选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion

选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion
选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion

一、学习目标

知识目标:学习本单元的词汇、短语和句型。

能力目标:能够使用这些词汇、短语及句型进行语言表达,并能够解答与之相关的习题。

二、重点、难点

1. 重点:

●重要单词

adaptation, hesitate, mistaken, condemn, acquaintance, fortune,compromise, overlook

●重要短语

pass…off as…, generally speaking, in terms of…,show…in, once more, in need of

●重要句型

1)Will that be of any use to you?

2)What if I was?

2. 难点:

what if 与if only等句型的区别

三、知能提升

(一)重点单词

[单词学习]

1. adaptation n. 改编

【例句】The play is an adaptation of a short novel. 这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。

【用法】adaptation to 对……的适应

The adaptation of animals to the environment is rather slow. 动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。

【拓展】adapt vt.使适应(合);修改,改编vi. (to)适应

adapt oneself to 使适应;使适合

adapt to 适应

【考题链接】It’s difficult for one to ________ to the new surroundings.

A. adapt

B. addict

C. accept

D. adopt

答案:A

解题思路:词义辨析题。Addict to意为“沉溺于”;accept后直接接宾语;adopt后直接接宾语;adapt to意为“适应”,符合语境。

2. hesitate vi. 犹豫,踌躇,不愿

【例句】He hesitated before he answered because he didn’t know what to say. 他在回答之前犹豫了一下,因为他不知道说什么。

Don’ t hesitate about that. Do it at once. 对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。

【用法】hesitate to do sth. 做某事犹豫不决

hesitate about (doing)sth. 对某事犹豫不决

【考查点】hesitation n.[U][C]踌躇;犹豫不决

【考题链接】Don’t _____ to correct me if I made a mistake.

A. pause

B. stop

C. mind

D. hesitate

答案:D

解题思路:词义辨析题。句意:如果我有什么错误的话请(你)毫不犹豫来纠正我。Pause to do暂停一下再做;stop to do停下来去做另一件事;mind不跟to连用;hesitate to do毫不犹豫地去做,符合题意。

3. mistaken adj. (见解或判断上)不正确的,错误的

【例句】Y ou are mistaken about him.你误会他了。

It can’ t have been your car. Y ou must be mistaken. 那不可能是你的车。你肯定弄错了。

【拓展】mistake n. &v. 错误,过失;弄错,误解,把……误认为

by mistake 错误地

mistake for 被误认为是

mistake in 在……的错误

make a mistake 犯错误

【考查点】mistaken前不能用very来修饰。

【考题链接】Someone must have left the door open _______ mistake.

A. by

B. in

C. for

D. with

答案:A

解题思路:本题考查mistake的固定搭配。mistake与by连用,by mistake 错误地。4. condemn vt. 判刑,谴责,宣告……不适用

【例句】We condemn his foolish behavior. 我们谴责他的愚蠢行为。

The criminal was condemned to death. 那个罪犯被判处死刑。

【拓展】be condemned/sentenced to death 被判处死刑

condemnation n.责难,判罪

【考题链接】The September11 Attack has been _____by the entire international community.

A. condemned

B. scolded

C. criticized

D. blamed

答案:A

解题思路:本题考查动词词义辨析。题意为“9.11事件受到了整个国际社会的谴责”。condemn谴责,符合句意。scold 斥责;criticize批评;blame责怪均不合题意。

5. acquaintance n. 相识,熟人

【例句】He has many acquaintances in the business community.他在商界有很多熟人。

I have an acquaintance with him. 我与他认识。

【拓展】make sb.’s acquaintance = make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人

on/upon (further) acquaintance 经过更深入的了解后

gain acquaintance with 得以熟悉

acquaint oneself with 熟悉,通晓,精通

be/get/become acquainted with 与人相识,熟知,精通

acquaintanceship n.相识,交际,交际范围

【考题链接】Mary is not my ____, just a(an)______

A. friend; acquaintances

B. acquaintance; friend

C. friend; acquaintance

D. acquaintances; friend

答案:C

解题思路:考查名词词义辨析。由句意:玛丽不是我的朋友,而是我的一个熟人,可知答案为C。

6. fortune n.[U]命运;运气;机会[C]财产,财富

【例句】She had the good fortune to be free from illness. 她运气好,没得病。

He dreamed of making a fortune. 他梦想发大财。

【拓展】fortunate adj. 幸运的,幸福的

make a fortune发财

seek one’ s fortune外出找出路

try one’ s fortune碰运气

be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 幸运做某事

【考题链接】

Many people swarmed into big cities to seek their ______, but most of them failed.

A. money

B. earnings

C. salary

D. fortune

答案:D

解题思路:seek one’ s fortune外出找出路,其他的词都不能作seek的宾语。

7. compromise vi.作出妥协,让步vt. 损害名誉,危及,连累

【例句】Such conduct will compromise your reputation.

如此举动将会损害你的名誉。

【拓展】n. [U][C]妥协,和解,让步

The dispute between the two countries was solved by compromise.

两国之间的纷争由互相让步而解决了。

reach/arrive at/work out a compromise 达成妥协

make (a) compromise with 与……妥协

compromise with sb. on sth. 跟某人在某事上达成和解

【考题链接】If we all agree to make ____with each other—when we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely live in peace.

A. adjustment

B. compromise

C. promise

D. acquaintance

答案:B

解题思路:考查名词词义辨析,按照句意:“如果我们彼此之间作出妥协和让步……”;adjustment 调节;promise 许诺;acquaintance 熟识均不合题意。make (a) compromise with 与……妥协,可知选B。

8. overlook vt. 忽略;没注意;漏看;不理会;俯视

【例句】You have overlooked several of the mistakes in this work.

你忽略了这个工作中的几个错误。

The secretary is very careful and never overlooks any little point.

秘书是个很细心的人,从不忽视任何细节。

The house on the hill overlooks the village. 从小山上的房子可以俯视村庄。

【考查点】辨析overlook, neglect, ignore

overlook意为“忽略”,多指由于草率、放任或没有注意到而忽视某事;

neglect指没有给予或很少给予,后面接sb. /sth.,还可接to do sth. /doing sth.

ignore指有意识的拒绝,不给予理睬,其后可接sb. /sth.,不接不定式。

【例句】He was so busy that he neglected his health.

【考题链接】American women were ____the right to vote until 1920 after years of hard struggle.

A. ignored

B. denied

C. overlooked

D. neglected

答案: B

解题思路:考查动词词义辨析,ignore, overlook, neglected 均意为“忽略”,不合语境。deny sb. sth.拒绝某人某事,符合句意。

[即学即练]

解题思路:考查动词词义辨析。由句意知设空处指老人去世。pass away死亡,断气,消失,符合;B项结构错误;pass by时间经过,从旁边经过;pass down传递,流传。

2. generally speaking一般来说

【例句】Generally speaking, the parks are full on holidays. 一般来说,假日里公园都挤满人。

【拓展】英语中表示“……说”的短语:

exactly speaking确切地说

to be frank = frankly speaking坦率地说

in general一般来说

in other words换句话说

or rather更确切地说

to sum up概括地说

that is 也就是说

【考题链接】用表示“……说”的短语填空。

1)________, women live longer than men.

2)He got home late last night, _______ early this morning.

3)________, I don’ t enjoy the performance.

答案:1)Generally speaking 2)or rather 3)To be frank/honest

3. in terms of…就……来说,从……角度

【例句】In terms of natural resource, it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.

从自然资源来看,它是西欧最穷的国家之一。

【拓展】terms n. 关系,情谊,条件,措辞,说法

be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.) 与……关系好/亲密/不好

be on speaking terms (with sb.) 与某人关系好;肯与某人说话come to/make terms with sb 达成协议

come to/make terms with sth. 逆来顺受,屈服于…

in no uncertain terms 清楚而有力的

on equal terms (with sb.) 平等相处,地位相等

on one’s own terms 按某人决定的条件

in the long/short term 长期/短期

【例句】At last they are on the speaking terms again! 他们终于又互相说话了。

【考题链接】I’m ___good terms ____Mary and she is my good friend.

A. on; /

B. /; with

C. on; with

D. with; on

答案:C

解题思路:考查介词短语搭配。be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.) 与……关系好/亲密/不好,符合句意。

4. show…in带或领……进来

【例句】Tom showed a little boy in. 汤姆带了一个小男孩进来。

Will you show him in? 你把他领进来好吗?

【拓展】show的相关短语:

show sb. out 领某人出去show sb. around 领某人参观某地

show off 炫耀,卖弄,使显眼show up 出现,来到某处,揭露,显得好看【考题链接】用适当的介词或副词填空。

1)I will show you ________ when you are in the city.

2)She likes to show ________ her nice figure by wearing tight dresses.

3)Uncle George didn’t show ________ for our wedding because he forgot it.

4)He showed me ________ a sitting room.

答案:1)around 2)off 3)up 4)into

5. once more再一次,又一次

【例句】I’ll repeat the question once more. 我将把这个问题再重复一次。

【拓展】与once有关的短语:

once again 再次

once in a while时不时,偶尔,间或

once upon a time从前

6. in need of需要……

【例句】This house is in need of repair. 这栋房子需要整修。

Success is in need of great effort. 成功需要很多的努力。

【拓展】in + n. + of 的短语:

in honour of 为了纪念……;向……表示敬意

in praise of 歌颂

in favor of 赞同,支持

in charge of 负责

in search of 寻找

in possession of 拥有

in place of 代替

【考题链接】Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ______ financial aid.

A. in favour of

B. in honour of

C. in face of

D. in need of

答案:D

解题思路:短语意义辨析题。A项意为支持,B项意为纪念,C项意为面对,均不合题意,D项意为需要,符合句意,D项正确。

[即学即练]

1. He is always picking up very heavy things just to _____ his strength.

A. show around

B. show off

C. use up

D. train

2. _____ achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.

A. In terms of

B. In case of

C. As a result of

D. In face of

3. If you are ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.

A. in memory of

B. in place of

C. in need of

D. in charge of

4. ____, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.Which of the followings is wrong?

A. Generally

B. Generally speaking

C. In general

D. Honestly speaking

(三)重点句型

[句型学习]

1. Will that be of any use to you?

[句子分析]本句中的of 表示“从属”关系。

【例句】Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚,人以群分。

【用法】be of+形容词+抽象名词=be+副词+与该抽象名词同根的形容词。

【例句】What I said is of great importance. = What I said is very important. 我所说的非常重要。

可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有:ability-able, help-helpful, use-useful, importance-important, interest-interesting, significance-significant, value-valuable 【考题链接】

You’ll find this map of great _______ in helping you to get round London.

A. price

B. cost

C. value

D. usefulness

答案:C

解题思路:这里考查的是be of value= valuable。

2. What if I was?

[句子分析]这里的What if意为:要是……又怎样;如果……将会怎么样;如果……又怎样。

【例句】What if it is true? 如果这是真的又该如何呢?

What if he doesn’t agree? 如果他不同意该怎么办呢?

What if he comes back now? 如果他现在回来怎么办?

【拓展】

1)if only“只要,但愿”的意思,其后的句型中动词常用过去式或过去完成式,表示强烈的愿望。

【例句】Oh! If only I’d known earlier. 哦,要是我早知道就好了。

If only it were Sunday today. 要是今天是星期天就好了。

2)only if 只有当(只是在……的时候),此为强调句的一种,如果把only if 从句放在句首,主句用倒装

【例句】Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。

3)as if好像,似乎,仿佛

【例句】He looks as if he were sleeping. 他看起来像正熟睡似的。

4)even if即使,纵然

【例句】I wouldn’t lose courage even if I should fail ten times. 即使要失败十次,我也绝不灰心。

【考题链接】

— Some people believe that robots will take over the world one day.

—______ that is the case?

A. If only

B. Only if

C. What if

D. Even if

答案:C

解题思路:由句意:“—有人认为机器人有一天会统治整个世界。—倘若情况是这样我们该怎么办?”可知what if“要是……又怎样”符合句意。if only只要;only if 只有当;even if即使,均不合句意。

[即学即练]

1. —Andrew won the first place in the physics competition.

—________ ? I don’t like science, anyway.

A. Why not

B. So what

C. What if

D. How come

2. Fitness is important in sport, but of at least equal are skills.

A. important

B. importance

C. value

D. use

Unit 4 Pygmalion-Grammar 过去分词

一、预习新知

过去分词作状语

二、预习点拨

思考问题一:哪些非谓语动词形式可以作状语?

思考问题二:找出本单元中含过去分词的句子。

(答题时间:60分钟)

一、单项填空

1. I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we________ on Italy.

A. resigned

B. compromised

C. promised

D. disguised

2. Y ou are grown-up now, so it’s up to you to decide whether to ________English or French.

A. take off

B. take on

C. take in

D. take up

3. The TV set is already ten years old, so the sound is not as good as before and to make matters worse, the pictures suddenly began to ________yesterday.

A. fade out

B. turn out

C. drop out

D. give out

4. ________, the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.

A. Generally speaking

B. General speaking

C. Speaking general

D. Speaking generally

5. When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were ________food and water supplies.

A. in want of

B. in praise of

C. in honour of

D. in place of

6. People have planted a great many trees in order to ________wind and sand in the desert.

A. hold down

B. hold up

C. hold back

D. hold out

7. —Don’t forget to phone me when you get to New Y ork. Just let me know you’ve arrived safely.

—I won’t forget. Goodbye then.

—________.

A. With pleasure

B. Have a nice trip

C. Don’t mention it

D. It’s very nice of you

8. The twins are so much alike that their own mother can hardly________.

A. tell them apart

B. tell apart them

C. say them apart

D. say apart them

9. The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then he ______a cold.

A. has caught

B. is catching

C. will catch

D. does catch

10. —What did he come here for?

—He came here especially to ________your acquaintance.

A. take

B. get

C. make

D. produce

11. The teacher went into the classroom, ________the boy ________outside.

A. left;standing

B. leaving;standing

C. left;stand

D. leaving;stand

12. The work is not very profitable ______cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.

A. in terms of

B. in case of

C. in favor of

D. in spite of

13. —If________, some terrible diseases would spread in the stricken-areas after the terrible

earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province.

—So people there were in________ need of medical teams.

A. don’t controlled;short

B. not controlling;little

C. not being controlled;anxious

D. not controlled;desperate

14. We cannot________ with those whose principles are directly opposed to our own because they’ll defeat us in the end.

A. compromise

B. concern

C. worry

D. object

15. It took him a long time to ________the magazines he bought last year before he could put them in the correct shelves.

A. classify

B. divide

C. order

D. arrange

二、翻译句子

16. 这些细节容易被忽略,所以你们要小心。(overlook)

________________________________________________________________________ 17. 他们随意侮辱可怜的鲍勃大叔。(treat sb. like dirt)

________________________________________________________________________ 18. 你在这个国家的身份是什么?是不是本国公民?(status)

________________________________________________________________________ 19. 那男人因虐待妻子被判六年监禁。(condemn)

________________________________________________________________________ 20. 她毫不犹豫地接受了他们提供的工作机会。(hesitation)

________________________________________________________________________

三、完形填空

Coming home from school that dark winter day so long ago, I was filled with excitement of having the weekend off. But I was__21__into stillness by what I saw. Mother was seated at the far end of the sofa, __22__, with the second-hand green typewriter on the table. She told me that she couldn’t type fast and then she was out of work. My shock and embarrassment (尴尬) at finding mother in tears was a perfect proof of how__23__understood the pressures on her. Sitting beside her on the sofa, I began very __24__ to understand. “I guess we all have to__25__sometimes,”mother said quietly. I could__26__her pain and the tension (紧张) of__27__the strong feelings that were interrupted by my arrival. Suddenly, something inside me __28__.I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke then. She put her face__29__my shoulder and sobbed(啜泣). I held her__30__and didn’t try to talk. I knew I was doing what I should. What I could __31__it was enough. In that moment, feeling mother’s__32__with feelings, I understood for the first time, her being so easy to__33__.She was still my mother, __34__she was something__35__, a person having the ability of bearing fear, __36__and failure. I could feel her pain as she must have felt mine on a thousand occasions when I sought__37__in her arms.

A week later mother took a job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station__38__. “It’s a job I can do, though,” she said simply. But the evening practice on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very__39__feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping__40__ across the paper. I knew there was something more going on in there than a woman learning to type.

21. A. tired B. ashamed C. lazy D. shocked

22. A. crying B. smiling C. thinking D. whispering

23. A. eagerly B. worriedly C. little D. much

24. A. quickly B. slowly C. suddenly D. proudly

25. A. fail B. win C. fall sick D. give in

26. A. know of B. watch C. sense D. recognize

27. A. holding back B. putting away C. sitting up D. stopping from

28. A. lit up B. came true C. turned D. increased

29. A. to B. up C. through D. against

often “everything” is a repetitious rule:look, listen, feel, tap, pills, injection, phone, ambulance and away to the next.

And then there is always the cool, warm voice of the girl on the switchboard of the emergency bed service who will get your patient into hospital for you—the pleasant voice that comes to you as you stand in the cold, dark, smelly and dirty telephone box somewhere in a dangerous section of town. Oh, it has its moments, and this life does.

41. According to the sentence “Anyone who’s studying medicine should have his head

examined.” we know that________.

A. a medical student should have a very good memory

B. a doctor must be mentally strong so that he can meet any difficult situation

C. the writer thinks that those who want to be doctors are crazy

D. to be a doctor is a challenge for people’s mental health

42. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The writer wishes he could have a quiet, undisturbed night in bed at home.

B. One of his friends says that being a doctor helps one gain all sorts of experience.

C. He hates the telephone as a modern means of communication.

D. He is not happy with the small and uncomfortable car he is driving.

43. The statement “We do have our moments” could best be replaced by “________”.

A. we doctors are called at a moment’s notice to see people who need medical treatment

B. usually we are glad that we can do something to help the sick

C. sometimes we find people are thankful for our help

D. there are chances that doctors find their work rewarding and satisfying

44. From the whole passage, we know that the writer________.

A. is a bad doctor, unwilling to make a house call during the night-time

B. is so dissatisfied with his job that he wishes to find a new one

C. is satisfied with his job but he hates to be called out unnecessarily

D. thinks a doctor can enjoy certain special rights whether he felt lucky or not

45. We can conclude that________.

A. the author is worried about his patient when he is driving through the foggy streets of East

London

B. the author is annoyed to be called out at such a horrible morning hour for an ear-ache patient

C. the author is now heading for the beach in southern France for his holidays

D. as the author speeds down Lea Bridge in the dark on a December morning, his Mini breaks down half way

一、

1. B resign听任,顺从;compromise以折中的方法解决争论;promise许诺;disguise伪装。根据句意,B为最佳答案。句意为:我想去希腊,可我妻子想去西班牙,于是我们折中了一下,去意大利。

2. D考查动词辨析。句意为:你已经是成年人了,所以由你来决定学英语还是法语。take off脱下,起飞,匆匆离开;take on开始雇用,呈现,同……较量,承担,从事;take in接受,吸收,包括,领会,理解,欺骗;take up开始从事,把……继续下去,着手处理,占去。

3. A考查动词短语辨析。fade out意为“(画面)渐隐,变模糊”。而turn out出席,在场;drop out辍学;give out用完,三者的意义与语境不符。

4. A generally speaking一般来说。

5. A考查介词短语辨析。句意为:当他们到达那里时,他们发现遭受风暴袭击的人们需要食物和水。in want of意为“需要”;in praise of赞扬;in honour of纪念;in place of代替。

6. C hold down压制,限制;hold up推迟;耽搁;hold back阻挡,抑制;hold out提供,提出。句意为:为了阻挡风和沙尘,人们种了大量的树。

7. B考查情景交际,表示“旅途顺利”,故选B项。

8. A tell apart是短语动词(v.+adv.),代词常放在tell和apart之间。

9. D本题考查动词的时态以及do表强调的用法。从时间状语every now and then分析,此处应用一般现在时,does在此起强调作用。

10. C make one’s acquaintance结识某人;与……相见。

11. B句意为:老师走进了教室,留下那个男孩站在外面。现在分词leaving作结果状语,standing作补语,表状态,leave sb. doing“让某人一直做某事”。

12. A句意为:这工作就钱财方面而论并不是很有利,但我从中取得了宝贵的经验。in terms of表示“就……方面而论”,符合语义要求。

13. D

14. A句意为:我们不能与那些在原则上和我们截然相反的人妥协,因为他们最终会打败我们的。compromise表示“妥协”,符合语义。其他选项的搭配不对。

15. A classify意为“分类”。divide的意思是“切割,划分”;order作动词时,意为“订购”;arrange意为“安排”。

二、16. These details are easily overlooked, so you should pay attention to them.

17. They treated poor old Uncle Bob like dirt.

18. What’s your status in this country?Are you a citizen or not?

19. The man was condemned to six years in prison for treating his wife cruelly.

20. She had no hesitation in accepting their job offer.

三、21. D由but(转折)和下文的shock可知。

22. A从下句的in tears可知作者的母亲失业,在家中哭泣。

23. C上文的shock和embarrassment均表明作者很少理解母亲所承受的压力。

24. B我开始逐渐地,慢慢地理解母亲,而不是很快地。

25. A母亲说:“有时每个人都有失败的时候”,与母亲自己的失业相呼应。

26. C我可以感觉到母亲的痛苦,而不是观察。

27. A hold back阻止,控制;put away收起来;sit up坐起来;stop from阻止做某事。

28. C自己内心发生变化,表示情感的变化过程。

29. D against是介词,against my shoulder意思为“靠在我的肩膀上”。

30. B tightly在此表示“紧紧地”,与held搭配。

31. A连词and连接两个并列句。

32. D因为是拥抱,所以是摸着母亲的背部。

33. B母亲很容易受到打击。

34. C yet意为“而且,还”。A、B、D项与句意不符。

35. A从下句可知。

36. D与fear和failure并列,应选D。在此,hurt表示心理方面的伤害。

37. C自己在母亲的怀抱中寻找安慰。

38. B supply供应;offer提供;pay for付款;contribute贡献。

39. A我有了与以前不一样的感觉。

40. B tap away意为“敲打键盘”。

四、41. C句意理解题。根据上一句out of luck说明作者对于做医生的看法与别人不同,所以他说这句话的意思是“想当医生的这些人脑子有问题”。

42. C细节判断题。虽然在第二段提到I need all telephones to be thrown down the nearest well,但是这与C项的意义不同。

43. D句意理解题。该句的意思可以通过上一句Of course, being a doctor isn’t really all bad.和下文提到医生经常做的一些事情来理解。句意为:医生有时也会对他们的职业产生神圣和满足感。

44. C推理判断题。短文后半部分主要是说明当医生的好处,所以,A项和B项意义与原文不符,D项在文中没有体现。从整篇短文看,前面否定,后面肯定,由此可推断C项正确。

45. B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句得出B项正确。

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2. I advise you to have nothing with that man. 练练吧! 1.He (不在乎钱). 2.She got the tickets (免费). 3.I could (不了解) what he said. 4.She (只是) a child. 实用文档

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Ⅱ.词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

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②在NH4Cl溶液中:c(Cl-)=c(NH4+)+c(NH3·H2O)。 3.质子守恒关系: 酸碱反应达到平衡时,酸(含广义酸)失去质子(H+)的总数等于碱(或广义碱)得到的质子(H+)总数,这种得失质子(H+)数相等的关系就称为质子守恒。 在盐溶液中,溶剂水也发生电离:H2OH++OH-,从水分子角度分析:H2O电离出来的H+总数与H2O电离出来的OH—总数相等(这里包括已被其它离子结合的部分),可由电荷守恒和物料守恒推导,例如: ①在NaHCO3溶液中:c(OH-)=c(H+)+c(CO32-)+c(H2CO3); ②在NH4Cl溶液中:c(H+)=c(OH-)+c(NH3·H2O)。 综上所述,化学守恒的观念是分析溶液中存在的微粒关系的重要观念,也是解决溶液中微粒浓度关系问题的重要依据。 高中化学选修4必背知识 电解的原理 (1)电解的概念: 在直流电作用下,电解质在两上电极上分别发生氧化反应和还原反应的过程叫做电解.电能转化为化学能的装置叫做电解池. (2)电极反应:以电解熔融的NaCl为例: 阳极:与电源正极相连的电极称为阳极,阳极发生氧化反应:2Cl-→Cl2↑+2e-. 阴极:与电源负极相连的电极称为阴极,阴极发生还原反应:Na++e-→Na.

高中英语选修8 unit 4教案

一、词汇拓展 1.适应,改编v.____________;适应,改编本n.____________;能适应的adj.___ __________ 2.误会n. &v.________;(过去式)________;(过去分词)________;错误的adj.________ 3.恐怖,恐惧n.__________;可怕的,恐怖的adj.__________;可怕地adv.__________ 4.犹豫,踌躇v._________________;犹豫,迟疑n.________________ 5 编排,分类v._____________;编排,分类n._____________ 6.使作呕,反感,厌恶v.________;使人反感的adj.________;感到反感的adj.________ 7. ___________ n. 舒适; 安慰vt. 安慰_____________ adj. 不舒服的; 不安的 8. _______n. 羊毛; 毛线; 毛织品_______ adj. 毛纺的; 纯毛的 9. ________ adj. 经典的n. 经典著作_______ adj. 古典的, 典雅的, 经典的 二、短语(从Reading 1 和 Reading 2 中找出以下短语) 1. (某人)冒充…____________________ 2. 结识,与…相见___________________ 3. 惊愕地_________________________ 4. 一般来说________________________ 5. 就…来说,从…角度 ______________ 6. 带…进来________________________ 7. 几天前 _________________________ 8. 带走,拿走_____________________ 9. 需要 _____________________ 10.透露身份,显露(本来面目)____________ 11. 伪装, 乔装 _________________ 12. 毫不犹豫 ____________________ 13. 把..误认为 _________________ 14. 要是…怎么办 ________________ 15. 优于… _____________________ 16. 打赌 ________________________ 17. 注定… _____________________ 18. 使…相信… ___________________ 19.采取有效措施 _____________________ 20. 根据…把..分类 ________________ 21. (声音、画面)逐渐模糊_____________ 22.用…的声音___________________ 23.自以为是 _______________________ 24. 移交 ______________________ 三、语言点 1. adaptation n. 改编本;适应性 adaptation to 对……的适应 adapt vt.使适应(合);修改,改编 vi. (to)适应 adapt oneself to 使适应;使适合 1)这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。 ___________________________________________________________. 2)动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。 ___________________________________________________________. 3)He tried hard to______________________(使自己适应) the new conditions. 4)He made a quick ____________________(适应) the new environment. 5)When they moved to Canada, the children _____________(适应) the change very well. 2. hesitate vi. 犹豫;踌躇 (1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事,不愿做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth.(做)某事犹豫不决 hesitate about+疑问词+to do sth.做某事犹豫不决 (2)hesitation n.踌躇,犹豫 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事

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