可数名词和不可数名词

可数名词和不可数名词
可数名词和不可数名词

Grammar 可数和不可数名词总结

1 可数名词和不可数名词

一、名词:名词是所有事物的名称,包括人、物及抽象概念。名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大

类。名词在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等。

1) 可数名词(Countable Nouns): 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可

数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。

名词单数变复数变化如下:

◆ 词尾直接加s如:cat——cats bag——bags day——days

◆ 以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加es如:class——classes, match——matches ,box----- boxes, dish ---- dishes, bus --- buses, peach --- peaches .

◆ 以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es. 元音加y 结尾的词直接加s, 如: party----parties city----cities story----stories family---families baby --- babies boy---- toys monkey----- monkeys key---- keys等.

◆ 以f或 fe结尾的词, 变f或fe 为v, 加 es, 如: wife ---- wives, half---- halves, shelf—shelves, knife --- knives, life---lives, leaf---leaves. 注意特殊情况直接加“s”,要逐个记 chiefs, handkerchiefs , roofs.

◆ 以辅音加 o 结尾的词常加es, 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加o结尾直接加s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos, roof 特殊情况: photos

◆ 名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men, woman-women, tooth---teeth, goose---geese, foot---feet, child--children, mouse-mice, ox—oxen. (注意:以下单复

同形:deer, sheep, species, means, Chinese, Japanese)

2) 不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water

等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English, air, water, cotton,

wor k…

不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+名词。如:

a bottle of water, two cups of tea, three pieces of paper 不可数名词的类别:

● 食物:food ,salt, bread, rice, beef, meat, pork, butter(黄油),cream.

● 液体:water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, coke, oil, wine.

● 表示自然现象:snow, ice ,rain, air.

● 其他类:money, news ,homework, housework, advice(意见),information(信息,资料)time, work , room(空间), music, weather ,space, sand, furniture(家具)

2 注意:下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同。

chicken 鸡肉(不可数名词)鸡(可数名词) fish 鱼肉(不可数名词)鱼的种类

(可数名词) room 空间(不可数名词)房间(可数名词) glass 玻璃(不可数名词)杯

子(可数名词) paper 纸张(不可数名词)

试卷(可数名词) experience 经验(不可数名词)经历(可数名词)

注意事项:

1.不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用A,AN,但可用THE,或不用冠词,如:bread is the usual breakfast.

2.虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数。如:three cups of coffee, five bottles of water

3.有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,如:ten bags of rice----

ten baskets of eggs

跟踪练习

I. 找出下列笑话中的可数名词,并写出其复数形式: In the market, a buyer asked a

seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20

dolla rs yesterday!” “Yes, that’s true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the

bird was worth 80 dollars!”

II.找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式: homework ______half ______

advice______ money ______ knowledge ______ boot _____ blood ______ music ______

chicken ________heat _____mouth ______ bread _______ information ______milk

_____cow _______tear ________

III.选择填空:

1.The deer has four ______. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots

2.Her two brothers are both ______.

A. policeman

B. policemans

C. policemen

D. policemens

3.There are four _____ and two ______ in the group.

A. Japanese, Germen

B. Japaneses, Germen

C. Japanese, Germans

4.Two ______ would come to the village.

A. woman-doctors

B. women doctor

C. women doctors

D. woman doctors 5.Can you

see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse 6.The _____ has two ______.

A. boys, watches

B. boy, watch

C. boy, watches

D. boys, watch

7.The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed.

A. tooth

B. tooths

C. teeth

D. teeths

8.The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study.

A. woman

B. women

C. man

D. men

9.There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table.

A. tomatos

B. tomato

C. tomatoes

D. tomatoss

10. The cat caught two ______ last night.

A. mouses

B. mice

C. mouse

D. mices

11.The boys have got ______ already.

A. two bread

B. two breads

C. two pieces of bread

D. two piece of bread

12. The old man wants a .

A. six boxes of apples

B. six boxes of apple

C. six box of apples

D. six boxs of

apples

13. There b some in the river.

A. is, fish

B. are, fishs

C. is, fishs

D. are, fish

14. Our English teacher often gives us ______in English by e-mail.

A. some good information

B. some good informations

C. good informations

D.

a good information

15.I would like to have ______.

A. two glasses of milk

B. two glass of milk

C. two glasses of milks

D. two

glass of milks

16.What are you listening to, Jack? ______or______? A .Music, a news B. Music, news

C. Musics, news

D. Music, newes

17.I have ______to do on Sundays.

A. many housework

B. much housework

C. many houseworks

D. much houseworks

18. Many farmers have got lots of _____and got much money by selling the______.

A. cow, beef

B. cows, beef

C. cow, beefs

D. cows, beefs

19.---Would you like some______? ---Oh, yes, just a little.

A. milk

B. apple

C. pears

D. news

20.How wonderful! The ______is made of______.

A. house, glass

B. house, glasses

C. houses, glass

D. houses, glasses

Ⅳ..翻译下面的短语。 1.一些苹果汁_______ 2.一些牛奶______3.一些绵羊______ 4.一些新

闻______ 5.一些好主意_______ 6.一些牙刷______ 7.一些家庭作业______8.一些纸______ 9.一些玻璃______ 10.一些牛肉______ 11.一些音乐______ 12.一些报纸

可数名词不可数名词

可数名词与不可数名词 名词分可数名词与不可数名词。 1.有些名词总是用作可数名词的,如: leg,dog,pen.有些名词总是用作不可数名词,如: pork,gold,honesty.有些则有时用作可数名词,有时用作不可数名词,如:It is made of glass.(不可数) He held a glass.(可数) 与5类名词的关系 区分5类名词对决定一个名词是可数还是不可数有极其重要的意义。C代表可数(Countable),用U代表不可数(Uncountable)。1.大多数普通名词为可数名词,如: a chair,another car,dogs. 2.多数集体名词也是可数名词,如:(a)family,(each)class,(all) parties,(different) nations。 3.专有名词,多数作不可数名词,如:London,China,Ham-bet,Neptune;但有些为可数名词,如 Communists,English-men。4.物质名词一般不可数,如:milk,gold,coffee,beer.但有些可用作可数名词,表示特殊意义,如:an ice-cream(一份冰淇淋),a light rain(一阵小雨)。 5.多数的抽象名词既可作不可数名词,也可作可数名词(这时意思有些变化),如: 不可数可数beauty 美 a beauty 美人 disappointment 失望 a disappointment 失望的事 C.普通名词和物质名词 不过一个名词的可数与不可数问题最终还是靠习惯决定,习惯用法是自然形成的,不能靠简单的条文来推断。虽说表示可数的东西为可数名词,否则为不可数名词,但总有些特殊情况。在表示定形之物时,物质名词也可用作可数名词,在强调某种特性时,普通名词也可变成不可数名词。 1.气体名称通常作不可数名词,如:oxygen(氧气),hydrogen(氢气)。但odour(气味),flavor(味道),cloud(云)是可数名词;而fire则既可作不可数名词,也可作可数名词。 2.液体名称一般为不可数名词,如:milk,water;但beverage(饮料),cocktail(鸡尾酒)为可数名词,而juice(汁)、sauce (调味液)、liquor(酒)既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。 3.药品名称通常不可数,如: codeine;但antibiotic(抗生素),insecticide(杀虫剂),vitamin(维生素)都是可数的。4.植物中有些的名称既作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,如: 可数不可数 a pine 松树 pine 松木 a pepper 青椒 pepper 胡椒粉 5.表示天气的名词多作不可数名词,如:lightning(闪电),thunder(雷),snow,但有些为可数名词,如: comet(慧星),sunbean(阳光),ray(光线)。有些可用作两类,如: mist(浓雾),dew(露水),rain。 6.表示动物的名词一般为可数名词,如: monkey,elephant,shrimp(虾),但有些可用于两类情况,如: 可数不可数 a chicken鸡 chicken鸡肉 a duck 鸭 duck鸭肉 a fish鱼 fish 鱼(肉) 7.物质名词一般不可数,如: iron,plaster(石膏),mercury(水银)。有些两者都可以,如:chalk(粉笔),brick(砖),coal(煤)。 D.集体名词 26 有个别集体名词可用作不可数名词,如: police(警察总称),cattle(牲口),produce(农产品),vegetation(植物),clothing(衣服),furniture(家具),pottery(陶器)。 E.抽象名词 27 1.在一万个抽象名词中约有 72%(约7 200字)常常或有时既作不可数名词,又作可数名词,如: belief,beliefs; birth,births; hope,hopes;fear,fears。

修饰不可数和可数名词

知识讲解什么可以修饰可数名词什么可以修饰不可数名词 一、some和any的用法: (1)两者修饰可数复数名词和不可数名词,表一些;有些。 〔2)一般的用法:some用于肯定句;any用于疑问句,否定句或条件句。 I amlooking forsomematches. Do you have any matches? I do not have any matches. (3)特殊的用法: (A)在期望对方肯定的回答时,问句也用some。 Will you lend me some money? (=Please lend me some money.)(B) any表任何或任何一个时,也可用于肯定句。 Comeany day you like. 二、many和much的用法: (1)many修饰复数可数名词,表许多; much修饰不可数名词,表量或程度。He has many friends, but few true ones. There hasn't been much good weather recently. (2)many a: many a和many同义,但语气比较强,并且要与单数名词及单数形动词连用。Many a prisoner has been set free.(=Many prisoners ha ve been set free.) 三. (a) few和(a)little的用法: (1) (a) few用在复数可数名词之前,(a) little用在不可数名词之前。 He took a few biscuits. (=several)He took few biscuits(=no tmany) He took alittle butter. (=some) He took little

可数名词和不可数名词(含练习、答案)

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初中英语——可数名词和不可数+There-be练习

I.找出下列笑话中的可数名词,并写出其复数形式: In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, that‘s true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!” II.找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式: homework ______ half ______ advice______ money ______ knowledge ______ boot _____ blood ______ music ______ chicken ________ heat _____ mouth ______ bread _______ information ______ milk _____ cow _______ tear ________ III.选择填空: 1.The deer has four ______ A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2.Her two brothers are both ______. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens 3.There are four _____ and two ______ in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans 4.Two ______ would come to the village. A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors 5.Can you see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse 6.The _____ has two ______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7.The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 8.The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study.A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9.There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss 10. The cat caught two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices 三.用所给名词的适当形式填空。 1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some________(food) in the basket. 3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle. 5. There are five________(people ) in his family. 6. Let's take________(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of________(tomato) here. 8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow. 9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now. 10. Their________(dictionary) look new. 11. I see you have a few white________(hair). 12. They are________(woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please? 14. There are many________(fox) in the picture 15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty. There be句型

初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词解析及练习

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英语中可数名词与不可数名词的区别

英语中可数名词与不可数名词的区别 西永安小学王爱芳 在英语中很多名词既可以用作可数,也可以作不可数,判断其可数与不可数时,依据就是其意思的变化.不可能有名词在作同一词义时既可数又不可数的情况. (1)表示动物的一些词一般可数,但指肉时是不可数. 如:fish, chicken, lamb 等. (2)物质名词不可数,如rubber, glass, iron. 用作可数名词时词义有变化,如 a rubber(一块橡皮擦), a glass (一个玻璃杯), a pair of glasses (一副眼镜)an iron(一个慰斗). (3)抽象名词显然不可数,但指具体的意义时又是可数,如: success(成功,不可数) ——a success( 一件成功的事,可数) experience (经验,不可数) —experiences (经历,可数) in surprise 中surprise 指一种情感,是抽象名词不可数.It’s a surprise...中surprise 是指一件事情,是具体名词可数. 即:有些词通常既可数又不可数,最简单的判断方法是:判断其所指的是“具体的”还是“抽象的”。举例子: Lactose, A (a) sugar B(present) in milk, is one C(of simple sugars) used in D(food) preparations for infants. 前面的sugar是指“牛奶”中的糖分(物质的一种属性),此时为不可数名词,在句中作同位语,不需要仍何冠词。如:Lactose is sugar,not salt. present 为形容词作定语。one of 指特定群体中的一部分,必须接定冠词,此时sugar为可数名词指不同形式的糖类。food就是不数名词。 例如:Experience 是可数名词时是经历 不可数名词时是经验 experience n. 1. 经验,体验[U][(+of/in)] She had no experience of life at all. 她毫无生活经验。 Have you had any experience of teaching English? 你有过教英语的经验吗? 2. 经历,阅历[C] Please tell us about your experiences in Africa. 请跟我们谈谈你在非洲的经历。 I had a rather odd experience the other day. 前些天我有过一次相当奇怪的经历。 vt. 1. 经历;体验 The city experienced over 2,000 such incidents last year. 去年这座城市发生过二千次以上这类事件。 2. 感受;遭受

初一可数名词和不可数名词讲解知识讲解

初一可数名词和不可数名词讲解 定义:1可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式,当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时,句子的谓语也应用复数形式。 2.不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an 。 可数名词用法讲解 可数名词有单复数之分。 ㈠单数可数名词 1. 单数可数名词一般不会单独出现,前面通常要有限定词。 例如:She is friend(friend 前面加上my.) I have pen.(pen前面加上a) I like boy.(boy前面加上this) 限定词通常有三类。 ⑴冠词。经常用不定冠词a、an。 ⑵形容词性物主代词。 ⑶指示代词this、that 。this、that可用the代替。 2.单数可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数,谓语动词使用三单(单数)形式。 My father is (be) very tall. His brother likes (like) playing basketball.

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