政治英语词汇

政治英语词汇

request the consent of ... 征求…的同意

Information service

新闻处

diplomat

外交官

diplomatic rank

外交官衔

diplomatic representative 外交代表

ambassador

大使

ambassador-at-large

巡回大使

special envoy

特使

counselor

参赞

consul-general

总领事

consul

领事

charge d'affaires

代办

attache

随员

commercial attache

商务专员

cultural attache

文化专员

military attache

武官

foreign affairs

外交事务

diplomatic practice

外交惯例

diplomatic immunities

外交豁免

diplomatic privileges

外交特权

diplomatic channels

外交途径

diplomatic courier

外交信使

diplomatic bag

外交邮袋

diplomatic pouch

外交邮袋

letter of credence/credentials 国书

communique

公报

announcement

公告

announcement

通告

letter of introduction

介绍书

National People's Congress

全国人民代表大会

Fifteenth National Congress 第十五次全国代表大会

Standing committee

常务委员会

National Committee

全国委员会

Chairman

委员长

Vice Chairpersons

副委员长

State Council

国务院

Premier

总理

Vice Premier

副总理

State Councillors

国务委员

Central Committee

中央委员会

State President

国家主席

Chairman

主席

Vice Chairman

副主席

General Secretary

总书记

Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会

Supreme People's Court

最高人民法院

Ministry of Finance

财政部

Ministry of Public Security 公安部

Ministry of Supervision

监察部

Ministry of Communications 交通部

Ministry of Education

教育部

Ministry of Personnel

人事部

memorandum/aide-memoire 备忘录

statement

声明

mutual recognition

互相承认

de jure recognition

法律承认

de facto recognition

事实上承认

identification card

身份证

Ministry of Justice

司法部

Propaganda Department

宣传部

People's organization

人民团体

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

外交部

Consulate-general

总领事馆

Consulate

领事馆

Liaison office

联络处

Military attache's office

武官处

certificate of appointment

委任证书

exequatur

许可证书

proceed to take up one's post 赴任

express regret

表示遗憾

object to

提出异议

take up a matter with

向…交涉

lodge a protest with

向…提出抗议

verbal note

普通照会

circular note

通知照会

normalization

正常化

present one's credentials

递交国书

exchange ambassadors

互派大使

persona grata

受欢迎的人

during one's absence

离任期间

declaration/manifesto

宣言

letter of recall

召回公文

note

(外交)照会

formal note

正式照会

establish consular relations

建立领事关系

assume one's post

就任

resume diplomatic relations

恢复外交关系

1 站在新起点on a new starting point

2 创新型国家innovation-oriented country

3 资源节约型社会resource-conserving society

4 资源型城市转型transformation of resource-dependent cities

5 区别对待，有保有压the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others

6 “五个统筹” maintain the "five balances" (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development,

development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world)

7 鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy

8 发扬成绩build on our achievements

9 环保专项治理special projects to address serious environmental problems

10 保护天然林protect virgin forests

11 退牧还草return grazing land to grassland阿

12 退耕还林还草return farmland to forests or grassland

13 石漠化spread of stony deserts

14 防沙治沙prevent and control desertification

15 生态补偿机制a mechanism for ecological compensation

16 农村综合试点改革trials of comprehensive rural reform

17 农机具补贴subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools

18 良种补贴subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators

19 多予少取放活the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control (to increase rural incomes)

20 “三提五统” "three deductio ns" (for public reserve funds, public welfare funds and management fees) and the "five charges" (charges for rural education, family planning, militia training, rural road construction and subsidies to entitled groups)

21看病难、看病贵，上学难、上学贵the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education

22 粮食安全food safety

23 农村劳动力转移培训job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment

24 防止“一哄而起” avoid herd mentality

25 农村信用社体制the system of rural credit cooperatives

26 牧业税livestock tax

27 资源税resource tax

28 农业面源污染widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area

29 政策性关闭破产policy-based closure and bankruptcy

30 企业分离办社会relieve enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs

31 城市和国有企业厂办大集体collectively owned factories operated by state-owned enterprises and cities

32 上市公司股权分置改革reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies

33 人民币汇率形成机制改革reform of the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate

34 利率形成和传导机制setting and transmitting interest rates

35 国债余额管理方式the method of outstanding balance management for its national debt

36 建立财政性科技投入稳定增长机制establish a mechanism to ensure stable growth of government investment in science and technology

37 坚持国家绝对控股keep a controlling share in the state''s hands

38 强化银行资本充足率约束strengthen capital requirements for banks

39 政府收支分类改革reformation of the classification of government revenue and expenditures

40 投资主体和产权多元化investment from various sources and diversified ownership

41 完善国有资产监管体制，健全国有资本经营预算制度、经营业绩考核体系和国有资产重大损失责任追究制度strengthen the oversight system for state assets by establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital, a sound performance evaluation system and a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets

42 提高系统集成能力improve systems integration

43 控制新增产能control expansion of production capacity

44 废物综合利用和废旧资源回收利用comprehensive utilization of waste materials and recovery and recycling of used resources

45 资源开发补偿机制、衰退产业援助机制mechanisms to compensate for resource depletion and to aid declining industries

46 突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系medical treatment system for public health emergencies

47 乡镇卫生院health clinics in towns and townships

48 公共文化基础设施culture-related facilities for public use

49 城市低保对象urban residents entitled to basic living allowances

50 完善城市低保制度improve the system of urban subsistence allowances

中国特色词汇库（一）

分类:英语学习

C

采取高姿态show magnanimity

采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market

菜篮子工程shopping basket program

参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs

仓储式超市stockroom-style supermarket

草根工业grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wild grass)

层层转包和违法分保multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

差额投票differential voting

差额选举competitive election

拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition

搀水股票water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)

产粮大省granary province

产量比1997年增加了2倍the output has increased 3 times (registered a

3-fold increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997

产品结构product mix

产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management

产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order

产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing

产业的升级换代upgrading of industries

产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure

长二捆LM-2E

长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe 长线产品product in excessive supply

畅通工程"Smooth Traffic Project"

唱高调mouth high-sounding words

超高速巨型计算机giant ultra-high-speed computer

超前消费over consuming, excessive consumption

彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force

城市规划city's landscaping plan; urban planning

城市中年雅皮士muppie (由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成)

城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas

城镇社会保障体系urban social security system

吃大锅饭egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot" 吃皇粮receive salaries, subsidies, or other supports from the government

重复建设building redundant project; duplication of similar projects

出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports

出口加工区export processing zones

出口退税制度the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate

出口转内销domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports 传销multi-level marketing

创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city

创业园high-tech business incubator; pioneer park

吹风会(advanced) briefing

春蕾计划Spring Buds Program

春运(passenger) transport during the Spring Festival

磁悬浮列车Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train

从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

粗放式管理extensive management

促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy

存款保证金guaranty money for deposits

E

恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation

恶性循环vicious circle

二板市场; 创业板市场second board (on the country's stock market)

二次创业start a new undertaking

二元经济dual economy

F

法轮功Falun Gong Cult

发烧友fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan

发行股票、债券issue shares and bonds

发扬优良传统carry forward the fine traditions

发优惠券以促销issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales

发展不平衡disparate development

发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.

发展新兴产业和高技术产业develop rising and high-tech industries

发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业develop animal husbandry (livestock farming),aquaculture and forestry

法治国家 a country under the rule of law

法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system

翻两番quadruple

反不正当竞争法Law of the People's Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means

反对铺张浪费oppose/combat extravagance and waste

反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government

反倾销anti-dumping

防抱死系统ABS (anti-lock braking system)

防洪工程flood-prevention project

防止经济过热prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy) 防止国有资产流失prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets

防止泡沫经济avoid a bubble economy (too many bubbles in the economy)

房管real estate management

非对称数字用户环路Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)

费改税transform administrative fees into taxes

分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market. 分流reposition of redundant personnel

分流下岗人员争取再就业redirect laid-off workers for reemployment

分期付款installment payment

分税制system of tax distribution

（产品）分销sub underwriting, distribution

粉领族pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such as office workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)

风险投资venture capital; risk investment

封闭式基金close-ended fund

福利彩票welfare lotteries

福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

浮动工资floating wages; fluctuating wages

扶贫、脱贫poverty reduction and elimination

复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the storey building)

G

改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师the chief architect of China's reform, opening and modernization drive

改进产业结构和产品结构improve the industrial pattern and product mix

该公司股票已经上市the stock of the company have been listed (have gone public, have been launched)

改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.

赶上或超过国际先进水平catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels 干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent

港人治港Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong

高产优质high yield and high quality

高度自治high degree of autonomy

高官会Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)

高级商务师Certified Business Executive

高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping Theory

高科技板块high-tech sector

高新技术产业开发区high and new technology industrial development zone

根本政治制度fundamental political system

个人收入应税申报制度the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment

个人所得税individual income tax

个体户self-employed households /people

个体工商业者individual industrialists and businessman

跟踪审计follow-up auditing

工程公司engineering company

工商局industrial and commercial bureau

工薪阶层salariat; state employee; salaried person

工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration 工业园区industrial park

公费医疗medical services at state expense

公告板服务Bulletin Board Service (BBS)

公检法public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts

公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds

公开喊价市场open outcry markets

公款吃喝recreational activities using public funds

公司分立与解散separation and dissolution of a company

公务员public servants; civil servants; government functionaries; government employees

公益林public welfare forest

公正、公平、公开just, fair and open

公证财产notarize the properties

共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party

狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)

购买力purchasing power

骨干企业key enterprise

股本金equity capital

股份合作制the joint stock cooperative system

股份制the joint stock system

股票热降温了the stock craze has abated

股市指数the stock market (exchange) index

股市指数突破1300点大关the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark

股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan

鼓励兼并，规范破产encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures

挂职

1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)

2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit

关税壁垒customs barrier; tariff wall

光谷optical valley

光机电一体化optical, mechanical and electronic integration

光盘杂志CD-ROM magazine

光通讯photo-communication; optical communication

广告电话直销direct response advertising

广域网wide area network (WAN)

国家公务员制度the system of public services

国家经济体制改革委员会the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems

国家普通话水平考试National Proficiency Test of Putonghua

国家一级保护first-grade State protection

国家质量技术监督局the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision 国家指定考试government-mandated test

国库券treasury bonds

国民党Kuomintang

国民经济支柱产业pillar industries in national economy

国内生产总值/国民生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product)

国债专项资金special fund for treasury bond

过度开垦excess reclamation

H

函授大学correspondence university

合理引导消费guide rational consumption

合议庭collegiate bench

核销cancel after verification

黑店gangster inn

中国特色词汇库（二）

分类:英语学习

黑客hacker

黑社会Mafia-style organizations; gangland

恒生指数（香港）宽幅震荡the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently

宏观调控macro-control

红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback

红帽子企业red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)

环太平洋地区Pacific Rim

胡子工程long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)

互动广告interactive advertisement

户口簿residence booklet

户口管理制度domicile system, residence registration system

户主head of a household

"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking

黄金时段prime time

(吃)"皇粮" public grain funds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state

灰色收入income from moonlighting

婚外恋extramarital love

活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn.

火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)

货币化monetization

货币回笼withdrawal of currency from circulation

货到付款cash on delivery

J

机场建设费airport construction fee

机构臃肿overstaffing in organizations (government)

基本路线要管一百年The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.

基本国情fundamental realities of the country

基层民主democracy at the grassroots level

基层组织organizations at the grass-roots level

基础设施工程第一期the first phase of the infrastructure project

基因工程genetic engineering

积压产品overstocked commodities (inventories)

积极培育新的经济增长点actively cultivate new points of economic growth 绩优股blue chip

集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development

计划单列市city specifically designated in the state plan

计划生育责任制responsibility system of family planning

技术产权交易所technology equity market; technology property right exchange

技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-intensive/knowledge-intensive industries

技术更新/改造technological updating /renovation

技术下乡spread technological knowledge to farmers

加班work extra shifts

加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring

加密encrypt

加权平均值weighted average

加强物质文明和精神文明的建设foster both material progress and cultural and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress

加强优生、优育improve prenatal and postnatal care

加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程accelerate the commercialization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements

家庭联产承包责任制the household contract responsibility system

家族企业family firm

假唱lip-synch

假动作deception, feint

假日经济holiday economy

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences

监督部门watchdog

尖端产品highly sophisticated products

艰苦创业的精神the hardworking and enterprising spirit

剪彩cut the ribbon

剪刀差the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...

减负alleviate burdens on sb.

减轻农民负担lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers)

减员增效downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

建设性战略伙伴关系 a constructive strategic partnership

讲诚信，反欺诈：honor credibility and oppose cheating

教育部社政司Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education

街道企业neighborhood enterprise

解放生产力emancipate the productive forces

解放思想、实事求是的思想路线ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts

解困基金anti-poverty funds

解决他们的温饱问题provide them with adequate food and clothing

金融电子化computerize financial services

金税工程Golden Tax Project

紧密型企业集团tightly-knit groups of enterprises

近海渔业offshore fishery

进出口商会chamber of import and export trade

进口渗透import penetration

进修班class for further studies

禁渔期closed fishing seasons

禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment

经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account 经常性贷款commercial lending

经常性支出running expenses

经济发展全球化的趋势the globalization trend in economic development

经济法制化to manage economic affairs according to law; to put economic operation on a legal basis

经济技术开发区an economic and technological development zone

经济林cash tree

经济全球化economic globalization; economic integration

经济市场化/私有化the mercerization/privatization of the economy

经济失调指数misery index

经济体制改革economic restructuring

经济头脑commercially minded people; people with business sense

经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺an economic depression (slump, recession)/an economic takeoff/an economic boom

经济转轨switch to a market economy

经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system

精简各级政府机构streamline government departments at all levels

精简机构streamline government organs

精品competitive products

京剧票友Peking Opera fan

京剧人物脸谱types of facial make-up in Beijing opera

景泰蓝cloisonné

九届二次全国人民代表大会the second session of the 9th National People's Congress

九届全国人大五次会议the Fifth Session of the Ninth NPC

九五攻关State Key Task 95

就业前和在职培训pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training

纠正行业不正之风rectify malpractice in various trades

居委会neighborhood committee; residents' committee

局域网local area network (LAN)

举报电话informants' hot-line telephone

拒载refuse to take passengers

君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green

K

卡丁车kart

开放式基金open-ended fund

开工不足enterprises running under their production capacity

开工典礼commencement ceremony

开后门under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one's friends or relatives by underhand means

开题报告opening speech; opening report

开小灶give special favor

开夜车burn the midnight oil; work over night

坎儿井karez

抗美援朝战争War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea

抗震棚quake-proof shelter

考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

考研热the craze for graduate school

科技成果转化为生产力transfer of scientific and technological achievements 科技含量technology content

科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.

科教兴国rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation

科研攻关scientific research and tackle the key research project

可持续发展sustainable development

刻录机CD writer; disc-carving machine

扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入the annual per-captia income in real terms (allowing for inflation )

跨国公司transnational corporation (transactional, multinational corporation ,multinational)

跨世纪工程 a trans-century project

跨越式发展great-leap-forward development

快讯news flash; flash

宽带接入broadband access

宽带网broadband networks

宽限期grace period

亏损企业enterprises running in the red/under deficit