西北大学(非英语专业)博士研究生入学考试
西北大学（非英语专业）博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲
（试行稿）
（一）词汇和语法（25分）
本部分主要测试学生认知及应用词汇及短语的能力，测试教学大纲内的词汇所覆盖的内容和相关语法。共25题，每题1分。
（二）阅读理解（25分）
阅读理解测试旨在检验考生能否在规定时间内对所给阅读材料中叙述的内容进行理解、洞察和辨别，即要求考生能从不同的角度分析文章并通过阅读获取信息，把握文章作者的观点，明确各语句之间的逻辑关系。题材有科普、经济、教育、社会生活、历史文化、人物传记等；文章体裁包括议论文、叙述文、说明文、应用文等。
主要测试下列能力：
a）掌握所读材料的中心思想、主要内容和细节。
b）对所读材料的内容进行一定的判断和推理。
c）理解某些词和句子的意义及上下文之间的逻辑关系。
d）领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度。
e）此部分将给出5—6篇的短文，每篇350—400词，要求阅读速度70词/分钟。每篇设4—5小题，每小题1分。
（三）英汉互译（30分）
1、汉译英（15分）
汉译英部分旨在考察考生掌握汉英翻译的方法技巧、语言翻译能力以及汉英翻译所必备的语言文化知识。考生能够将中等难度60—70汉字的短文译成英语，无语言错误，基本符合英语表达习惯，笔译速度达到每小时200个左右汉字。
2、英译汉（15分）
英译汉部分一般是段落翻译、篇章翻译，或给出一篇包含若干下画线句的文章，要求考生根据全文意思将下画线句译出。考察考生能否将难度较大、结构复杂的120词左右的短文译成汉语，理解正确，译文达意，笔译速度达到每小时360个左右英文词。
（四）写作（20分）
主要测试学生用英语书面表达思想的一般能力。要求考生能切题，正确表达思想，语言连贯，无重大语言错误。要求写出不少于150词左右的短文和段落。试卷可能提供题目、情景、写作提纲或图表信息资料，要求写出短文：或提供文章（中文或英文），要求写出英文摘要或大意。写摘要或大意时，将适当增加阅读原文的时间。
西北大学研究生招生办公室
2009年3月10日
2018年博士生入学考试英语参考答案
1.These figures boil down to no significance as they are statistically imperfect. A amount to B conform to C contribute to D attach to 2.The researchers are working hard to find the optimal concentration of this drug. A most poisonous B most likely C most famous D most desirable 3.This young lawyer dares to take on the powerful on behalf of the poor and weak. A with the favor of B find good jobs for C assume the responsibility for D accept the challenge of 4.The last traces of respectability had vanished by the time he was convicted and imprisoned. A collapsed B disappeared C perished D scattered 5.Fearful of losing her job for good, this lady decided to talk to the manager directly. A for benefits B by luck C for ever D at hand. 6.An important innovation in this college was the introduction of the seminary method for advanced students. A idea B change C matter D policy 7.This archaeologist made a study of the vast area through which the Roman civilization has been propagated. A extended B terminated C speculated D restricted 8.The investor would suffer a lot from a television series that was heavily invested in but never came off. A was released B proved satisfactory C failed completely D won awards 9.Given the gravity of the situation, the best thing we can do is to declare the company bankrupt. A gravitation B fascination C seriousness D incurability 10.When the symptom occurs, she finds it difficult to manipulate a pencil despite her young age. A utilize B handle C master D dominate Section B : Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B , C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. 11.The country once threatened to ___ diplomatic relations with its neighbor if the latter was too friendly to the rebels. A show off B keep off C break off D call off 12.In English leaning, a ___ circle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded. A vicious B vigorous C vertical D voluntary 13.Some ancient people were able to tell the time by the shadow ___by the sun on the slate. A thrown B flung C cast D tossed(upward) https://www.360docs.net/doc/bf8764794.html,petition compels districts to devote their limited resources to achieving results that compare ___ with other local districts. A significantly B favorably C dramatically D superficially 15.If you don’t know how to ___ your achievements, your parting from this world is going to be a nightmar e. A take hold of B get rid of C let go of D make fun of 16.This country could have as many as 10 million cases of AIDS in 2010 if the ____ is not taken seriously. A episode B epidemic C equivalent D eruption 17.With a wide variety of fresh fruit ___available, canner fruit is no longer so popular as before. A willingly B appropriately C confidently D readily =easily 18.The crisis over parliamentary election illustrated the unpredictable ____that events could take once the coalition troops are withdrawn. A process B line C way D course 19.Decades of ___ might have been partially responsible for our ignorance of development abroad. A insulation B irrigation C integration D isolation 20.There have been some insensible people who attempt to end their pains ____ through suicide. A by and large B once for all =forever C heart and soul D on the whole Part II. Cloze Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrases marked A, B, C and D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. There is now a new keychain device that lets people turn off most TVs anywhere---- from airports to restaurants. And it is selling faster than 21 . “I thought there would just be a few sales, but we can’t 22 demand,” said inventor Mitch
2019英语硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案
2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land... When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. 18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.
博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲(可编辑修改word版)
福州大学博士研究生入学考试 英语考试大纲 一、考查目标 本考试重点考查考生的英语语言知识和语言技能（本考试属水平考试，不 指定任何参考书）。具体要求如下： 1.词汇 要求考生掌握约 5000 个英语词汇和约 500 个常用词组。此外，还应掌握词汇间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。 2.语法 要求考生熟练掌握英语的基本语法知识、常用句型和结构，能正确理解包含这些知识、句型和结构的句子和语篇，并能在实践中准确、自如地运用这些知识。 3.阅读 要求考生能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能熟练地阅读和理解一般性题材的文章、科技文章及应用性形式的阅读材料。要求能理解主旨大意，读懂细节，能理解上下文的逻辑关系，并领会作者或话语参与各方的主要意图和态度及其异同等。 4.语篇完形处理 在理解阅读材料的基础上能综合运用词汇、语法、搭配、语段、篇章逻辑 等方面的知识和上下文等对语篇各层次的信息进行正确判断和完形处理。 5．翻译 （1）英译汉 要求考生能在 30 分钟内把一篇 150 词左右的一般性题材的英语短文或科学常识性文章中的段落译成汉语，能准确表达原文的意思，语句通顺，用词正确，无较大的语言错误。 （2）汉译英 要求考生能在 30 分钟内把一篇 150 字左右的一般性题材的汉语短文或科学常识性文章中的段落译成英语。要求译文忠实于原文，译文达意，符合英语表达习惯，无较大的语言错误。 6．写作 要求考生能根据命题或图表等在 30 分钟内写出一篇 200 字以上的短文，或根据所给文章（中文或英文）要求写出 200 字以上的英文摘要。写作部分的考查目标是测试考生用英语书面表达思想和见解的能力。所写文章应切合主题，能正确表达思想，意义连贯，无较大的语言错误。
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案
2018年考研英语（二）试题及参考答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 . In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested. Student’s willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 subsequent experiments reproduced, this effect with other stimuli 9 the sound of finger nails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans. Much the same as the basic drives for_11_or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can _12_New Scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such_13_can backfire, the insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however, in a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. ” Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity. Hsee says “in other words, don’t read online comments”. 1. [A]Protect [B] resolve [C] discuss [D] ignore 2. [A]refuse [B] wait [C] regret [D] seek 3. [A]hurt [B] last [C]mislead [D] rise 4. [A]alert [B] tie [C] treat [D] expose 5. [A]message [B] review [C] trial [D] concept
西北大学博士入学考试复习题-石油天然气地质
一、概念： 1、天然气 狭义：但是石油和天然气地质学界所讲的是狭义的天然气，系指与油田和气田有关的可燃气体，成分以气态烃为主，多与生物成因有关。 2、储层 凡是能够储存和渗滤流体的岩石均称为储集岩，由储集岩构成的地层称为储集层，即储层。 3、盖层 盖层是指位于储集层上方，能阻止储集层中油气向上逸散的岩层。 4、烃源岩 通常我们将能够生成石油和天然气的岩石称为生油岩，又叫做烃源岩。 5、圈闭 适合于油气聚集、形成油气藏的场所，称为圈闭。圈闭由三部分组成，储集层、盖层、阻止油气继续运移、造成油气聚集的遮挡物。 总之圈闭是具备捕获分散烃类形成油气聚集的有效空间，具备储藏油气的能力，但圈闭中不一定都有油气。 6、含油气盆地 含油气盆地指的是地壳上具有统一的地质发展历史，发育着良好的生、储、盖组合及圈闭条件，并已发现油气田的沉积盆地。 7、油气田 油气田是指受单一局部构造或者地层因素控制的，同一产油面积上的油藏、气藏、油气藏的总和。 8、油气藏 油气藏：是地壳上油气聚集的基本单元，是油气在单一圈闭中的聚集，具有独立压力系统和统一的油水界面。
更具体的说，就是一定数量的运移着的油气，由于遮挡物的作用，阻止了它们继续运移，而在储集层中聚集起来，就形成了油气藏。 9、初次运移 油气自烃源岩向储集层中的运移，称为初次运移。 10、二次运移 石油和天然气进入储集层以后的一切运移，都称为二次运移。 11、滚动勘探开发 所谓滚动勘探开发是指，对于复式油气聚集带（区）或复杂油气田，从评价勘探到油气田全面投入开发阶段，在采取整体控制的基础上，勘探一块，开采一块，评价勘探与油田开发紧密结合、交叉进行的工作方法。 12、储量 石油与天然气储量是指埋在地下的石油和天然气的数量。它是油气田勘探工作成果的综合反映，是油气田开发的物质基础，也是石油工业发展和油田建设的依据。 13、石油 石油是由各种碳烃化合物和少量杂质组成的存在于地下岩石孔隙中的液态可燃有机矿产，是成分十分复杂的天然有机化合物的混合物。 14、干酪根 沉积岩中不溶于碱、非氧化型酸和非极性有机溶剂的分散有机质。15、沉积有机质 所谓沉积有机质，也叫地质有机质，是随无机质点一起沉积并保存下来的生物残留物质。 16、输导层 输导层是将油气从生烃区输送至聚集地的中间桥梁，决定了流体运移
世界表演艺术大学排名
2016世界表演艺术大学排名 飞秒国际教育学校翻译 1.The Juilliard School (美国茱莉亚学院) 2.University of Music and Performing ArtsVienna （奥地利维也纳音乐与表演艺术大学） 3.Royal College of Music（英国皇家音乐学院） 4.University of Oxford （英国牛津大学） 5.Royal Academy of Music （英国皇家音乐学院） 6.Royal Conservatoire of Scotland (Formerly Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama) （苏格兰皇家音乐与戏剧学院） 7.Sibelius Academy（芬兰西贝柳斯学院） 8.Universityof California, Berkeley (UCB)（美国加州大学伯克利分校） 9.Guildhall School of Music and Drama（英国市政厅音乐及戏剧学院） 10.Indiana University Bloomington （美国印第安纳大学伯明顿校区）
11.Royal College of Music in Stockholm (KMH)（瑞典斯德哥尔摩皇家音乐学院） 12.Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris (CNSMDP)（法国巴黎国立高等音乐舞蹈学院） 13.Curtis Institute of Music（柯蒂斯音乐学院） 14.RoyalHolloway University of London （伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院） 15.University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)（美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校） 16.HochschulefürMusik und Theater München（德国慕尼黑音乐和戏剧学院） 17.Harvard University （哈佛大学） 18.University of Cambridge （剑桥大学） 19.Conservatoire de Musique de Genève（瑞士日内瓦音乐学院）
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题(附答案详解)
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一) Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3. 4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else. 11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before look ing into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them. Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity. 1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from 2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest 3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price 4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again 5. [A]Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When 6. [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains 7. [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare 8. [A] at [B] by [C]of [D]to 9. [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle 10.[A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D]supporters 11.[A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic 12.[A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight 13.[A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over 14.[A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted 15.[A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside 16.[A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] .remembered 17.[A] betrayed [B]wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked
2015西北大学考博英语真题阅读理解精练
2015西北大学考博英语真题阅读理解精练The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals,assessing the problem,formulating options,estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision,and only then taking action to implement the decision.Rather,in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers,these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed“intuition”to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,and surprise;and to integrate action into the process of thinking. Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition.In general,however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is.Some see it as the opposite of rationality;others view it as an excuse for capriciousness. Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’intuition is neither of these. Rather,senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First,they intuitively sense when a problem exists.Second,managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational,but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture,often in an“Aha!”
美国电子与电气工程专业排名
电子与电气工程（EE）专业 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院 2 Stanford University斯坦福大学 University of California Berkeley加州大学伯克利分校 4 University of Illinois Urbana Champaign伊利诺伊大学厄本那—香槟分校 5 California Institute of Technology加州理工学院 6 Georgia Institute of Technology佐治亚理工学院 7 Carnegie Mellon University卡内基美隆大学 University of Michigan Ann Arbor密西根大学-安娜堡分校 9 Cornell University康乃尔大学 The University of Texas at Austin德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校 11 Princeton University普林斯顿大学 Purdue University,West Lafayette普渡大学西拉法叶校区 13 University of California Los Angeles加州大学洛杉机分校 14 University of Maryland College Park马里兰大学帕克分校 University of Southern California南加州大学 University of Wisconsin Madison威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校 17 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute伦斯勒理工学院 University of California San Diego加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校 University of California Santa Barbara加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校 University of Washington华盛顿大学 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University弗吉尼亚理工大学 22 Columbia University in the City of New York Columbia College哥伦比亚大学纽约哥伦比亚学院 The Ohio State University,Columbus俄亥俄州立大学哥伦布分校 Texas A&M University德州A&M大学 25 Johns Hopkins University约翰霍普金斯大学 Penn State University Park宾州州立大学-University Park Campus Rice University莱斯大学 University of Minnesota Twin Cities明尼苏达大学Twin Cities分校 University of Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚大学 30 Harvard University哈佛大学 31 Arizona State University亚利桑那州立大学 Duke University杜克大学 North Carolina State University,Raleigh北卡罗来纳州立大学 Northwestern University西北大学 35 The University of Arizona亚利桑那大学 University of Colorado Boulder科罗拉多大学波尔得分校 University of Florida佛罗里达大学 38 Iowa State University爱荷华州立大学 University of California Davis加州大学戴维斯分校 University of California Irvine加州大学欧文分校 University of Notre Dame圣母大学
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题_附答案
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）试题_附答案 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot__1___ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law___2___ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that__3___ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartia l. Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be__4__ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not ___5__ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself____6___ to the code of conduct that __7____to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other cases ___8___the question of whether there is still a ___9__ between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law__10__ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions __11__ they would be free to __12__those in power and have no need to__13___ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely __14___. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ___15___like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it __16___is inescapably political —which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily ___17__ as unjust. The justices must __18___doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making