高三英语完型阅读专练

完形填空解题技法之一——通过首句或首段把握全篇

首句往往是整篇文章的引领句，概括了整篇文章的中心和作者的写作意图。细读首句可以判断文章体裁，预测文章本意和主旨。完形填空的命题原则一般是文章第一句不设空，以使考生快速进入语境，并通过这一“窗口”，把握整篇文章。一般来说，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W(when，where，who，what)，说明文类的文章的首句会解释要说明的对象，议论文类的文章的首句会提出一个论点。

(2013·高考山东卷)I used to be a very self-centered person，but in the past two years I have really changeD．I have started to think about other people __36__ I think about myself.I am happy that I am becoming a __37__ person.

I think my __38__ started when I was at Palomar College.At first，I just wanted to get my __39__ and be left alone.I thought I was smarter than everyone else，so I hardly ever __40__ to anyone in my classes.By the end of my first semester，I was really __41__．It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.So I tried a(n)__42__．I started asking people around me how they were doing，and if they were having trouble I __43__ to help.That was really a big __44__ for me.By the end of the year，I had several new friends，and two of __45__ are still my best friends today.

A bigger cause of my new __46__，however，came when I took a part-time job at Vista Nursing Home.One old lady there who had Alzheimer’s disease became my __47__．Every time I came into her room，she was so __48__ because she thought I was her daughter.Her real daughter never __49__ her，so I took her place.She let me __50__that making others feel good made me feel good too，when she died，I was __51__，but I was also very grateful to her.

I think I am a much __52__ person today than I used to be，and I hope I will not __53__ these experiences.They have __54__ me to care about other people more than about myself.I __55__ who I am today，and I could not say that a few years ago.,

36A．since B．before C．or D．unless

37．A．famous B．simple C．different D．skilled 38．A．education B．career C．tour D．change

39．A．balance B．homework C．degree D．interest

40．A．talked B．wrote C．lied D．reported

41．A．careful B．lonely C．curious D．guilty 42．A．argument B．game C．experiment D．defence

43．A．dared B．offered C．hesitated D．happened 44．A．dream B．problem C．duty D．step

45．A．us B．which C．them D．whom

46．A．attitude B．hobby C．hope D．luck

47．A．friend B．partner C．guide D．guest

48．A．polite B．happy C．strange D．confident 49．A．bothered B．answered C．visited D．trusted

50．A．explain B．guess C．declare D．see

51．A．homeless B．heartbroken C．bad-tempered D．hopeless 52．A．quieter B．busier C．better D．richer

53．A．forget B．face C．improve D．analyze

54．A．forced B．preferred C．ordered D．taught

55．A．miss B．like C．wonder D．expect

（2）

完形填空解题技法之二——把握人物情感和态度

近几年的完形填空愈来愈注重对作者或者文章人物的情感态度方面的考查，因此，考生在阅读文章时要注意把握人物的情感和态度，以便顺利解题。

四步法理解作者意图或态度

1．完形填空的短文是一个完整的语篇，考生必须结合上下文语境综合考虑。

2．考生要重视首句信息的提示作用，因为它是解题的突破口，同时也或多或少地暗示了作者的写作意图。

3．考生要抓住描述作者思想情感的词，通常为形容词或副词。

4．疏通全文。考生应在理解大意和把握细节的基础上揣摩作者的写作意图，通过作者的语气和用词来把握作者的情感和态度，切忌主观臆断。

(2013?高考天津卷)As I held my father’s hands one night，I couldn’t help but notice their calluses(老茧)and roughness.His hands tell the story of his life as a __16__，including all his struggles.

One summer，I remember，a drought (旱灾) hit Ontario，turning it into a __17__ desert.On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last __18__ from the grocery store.Fifty dozen was all we needed，which __19__ took twenty minutes.That morning，however，the process didn’t __20__ quickly.After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field，we __21__needed twenty dozen.I was completely frustrated and __22__．Dropping the basket heavily，I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen，they can pick it themselves！”Dad __23__，“Just think，my little girl，only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re __24__．”Such is Dad－whatever problem he __25__，he never gives up.

__26__，the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country.It was a challenging time for everyone，__27__ Dad remained optimistiC．He __28__ to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates.Only then did I truly begin to __29__ Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.

Dad is also a living example of real __30__．From dawn to dusk，he works countless hours to__31__ our family.He always puts our happiness __32__ his own，and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games __33__ his exhaustion after long days.His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and __34__，putting others first.

Dad，the life __35__ I have learned from you will stay with me forever.You are my father，teacher，friend and，most importantly，my hero.

16. A．teacher B．gardener C．farmer D．grocer 17．A．stormy B．lively C．disappearing D．burning 18．A．order B．form C．gap D．position 19．A．repeatedly B．normally C．finally D．really 20．A．go B．begin C．occur D．change 21．A．yet B．still C．even D．nearly 22．A．surprised B．nervous C．angry D．frightened 23．A．apologized B．cried C．complained D．laughed 24．A．lost B．done C．gone D．touched 25．A．meets with B．brings up C．works out D．thinks about 26．A．Thankfully B．Hopefully C．Unfortunately D．Strangely 27．A．or B．for C．so D．but 28．A．happened B．seemed C．continued D．aimed

29．A．face B．appreciate C．examine D．question 30．A．love B．pride C．friendship D．honesty 31．A．support B．settle C．start D．impress 32．A．after B．before C．beside D．under

33．A．in spite of B．in terms of C．in control of D．in place of 34．A．careful B．regretful C．considerate D．humorous 35．A．history B．motto C．patterns D．lessons

（3）

完形填空题技法之三——利用生活常识和语法知识判断

具备一定的生活常识,了解一定的文化背景，掌握一定的语法知识，对解答完形填空题很有帮助。

1．生活常识类

社会是一所大学，除了认真学习书本知识外，考生还要积极体验生活，积累生活经验与常识，在做完形填空题时利用生活知识解题。

2．语法知识类

在完形填空题中，语法的考查难点是复合从句中从属连词的判断，尤其是长难句中，多种从句交叉使用。因此考生要具备系统准确的语法知识，同时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系。

(2013·高考安徽卷)If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a__36__ reason，such as your job or your studies？__37__ perhaps you’re interested in the __38__，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a __39__ of the language.

Most people learn best using a variety of __40__，but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people.They __41__ an environment where you can practice under the __42__ of someone who’s good at the language.We all lead __43__ lives and learning a language takes __44__．You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a __45__．It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes__46__．Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“I’m too__47__，”they say.Yes，children do learn languages more __48__ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __49__．And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I’ve also heard people __50__ about the mistakes they make when __51__．Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes __52__ you’re much less likely to make them again.

Learning a new language is never __53__．But with some work and devotion，you’ll make progress.And you’ll be __54__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in __55__ own language.Good luck！,

36. A．technical B．political C．practical D．physical 37．A．After B．So C．Though D．Or

38．A literature B．transport C．agriculture D．medicine

39．A view B．knowledge C．form D．database

40．A paintings B．regulations C．methods D．computers 41．A．protect B．change C．respect D．provide 42．A．control B．command C．guidance D．pressure 43．A．busy B．happy C．simple D．normal

44．A．courage B．time C．energy D．place 45．A．theory B．business C．routine D．project 46．A．some risks B．a lot less C．some notes D．a lot more 47．A．old B．nervous C．weak D．tired 48．A．closely B．speed C．distance D．school 50．A．worry B．hesitate C．think D．quarrel 51．A．singing B．working C．bargaining D．learning 52．A．if B．and C．but D．before 53．A．tiresome B．hard C．interesting D．easy 54．A．blamed B．amazed C．interrupted D．informed 55．A．their B．his C．our D．your

完形填空解题技法之四——利用词汇复现法

复现有原词复现、同义词复现、反义词复现、同根词复现等。完形填空中，考生可以利用上下文的复现信息，确定正确的表达方式。做完形填空题绝不能离开上下文，要学会瞻前顾后，要做到词不离句、句不离段、段不离文。有时我们会发现，上文的答案在下文有提示，而下文的答案在上文中也有信息。

(2013·高考四川卷)“Look，it’s Baldy！”A boy shouted in my direction across the playgrounD．Even though I was used to regular insults(侮辱) because of the__11__on my head，it was__12__horrible to hear.I sighed as I headed back to the class.

When I was just 20 months old，I suffered serious__13__after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my heaD．I was__14__to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors__15__to save my life.“Holly’s very__16__to be alive，”they told Mum and DaD．“But she’ll be__17__with scars on her head，and of course her hair won’t grow there.”

As a child，I cared much about my scars，so I__18__wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home.__19__I didn’t，people would call me horrible names like Baldy.Although my friends were always comforting me，they never__20__understood how it felt.

Then through the hospital I was__21__to a children’s burns camp，where children like me can get any help.There，I__22__14-year-old Stephanie，whose burns are a lot more serious than mine.But she is so__23__that she never lets anyone put her down.“You shouldn’t__24__what people say about what you look like because we’re not different from anyone else，Holly，”she__25__me.“And you don’t need to wear a scarf because you look great__26__it！” For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who’d been through something__27__．So weeks later，at my 13th birthday party，__28__by her bravery，I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars.It felt amazing not having to__29__away behind my scarf.

Now，I am__30__of what I look like and much happier，because I have realized it is your personality (个性)that decides who you truly are.

11.A．hat B．scarf C．scars D．cuts

12．A．still B．just C．never D．seldom

13．A．hunger B．cold C．defeats D．burns

14．A．rushed B．led C．invited D．forced

15．A．learned B．fought C．returned D．decided

16．A．happy B．lucky C．lonely D．poor

17．A．pressed B．occupied C．left D．painted 18．A．possibly B．usually C．finally D．nearly 19．A．Although B．Since C．If D．Before 20．A．correctly B．roughly C．easily D．really 21．A．promoted B．introduced C．reported D．carried

22．A．met B．recognized C．remembered D．caught

23．A．honest B．strong C．active D．young

24．A．write down B．agree with C．pass on D．listen to 25．A．promised B．encouraged C．ordered D．calmed

26．A．in B．for C．without D．beyond

27．A．similar B．strange C．hard D．important 28．A．allowed B．required C．guided D．inspired

29．A．hide B．give C．keep D．put

30．A．sick B．aware C．tired D．proud

主旨大意题的解题技法之一——读首句，尾句抓大意。

主旨大意题的正确选项有以下几个特点：1.涵盖性强，覆盖全文；2.所指的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；3.精确性强，不会改变语言所要表达意思的程度及色彩。

有些文章或段落的主题句居首，即常常出现在文章或段落的开头，开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释，支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想，在说明文、议论文、科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式；相反，有些文章或段落的主题句居尾。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句和首段或尾句和尾段。同样，寻找段落的主旨大意则要研究段落的首句或尾句。

(2013·高考辽宁卷)Going green seems to be a fad (时尚)for a lot of people these days.Whether that is good or bad，we can’t really say，but for the two of us，going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.

On April 22，2011，we decided to go green every single day for an entire year.This meant doing 365 different green things，and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.Rather than recycle and reduce our energy，we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.

With the idea of going green every single day for a year，Our Green Year starteD．My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment.We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.

Over the course of Our Green Year，we completely changed our lifestyles.We now shop at organic (有机的)stores.We consume less meat，choosing green fooD．We have greatly reduced our buying we don’t neeD．We have given away half of what we owned through websites.Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice，with no chemical cleaners.We make our own butter，enjoying the smell of home-made fresh breaD．In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punisheD．

Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year.We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others.We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.,60.What might be the best title for the passage?

A．Going Green B．Protecting the Planet

C．Keeping Open-Minded D．Celebrating Our Green Year

61．It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because________．

A．they were expected to follow the green fad

B．they didn’t know how to educate other people

C．they were unwilling to reduce their energy

D．they needed to perform unusual green tasks

62．What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?

A．They tried to get out of their ungreen habits.

B．They ignored others’ ungreen behavior.

C．They chose better chemical cleaners.

D．They sold their home-made fooD．

63．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．The government will give support to the green project.

B．The couple may continue their project in the future.

C．Some people disagree with the couple’s green ideas.

D．Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign.

主旨大意题解题技法之二——归纳要点抓大意

有些文章可能无主题句，考生需要根据文章中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括和总结文章的大意。

主题句隐含在全文中，没有明确的主题句，必须根据文章中的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。这种结构通常是叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。

(2013·高考广东卷)Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family，and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.I’m not going to say luck，talent，and circumstances don’t come into play because they do.Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence，and that’s just the reality of how life is.

However，to succeed in life，one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.And，in addition to that，in order to get really good at something，one needs to spend at least 10，000 hours studying and practising.To become great at certain things，it’ll require even more time，time that most people won’t put in.

This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love.If you don’t enjoy what you do，it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.

When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success，you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost.It’s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent，but thinking that way does you no good，and there’s a huge chance that you’re wrong anyway.

Whatever you do，if you want to become great at it，you need to work day in and day out，almost to the point of addiction，and over a long period of time.If you’re not willing to put in the time and work，don’t expect to receive any rewards.Consistent，hard work won’t guarantee you the level of success you may want，but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.

31.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about________．

A．the reasons for success B．the meaning of success

C．the standards of success D．the importance of success

32．In Paragraph 2，the underlined word that refers to________．

A．being good at something B．setting a practical goal

C．putting in more time D．succeeding in life

33．Successful people suggest doing what one loves because________．

A．work makes one feel pain B．one tends to enjoy his work

C．one gives up his work easily D．it takes a lot of time to succeed

34．What can we infer from Paragraph 4?

A．Successful people like to show their great skills.

B．People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.

C．People need to achieve success at the cost of life.

D．It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.

35．What is the main theme of the passage?

A．Having a goal is vital to success.

B．Being good is different from being great.

C．One cannot succeed without time and practice.

D．Luck，talent and family help to achieve success.

细节理解题解题技法之一——寻读法

做好细节理解题需要了解干扰项的如下特点：1.是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；2.符合常识，但不是文章内容；3.与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动；4.在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；5.部分正确部分错误。

寻读法即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

Multitasking

People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests.The findings，based on performances and self-evaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，”said David Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah.

Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive (冲动) they were.They then

evaluated_the_participants’multitasking_ability_with_a_tricky_mental_task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.

Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracteD．

“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity，but because they’re distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important，”Sanbonmatsu saiD．

Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.

The findings do suggest，however，why the sensation-seekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”,

67.The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask________．

A．seek high productivity constantly B．prefer handling different things when getting bored C．are more focused when doing many things at a time

D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time

68．When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they________．A．assessed the multitasking ability of the students

B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students

C．analyzed the effects of the participants’tricky mental tasks

D．measured the changes of the students’understanding ability

69．According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their________．

A．limited power in calculation B．interests in doing things differently

C．inability to concentrate on one task D．impulsive desire to try new things

70．From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually________．

A．drive very skillfully B．go in for difficult tasks

C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior

细节理解题解题技法之二——跳读法

跳读查找法是做细节理解题最基本也是最常用的方法之一。在通常情况下，细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，考生若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。

运用跳读查找法时，同学们要特别注意试题(包括选项)与原文之间的适当变换。根据近几年的高考情况来看，现在很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，而通常要进行一定的处理。而这种“处理”主要就是指进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念分析、归纳事实等。

(2013·高考四川卷)Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxeD．Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of

fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxeD．Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see－and guide whether we see fear.”

To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.

“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘sp eak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，”Dr Garfinkel saiD．

“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced，we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”,47.What is the finding of the study?

A．One’s heart affects how he feels fear.

B．Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.

C．Fear has something to do with one’s health.

D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

48．The study was carried out by analyzing________．

A．volunteers’heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

C．volunteers’reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication

49．Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?

A．Order. B．System.

C．Machine. D．Treatment.

50．This study may contribute to________．

A．treating anxiety and stress better

B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

C．finding the key to the heart-brain communication

D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

细节理解题解题技法之三——题干定位

题干定位法是指题干针对文中某处具体细节提出问题的，例如某人做了什么事，某地发生了什么情况、某物有什么特点等。此类题的特点是题干中往往出现具体且独特的信息，尤其容易出现数字类信息、专有名词或特殊概念等标志性信息，这些信息非常便于考生回原文快速定位答案区域。

在通常情况下，我们可采用以下三个步骤来解题。

第一步，首先通过题干信息来选择定位词，一般多通过题干中的名词、动词、数词来进行。

第二步，选好定位词后，返回原文，查找这个词是在文中哪句话中出现的。题目的答案一般就包含在这句话中。

第三步，比较题干信息与原文的异同，分析题目选项的正误，最终确定答案。

(2013·高考安徽卷C)When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会)，nobody understood what she was talking about.But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends.We were interested in finding out more，so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.

Sophia told us that Make-A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980.“It’s a charity(慈善机构)that helps children who have got very serious illnesses.Make -A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick，by making their wishes and dreams come true，”Sophia explained.

We asked Sophia how Make-A-Wish had first started.She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris，who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman.Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris’s dream come true－so，with everybody’s help，Chris，only seven years old at the time，had been a“policeman”for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true，they decided to try and help other sick children too，and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish，”explained Sophia.

Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special，happy time.A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world.Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.They do this either by providing things that are necessary，or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.

64.Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had________．

A．benefited from it B．volunteered to help it

C．dreamed about it D．told the author about it

65．According to Sophia，Make-A-Wish________．

A．is an international charity B．was understood by nobody at first

C．raises money for very poor families D．started by drawing the interest of the public 66．What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3?

A．He has been a policeman since he was seven.

B．He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-Wish.

C．He wanted people to help make his dream come true.

D．He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.

67．Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers?

A．They are important for making wishes come true.

B．They try to help children get over their illnesses.

C．They visit sick children to make them feel special.

D．They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.

推理判断题解题技法之一——细节性推理判断题

推理判断题是阅读理解题中难度较大、占比重也较大的一类题型。细节性推理判断题不同于一般的细节理解题，它要求考生要根据文章的内容去推断言外之意，通常不能从原文中直接找到，而要经过分析、推理、判断才能获得。这类题型要求同学们能够通过表面的文字叙述“读出”隐藏在字里行间的深层含义，捕捉作者提供的暗示，追踪作者写作时的发展思路，从而悟出作者的言外之意。

(2013·高考福建卷B)Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone，and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city can’t wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.

“I’d use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a．m.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open，”said Walter Choo，40，of Fort Greene.

The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600，the Times said，possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets (平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings.So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.

“As far as a mainstream consumer product，this just isn’t something anybody needs，”said Sam Biddle，who writes for .“We’re accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，”he added，“and the average consumer isn’t gonna be able to afford another device (装置)that’s hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”

9to5Google publisher Seth Weintraub，who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year，said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.

“It’s just like smartphones 10 years ago，”Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones，and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones，and it’s unnatural，”he said.“There’s gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”,

60.One of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses is to ________．

A．program the opening hours of a bar

B．supply you with a picture of the future

C．provide information about your surroundings

D．update the maps and GPS in your smartphones

61．The underlined phrase“pop up”in the third paragraph probably means“ ________”．A．develop rapidly B．get round quickly

C．appear immediately D．go over automatically

62．According to Sam Biddle，the smartphone-like glasses are ________．

A．necessary for teenagers B．attractive to New Yorkers

C．available to people worldwide D．expensive for average consumers

63．We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone-like glasses ________．

A．may have a potential market

B．are as common as smartphones

C．are popular among young adults

D．will be improved by a new technology

推理判断题解题技法之二——综合性推理判断题综合性推理判断题通常围绕文章的若干个段落或整个文章提出，如果单纯只看文章中的某一个句子或段落都很难得出全面而准确的答案，因此要综合考虑。在所给的选项中，有的是阅读材料中的细节，并非推理；而有的推理，虽然在文章中可以找到依据，但只是从某个细节或段落得出的内容，而不能概括整篇的内容要求，因此解答这类题目时一定要把所有的信息都综合起来考虑，与整篇文章相吻合，而不只是与一个点相吻合。

(2013·高考天津卷D)When asked about happiness，we usually think of something extraordinary，an absolute delight，which seems to get rarer the older we get.

For kids，happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is

unreserved (毫不掩饰的)．

In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement，love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.

In adulthood the things that bring deep joy－love，marriage，birth－also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults，happiness is complicated (复杂的)．

My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have，the happier we are.It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends，the freedom to live where we please，and even good health.

I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing，which I love.When the kids and my husband came home，I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.

Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don’t think that my grandmother，who raised 14 children，had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family，and maybe this is what satisfied her.

We，however，with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area，have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self-conscious about our “right”to it that it’s making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success，without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.

Happiness isn’t about what happens to us－it’s about how we see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It’s not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we do possess.

51.As people grow older，they________．

A．feel it harder to experience happiness B．associate their happiness less with others C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness 52．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?

A．She cares little about her own health. B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.

C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life. D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework. 53．What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?

A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.

B．Psychologists’opinion is well proved by Grandma’ case.

C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.

D．Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life.

54．People who equal happiness with wealth and success________．

A．consider pressure something blocking their way B．stress their right to happiness too much C．are at a loss to make correct choices D．are more likely to be happy

55．What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.B．Each man is the master of his own fate. C．Success leads to happiness. D．Happy is he who is content.

观点态度题解题技法——理清三种态度，巧解观点态度题

1．作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。同学们除了可以通过在文中寻找带有感情色彩的词来判断作者的态度外，有时还需要综合运用一些阅读方法。

2．观点态度题的解题技巧

(1)漠不关心类词语一般不对，既然写文章就不会不关心。

(2)不要把自己的态度揉入其中，也要区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度。

(3)当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬去判断作者的态度。

(4)作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联。(5)持有保留态度的比较客观，常常是正确选项。

Does Fame Drive Y ou Crazy?

Although being famous might sound like a dream come true，today’s stars，feeling like zoo animals，face pressures that few of us can imagine.They are at the center of much of the world’s attention.Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes，cameras ready.Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!

According to psychologist Christina Villarreal，celebrities－famous people－worry constantly about their public appearance.Eventually，they start to lose track of who they really are，seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them，not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.“Over time，”Villarreal says，“they feel separated and alone.”

The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.In the 4th century B．C.，painters followed Alexander the Great into battle，hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century，his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans，leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy.Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.

Being a public figure today，however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be.Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story”alive forever.

If fame is so troublesome，why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it.Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.

Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.Still，even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are.They are tired of being famous already.,

63.It can be learned from the passage that stars today________．

A．are often misunderstood by the public B．can no longer have their privacy protected C．spend too much on their public appearance D．care little about how they have come into fame 64．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?

A．Great heroes of the past were generally admired.

B．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.

C．Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.

D．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.

65．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?

A．Availability of modern media. B．Inadequate social recognition.

C．Lack of favorable chances. D．Huge population of fans.

66．What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?

A．Sincere. B．Sceptical. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic.

文章结构题解题技法——把握文章发展脉络，巧解文章结构题

1．所谓文章结构题，就是指那些针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的论述层次所设置的问题。这类题主要考查考生在理解全文的基础上对文章所描述事件的发展顺序、所说明事物的结构层次或在论述观点过程中使用的论证方法进行归纳和总结的能力。文章结构题的题干表现形式：

(1)Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

(2)In the next part，what would the author most probably discuss?

(3)How is the passage mainly developed?

2．文章结构题常用技法

(1)把握各段的要点；

(2)掌握常见的写作方法(时间顺序、空间顺序、举例、对比或类比)和结构(总—分、总—分—总、分—总等)(3)结合不同的文体全面考虑问题。

According to sociologists(社会学家)，every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层)．Class，power and status are important in deciding people’s rank in society.

Class means a person’s economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class，middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined，they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class，46% the middle class，and 1% the upper class.Interestingly，a surgeon earning $500，000 a year and a bus driver earning $50，000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!

Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously，people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power，but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand，however.For example，the governor of a state has great power，but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相应的)economic class.Generally，however，there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge，there aren’t too many people who aren’t millionaires in the U．S.Senate!

Status is the honor or respect attached to a person’s position in society.It can also be affected by power and class，but not necessarily so.For example，a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.

54.What can we learn about“the middle class”from Paragraph 2?

A．People earning $50，000 a year belong to the middle class.

B．Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.

C．People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.

D．Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.

55．According to the text，we know that________．

A．power and class do not always correspond with each other

B．status refers to a person’s economic position in society

C．people with high status have a lot of control over others

D．class is less important in deciding a person’s social rank

56．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?（(P：Paragraph)

写作意图题解题技法——把握体裁，抓住高频词，突破写作意图题写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但要能理解文章的大意，还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。

不同文章体裁体现出作者不同的写作意图，因而在做这类题时，我们一方面要把握体裁，另一方面要抓住文章中的高频词，即反反复复出现的词，才能突破写作意图题。不同的文章体裁体现不同的写作风格。

(2013·高考四川卷D)Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia(怀旧)．It’s fun to come home.It looks the same.It smells the same.You’ll realize what’s changed is you.Home is where we can remember pain，love，and some other experiences：We parted here；My parents met here；I won three championships here.

If I close my eyes，I can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home.I walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glass-top wooden table.To the right of the living room is my first bedroom.It’s empty，but it’s where my earliest memories are.

There is the dining room table where I celebrated birthdays，and where I cried on Halloween－when I didn’t want to wear the skirt my mother made for me.I always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong.If I sit at this table，I can see my favorite room in the house，my parents’room.It is simple：a brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side.Their bed is my safe zone.I can jump on it anytime－waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.

I’m lucky because I know my first home still exists.It exists in my mind and heart，on a physical property(住宅) on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles.It is proof I lived，I grew，and I learned.

Sometimes when I feel lost，I lie down and shut my eyes，and I go home.I know it’s where I’ll find my family，my dogs，and my belongings.I purposely leave the window open at night because I know I’ll be blamed by Mom.But I don’t mind，because I want to hear her say my name，which reminds me I’m home.

43.Why does the author call her parents’bed her “safe zone”(Paragraph 3)?

A．It is her favorite place to play. B．Her needs can be satisfied there.

C．Her grandparents’photos are lined on each side.

D．Her parents always play together with her there.

44．What can be learned from the passage?

A．The old furniture is still in the auth or’s first bedroom.

B．The author can still visit her first physical home in Los Angeles.

C．The author’s favorite room in her first home is the dining room.

D．Many people of the author’s age can still find their first physical homes.

45．Sometimes when she feels lost，the author will________．

A．open the window at night B．lie down in bed to have a dream

C．try to bring back a sense of home D．go to Los Angeles to visit her mom

46．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

A．To express how much she is attached to her home.

B．To declare how much she loves her first house.

C．To describe the state of her family.

D．To look back on her childhood.

文章出处题解题技法——把握文章特点，突破文章出处题文章出处题要求考生根据文章所讲述的内容，如广告、科普知识、新闻报道、教育等话题，推测文章节选何处。

推测文章的来源或者推测读者对象要求考生具备一定的常识。因此，考生本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普知识、小说、童话、广告、教材、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等有基本的了解，这样才能在做题时根据文章的特点选出最佳答案。

(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ·B)The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise (同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.,

60.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s________．

A．sense of hearing

B．sense of sight

C．sense of touch

D．sense of smell

61．Babies are sensitive to the change in________．

A．the size of cards

B．the colour of pictures

C．the shape of patterns

D．the number of objects

62．Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

C．To carry their experiment further.

D．To keep the babies’ interest.

63．Where does this text probably come from?

A．Science fiction.

B．Children’s literature.

C．An advertisement.

D．A science report.

猜测词义解题技法——同义解释法、前后对比法、举例说明法与构词法

掌握一定的猜词技巧对突破高考阅读理解和提高考生的英语语言运用能力都有非常重要的意义。常见猜测词义技法如下：

1．通过构词法猜测词义。阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生、转化或合成的新词，考生可以依据构词法方面的知识来猜测词义。

2．通过同义、反义前后对比关系猜测词义。在生词所在的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或反义的词语，这时可根据熟悉的词语的含义推知生词的含义。

3．同义解释法

同义解释形式多样，有的利用下定义，有的利用or，that is(to say)，in other words，namely等引出后面的解释，有的利用破折号,同位语(从句)，定语从句或同义词、近义词等引出后面的解释。4．举例说明法

根据生词后举出的有关例子进行适当归纳，即使不能完全猜测生词的词义，也能猜出大致意义。

EP Portable Heater

We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget.Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP portable heater.With over one million satisfied customers around the world，the new EP heats better and faster，saves more on heating bills，and runs almost silent.

The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire.The outside of the EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.

The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room.With other heaters，you’ll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.

The advanced EP also heats the room evenly，wall to wall and floor to ceiling.It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet.Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room.And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater.With the EP，the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.

The EP comes with a 3-year warranty (保修) and a 60-day，no questions asked，satisfaction guarantee.If you are not totally satisfied，return it at our expense and your money will be given back to

you.

Now we have a special offer for 10 days，during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.If you order after that，we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.

Take action right now！,

56.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?

A.The heat of the EP.

B.The safety of the EP.

C.The appearance of the EP.

D.The material of the EP.

57．From the passage，we can learn that the EP________．

A．doesn’t burn up oxygen B．runs without any noise

C．makes people get sleepy D．is unsuitable for children and pets

58．The underlined word“evenly”in Paragraph 4 probably means________．

A．continuously B．separatelyC．quickly D．equally

59．The main purpose of the passage is to________．

A.persuade people to buy the product B．advise people to save on heating bills

C.report the new development of portable heaters pare the functions of different heater brands