing him. 遗憾的事

注意：

regret to do 很遗憾地要做。。。

regret doing: 为已经做的事后悔

[即刻点击]

1. I _________(tell)you that you’re not fit for the job. 很遗憾地告诉你

2. To this day I do not _____________(make)the remark. 后悔做了某事Key: regret to tell; regret having made

16. develop

develop v. 发展, 发达;洗印, 显影 developing: adj. 发展中的

development: n. 发展 developed: adj. 发达的

1．How can you believe that he developed that small scale shop into a worldwide business!

他把那家小厂发展为国际企业，让人难以致信。

2．At university he developed a good habit of reading loudly in the morning.

大学时，他养成了早晨大声读书的好习惯。.

3. Can you develop the film yourself?

你自己会冲洗胶卷吗？

[即刻点击]

Whether it’s a ______ or ______ country depends on the living standard of the com mon people。

Key:developing; developed

17. donate

donate: v. 捐赠, 赠予 donation n. 捐赠品, 捐款, 贡献

donate …to… 把。。。捐赠给。。。

The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.

这个商人捐给医院很多钱。

18. close

v. 关, 关闭, 结束, 停止, 使靠近, 靠拢, 会合, 包围

n. 结束

adj. 近的, 紧密的, 精密的, 齐根的, 封闭的, 亲密的, 闷气的

adv. 接近, 紧密地

1. I live close to the shops. 我住得离商店很近。

2. How close parents are to their children has a strong effect on the character of the children.父母与孩子有多亲近对孩子的性格有很大影响。

3. As everyone knows, Karl Marx and Engels were close friends. 众所周知，马克思和恩格斯是一对密友。

注意：close , closely的区别

close强调的是空间位置关系的“靠近”，而closely则强调的是两个人或事情关系上的“密切”。

［即学即用］

1. Come ______ . I want to tell you something secret. .

2. The police is watching the bank _____.

Key: close closely

19．含介词的短语归纳：

(1 )形容詞短语：

be happy with 因。。。感到开心 be challenging for 对。。。有挑战

get interested in 对。。。感兴趣

(2 )动词短语

sit next to 坐在。。。旁边 sound like 听起来像 graduate from 从。。。毕业

donate… to …把。。。捐赠给。。。 tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事 achieve high grades 获得高分

make a speech 做演讲 develop an interest 养成一种兴趣

(3 )介词短语

than usual 比通常 for free 免费 at lunchtime 在午餐时 at first 起初

on the school field 在操场上

［即学即用］请你做课本第86页A2试试吧！

Key: 1. with; 2. to, at ; 3. like; 4. to, at; 5. On; 6. for; 7. about; 8. at;

9. On, on

20. 词形变化

1. enjoy v. 欣赏，喜爱 enjoyable: adj. 令人愉快的, 可享受的

2. achieve v. 获得 achievement n. 成就，功绩

3. prepare. v. 准备 preparation n. 准备，预备

4. experience v. 体验 experience. [C] 经历 [U]经验

experienced. adj. 富有经验的

5．help v 帮助help n. 帮助helpful adj. 有帮助的

6. introduce v. 介绍 introduction n. 介绍

7. develop v. 发展 development n. 发展 developed adj. 发达的

developing adj. 发展中的

8. donate v . 捐赠，赠予 donation n.捐赠品，捐款

9. display v . 陈列，展览 display n. 陈列，展览

10. please v 使。。。喜欢 pleasure n. 愉快；乐事

pleased adj. 高兴的，满足的 pleasing adj. 令人高兴的，合意的

［即学即用］请你做课本第86页A1试试吧！

Key: 1. enjoyable 2. experience 3. challenging 4. e-mails 5. funny 6. drop 7. exciting 8. helpful

II. 难句导学

Part A

1．… It was difficult to remember all the faces and names.（Page 2, Line 18）

很难记得所有人的脸和他们的名字。

It 做形式主语。在这种名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it 作形式主语.此句也可以改写为:To remember all the faces and names was difficult. 【即学即用】

1. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There

B. This

C. That

D. It

2. ________ worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.

A. That

B. It

C. What

D. There

3. I like ______ is the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (NMET2004, 27)

A. this

B. that

C. it

D. one

Key: 1. D 2. B 3. C

2.I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school…(Page 2 , Line 20)

我发现现在的家庭作业不如以前学校里布置得多。。。

1) 在以前学过的表示比较的句子中，as 或than 后接的多数是名词或代词来担任比较状语。

例如

The elephant is much heavier than the horse. 象比马重。

本句是 what I use to get in my old school 是由从句担任比较状语。

例如

You are as sweet as sugar. The situation is not so bad as you suggest.

你甜如蜜。情形不如你说的那样糟。

2)what是连接代词，不仅引导名词性从句，而且在从句中充当一定的成份，如主语、宾语或表语。

The important thing is what you do, but not what you say. 重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。

What make school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. （2003上海春季,33）使学校引以为豪的是90%以上的学生被重点大学录取。

【即学即用】

1. A computer can only do _________ you have instructed it to do.

A. how

B. after

C. what

D. when

2. Perseverance(坚定) is a kind of quality ---- and that’s _________it takes to do anything well.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. why

3．After Yang Li Wei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space.(上海2004，37)

A. where

B. what

C. that

D. how

4．No one can be sure _____ in a million years.

A. what man will look like

B. what will man look like

C. man will look like what

D. what look will man lik

Key: 1) C 2) A 3) B 4）A

Part B

3．Upon finishing his studies, he started traveling in China.

一完成学业，他就开始在中国旅行。

注意on / upon doing sth. = as soon as 引导的从句。作此意讲时on / upon后也可以接名词。如on his arrival…。

On hearing the news, he burst into tears. 一听到这个消息，他放声大哭起来。

【即学即用】

1.______________(一看到这则消息)， I immediately rang to see if I could help. Key: On reading the news

III. 语法讲练

语法链接

1．语法精讲

定语从句

用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。

关系代词引导的定语从句：

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语）

小结

代替人代替物代替人或物

主语 Who which that

主语 Whom which that

宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)

1．语法专练

1．请完成书上P11 练习！

Key: 1)which 2)whose 3)who 4)whom/who 5) who 6) which 7) who 8) which/that 9) who 2. 单选：

1. The house _________ the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.

A. that

B. where

C. what

D. when

2 .The book ______ cover is broken, is not mine.

A. which B that C whose D of which

3. I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon _____ could speak Chinese very well.

A. who

B. which

C. when

D. he

4．This is Mr Smith, ____ I think has something interesting to tell you.

A . who

B whom C. that D. x

5. The radio set ___ last week has gone wrong.

A.I bought it

B. which I bought it

C.I bought

D. what I bought

6. In the police station I saw the man from ___ room the thief had stolen the TV set.

A. whom

B. which

C. that

D. whose

7. .His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.

A. that

B. whom

C. of whose

D. whose

8. A football fan(球迷) is _____ has a strong interest in football.

A. a thing that

B. something that

C. a person who

D. what

9. A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.

A. who

B. who’s

C. whose

D. which

10. He made another wonderful discovery ____ of great importance to science.

A. which is

B. which it is

C. who is

D. it is

11. Those ___ _____ break the rule will be punished.

A that

B who

C they

D whom

12. Do you still remember the days ______ we spent together then?

A when

B during which

C /

D on which

13. 1) Do you know the girl _________ is talking with the director?

2) Do you know the girl _________ the director is talking with?

3) I like the flowers __________ you bought for me very much.

Key: 1-5 ACAAC 6-10 DDCCA 11-12. BC 13. that/who ; whom/who ; which/that