true 2005 annual report
-Translation-
The Stock Exchange of Thailand
Att: The Managing Director
February 27, 2006 Re: Filing of financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2005
Dear Sir:
1.We are pleased to report the financial results for the year ended 31 December 2005 of United
Broadcasting Corporation Plc. and its subsidiaries (“UBC Group”).
2.The following schedules summarizing UBC Groups results are attached and used in the analysis of
results which follows:
?Operations Data - Attachment A.
?Income Statement Data - Attachment B.
?Cash Flow Data - Attachment C.
?Balance Sheet Data - Attachment D.
?Unusual Items Reconciliation - Attachment E.
Review of Operations
3.Subscribers closed at 483,816 subscribers at 31 December 2005 representing a growth of 14,719
subscribers for the quarter and 26,274 subscribers year to date. Subscribers at the end of the 3rd quarter were 469,097 while the subscriber base at the end of the previous year stood at 457,542. It should be noted that on September 30, 2005 we discontinued supplying our content to local cable operators and thus lost 7,700 equivalent subscribers. Local cable operator equated subscribers included in the June 05 number were 7,700 and in the December 04 number were 6,600. Thus if one excludes the impact of the discontinuance of the RNT local cable operator strategy from all numbers net growth year to date is 32,874 subscribers.
4.Sales have been strong year to date and for the quarter. Sales are at the highest level in 5 years. For
the 4th quarter gross sales were 32,756 subscribers versus 27,296 (with no RNT sales) for the 4th quarter last year. Year to date gross sales also show similar positive momentum having sold 105,978 subscribers excluding RNT equated subscribers and 107,078 subscribers if one includes RNT equated subscribers. This is an improvement on the prior year numbers of 85,123 excluding 6,600 RNT equated subscribers or 91,723 gross subscribers if one includes RNT equated subscribers.
5.Year to date churn at the end of the year stood at 15.7% if one excludes the impact of the RNT
shut down. This was slightly higher than the prior year due to higher churn in the 1st quarter of the year when compared to the prior year due to continued competition from local cable operators targeting UBC subscribers. Local cable operators in many instances violate copyright law and
offer extensive bouquets at a fraction of UBC price. Churn in the 2nd quarter decreased slightly from the prior year and the downward trend continued if one looks at numbers excluding the impact of the RNT shut down with churn for the 3rd quarter down to 2.8% from 4.4% for the previous year. Season 2 of Academy Fantasia ran during the 3rd quarter and was extremely popular with our 24 hour Academy channel being one of the most watched channels. During September 2005 we took the decision to discontinue supplying our local channels to cable operators through RNT. As such we have excluded RNT subscribers in 3rd quarter by showing them as churn. Churn in the 4th quarter has decreased marginally from the prior year as provincial cable piracy continues to remain a factor in the high churn number. Inclusive of the RNT switch off year to date churn is 17.2% for 2005 compared to 15.4% for 2004.
6.Effective March 2005 UBC made changes to its package line up. It renamed its Silver package to
Bronze and re priced it from THB 928 VAT inc. to THB 700 VAT inc. A new Silver package was launched taking the old Silver package (now called Bronze) and adding 12 turn around channels and is priced at THB 750 VAT inc. We also launched a new Platinum package which is priced at THB 2000 Vat inc. consisting of the Gold package plus 10 new turn around channels. In addition to NHK which has been offered for some time subscribers of any of the packages can now subscribe to KBS (a Korean channel) on a buy through a-la-carte basis at THB 1,000 inclusive of VAT.
7.In introducing new package structure pre launch research showed that there would not be a
significant downgrade of Gold subscriber to either the Bronze or Silver package but that there would be some upgrade to the Platinum package. Early results of the launch confirm this. The new Silver package is making up a fair portion of new sales and as such the lower monthly fee combined with lower up front fee is helping recruit new subscribers. However Platinum package subs are currently at a similar level of Silver package subs due to Gold package upgrades and new sales and as such RPU’s and average margins per subs are suffering little negative impact. As we continue to take legal action against multi unit dwellings distributing our channels through their internal broadcast systems we are seeing more and more such establishments sign up as legitimate customers and the commercial business is becoming an increasing element of our business.
Operating profit
8.Operating profit has improved from Baht 1,219 million in the year ended 31 December 2004 to
Baht 1,431 million for the year ended 31 December 2005. After adjusting for unusual items operating profit has increased by THB 298 million from THB 822 million for the year ended 31 December 2004 to THB 1,121 million for the year ended 31 December 2005. The improvement in adjusted operating profit arises primarily from an increasing subscriber base and increasing subscription revenue. Unusual items relate primarily to reversal of provision against VAT and withholding tax assets which the group previously thought doubtful as a result of its history of losses and age of assets but which since have begun to be recovered due to improved profitability, release of provisions against VAT and withholding taxes due to improved recoveries and gains realised from disposal and retirement of fixed assets which are considered a once off event.
9.For the 4th quarter ended 31 December 2005 operating profit improved by THB 78 million from
THB 208 million in the 4th quarter 2004 to THB 287 million for the 4th quarter 2005. After adjusting for unusual non recurring items operating profit has increased by THB 137 million from THB 135 million for the 3 months ended 31 December 2004 to THB 272 million for the 3 months ended 31 December 2005. The improvement in adjusted operating profit arises primarily from an increasing subscriber base and increasing subscription revenue.
10.On a net basis the group posted a net profit of Baht 788 million for the year ended 31 December
2005 compared to a profit of Baht 845 million for the same period last year. After adjusting for unusual items net profit has improved by THB 307.5 million from THB 457 million for the year ended 31 December 2004 to 765 million for the year ended 31 December 2005. In addition to
improvement in operating profit adjusted for unusual items discussed above adjusted net profit has been positively impacted by THB 119.6 million decline in net financial results due to a reducing lease interest charge as we run longer into the transponder lease, improved interest received due to increasing cash balance and improving interest rates, and gains on forward contracts. This was partially offset by the group’s first tax charge of THB 103.2 million as some companies in the group have absorbed all tax losses carried forward.
Income Statement
11.Revenues have grown by Baht 384 million or 5% from Baht 7,706 million for the years ended 31
December 2004 to Baht 8,090 million for the year ended 31 December 2005. The growth in revenue has been driven by a 4.7% increase in the subscription revenues as a result of the increased subscriber base while installation revenues have declined as we are discounting up front fees in the current year to drive sales. RPU’s are slightly down by THB 3.8 per subscriber for the year from THB 1,295 per subscriber per month to THB 1,291 per subscriber per month as we have not processed any price increases in the current year while we have introduced 2 low end packages by reducing the price on the Bronze package from THB 928 to THB 700 and introducing the new Silver package at THB 750. This has been partially offset by over 2.6% of the subscriber base taking the new high priced Platinum package at THB 2,000. Installation revenue decreased by
17.2% or THB 50.8 million to THB 245.2 million despite higher sales volume when compared to
last year due to lowering of entry fees in March 2005 and various pricing promotions in the first two months of the year to drive sales. Decoder sales revenue increased by 6.7% or THB 9.2 million to THB 146.6 million due to having sold more decoders to the distance learning foundation. We make a small margin on these sales to cover administrative expenses. Other revenue has grown by 28.5% or THB 102.7 million to THB 463.2 million. The increase is as a result of improved sponsorship and other revenues driven by events such as our Academy Fantasia show. This has been partially offset by decline in additional charges to new subscribers for bundled promotions as promotions are being replaced in the current year by a lowering of up front fees rather than bundled promotions. Multi platform revenues still remain low at THB 34 million year to date as we are in very early stages of product and strategy development. We also recognised some revenues from sales of music album and management of the 12 Academy Fantasia participants by our newly established subsidiary UBC Fantasia.
12.It should be noted that from the 2nd quarter the group has changed how it classifies cost of
providing services. Now included in cost of providing services are included staff, administrative and depreciation costs relating to business areas directly involved in providing services. Such costs per previously included in SG&A. This change is made as the group has closely monitored changes in international accounting practices and this method of classification now puts the group in line with reporting practices of other companies internationally.
13.Cost of providing services and installation increased by Baht 196.1 million or 3.8% from Baht
5,144.7 million for the year ended 31 December 2004 to Baht 5,340.8 million for the year ended
31 December 2005. The key reasons for the increase are:
?Fixed programming costs increased by Baht 62.5 million or 7.3% due to investments in additional content such as the two new sports channels UBC Zoccer and UBC Sport + which
did not exist for the first 10 months of 2004.
?Variable programming costs increased by Baht 96.6 million or 7% as a result of a 5% increase in average subscriber base and marginal increase in average cost per subscriber per month.
?Local production costs increased by Baht 20.6 million or 16.9% due to our two new sports channels UBC Zoccer and UBC Sport+ launched in Q4 last year and increased localisation
costs of ten new turnaround channels introduced in March 2005.
?Subscriber management costs increased by THB 54.2 million or 13.8% due to a 5% increase in the average subscriber base as well as increased once off communication costs to communicate the new package structures and changes to program line up to subscribers.
?Decoder repair costs decreased slightly by Baht 3.6 million or 12.3% as repair volumes were lower in the current year due to fewer decoders requiring repair being in inventory.
?Transmission costs decreased slightly by THB 19.6 million or 2.3% due to international feeds costing slightly less as a result of improvements in the Thai Baht / USD exchange rate in the 1st quarter of the year and improvements in costs of feeds.
?Concession fees increased by Baht 13.2 million or 3% due to higher revenues. We pay 6.5% on subscription and installation revenues accruing to UBC and UBC Cable respectively.
?Staff related and other related costs declined by Baht 34.2 million or 7.5% due to once off credit of THB 51.1 million arising from retirement / disposal of old or unused fixed assets.
This was partly offset by a 4.6% increase in staff costs due to salary increases effective April 1, 2005 and a THB 7.7 million increase in maintenance expenses due to aging asset base.
?Depreciation and amortisation of assets used in providing services declined by THB 51.9 million or 8.8% as the asset base has aged and capex control over the last couple of years.
This trend will begin to reverse next year as we make investments to replace ageing assets. 14.It should be noted that from the 2nd quarter the group has changed how it classifies SG&A. Staff
costs and admin costs related to business areas directly involved in providing service has been re-allocated to cost of providing services while we have included depreciation and amortisation for assets used in administrative divisions in SG&A as well as goodwill amortisation. This change is made as the group has closely monitored changes in international accounting practices and this method of classification now puts the group in line with reporting practices of other companies internationally.
15.Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by Baht 270.8 million or 16.2% from Baht
1,671.9 million for the year ended 31 December 2004 to Baht 1,401.1 million for the year ended
31 December 2005. The key reasons for the decrease are:
?Marketing expenses decreased by Baht 179.1 million or 30.1% due to a lower variable marketing spend as a result of sales in current year been price driven as opposed to been driven by bundled product promotions for the same period last year.
?Sales commissions increased by Baht 26 million or 42% due to higher sales volumes year on year and special incentives to drive sales volumes.
?Staff costs have increased by Baht 16.7 million or 6.5% as we have provided annual increases and due to changes in bonus provisions. Manpower remains fairly constant year on year.
?Administrative expenses increased by Baht 2.4 million or 1.3% due to higher maintenance expense due to ageing asset base.
?Professional fees decreased by Baht 9.4 million or 5.5% primarily due to declining in costs incurred in cases relating to copyright infringements by buildings and local cable operators.
?Taxes decreased by Baht 42.1 million or 111.1% due to decreased in VAT provisioning results from inter company transactions.
?Bad debt has increased by Baht 0.7 million or 2.6% due to a write off of a long outstanding non subscriber related debt. Debtors days continues to remain at around 14 days and bad
debt at around 0.5% of turnover due to good credit control and collections processes.
?Goodwill amortisation has decreased by THB 24.4 million due to part of the goodwill relating to a subsidiary acquisition in 1997 having been fully amortised.
?We recorded a once off credit of THB 68.3 million on the retirement / disposal of unused and old assets.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html, financial results improved by Baht 119.6 million from a net cost of Baht 353.3 million for the
year ended 31 December 2004 to a net cost of Baht 233.7 million for the year ended 31 December 2005 for the following reasons:
?Interest income has increased by THB 45.1 million to THB 64.9 million due to increasing cash balances and improving interest rates.
?Interest expense declined by THB 54.9 million to THB 322.4 million due to decline in transponder lease interest and leased decoder as we run longer into the lease agreements the
capital outstanding declines and as such lease interest decreases accordingly.
?Increased in realised and unrealised net forex losses of THB 68.8 million.
?The group recorded a THB 88.3 million increase in net gains from forward contracts..
17.The group has recorded a THB 103.2 million tax charge being the corporate income tax
provisioning on the year to date results. Some companies in the group have fully utilised tax losses carried and are now in a net taxable position. No tax charge was recorded in prior years as the companies in the group still had tax losses carried forward.
The group has also set up a THB 287.7 million allowance for tax assessment claim based on investigations to date of the group by the Revenue Department (“RD”). Management believe they have a strong case to appeal the assessment should an assessment be issued on the basis of the position currently being held by the Revenue Department, however, the company recognises the uncertainty of the outcome and considers it is appropriate to provide fully for the assessment. The tax assessment is currently subjected to further investigation by the RD.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html, cash flow declined by Baht 476.3 million from net cash generated of Baht 1,313.9 million for
the year ended 31 December 2004 to net cash generated of Baht 837.6 million for the year ended
31 December 2005. Key reasons for the decline include:
?Cash from operations decreased by THB 305.4 million or 10.3% due to variance in unusual items year on year (see unusual items recon and commentary under operating profit).
? A THB 178.9 million decrease in working capital consumption primarily as a result of higher payments to creditors as we have been running trade creditors at above 180 days offsetting
with increased in other payables as a result of accrued corporate income tax a THB 103.2
million and allowance for tax assessment a THB 287.7 million.
? A THB 371.5 million increase in cash utilized in investing activities due to a THB 113.5 million increase in decoder capex as a result of higher sales volumes and due to increase of
THB 260.3 million as a result of ongoing investments in digital broadcast equipment and
compression equipment as part of our asset replacement plan in broadcast area.
? A Baht 21.8 million decrease in cash utilized in financing activities due to THB 58.1 million decline in lease repayments as some of the decoder lease obligation becomes fully settled,
THB 12.5 million being raised by a subsidiary (UBC Fantasia) as part of initial funding to
start its business which is partly offset by lower proceeds from staff exercising share options
year on year, repayment of some bank loans and having raised some debt last year. Prospects
19.Subscriber growth has improved despite the continued problem of piracy which supports the
strategies currently being executed.
20.As a result of improved subscriber numbers profitability is also improving.
21.Ideally the group would expect improved net growth as a result of revised pricing strategies
however high churn as a result of continued problems caused by the current regulator vacuum resulting in inequitable competition from local cable operators. We continue to work on envoking legal protection under the Copyright Act where this is possible but for significant improvement in the situation we really need to see improved Broadcasting regulation and the establishment of the National Broadcasting Commission with a strong focus on bringing activities of local cable operators under a controlled broadcasting regime.
22.The group has sufficient cash to meet its requirements and does not anticipate the need for any
additional funding in the near future.
Conclusion
23.The Governments efforts to deal with copyright infringement will be paramount to ensuring the
growth of a viable and legitimate pay TV industry. We are well placed in terms of content, sales and marketing and other acquisition tools, service and technology to continue to play the leading role in a legitimate pay TV market as well as take on competition from alternative platforms such as iPTV platforms.
Sincerely,
Vasili (Basil) Sgourdos
Chief Financial Officer, UBC Group
Certain statements in this document that are neither reported financial results nor other historical information are forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, statements that are predictions of or indicated future events, trends, plans or objectives. Undue reliance should not be placed on such statements because, by their nature, they are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties and can be affected by other factors, that could cause the actual results, plans and objectives of UBC
Group to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements (or from the past results).
Although UBC Group will attempt to revise and update on occasion forward-looking statements as a result of changed predictions, UBC Group undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any of these forward-looking statements, whether to reflect new information or future events or circumstances or otherwise.
ATTACHMENT A United Broadcasting Corporation Public Company Limited and subsidiaries
Operational Stats
For the years ended 31 December 2005
December 2005 December 2004 Growth
DStv 350,761 316,544 34,217
Catv - Analog 108,967 123,258 (14,291)
Catv - Digital 24,088 11,140 12,948
RNT - 6,600 (6,600)
Total 483,816 457,542 26,274
Average subscribers 467,050 444,897 22,153 4.98% Subscription revenues (Baht) 7,234,928,961 6,912,166,267
Monthly revenue per unit (Baht) 1,291 1,295 (3.82)-0.30%
ATTACHMENT B United Broadcasting Corporation Public Company Limited and subsidiaries
Income Statements
For the years ended 31 December 2005
(Unit : Baht) 2005 2004 Variance %
Revenues
Subscriptions 7,234,928,961 6,912,166,267 322,762,693 4.7% Installation 245,212,823 295,975,975 (50,763,152)-17.2% Decoder sales 146,560,472 137,310,973 9,249,498 6.7% Others 463,239,891 360,516,423 102,723,46828.5% Total revenues 8,089,942,146 7,705,969,639 383,972,507 5.0%
Operating expenses
Cost of providing services and installations 5,340,797,630 5,144,685,823 196,111,807 3.8% Cost of decoder sales 102,540,333 73,816,995 28,723,33838.9% Selling, general & administrative expenses 1,401,099,355 1,671,870,030 (270,770,676)-16.2% Reversal of allowance for non-recoverable VAT
and Withholding Tax (186,287,520) (403,153,872) 216,866,352-53.8% Total operating expenses 6,658,149,798 6,487,218,976 170,930,822 2.6%
Operating profit 1,431,792,348 1,218,750,662 213,041,68617.5% Financial results, net (233,689,145) (353,303,764) 119,614,619-33.9%
Net profit before taxation 1,198,103,203 865,446,898 332,656,30538.4% Allowance for tax assessment (287,679,630) (287,679,630)n.a. Taxation (103,212,642) - (103,212,642)n.a. Net profit before minority interest 807,210,931 865,446,898 (58,235,967)-6.7% Minority interest (19,104,853) (20,795,052) 1,690,200-8.1% Net profit for the period 788,106,078 844,651,846 (56,545,768)-6.7%
ATTACHMENT C
United Broadcasting Corporation Public Company Limited and subsidiaries
Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended 31 December 2005
(Unit : Baht) December 2005 December 2004 Variance %
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Cash from operations 2,670,643,591 2,976,056,360 (305,412,770)-10.3% Working capital changes (480,642,517) (659,513,214)178,870,697 -27.1% Net cash flow from operating activities 2,190,001,073 2,316,543,146 (126,542,073)-5.5%
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES (788,568,425) (417,021,705)(371,546,719)89.1%
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES (563,841,238) (585,629,581)21,788,343 -3.7%
NET CASH FLOW 837,591,411 1,313,891,860 (476,300,449)-36.3% Cash on hand at beginning of period 4,341,558,822 3,027,666,962
CASH AT END OF PERIOD 5,179,150,233 4,341,558,822
ATTACHMENT D United Broadcasting Corporation Public Company Limited and subsidiaries
Balance Sheets
As at 31 December 2005
(Unit : Baht) December 2005 December 2004 Variance
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents 5,179,150,233 4,341,558,822 837,591,411 Trade accounts receivable, net 296,722,237 224,989,834 71,732,402 Amounts owed by related parties 37,383,848 23,172,945 14,210,904 Refundable Value Added Tax and withholding tax, net 391,791,638 143,147,992 248,643,645 Film and program right, net 379,281,040 385,032,414 (5,751,374) Other current assets 174,886,962 161,446,671 13,440,291 Total Current Assets 6,459,215,958 5,279,348,679 1,179,867,279 Non-Current Assets
Tangible fixed assets, net 1,860,283,832 1,552,501,389 307,782,444 Concession assets, net 841 841 0 Intangible assets, net 1,505,227,479 1,750,682,723 (245,455,245) Film and program rights, net 31,583,859 42,801,373 (11,217,514) Inventories, net 64,964,805 70,467,682 (5,502,878) Other non-current assets 19,073,161 29,980,349 (10,907,189) Total Non-Current Assets 3,481,133,977 3,446,434,357 34,699,619 Total Assets 9,940,349,935 8,725,783,036 1,214,566,899 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term loan 20,904,438 20,742,365 162,074 Current finance lease obligations 347,117,950 297,455,216 49,662,734 Trade accounts payable 742,468,779 581,952,866 160,515,913 Accrued expenses 1,787,609,908 1,618,374,381 169,235,527 Amounts owed to related parties 329,495,242 428,005,996 (98,510,754) Deferred revenue 917,589,680 927,855,982 (10,266,302) Other current liabilities 498,058,264 161,721,172 336,337,093 Total Current Liabilities 4,643,244,262 4,036,107,977 607,136,286 Non-Current Liabilities
Long-term loan 28,765,416 49,669,854 (20,904,438) Finance lease obligations 902,811,195 1,190,692,357 (287,881,162) Liabilities under concession agreements 300,702,467 304,774,451 (4,071,983) Deposits received from customers 782,031,733 724,264,459 57,767,274 Provisions for employee benefits 85,371,021 73,302,029 12,068,992 Total Non-Current Liabilities 2,099,681,832 2,342,703,150 (243,021,318) Total Liabilities 6,742,926,095 6,378,811,127 364,114,968 Shareholders' Equity
Issued and paid-up share capital 2,266,721,910 7,524,748,700 (5,258,026,790) Share premium 6,900,243 6,668,158,566 (6,661,258,323) Legal reserve 39,405,304 14,893,450 24,511,854 Retained earnings/(Deficit) 748,700,774 (11,965,169,563) 12,713,870,338 Minority interest 135,695,608 104,340,756 31,354,853 Total Shareholders' Equity 3,197,423,840 2,346,971,909 850,451,931 Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity 9,940,349,935 8,725,783,036 1,214,566,899
ATTACHMENT E
United Broadcasting Corporation Public Company Limited and subsidiaries
Unusual Items Reconciliation
For the years ended 31 December 2005
Operating results B4 G/Will Operating profit Net Profit
after transponder lease interest
2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 As reported in the audited financial statement 1,355,974,030 1,112,699,699 1,431,792,348 1,218,750,662 788,106,078 844,651,846 Adjust for significant unusual items:
Write off of lost and impaired tangible fixed
assets 10,891,721 27,584,563 10,891,721 27,584,563 10,891,721 27,584,563
Long outstanding accrued expenses written
off (16,411,156) (1,080,187) (16,411,156) (1,080,187) (16,411,156) (1,080,187) Accrued interest - - - - - 11,857,250
Long outstanding accrued interest written off - - - - - (2,738,776) Reversal of allowance for non-recoverable
VAT and Withholding Tax (198,287,512) (403,153,872) (198,287,512) (403,153,872) (198,287,512) (403,153,872)
Prior year sub-licensing revenue - (20,000,000) - (20,000,000) - (20,000,000) Allowance for prior years non-recoverable
VAT 11,999,992 - 11,999,992 - 11,999,992 -
Credit arising on disposal/retirement of fixed
assets no longer in use (119,352,469) - (119,352,469) - (119,352,469) -Allowance for tax assessment - - - - 287,679,630 -
After adjusted for significant unusual
items 1,044,814,607 716,050,203 1,120,632,925 822,101,167 764,626,285 457,120,825
Net change THB 328,764,403 298,531,758 307,505,460
Net change % 45.9%36.3%67.3%
12
认识快速成型技术
教学难点与重点： 难点： 《产品逆向工程技术》教案 共 页 第 页 授课教师: 教研室： 备课日期： 年 月 日 课 题： 教 学 准 备： 教学目的与要求： 授 课 方 式： 项目四 快速成型技术认识 任务一 认识快速成型技术 PPT 掌握快速成型技术的原理、工作流程和特点。 讲授（90＇） 重点：快速成型技术的原理、工作流程和特点。 教 学 过 程： 上节课回顾→讲授课题→课堂小结
“ “ 张家界航院教案 第 页 上节课回顾： 讲授课题： 项目四 快速成型技术认识 通过前面的几节课我们学习了什么是逆向工程。通过逆向工程技术， 企业可以迅速的设计出符合当前流行趋势，以及符合人们消费需求的产品， 快速抢占市场。市场这块蛋糕就那么大，谁先抢到谁先吃，后来的就只能 看别人吃。现在的企业发展战略已经从以前的“如何做的更多、更好、更 便宜”转变成了“如何做的更快”。所以快速的响应市场需求，已经是制 造业发展的必经之路。 但是一件产品是不是设计出来就完事了？从设计到产品，中间还有一 个制造的过程，逆向工程解决了快速设计的问题，但是如果在制造加工阶 段耗费太长的时间，最后依然是无法快速的响应市场。尤其是在加工复杂 薄壁零件的时候，往往加工一件零件的周期要好几周，甚至几个月才能完 成，比如飞机发动机上的涡轮，加工周期要 90 天。 怎么解决这个问题呢？这就要用到今天我们这节课要讲的内容：快速 成型技术。快速成型技术就是在这种背景需求下发展起来的一种新型数字 化制造技术，利用这项技术可以快速的将设计思想转化为具有结构和功能 的原型或者是直接制造出零部件，以便可以对设计的产品进行快速评价、 修改。按照以往的技术，在生产一件样品的时候，要么开模、要么通过复 杂的机加工艺来生产，这样不管是从成本的角度还是时间的角度来讲，都 会带来成本的提高。而快速成型技术可以极大地缩短新产品的开发周期， 降低开发成本，最大程度避免产品研发失败的风险，提高了企业的竞争力。 任务一 认识快速成型技术 快速成型技术（Rapid Prototype ，简称 RP)有许多不同的叫法，比如 “3D 打印”( 3D printing)、分层制造”( layered manufacturing ，LM) 、增材制 造”（ additive manufacturing ，AM) 等。同学们最熟悉的应该就是“3D 打 印”，其实刚开始的时候，3D 打印本是特指一种采用喷墨打印头的快速成 型技术，演变至今，3D 打印成了所有快速成型技术的通俗叫法，但是现在 在学术界被统一称为“增材制造”。 增材制造是一种能够不使用任何工具（模具、各种机床），直接从三 维模型快速地制作产品物理原型也就是样件的技术，可以使设计者在产品 的设计过程中很少甚至不需要考虑制造工艺技术的问题。使用传统机加的 方法来加工零件时，在设计阶段设计师就需要考虑到零件的工艺性，是不 是能够加工出来。对于快速成型技术来讲，任意复杂的结构都可以利用它 的三维设计数据快速而精确的制造出来，解决了许多过去难以制造的复杂 结构零件的成型问题，实现了“自由设计，快速制造”。 一、物体成型的方式 之所以叫“增材制造”很好理解就是通过“堆积”材料的方式进行制 造。与之相应的还有“减材制造”和“等材制造”。在现代成型学的观点 中，物体的成型方式可分以下几类：
Gems Simics 安装报告
课程设计报告 多核全系统模拟器GEMS分析 班级： 学号： 姓名： 2011年7月
1 目的和背景 由于单核处理器的处理能力已经接近极限,很难再有提高,多核处理器体系结构应运而生。在处理器体系结构的设计中,由于用硬件做测试投资大，且不便于设计，不具有多次性，因此体系结构软件仿真技术是研究中的一门新技术。 而多核全系统模拟器GEMS/Simics框架能够模拟单核处理器、并行式多处理器、阵列式处理器等体系机构。故本此课设选用构建GEMS+Simics框架，先逐步介绍搭建GEMS+Simics的各个环节，然后初步的研究单核和多核运行时程序在每个CPU中的运行情况，分析模拟器的构成及各部分的功能及性能分析。 2 安装流程 2.1软件准备 1) 在Ubuntu的官方网站上获得32位的Ubuntu10.04 2) 由于GEMS是开源软件首先在https://https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/gems/registercgi下进行注册，然后再在https://https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/gems/download.html下进行下载 3)下载Simics时麻烦一些，先在https://https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/register/register.php地址上进行注册，而且必须作为学生或教职员工注册，然后申请免费的license。 4) 在https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zlib/网站上下载和自己的系统配套的zlib1g_1.2.3.3.dfsg-15ubuntu1_i386.deb和zlib1g-dev_1.2.3.3.dfsg-15ubuntu1_i386.deb 5) 在https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/index2/unixsystem/Solaris/sol-10-u2-ga-sparc-v4/或者https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/us/sun/index.htm或者在网站上获得Soloris ，建议使用前者2.2安装Ubuntu 此处不建议使用虚拟机安装，因为会影响到后面的安装，如果有CD/DVD可以直接用CD/DVD安装；也可以用USB或硬盘安装；最简单的是虚拟光驱wubi安装，但磁盘空间最大只能为30G，虽然之后可以用LVPM工具进行扩充，但不建议使用，因为速度很慢，且容易出错。最好采用CD/DVD安装。 2.3GEMS/Simics安装 1) 安装必要的工具 s udo apt-get update sudo apt-get install build-essential sudo apt-get install bison sudo apt-get install flex sudo dpkg –-install zlib1g_1.2.3.3.dfsg-7ubuntu1_i386.deb sudo dpkg –-install zlib1g-dev_1.2.3.3.dfsg-7ubuntu1_i386.deb
《神仙道》史上最完美的强化顺序
《神仙道》史上最完美的强化顺序 神仙道现在多数玩家的做法是，前期做5把紫色武器，2~4个紫色魂器，2~3套紫色防具，不做护符。到中期补齐魂器，90级以后补全所有的装备。当然也有的玩家选择一开始就做5套，当然这种玩家不是狂R，就是提不起来的。开始就做装备，浪费体力，是很不划算的事情，这一点大家都知道，在这里我就不多说了。怎么强化装备：降魔升阶到逍遥：只有降魔强到黑铁1级之前升阶的费用高于逍遥装备，因为基本上玩家不会在此时选择升阶，因此，忽略此点。而且提升降魔的强化等级越高，省下的费用也越高。 降魔连续升阶到朱雀：降魔强到黄金3级之前升阶的费用高于朱雀装备。因为玩家40级才可以穿朱雀装备，40级已经可以将降魔武器强化到黄金10。 降魔连续升阶到玄奇：降魔强到红玉5级之前升阶的费用高于玄奇装备。因为玩家60级才可以穿玄奇装备，60级已经可以将降魔强化到红玉10。 降魔连续升阶到倚天、赤霄、天罡……：如果从降魔阶段，即使强化到神器级别，升级总成本也高于由青铜1级紫装强化的费用。因此，此时我们选择从降魔装直接升阶，然后再强化。 顺便说一下，不通品阶相同强化等级的强化费用是相同的，因此，我们越早选择提升装备品阶，越晚强化越划算，但是由于强化的晚会影响到使用时的属性，因此选择一个合理的时机强化，才会更加省钱。 另外，因为武器和魂器一般玩家都是初始阶段就做成紫色装备的，因此基本上都是有相应高阶的制作卷轴和材料后，尽早的升级，然后再选择强化到适用即可，切忌强化越高越好的理论，毕竟后期强化的费用是天文数字的。而初始准备的两套防具也是如此。而后期所补的装备，等待升阶当前最高品阶以后再强化才是最划算的。 强化装备顺序：90级之前，我们只需要准备2~3套防具即可（帽子，衣服，鞋子），武器是每个伙伴必备一把的，魂器也是如此，护符可以不准备，等90级以后补齐就可以了，但是对于武器，魂器，防具，护符该优先强哪一个，各强到什么等级呢？ 个人认为，我们应该优先强武器，保证输出，其次魂器，同样为了输出。然后才是防具，90级之前防具先强衣服，保证普通防御，90级之后强靴子，保证绝技防御，由于帽子增加属性优先，可以晚一点强化，最后强化的是护符，毕竟护符加的血量是有限的，效果不理想。 武器在90级之前，强到红玉1即可，钱不足的可以适当降低，但最好要高于暗金1，保证输出。90级以后可以镀金，优先镀金的都是武器，此时就需要将武器强到宝器1级别了，有钱的可以适当的继续强化。魂器的强化费用是武器的2倍，因此魂器90级之前我们强到黄金1就可以了，90之后可以强到红玉1，如果有能力镀金可以继续强化。靴子的强化费用为武器的一半，由于初期对于绝技防御要求比较低，因此90级之前强化到暗金1即可，90级以后需要仅次于武器对靴子镀金，镀金后需要将其强化到至少宝器1级别。衣服的强化费用是武器的0.55倍，初期对普通防御要求比较高，因此至少要强到暗金1级别，有能力的要强到红玉1。帽子的强化费用为武器的0.45倍，比较便宜，但由于所增加的属性较靴子和衣服
常用快速成型基本方法简介
1前言 快速成型(Rapid Prototyping)是上世纪80年代末及90 年代初发展起来的高新制造技术，是由三维CAD模型直接驱动的快速制造任意复杂形状三维实体的总称。它集成了CA D技术、数控技术、激光技术和材料技术等现代科技成果，是先进制造技术的重要组成部分。由于它把复杂的三维制造转化为一系列二维制造的叠加，因而可以在不用模具和工具的条件下生成几乎任意复杂的零部件，极大地提高了生产效率和制造柔性。 与传统制造方法不同，快速成型从零件的CAD几何模型出发，通过软件分层离散和数控成型系统，用激光束或其他方法将材料堆积而形成实体零件。通过与数控加工、铸造、金属冷喷涂、硅胶模等制造手段相结合，已成为现代模型、模具和零件制造的强有力手段，在航空航天、汽车摩托车、家电等领域得到了广泛应用。 2 快速成型的基本原理 快速成型技术采用离散/堆积成型原理，根据三维CAD模型，对于不同的工艺要求，按一定厚度进行分层，将三维数字模型变成厚度很薄的二维平面模型。再将数据进行一定的处理，加入加工参数，产生数控代码，在数控系统控制下以平面加工方式连续加工出每个薄层，并使之粘结而成形。实际上就是基于“生长”或“添加”材料原理一层一层地离散叠加，从底至顶完成零件的制作过程。快速成型有很多种工艺方法，但所有的快速成型工艺方法都是一层一层地制造零件，所不同的是每种方法所用的材料不同，制造每一层添加材料的方法不同。
快速成型的基本原理图 快速成型的工艺过程原理如下: (1)三维模型的构造:在三维CAD设计软件中获得描述该零件的CAD文件。一般快速成型支持的文件输出格式为STL模型，即对实体曲面做近似的所谓面型化(Tessellation)处理，是用平面三角形面片近似模型表面。以简化CAD模型的数据格式。便于后续的分层处理。由于它在数据处理上较简单，而且与CAD系统无关，所以很快发展为快速成型制造领域中CAD系统与快速成型机之间数据交换的标准，每个三角面片用四个数据项表示。即三个顶点坐标和一个法向矢量，整个CAD模型就是这样一个矢量的集合。在一般的软件系统中可以通过调整输出精度控制参数，减小曲面近似处理误差。如Pre/1E软件是通过选定弦高值(ch-chordheight)作为逼近的精度参数。 (2)三维模型的离散处理:在选定了制作(堆积)方向后，通过专用的分层程序将三维实体模型(一般为STL模型)进行一维离散，即沿制作方向分层切片处理，获取每一薄层片截面轮廓及实体信息。分层的厚度就是成型时堆积的单层厚度。由于分层破坏了切片方向CAD模型表面的连续性，不可避免地丢失了模型的一些信息，导致零件尺寸及形状误差的产生。切片层的厚度直接影响零件的表面粗糙度和整个零件的型面精度，每一层面的轮廓信息都是由一系列交点顺序连成的折线段构成。所以，分层后所得到的模型轮廓已经是近似的，层与层之间的轮廓信息已经丢失，层厚越大丢失的信息越多，导致在成型过程中产生了型面误差。
虚幻3引擎打造,大型解谜游戏《 梦境：逃离》Dream：scape 评测
虚幻3引擎打造,大型解谜游戏《梦境：逃离》Dream:scape 评测 进入梦想：逃离——一种身临其境的互动体验，一种探险式的小说情景将会进入你的世界。 你将扮演Wilson——一个被困在生与死边缘的男人，他通过梦境模拟回忆他的过去。寻找工具来战胜梦境守卫者，找寻埋藏的秘密，将目光投向新的神秘世界。 宁静的意象会转变为黑暗的奇迹，盘旋着到达无法逃脱的顶点。梦想：逃离是一个由爱、神秘、终点和复仇构成的世界。 游戏特色： – 通过互动3D世界呈现的引人入胜的故事,撰写日志,超过10分钟的英文口语对话； – Isaias Garcia创作的原声音乐； – 近三十个的完全开放世界让你探索,具有充分的内部和外部特征； – 可以解锁免费的漫游选项； – 直观的控制和内部世界的相互作用。 梦想：逃离是一个虚拟的体验，也许只能持续几个小时，但却能像你最喜欢的书一样被长久记住。 注意：梦想:逃离利用英文口语和印刷文本，务必将您的设备音频功能打开。法语和西班牙语版本也即将面世。 进入游戏，我们就能看到游戏的标题：《dream:scape》 游戏伊始，我们就见到了这位稻草人姑娘。从和她的交谈中得知，我们扮演的是一位失意的男子，要在梦境中寻找到自己的过去。
对话结束，我们进入游戏界面。游戏提供的按钮、选项并不。左上角的是暂停按钮，右上角的是地图、日志，左下方的虚拟摇杆用来控制人物的走动，右下方的则是控制视角。 游戏提供了简单的新手教学。 点击右上角的日志按钮，我们可以看到游戏提供的地图等。
由于是使用虚幻3引擎制作的游戏，不论是流动的河水，还是斑驳的树影，通通体现出了画面的精致！ 过场动画也做的相当惟妙惟肖！
Ruby的简单实例
Ruby的简单实例 ?出处：站长百科 ?原文地址：https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,/wiki/Ruby的简单实例 ?本电子书整理自站长百科Ruby简单实例词条，查看内容请访问网站。 让我们写一个计算阶乘的函数.对于阶乘的数学定义如下: n! = 1 (当 n==0 时) = n * (n-1)! (其它情况) 在Ruby里,可以这样来写: def fact(n) if n == 0 1 else n * fact(n-1) end end ?出处：站长百科
你可能会发现 end 的反复出现,正因为如此,Ruby被叫做"类Algol"语言.(实际上,Ruby的语法更像Eiffel).同时,你也可能会发现这段函数缺少 return语句.在这里是可以用return的,但却不是必须的,因为一个Ruby的函数会自动返回它所最后赋值的元素. 让我们来试试我们的阶乘函数.加入一行代码会使它成为一个可工作的程序: # Program to find the factorial of a number # Save this as fact.rb def fact(n) if n == 0 1 else n * fact(n-1) end end print fact(ARGV[0].to_i), "\n" ?出处：站长百科
这里,ARGV是一个包含命令行参数的数组,to_i将字符串转化为整数. % ruby fact.rb 1 1 % ruby fact.rb 5 120 当参数为40时它可以工作吗?它将使你的计算器产生溢出(overflow)... % ruby fact.rb 40 815915283247897734345611269596115894272000000000 它确实算出来了.实际上,Ruby能处理任何你机器的内存所允许的整数.实际上400!也可以: % ruby fact.rb 400 6403452284662389526234797031950300585070258302600295945 8684 4459428023971691868314362784786474632646762943505750358?出处：站长百科
DOTA1 6.83版拉比克丢坑攻略
首先感谢09！一直以来最爱的英雄是发条地精，看了09的发条视频后心痒难搔，从此爱上了杂技装，爱上了“秀”，于是拉比克这种本来跟我不太想干的酱油辅助英雄就走入了笔者的视角中，我想藉此练练操作。不料却从此意外地走进了“坑”中。 众所周知，拉比克的Z是一个很有趣的技能，可以把对方的英雄丢出325的距离，如果丢到了某些蛋疼的地方，就可以把对方英雄卡住，如果对方没有特殊的技能和装备，那就只能被吊打了。虽然经过冰蛙的修正，地图上大部分的BUG点已经不复存在，不过还是剩下了许多。 笔者从6.81版本开始玩拉比克，也看过一些前辈玩家们写的丢坑教程，受了些启发，开始注意到地图的角、窝、高层悬崖的壁上都是容易出BUG的地方（地图的边缘我基本没试过，有兴趣的可以去试试），由此开始大量的测试和实战运用，颇有心得。6.83地图刚出，笔者就迫不及待地开始了丢坑测试，发现6.83的坑比6.81只多没少，真是喜出望外！废话不多说，开丢—— 一、高地丢坑篇。 先从天灾高地说起，这几个坑在虐泉和反虐泉时有用，丢坑点4个，如图： 丢坑效果如下： 另外高地上2个埋骨地、2个牺牲深渊、3个近战兵营、3个远程兵营乃至冰封王座都是可以
丢进去的，丢坑点11个，如图：
当鼠标点到这些建筑时，建筑脚下会出现一个红圈，BUG点就在红圈的圆心上，以最容易找准的牺牲深渊为例，那个坑就是牺牲深渊中间漩涡的最中心，也就是那个白点。把人往建筑里丢的难度很大，点歪一点都不行，请读者自行体会，多加练习吧。 与天灾高地类似，近卫高地丢坑点计15个，丢坑效果如下：
高地丢坑篇完。双方高地上已探明的丢坑点总计30个。 二、近卫野区丢坑篇。 近卫野区到河道那个斜坡两侧的坑是笔者最早知道的两个坑，其中右边的那个坑是最容易丢的也是最常用到的坑；近卫中路小野点的那个坑也非常好丢；而近卫野区中路大野点附近的几个点则不容易用来丢人，但另有妙用，后面再讲。丢坑点如下：
全国各地旅游景点一览表格
全国经典旅游景点一览表 北京 故宫博物院、天坛公园、颐和园、（八达岭-慕田峪）长城旅游区、明十三陵景区、恭王府景区、石花洞风景名胜、店人遗址、什刹海、京杭大运河、八大处、密云县古北口镇、九渡河镇、东坝古镇、王四营 燕京八景：太液秋风、琼岛春阴、金台夕照、蓟门烟树、西山晴雪、玉泉趵突、卢沟晓月、居庸叠翠 天津 古文化街旅游区（津门故里）、盘山风景名胜区、大悲禅院、文庙、挂甲寺、五大道租借区、平津战役纪念馆、天塔湖风景区、南市食品街、周恩来邓颖超纪念馆、大沽口炮台、九龙山国家森林公园、九山顶自然风景区、八仙山国家级自然保护区、霍元甲纪念馆、凯旋王国主题公园、意式风情区 上海 明珠广播电视塔、野生动物园、科技馆、豫园、陆家嘴、外滩万国建筑群、路步行街、世博园 重庆 大足石刻景区、巫山（小三峡）、武隆喀斯特旅游区(天生三桥、仙女山、芙蓉洞) 、酉阳桃花源景区、奉节小寨天坑、白帝城、青龙瀑布红岩革命纪念馆、抗战遗址博物馆、綦江黑山谷景区、南川金、武陵山大裂谷、飞庙 河北 ：避暑山庄及周围寺庙景区
：山海关景区、北戴河风景名胜区 ：安新白洋淀景区、野三坡景、大慈阁 ：西柏坡景区、清西陵 市：清东陵、南湖景区 ：崆山白云洞、峡谷群 江 ：园林（拙政园、虎丘、留园）、昆山周庄古镇景区、金鸡湖景区、吴江同里古镇景区、寒山寺、网师园、狮子林、沧浪亭、环秀山庄、退思园、锦溪镇、周庄镇、同里镇、甪直镇、木渎镇、虎丘、乐园、玄妙观、盘门三景、乐园 ：钟山-陵园景区、夫子庙-淮河风光带景区、明孝陵、鸡鸣寺、玄武湖、灵谷寺、总统府、朝天宫、江南贡院、莫愁湖、燕子矶、阅江楼、雨花台、明城墙、甘熙宅第、瞻园、栖霞寺、汤山温泉、博物院、、莫愁湖、长江大桥、梅花山、白鹭洲公园、中华门、将军山风景区、阳山碑材、静海寺、天妃宫 ：影视基地三国水浒景区、灵山大佛景区、鼋头渚风景区、锡惠公园、灵山胜境、善卷洞、竹海 ：恐龙城休闲旅游区、武进太湖湾旅游度假区、嬉戏谷、中华孝道园、中国春秋淹城旅游区、淹城春秋乐园、淹城野生动物世界、淹城遗址、大运河、天宁风景名胜区、红梅公园、东坡公园、舣舟亭、红梅阁、青枫公园、亚细亚影视城、武进市新天地公园、天目湖旅游度假区、南山竹海、吴越弟一峰、熊猫馆、天目湖御水温泉、茅山风景名胜区、茅山盐湖城 ：瘦西湖景区、高邮旅游集聚区、宝应旅游集聚区、仪征旅游集聚区、抗日战争最后一役纪念馆、大明寺、个园、仙鹤寺、汉陵苑、神居山、盂城驿、龙虬庄遗址、镇国寺塔、文游台、古悟空寺、中国邮驿文化城、高邮湖芦苇荡湿地公园、高邮湖滩郊野公园 ：濠河风景区、博物苑、狼山、如皋水绘园 ：梅兰芳纪念馆、溱湖国家湿地公园、溱潼古镇、兴化垛田风光带、凤城河景区 ：三山景区（金山-北固山-焦山）、茅山、赤山、宝华山、南山、伯先公园、英国领事馆、西津渡、蒜山、招隐寺、圌山、五柳堂、五卅演讲厅、扬中园博园 ：云龙湖、云龙山、龟山汉墓、祖园、邳州艾山风景名胜区、马陵山风景区、沛县汉城、汉画像石艺术馆、窑湾古镇、蟠桃山佛教文化景区、安湖湿地公园、博物馆、大洞山风景区、
《Ruby on Rails敏捷开发最佳实践》PDF教程
《Ruby on Rails敏捷开发最佳实践-精典章节收录》PDF教程 申明:本PDF教程由https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,网站搜集整理，如需转载，请务必注明出处。介绍:Ruby On Rails框架一经推出，立即引起B/S结构应用开发领域革命性的变化：开发者无需理会架构，只需要按Rails框架的约定向应用中填充代码，一切OK。 为了让众多Ruby On Rails学习、工作者，以及准备使用Ruby On Rails作为开发平台的开发人员能快速掌握Ruby On Rails的开发，作者精心编写了本书，书中既详细讲解了Ruby语言的基本语法，又重点介绍了Rails框架相关知识点的各种用法。最后给出两个综合案例，作为Ruby On Rails应用开发者的参考，读者可以通过这两个案例触类旁通，解决日常开发中的问题。 读者对象 本书适用于正在使用Ruby On Rails进行应用开发的开发人员、渴望了解Ruby On Rails框架的开发人员，尤其适合有初步的Java EE开发经验，想从Java EE平台过渡到Ruby On Rails开发平台的开发者。（未完待续） https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,
第15章Rails 的邮件抽象层 本章要点 ·电子邮件的基础知识 ·SMTP 协议初步 ·POP3协议初步 ·在Ruby 程序中使用SMTP 支持发送邮件 ·在Ruby 程序中使用POP3支持接收邮件 ·ActionMailer::Base 的邮件支持 ·在Rails 应用中发送邮件 ·发送HTML 格式邮件 ·发送带附件的邮件 ·电子邮件在实际应用中的用途 ·账户需要激活的优势 ·实现注册激活系统 15.4注册激活系统 本章将介绍一个注册激活系统，当用户输入注册信息时，必须输入有效的邮箱，当用户注册成功后，并不能立即登录系统，而要登录注册时输入的邮箱，然后通过该邮箱内的激活邮件来激活自己账户。通过这种方式可以防止用户恶意注册，保证用户必须输入有效的邮箱地址。 15.4.1基本注册功能 当用户注册一个账户时，实际上就等同于向底层数据表增加一条记录，因此本应用必须有持久层支持。本示例应用的注册功能需要一个数据表支持，该数据表用于保存系统的所有注册账户。下面是本应用的数据库脚本： drop database if exists regist_development; create database regist_development; use regist_development; --创建用户表 create table users ( id int not null auto_increment,
IOS 安卓鬼泣4攻略 十大章节全流程通关攻略
IOS/安卓鬼泣4攻略十大章节全流程通关攻略鬼泣4攻略给大家带来的是流程全部图文解析，鬼泣4攻略分别把第一章到第十章如何通关都列出来了，相信鬼泣4攻略对大家还是非常有用的，对每一章的剧情了解一下掌握住技巧自然就很容易了。 【第一章：红衣男子】 本章剧情描述：在盛大的魔剑仪式时，突然冲出一个红衣男子袭击杀死了教皇，主角尼禄与他交锋了起来。。。 第一章，没啥可说的，跟着指示把但丁往死里打就成。 【第二章：地狱门】 本章剧情描述：接上一集，红衣男子与尼禄交锋到一半时就瞬间消失了，尼禄跑出教堂追赶，一出门看到怪物肆意破坏。。。跟随怪物出现的足迹，尼禄终于找到地狱之门，遇到强敌炎之霸主贝利亚鲁。 第二章，房间能转悠的都转下，准能转到小贝房间，路上的箱子记得砍砍，有血/魂;BOSS打法很简单：面向BOSS靠左侧用鬼手抓跳后斩击打头。 【第三章：白雪之翼】 本集剧情描述：随着贝利亚鲁口中的男子，尼禄又来到了冰雪之城，遇到了骑士教团的新人葛萝莉亚，交谈片刻后便各自离去，最后遇到强敌‘恶魔骑士’(其实是哑巴骑士) 第三章，同样能转的房间都转下;遇到BOSS后，打法也很简单：绕到他背后猛砍就行了，别正面突击。遇到冲击缓冲近身一个‘喂狗’把BOSS翘起来猛砍! 【第四章：暴风雪与大蟾蜍】 本集剧情描述：打败了守门人恶魔骑士，尼禄来到了弗城，继续追寻红衣男子的踪迹。随后遇到冰封这里的幕后操作者‘贝利亚’，展开了激烈的战斗。。。 第四章：途中遇到一个机关(见图2)，意思让你打下左墙的蓝火后，中间三个灯会随机出现闪 烁(7-3次)，用记忆记下顺序来打灯，门就开了;如果打错(闪红灯)，那再打下蓝火，重新记闪灯顺序打灯(多错几次，灯的闪烁次数就少，那就更简单记忆闪烁顺序了,本瓶测试至三盏灯各闪
世界33大著名旅游景点(组图)
第1位—美国大峡谷-TheGrandCanyon 美国大峡谷是一个举世闻名的自然奇观，位于西部亚利桑那州西北部的凯巴布高原上，总面积2724．7平方公里。由于科罗拉多河穿流其中，故又名科罗拉多大峡谷，它是联合国教科文组织选为受保护的天然遗产之一。
第2位—澳大利亚的大堡礁—GreatBarrierReef 世界上有一个最大最长的珊瑚礁群，它就是有名的大堡礁—GreatBarrierReefo它纵贯蜿蜒于澳洲的东海岸，全长2011公里，最宽处161公里。南端最远离海岸241公里，北端离海岸仅16公里。在落潮时，部分的珊瑚礁露出水面形成珊瑚岛。 第3位—美国佛罗里达州—Flori—dl
佛罗里达风景最亮丽的棕榈海滩是全球著名的旅游天堂之一，适宜的气候、美丽的海滩、精美的饮食、艺术展览和文艺演出，即使是最挑剔的游客，在棕榈海滩也能满意而归。每年的四月，棕榈海滩的艺术活动是最丰富多彩的，包括各种海滩工艺品展览，其中于4月4 日启动的棕榈海滩爵士节以展示美国最杰出的爵士音乐而赢得了艺术爱好者的青睐。 第4位—新西兰的南岛-Soutls—land
新西兰位于南太平洋，西隔塔斯曼海与澳大利亚相望，西距澳大利亚1600公里，东邻汤加、斐济国土面积为二十七万平方公里，海岸线长6900千米，海岸线上有许多美丽的海滩。 第5位—好望角一CapeTown
好望角为太平洋与印度洋冷暖流水的分界，气象万变，景象奇妙，耸立于大海，更有高逾二干尺的达卡马峰，危崖峭壁，卷浪飞溅，令人眼界大开。 第6位—金庙-GoldenTemple
金庙位于印度边境城市阿姆利则。作为锡克教的圣地，阿姆利则意为“花蜜池塘”。金庙由锡克教第5代祖师阿尔琼1589年主持建造，1601年完工，迄今已有400年历史。因该庙门及大小19个圆形寺顶均贴满金箔，在阳光照耀下，分外璀璨夺目，一直以来被锡克人尊称为“上帝之殿”。 第7位—拉斯维加斯-LasVegas
快速成型技术及应用论文
基于激光快速成型技术的金属快速成型技术 摘要:文章详细介绍了金属粉末快速成型的研究现状 ,分析了金属粉末选择性激光烧结的工艺特点,对这些工艺的影响因素进行了讨论。 关键词：选区激光烧结;金属零件;影响因素。 引言 快速制造 (Rapid Manufacturing) 金属零件一直受到国内外的广泛重视 , 是当今快速成型领域的一个重要研究方向。到目前为止 ,用于直接成型金属材料、制备三维金属零件的技术主要有激光近形制造与金属粉末的选择性激光烧结技术。激光近形制造(LENS) ,又称激光熔覆制造或熔滴制造 ,它将激光熔覆工艺与激光快速成型技术相结合 , 利用激光熔覆工艺逐层堆积累加材料，形成具有三维形状的三维结构。在该方面 ,美国的Aeromet、德国的汉诺威激光中心以及清华大学激光加工研究中心等均进行了大量的研究 , 并得到了具有一定形状的三维实体零件。有异于激光近形制造 ,选择性激光烧结则有选择地逐层烧结固化粉末金属得到三维零件。在这一领域，美国的DTM丶德国的汉诺威激光中心等进行了多元金属的烧结研究。就选区激光烧结(SelectiveLaser Sintering , SLS)而言 ,根据成型用金属粉末的不同 , 人们又开发出多种工艺途径来实现金属零件的烧结成型 ,主要有三种途径:一是利用金属粉末与有机粘结剂粉末共混粉体的间接烧结，金属粉末与有机粘结剂粉末均匀共混，烧结中，低熔点的粘结剂粉末熔化并将高熔点的金属粉末粘结，形成原型(“绿件”)，经后处理，烧失粘结剂，形成“褐件”，最后通过金属熔渗工艺得到致密的金属件；二是利用金属混合粉末的直接烧结 , 其中一种粉末具有较低的熔点(如铜粉) ,另一种粉末熔点较高 (如铁粉) ,烧结中低熔点的金属粉末铜熔化并将难熔的铁粉粘结在一起 , 这种方法同样需要较大功率激光器；三是利用单一成分金属粉末的直接烧结,这种方法目前主要用于低熔点金属粉末的烧结，对熔点高的金属粉末，需采用大功率激光器。本文分别对上述的间接和直接烧结成型工艺进行了初步的研究。 1 SLS的烧结原理 激光选择性烧结快速成型技术是使用激光束熔化或烧结粉末材料 ,利用分层的思想 ,把计算机中的 CAD 模型直接成型为三维实体零件。它的创新之处在于将激光、光学、温度控制和材料相联系。SLS烧结原理如图1所示，烧结过程可分为三部分: (1)首先在粉体床上铺一薄层粉体 , 并压实 , 可以根据需要 ,在激光烧结前进行预热; (2)激光照射粉体层 ,烧结粉体，形成所设计零件一层的形状；(3) 粉体床下降一个薄层厚度的距离;重复上面的过程 ,直到原型零件完成。 SLS对粉末烧结的明显优势在于: (1) 和其它的加工方法比较，能获得优良的材料性能，同时，它的加工材料范围比较宽 (聚合物、金属、陶瓷、铸造砂等)；(2) 易于实现液相烧结 , 烧结周期比较短; (3) 比传统的烧结方法更易得到密实的以粉末金属为原料的产品；(4)工艺比较简单 , 烧结路线、烧结温度便于控制。
ruby入门教程 免费篇
介绍 这是一个短小的Ruby入门，完全读完只需20分钟。这里假设读者已经安装了Ruby，如果你没有安装的话，请在阅读文前访问Ruby 官方网站进行下载并安装。 交互式的Ruby 打开IRB（交互式Ruby外壳）： 如果你使用Mac OS X，那么请打开终端窗口输入irb； 如果你使用Linux，那么请打开shell输入irb； 如果你使用windows，那么请在开始菜单中找到Ruby->fxri，并执行它。 Ok，在打开IRB之后，在其中输入"Hello World"。 Ruby听从你的安排! 发生了什么？我们刚才编写了世界上最短小的“Hello World”程序吗？这么说不太确切。第二行输出是IRB告诉我们：上一个表达式的评
估结果。如果我们希望打印出“Hello World”，那么就还需要一点努力： puts在Ruby中是一个简单的打印输出命令。后面的“=>nil”表示什么？——那是表达式的结果。Puts总是返回nil，这是Ruby中表示“绝对无值”（absolutely-positively-nothing value）的方式，看上去有些类似Java中的null。 你的免费计算器在这里！ 无需做什么，我们就能把IRB作为一个简单的计算器使用： 这样就能计算3+2。够简单的！那么3乘以2如何？你可以在下面继续输入3*2，也可以回到上面（3+2处）重新修改你刚刚输入的计算公式。使用键盘上的向上键，使光标到达3+2那一行，再用左键移动光标到加号上，然后使用空格键进行修改。
下面，让我们尝试计算3的平方： 在Ruby语言中，**表示幂运算。那么如何计算平方根呢？ Ok，等一下，表达式中的sqrt(9)表示什么？你一定能猜到这是计算9的平方根。而Math表示什么？不要着急，下面就让我们进一步了解像Math这样的模块。 模块——按照主题分组的代码 Math是Ruby内建的数学模块。在Ruby中，模块提供了两种角色：一种角色是将类似的方法聚集在同一个“家族”名下。因此，Math 也包括sin、tan这样的方法。第二种角色是一个圆点（dot），它标记了消息的接收者。什么是消息？在上面的例子中，sqrt(9)便是消息，它意味着调用sqrt方法取出9的平方根。 Sqrt方法调用的结果是3.0。你可能注意到它并不是3。这是因为多数情况下，数字的平方根并不是整数，所以这里返回了一个浮点数。
快速成型技术及其发展综述
计算机集成制造技术与系统——读书报告 题目名称： 专业班级： 学号： 学生姓名： 指导老师
快速成型技术及其发展 摘要：快速成型技术兴起于20世纪80年代，是现代工业发展不可或缺的一个重要环节。本文介绍了快速成型技术的产生、技术原理、工艺特点、设备特点等方面，同时简述快速成型技术在国内的发展历程。 关键词：快速成型烧结固化叠加发展服务 1 快速成形技术的产生 快速原型（Rapid Prototyping，RP）技术，又称快速成形技术，是当今世界上飞速发展的制造技术之一。快速成形技术最早产生于二十世纪70年代末到80年代初，美国3M公司的阿伦赫伯特于1978年、日本的小玉秀男于1980年、美国UVP公司的查尔斯胡尔1982年和日本的丸谷洋二1983年，在不同的地点各自独立地提出了RP的概念，即用分层制造产生三维实体的思想。查尔斯胡尔在UVP的继续支持下，完成了一个能自动建造零件的称之为Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA)的完整系统SLA-1，1986年该系统获得专利，这是RP发展的一个里程碑。同年，查尔斯胡尔和UVP的股东们一起建立了3D System公司。与此同时，其它的成形原理及相应的成形系统也相继开发成功。1984年米歇尔法伊杰提出了薄材叠层（Laminated Object Manufacturing，以下简称LOM）的方法，并于1985年组建Helisys 公司，1992年推出第一台商业成形系统LOM-1015。1986年，美国Texas大学的研究生戴考德提出了选择性激光烧结(Selective Laser Sintering，简称SLS)的思想，稍后组建了DTM 公司，于1992年开发了基于SLS的商业成形系统Sinterstation。斯科特科瑞普在1988年提出了熔融成形(Fused Deposition Modeling，简称FDM)的思想，1992年开发了第一台商业机型3D-Modeler。 自从80年代中期SLA光成形技术发展以来到90年代后期，出现了几十种不同的RP技术，但是SLA、SLS和FDM几种技术，目前仍然是RP技术的主流，最近几年LJP（立体喷墨打印）技术发展迅速，以色列、美国、日本等国的RP设备公司都力推此类技术设备。 2基本原理 快速成形技术是在计算机控制下，基于离散、堆积的原理采用不同方法堆积材料，最终完成零件的成形与制造的技术。 1、从成形角度看，零件可视为“点”或“面”的叠加。从CAD电子模型中离散得到“点”或“面”的几何信息，再与成形工艺参数信息结合，控制材料有规律、精确地由点到面，由面到体地堆积零件。 2、从制造角度看，它根据CAD造型生成零件三维几何信息，控制多维系统，通过激光束或其他方法将材料逐层堆积而形成原型或零件。 3快速成型技术特点 RP技术与传统制造方法（即机械加工）有着本质的区别，它采用逐渐增加材料的方法（如凝固、焊接、胶结、烧结、聚合等）来形成所需的部件外型，由于RP技术在制造产品的过程中不会产生废弃物造成环境的污染，（传统机械加工的冷却液等是污染环境的），因此在当代讲究生态环境的今天，这也是一项绿色制造技术。 RP技术集成了CAD、CAM、激光技术、数控技术、化工、材料工程等多项技术，解决了传统加工制造中的许多难题。 RP技术的基本工作原理是离散与堆积，在使用该技术时，首先设计者借助三维CAD或者
Ruby语言入门教程
Ruby语言入门教程 Version0.6 编著张开川 kaichuan_zhang@https://www.360docs.net/doc/9917676639.html,
目录 自序 (3) 第一章概述 (4) 1.1编程语言的发展简史 (4) 1.2编程其实很容易 (5) 1.3Ruby的由来 (6) 1.4Ruby的特性 (7) 第二章 (8) 2.1下载Ruby1.8.5 (8) 2.2安装Ruby1.8.5for Windows (8) 2.3开始第一个小程序 (10) 2.4ruby语言的集成开发环境 (12) 第三章语法快览 (14) 3.1注释与分行 (14) 3.2分隔符 (15) 3.3关键字 (16) 3.4运算符 (17) 3.5标识名和变量的作用域 (19) 3.6类库 (19) 3.7数据类型 (20) 3.8赋值和条件运算符 (21) 3.9条件判断语句 (22) 3.10循环语句 (24) 3.11常与线程 (29) 3.12一个综合小练习 (30) 第四章一切都是对象 (31) 4.1两种思维方式 (31) 4.2对象 (32) 4.3封装 (33) 4.4继承 (34) 4.5多态36小跋37
自序 其它编程语言的学习都主要来自于书本，而Ruby的学习却是完全经由网络。我想，回报网络的最好方式就是在网络上还没有Ruby中文书籍的时候，编著一本Ruby中文入门教材。感谢编程语言发展史上的前辈们；感谢网络论坛上程序员们或是理智，或是激烈的讨论；感谢一切看到这本书的人。 曾经经受了SCJP的挖掘、挖掘、再挖掘（基于1.4，还没有Java5，Java6的许多特性），初遇Ruby，觉得十分亲切，仿佛童年时得到一个新奇的玩具。把玩之后，才发现玩具的塑料外壳里，藏着一把瑞士军刀。自此，模式、框架常常变得多余，很多时候可以更直接。好比在量子时代，星际航行只是一次时空转换而已，航天飞机静静地躺在博物馆里，那是旧时代科学的极致代表。 从物理课本中，我们感受到爱因斯坦的伟大，但对牛顿则怀以更加崇敬的心情。身体终将消逝，而你，我，他——我们的意识却将在网络中延续。旧时代文明的延续依赖于纸质书籍，书籍传递了理性之光。也许直觉才是这个宇宙本体的最初相用，直觉是一种天赋，我无从把握，但是理性，如此真切实在，她照亮了我，照亮了你，直到未来。 思，亘古如斯又倏忽闪现，谁的惊愕能深究它。 ——海德格尔 张开川 2006年12月31日
7 0五人本成就：须史诗难度完成 奖励紫色角鹰
7.0五人本成就：须史诗难度完成奖励紫色角鹰 注意7.0的成就要在5M完成！ 成就一览
艾萨拉之眼 但你说他只是朋友[tudou] boss召唤的小怪杀法系留物理，不吃控制，建议2坦，记得打断。 继续哭哭[tudou] 11个小怪是3波，建议2坦，队伍成员最好有群控或群缓；没事的时候离小怪远点、脸别面朝他们，免得误杀。 准备好出副本五
个人成就，躲就对了。 耐萨里奥巢穴 收集控[tudou] 拿副本门口NPC卖的石板拍蜗牛，找不到就/tar，清怪时不要误伤，特别是4和5；这个成就可以分次做，且拍蜗牛时距离太远的人拿不到成就。(若蜗牛没有被拍死而是被误伤死，副本打完后过一阵子似乎会刷新。)
饱食不止一顿[tudou] boss每吞噬一次就迭一层buff，增伤50%，2波小怪+坦克被吃2次就是6层，注意被吃下去的时候不在队友视野也无法施放技能，要提前开技能。 幽暗地道 没时间浪费[制作中] 很薄、持续AOE的伤害不低，但可以控场，绑晕缓锁都吃，引导的时间之锁可以打断或驱散，其
自身AOE的范围也只有15码；录像的结尾可以看见小怪远远把法师晕住了之后反而没什么威胁。小队分组可能使boss打断轮不过来(偷buff消耗极大)，如果控制技能不够可以上多坦补配置，只不过打2坦2补唯一的dd会像录像上那样疲于奔命，若是2坦1补就让治疗去照顾小怪坦；或者小怪坦拉到仇恨就直接在副本里狂奔别让怪追上，保证小怪坦殿后其他人冲过去把BOSS给秒了。 清理门户[tudou] 踩光夜井，就是地上的圈；然后在带着夜井DEBUFF的时候杀掉BOSS。要在第三次夜井前击杀，因为第三次夜井和第二次拉人会一起施放。 幽暗之光[制作中] 打断即可，几乎是送的。 黑心林地 蛋好了！[tudou] 把紫色大蛋开了杀掉。 连家都烧了[tudou]
快速成型技术总结
快速成型技术总结 《快速成型技术总结》是一篇好的范文，觉得应该跟大家分享，希望对网友有用。 篇一：快速成型总结报告快速成型总结报告一、快速成型技术的发展及原理快速成形技术（，简称）是二十世纪八十年代末九十年代初兴起并迅速发展起来的新的先进制造技术是由模型直接驱动的快速制造任意复杂形状三维物理实体的技术总称，其基本过程是：首先设计出所需零件的计算机三维模型（数字模型、模型），然后根据工艺要求，按照一定的规律将该模型离散为一系列有序的单元，通常在向将其按一定厚度进行离散（习惯称为分层），把原来的三维模型变成一系列的层片；再根据每个层片的轮廓信息，输入加工参数，自动生成数控代码；最后由成形机成形一系列层片并自动将它们联接起来，得到一个三维物理实体。 快速成型技术的原理：快速成型技术()的成型原理是基于离散-叠加原理而实现快速加工原型或零件这里所说的快速加工原型是指能代表一切性质和功能的实验件,一般数量较少,常用来在新产品试制时作评价之用而这里所说的快速成型零件是指最终产品,已经具有最佳的特性,功能和经济性二、快速成型技术的分类快速成型技术-分类快速成型技术根据成型方法可分为两类：基于激光及其他光源的成型技术（），例如：光固化成型（）、最全面的范文写作网站分层实体制造（）、选域激光粉末烧结（）、形状沉积成型（）等；基于喷射的成型技术（），
例如：熔融沉积成型（）、三维印刷（）、多相喷射沉积（）。 下面对其中比较成熟的工艺作简单的介绍。 技术是基于液态光敏树脂的光聚合原理工作的。 这种液态材料在一定波长和强度的紫外光照射下能迅速发生光聚合反应，分子量急剧增大，材料也就从液态转变成固态。 、（光固化成型）工作原理：液槽中盛满液态光固化树脂激光束在偏转镜作用下，能在液态表而上扫描，扫描的轨迹及光线的有无均由计算机控制，光点打到的地方，液体就固化。 成型开始时，工作平台在液面下一个确定的深度．聚焦后的光斑在液面上按计算机的指令逐点扫描，即逐点固化。 当一层扫描完成后．未被照射的地方仍是液态树脂。 然后升降台带动平台下降一层高度，已成型的层面上又布满一层树脂，刮板将粘度较大的树脂液面刮平，然后再进行下一层的扫描，新周化的一层牢周地粘在前一层上，如此重复直到整个零件制造完毕，得到一个三维实体模型。 方法是目前快速成型技术领域中研究得最多的方法．也是技术上最为成熟的方法。 工艺成型的零件精度较高，加工精度一般可达到，原材料利用率近％。 但这种方法也有白身的局限性，比如需要支撑、树脂收缩导致精度下降、光固化树脂有一定的毒性等。