Unit8

Unit8
Unit8

New Horizon College English

I. Warm-up Activities

1. Do you feel happy? What does life mean to you ,and for you ,what is the most important thing

in the life?

2.In fact, life is meant to be easy. Life becomes “not easy” when we lack understanding of it.

Without some basic understanding of life we become controlled by negatives such as greed, selfishness, feelings, pride and prejudice .

Living a Rewarding and Happy Life Requires Balance and Focus.Good living is all about balance. Yet many people fail to realize this, and instead focus their energies on certain aspects of their life while neglecting others. This creates an imbalance, preventing us from reaching real and lasting satisfaction and fulfillment.

To live a good life, one must maintain areas of strength while identifying and improving areas of weakness. In order to be a balanced individual, you must have a clear mental state, a healthy body, a strong spirit, a dependable social network, romantic satisfaction, and financial stability. These are key components to a happy life.

II. Background Information

Tips of being happy:

1.Understand what it is that will make you happy. Everyone has unique requirements for attaining

happiness and what makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy. Revel in your individuality and do not worry about whether or not your desires are comparable to those of your peers.

2. Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy. Your mood will very likely increase as your pursue your goal because you will feel better about yourself for going after something you value.

3. Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. Conversely, if you are around people who are happy their emotional state will be infectious.

4. Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy. These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continued happiness.

5. It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself. Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance you will be subconsciously putting yourself in a better mood.

III. Drills of important phrases in the text

1.人们总是说:It has often been remarked that…有这么一个事实…: it is a fact that…

2.在年轻的时候:On the young

3.调查报告: a survey report on…

4.非正式民意调查:informal poll

5.毫无价值:hold little value

6. 以…为基础,根据,按照:based on…

7. 在艰难困苦年代:In hard times

8. 主要目标:major objectives 9.经济上富足:financially well-off

10.人生哲学:philosophy of life 11.因此:accordingly

12.另一方面:on the other hand 13.销售代理:sales representative

14.想到…不寒而栗:tremble to think…15两全:Have … both ways

16.为谋生也为事业而教育人们:educate people for life as well as for career

17.不相信:Conviction against 18.收支平衡单: A balance sheet

19.在一个日益专业化的年代:In a time of increasing specialization

20.得出必然的结论:arrive at an inevitable conclusion

21.生活质量:quality of life 生活意义:meaning of life

22.为…铺平道路:Prepare the way for…23.同样确实的是…: It is equally true that…. 24.更为重要的是:More importantly 25.眼前的需求: immediate need

26.为…而罢工:Go on strike for…27.为…做准备:be prepared for…

28.博教: a board education 职业教育:career education

29.从长远来看;最终:in the long run 30.道德意识:moral sense

31.世世代代积累的智慧:accumulated wisdom of the ages

32.明辨是非:distinguish right from wrong 33.渴求:Cry for…

34.把才能/天赋用到工作/生活中去:give ability to work, genius to lives

35.人生的意义岂止是谋生:there is more to life than a job.

IV. Organization of the text

Part I (paras. 1-9):M a i n I d e a:The long-standing mistaken idea on life.

Part II (paras. 10-17):M a i n I d e a:The true meaning of life.

Part III (paras. 18-19):M a i n I d e a:The educators’ duty to their students.

V. key words and expressions

A:Expressions:

1. if only 如:--- If only I had gone by taxi. 要是我乘出租车去就好了。

听题--- If only I could be there and talk with the pop singer!

要是我能在那儿和那位流行歌手交谈就好了!

看题--- 要是他没忘记把她带来就好了。If only he’d remembered to bring her here. 2.consumeristic (line9p4)a.believing in spending money and buying goods

消费主义的

听题--- Generally speaking, youngsters tend to be more consumeristic than the elderly.

一般说来,年轻人比老年人更倾向于多消费。

听题--- Compared with the previous generations, today’s youth are more consumeristic.

如今的年轻人与前几代相比更热爱消费。

3. be well off (line12p5):be in a good position, esp. financially 经济充裕,富裕

听题--- You don’t need to look for another job—you’re well off where you are.

你没有必要再去找工作——你现在的经济情况就相当不错了。

看题--- 政府声称大多数人比五年前富裕。

The government claims that most people are better off than they were five years ago. 4.…Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. (L 12-13P5)

accordingly ad.

1) for the reason; so 因此,所以

听题--- I was lost and accordingly I bought a map. 我迷路了,所以我买了张地图。

2) in a manner that is suggested by what is known or has been said 按照所说的情况

听题--- She’s an expert in her field, and is paid accordingly.

她在自己的领域内是个专家,并得到了相应的报酬。

A---她很生气,因此拒绝参加会议。She was angry and accordingly refused to attend the meeting. B--- 我已经向你说明了情况,你必须照此办理。

I’ve told you what the situation is; you must act accordingly.

5…a conviction against our educational system --- kindergarten, elementary, secondary and higher. (L29-30P10)

1) elementary: beginning stage, basic, simple 2) secondary: education for over 11,

less important 3) advanced: far in life or progress

She went to __ elementary _________ school at the age of 5.

We should learn the ____ advanced _____ technology of other countries.

Her health is what matters—the cost is of __ secondary ______ importance.

6.. …conclusion that they were meant to do more than…(L34)

be meant to do;be supposed to do 应做

如:You’re meant to fill in a tax form every year. 你得每年填写税单。

看题---你得交费后方能进入。You are meant to pay before you come in.

7 .…beyond the confines of our occupations…(L38)

confine n. (pl.) limits, borders界限,范围

听题---This is beyond the confines of human knowledge. 这超出了人类知识的范围。

v. keep sb./sth. within certain limits 把······限制于

听题--- I don’t like a job in which I’m confined to doing only one thing.

我不喜欢仅限于做一件事情的工作。

看题--- 但愿演讲者不要离题。I wish the speaker would confine himself to the subject 8.…we want to be able to render service to our fellow man and to our god. (L38-39)

render v.1. give 给予,提出

如:This is a reward for services rendered. 这是酬谢所提供服务的奖金。

2. cause sb./sth. to be in a particular state 使得,使成为

如:---His rudeness rendered me speechless. 他的粗鲁使我讲不出话来。

看题:有人认为感恩节是答谢每个人的节日

Someone thinks that Thanksgiving Day is a holiday to render thanks to everybody.

看题:我们被这意外事故弄得束手无策. We were rendered helpless by the accident. 9.…the meaning of life does not dawn until middle age, …(L40)

Dawn: vi. (on/upon) grow clear in one’s mind

如:sth./it dawns upon/on sb (that…)

听题--- . The truth began to dawn upon the poor man. 这个可怜的人慢慢明白了真相。

看题---他才意识到自己被这个女人愚弄了.

It had just dawned on him that he had been fooled by the woman.

10. …to prepare the way for that revelation?

Revelation:1. [U] making known sth. that was secret or hidden

如:His wife divorced him after the revelation that he was having an affair(with sb).

他与别人私通的事情被揭露后,他的妻子与他离了婚。

2. [C] sth. which is revealed

如:His Hamlet was a revelation to the critics. 他所表演的哈姆雷特令评论家们大为惊讶

看题---报纸所披露的史密斯夫妇私生活情况令人震惊。

Shocking revelations appeared in the papers about the private life of the Smiths.

11 …preferably a prosperous one, it …(L44)

Preferably ad. rather than anything, anywhere, etc. else 更可取地,宁可

如:Put the potatoes into boiling water, preferably after taking the skin off.

把土豆放入沸水中煮,最好先把皮剥掉。

听题--- They want to buy a new house, near the sea preferably.

他们想要买一所新房子,最好是离海近点。

12. How shortsighted in the long run. (L51)

in the long run: after a long period; in the end 从长远的观点来看;终究,最后

如: My mother always told me that in the long run I would be glad I didn’t give up the piano.

我母亲总是对我说,将来我定会为自己没有放弃弹钢琴而高兴的。

--- In the long run the prices of farm produce are bound to rise. 农产品价格终究是要上涨的。13.…someone who can distinguish right from wrong? (L56)

distinguis h v.: 1) recognize the difference between

如:The twins look so much alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.

这对双胞胎长得太像,无人能分出谁是谁。

2) (oneself) behave or perform noticeably well

如:She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery. 她以沉着勇敢著称。

看题---有时候我难以辨别西班牙语和葡萄牙语。

I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing Spanish and Portuguese.

看题---他很小就在英国戏剧界崭露头角了。

He distinguished himself in British theatre at an early age.

B. Patterns for you to use as models:

1. Typical patterns for introducing public opinion about sth.:

It has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the young. (L. 1) 句型提炼

It has often / always been remarked (said) that the saddest (the most pleasing) thing about sth. is that…人们常常说:对于某事而言,最令人悲伤/ 高兴的事情莫过于······

应用:人们常常说:对于人生而言,最大的幸福莫过于财富的积累——你获得的每一条经验,你发现的每一个真理,你结交的每一位朋友······

It has often been said that the happiest thing about life is that it is a buildup of treasures—every experience y ou’ve gained, every truth you’ve found, every friend you’ve made ...

2. Typical patterns for providing evidence:

According to the survey based on responses from…, sb. / sth. is more…than at any time in…(line8) 根据以······的答卷为基础的调查,某人/某事比······任何时候都更······

应用:根据对1,360 位来自10个不同学校的学生所进行的调查,今天的孩子在情感和心理方面比20世纪80年代任何时期的孩子都更容易受到伤害。

3. Typical patterns for describing contrasts:

According to the survey conducted among 1360 teenagers from ten different schools, today’s children are more likely to be emotionally and ps ychologically hurt than at any time in 1980’s. Interest in… ( Enthusiasm for… / Quest for… / Commitment to…) is at a low, along with… On the other hand, enrollment in… ( passion for… / pursuit of… / competition for…) is way up. (line14) 如今人们对······、还有······的兴趣(热情/追求/信奉)都处于低潮。另一方面,攻读······的人数(对·······的激情/追求/竞争)却在迅速增加。

应用:根据时下的时尚潮流,人们对正式、繁复的设计还有奢华的风格兴趣不高,另一方面,简约主义却正在兴起。

With the current trend in fashion, interest in formal and complex design is at a low, along with the luxury style. On the other hand, simplicity is way up.

4. Typical patterns for progressive reasoning:

While it is true (that) sb. / sth. need…, it is equally true that sb. / sth.… And sb. / sth. is more… for… More importantly, perhaps,…(line44)

虽然某人/某事确实需要······,但同样确实的是······。而且正是因为······某人/某事才会更······。也许更重要的是,······

应用:虽然人身安全确实需要保障,但同样确实的是社会秩序需要维护。而且正是因为社会的稳定我们才会感到更安全。也许更重要的是,全社会应弘扬正气,根除任何陋习。While it is true personal safety needs to be guaranteed, it is equally true that social order needs to be preserved. And we feel safer for social stability. More importantly, perhaps, our society as a whole should carry forward the healthy trends and do away with any ugly practices.

VI. Assignment

P a r a g r a p h W r i t i n g

写作模式(介绍过程的说明文)

1) The process of doing sth. can be broken up into / fall into the steps as follows. (段首句) 2) The first one is ... (过程说明I) 3) A critical study of… is the basis for doing sth., this is because ... (进一步阐明) 4) The second step is… (过程说明II) 5) This may lead to… and may help you to ... (进一步阐明) 6) The third step is ... (过程说明III) 7) As the ripe experience proves,… as well as… will go a long way toward… (进一步阐明) 8) If you have failed / turned out to…, therefore, you may start over from the very beginning and try the steps as mentioned above. (结尾句) Sample: How to Carry Out Your Career Planning

1) The process of your career planning can be broken up into the steps as follows. 2) The first one is to know yourself. 3) A critical study of your strengths and weaknesses, your goals

in life, and the trends in your personal development is the basis for all career planning, this is because the self-knowledge you gain from this step enables you to figure out what careers may best fit your interests, abilities, and goals. 4) The second step is to write down a list of career goals you have ever dreamed of or you are likely to set for yourself. 5) This may lead to new ideas about your possibilities and may help you to see the connections between the impossible and the possible. 6) The third step is to talk over your plans with your parents or friends periodically in order to adjust your plans to the best of your advantage. 7) As the ripe experience proves, taking stock of your situation as well as exchanging ideas with the aged will go a long way toward your effective response to

the changes that are going on in the job market. 8) If you have turned out to be “a square peg in a round hole”, therefore, you may start over from the very beginning and try the steps as mentioned above.

New Horizon College English Book2

Step 1: Review part A

Step 2: Reading skills

The particular reading skill introduced for this unit is distinguishing between facts and opinions. The ability to distinguish between facts and opinions is important because it can help us to achieve a deeper level of understanding in our reading.

Step 3: Questions for the understanding of the text

Q: 1 In the 1950s and 1960s, there was a steady growth in the U.S. economy.

Q:2I n g o o d o l d d a y s,a l l p e o p l e c h o s e t o h a v e a n i c e c o m f o r t a b l e c a r e e r i n a s a l a r i e d j o b.

Q:3I t h a s n o w b e c o m e i m p o s s i b l e f o r m o s t A m e r i c a n s t o h o l d a l o n g-t e r m s a l a r i e d j o b.

Q:4A l l A m e r i c a n y o u n g m e n k n o w w h a t t h e y a r e g o i n g t o d o i n t h e f u t u r e.

Q:5Y o u n g A m e r i c a n s w h o c a n’t f i n d a p o s i t i o n i n s o c i e t y f e e l a n g r y a b o u t t h e i r f u t u r e.

Q:6P e o p l e h a v e g o t u s e d t o b e i n g w i t h o u t a j o b a n d t o g e t t i n g l o w e r p a y,s o t h e y w i l l n o t f e e l m o r e a n d m o r e a n x i o u s a s t h e y r e a d p e r i o d i c a l s a b o u t t h e e c o n o m y.

Step 4: key words and expressions

Step 5: Retelling of the text

Step 6: Assignment

Do the exercises on page 227-228.

新视野大学英语2第三版unit8 textA课文翻译.doc

Unit 8 Section A Animals or children?—A scientist's choice 动物还是孩子?——一位科学家的选择 1 I am the enemy! I am one of those cursed, cruel physician scientists involved in animal research. These rumors sting, for I have never thought of myself as an evil person. I became a children's doctor because of my love for children and my supreme desire to keep them healthy. During medical school and residency, I saw many children die of cancer and bloodshed from injury — circumstances against which medicine has made great progress but still has a long way to go. More importantly, I also saw children healthy thanks to advances in medical science such as infant breathing support, powerful new medicines and surgical techniques and the entire field of organ transplantation. My desire to tip the scales in favor of healthy, happy children drew me to medical research. 1 我就是那个敌人!我就是那些被人诅咒的、残忍的、搞动物实验的医生科学家之一。这些谣言刺痛了我,因为我从来没想到自己是一个邪恶的人。我成为一位儿科医生,因为我爱孩子,也因为我的最大愿望是让他们保持健康。在医学院学习和住院医生实习时,我看到了许多儿童死于癌症和受伤流血——虽然对此医学正取得很大进步,但远非完善。更重要的是,我还看到孩子们能保持健康得益于医学的进步,如婴儿呼吸支持器,功效强大的新药物和外科手术技术及整个器官移植领域的发展。我希望孩子们健康快乐,这促使我从事医学研究。 2 My accusers have twisted the truth into a fable and cast me as the devil. They claim that I have no moral compass, that I torture innocent animals for the sole purpose of career advancement, and that my experiments have no relevance to medicine. Meanwhile, an uncaring public barely watches, convinced that the issue has no significance, and publicity-conscious senators and politicians increasingly give way to the lobbying of animal rights activists. 2 控诉我的人把真相歪曲成一则神话,并把我描写成恶魔。他们声称我没有道德界限,我折磨那些无辜动物的唯一目的就是为了自己的职业升迁,而我的实验根本与医药毫不相关。与此同时,无动于衷的公众几乎不闻不问,相信这个议题毫无意义,而具有宣传意识的参议员和政治家们却对动物权利活动家的游说不断作出让步。 3We,in medical research,have also been unbelievably uncaring.We have allowed the most extr eme animal rights protesters to creep in and frame the issue as one of"animal fraud"and hatred. We have persisted in our belief that a knowledgeable public would consent to the importance of animal research for public health.Perhaps we have been mistaken in not responding to the emoti onal tone of the argument.Perhaps we should have responded to those sad slogans and posters of animals by waving equally sad posters of children dying of cancer or external wounds. 3我们这些从事医学研究的人也显得令人难以置信的冷漠。我们允许最极端的动物权利活动家渐渐侵入,任凭他们把此类研究诬陷为“动物欺诈”和对动物的仇恨。我们一直坚信,有知识的公众会赞同动物研究对公众健康的重要性。也许我们的错误是没有对这场争论的感性基调作出反应。也许我们早应该挥动着儿童死于癌症或外伤的同样令人伤心的海报,来回应那些关于动物受害的伤感标语及海报。 4In the animal rights forum,much is made of the volume of pain these animals experience in the name of medical science.Activists deny that we are trying to help and say it is evidence of our ev il and cruel nature.A more reasonable argument,however,can be advanced in our defense.Life i

人教版新目标英语八年级下册Unit8单元测试题及答案(含答案)

Test for Unit 8 (时间:120分钟,满分:120分) 听力部分(25分) Ⅰ.听句子,选择最佳答语。(5分) ()1.A.Sure.Here you are.B.It's an English book.C.It's mine. ()2.A.Yes,I did. B.No,I haven't. C.It's great! ()3.A.Pop music is my favorite. B.I like listening to music. C.Music can help me relax. ()4.A.I read it in the library. B.I have read it before. C.It's interesting. ()5.A.Yes,I will. B.No,I don't like it. C.Yes,it's The Eagles. Ⅱ.听短对话及问题,选择正确答案。(5分) ()6.A.Tom Sawyer. B.Harry Potter. C.Robinson Crusoe. ()7.A.French. B.English. C.German. ()8.A.8:15. B.8:00. C.7:45. ()9.A.Because he had a bad cold and had to see the doctor. B.Because he felt cold and went to buy a coat. C.Because he had to go to see his sister. ()10.A.At school. B.In the hotel. C.At home. Ⅲ.听长对话,选择正确答案。(5分) 听第一段对话,回答第11-12小题。 ()11.What is coming? A.National Day. B.The teacher's birthday. C.Teachers' Day. ()12.What will they buy? A.Some flowers. B.A new CD. C.A bag. 听第二段对话,回答第13-15小题。 ()13.What is the girl worrying about? A.She can't invite her friends to the party. B.She can't go to her friend's party. C.She can't find a good place for the Thanksgiving dinner. ()14.How long will the party last? A.For four hours. B.For five hours. C.For six hours. ()15.Who can help the girl? A.The boy. B.Kevin. C.The boy's father. Ⅳ.听短文,完成下面的表格。每空一词。(10分)

全新版第二版第一册unit8课文翻译电子教案

全新版第二版第一册u n i t8课文翻译

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八年级英语下册Unit8单元测试卷(含答案)

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Unit8 课文翻译

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全新版第二版第一册unit8课文翻译讲课教案

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八年级上册英语unit8单元测试卷(含答案)

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第八单元 Grinding is a manufacturing process that involves the removal of metal by employing a rotating abrasive wheel. The latter simulates a milling cutter with an extremely large number of miniature cutting edges. 磨削是通过采用旋转磨轮去除金属的制造工艺。磨轮用非常大量的微型切削刃模仿铣刀进行切削。Generally, grinding is considered to be a finishing process that is usually used for obtaining high-dimensional accuracy and better surface finish. Grinding can be performed on flat, cylindrical, or even internal surfaces by employing specialized machine tools, which are referred to as grinding machines. 一般而言,磨削被认为是一种通常用于获得高尺寸精度和较好表面光洁度的精加工作业。磨削通过采用被称为磨床的特殊机床能在平面、圆柱面甚至内表面上进行。 Obviously, grinding machines differ in construction as well as capabilities, and the type to be employed is determined mainly by the geometrical shape and nature of the surface to be ground, e.g., cylindrical surfaces are ground on cylindrical grinding machines. 显然,磨床根据结构和功能的不同有所区别,使用何种形式的磨床主要取决于被磨削表面的几何形状和物理性质。例如,圆柱面在外圆磨床上磨削。 ?Type of Grinding Operations 磨削作业的类型 1. Surface grinding. As the name surface grinding suggests, this operation involves grinding of flat or plane surfaces. Fig.8.1 indicates the two possible variations, either a horizontal or vertical machine spindle. 1.表面磨削:就像其名称暗示的那样,表面磨削和平面磨削直接有关。图8.1表示了两种可能的变化:卧式磨床主轴或立式磨床主轴。 In the first case (horizontal spindle), the machine usually has a planer-type reciprocating table on which the workpiece is held. However, grinding machines with vertical spindles can have either a planer type table like that of the horizontal-spindle machine or a rotating worktable. 在第一种情况(卧式主轴),卧式磨床通常具有安装工件的刨床式往复工作台。而立式主轴磨床既可以像卧式主轴磨床那样具有刨床式工作台也可以具有旋转工作台。 Also, the grinding action in this case is achieved by the end face of the grinding wheel (Fig.8.1b), contrary to the case of horizontal-spindle machines, where the workpieces ground by the periphery of the grinding wheel. 而且在这种情况下,磨削动作是通过砂轮端面完成的(图8.1b),这与通过砂轮周边磨削工件的卧式主轴磨床正好相反。 Fig.8.1a and b also indicate the equations to be used for estimating the different parameters of the grinding operation, such as the machining time and the rate of metal removal. 图8.1a和b同时简述了用于估计诸如加工时间和金属去除率之类的磨削作业不同参数的方程式。 During the surface-grinding operations, heavy workpieces are either held in fixtures or clamped on the machine table by strap clamps and the like, whereas smaller workpieces are usually held by magnetic chucks. 在平面磨削时,重的工件用夹具固定或用压板等夹紧在磨床工作台上,而小的工件则通常是用电磁卡盘固定的。2. Cylindrical grinding. In cylindrical grinding, the workpiece is held between centers during the grinding operation, and the wheel rotation is the source and cause for the rotary cutting motion, as shown in Fig.8.2. In fact, cylindrical grinding can be carried out by employing any of the following methods: 2. 圆柱面磨削:在圆柱面磨削中,作业时工件支撑在两顶尖之间,砂轮转动是导致回转切削运动的动力源,如图8.2所示。实际上,圆柱面磨削能通过采用下列任意方法来实现: (1) The transverse method, in which both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate and longitudinal linear feed is applied to enable grinding of the whole length. The depth of cut is adjusted by the cross feed of the grinding wheel into the workpiece. (1) 横向方法:这种方法中砂轮与工件均旋转且采用线性纵向进给以保证能磨削整个长度。切削深度通过改变砂轮

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