被动语态

被动语态
被动语态

第八章被动语态

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能有被动语态。

1.被动语态的构成

由“be+过去分词”构成。以动词ask为例,将几种常用时态的被动形式列表如下:

2.怎样把主动语态变成被动语态

基本方法:用原宾语作被动句的主语;把原来的主动动词变成被动形式,要保持原时态;原主语变成by的宾语。

(1)单宾语结构。如:

We all like music. → Music is liked by us all.

(2)双宾语结构。即可以用间接宾语(人)作主语,也可以用直接宾语(物)作主语。剩下的宾语仍留在原来位置上。

如:

We gave him some books.

→ He was given some books.

→ Some books were given (to) him.

(3) 复合宾语结构

含复合宾语的句子变被动语态时应以宾语作主语,宾语补足语仍留在原来的位置上,转化为主语补足语。如:

They found the house empty.

→ The house was found empty.

(4)含情态动词的句子

其被动语态形式是“情态动词+ be +过去分词”。如:

We must work out a plan.

→ A plan must be worked out.

(5)含多词动词的句子。变成被动语态时,多词动词要保持完整性,即不能丢掉其中的副词或介词。如:

We should take good care of the children.

→ The children should be taken good care of.

(6)主动语态为祈使句时。如:

Do it at once.

→ Let it be done at once.

3.被动语态的使用场合

(1)强调动作的承受者时。如:

The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打扫。

(2)不知道动作者是谁,或虽知道但不愿说出时。如:

This letter has been opened. 信被打开了。

(3) 主语部分太长时。如:

This machine was invented by a student who had just graduated from Beijing University. 这台机器由一名刚从北京大学毕业的学生所发明。

(4)动作者为非特定的对象,没有说出的必要时。如:

English is spoken in Australia. 澳大利亚讲英语。

(5)用于某些固定句型中。如:

It is said that…, It is hoped that…, It is well known that…, It is believed that, It must be pointed out that…, It is reported that…, It has been decided that…, It is thought that.., It is suggested that…等。

一般将来时的被动语态

语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者(施动者),被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者(受动者)。本单元的语法是一般将来时态的被动语态,现就其用法归纳如下: 一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成: 1.一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为:主语+shall / will + be done。(shall 用于第一人称,will用于各种人称) 如:We shall / will be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定,我们将要受到惩罚。 The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。 2.一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为:主语+shall / will + not + be done.(可缩写成shan’t或won’t)如: The meeting won’t be held tomo rrow. 明天不再举行会议。 The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.

展览会将不会推迟到下周。 3.一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句句式:shall / will+主语+be done。(回答用yes或no)如: Won’t water be turned into ice, i f it is below freezing temperature? 如果气温在冰点之下,水难道不会变成冰吗? ---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will. ---这项工作会立刻被完成吗?---是的,立刻就完成。 4.一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:疑问词+ shall / will + 主语+ be done。如: When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候被出版? 二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成: 1.主语+be going to +be done Some old buildings are going to be put down. 一些旧的楼房将被推倒。 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.

英语语法:被动语态的用法

英语语法:被动语态的用法 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去 分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。 Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分 词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。 Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建 一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。 4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动 词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自 行车。

They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。 6.过去实行时的被动语态构成:was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成:had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前,教室尚未打扫。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成:shall/will + have done

英语被动语态的翻译举例

英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时,应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受(到)”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……(给)”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如: 1)The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫(让)他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2)He was praised(表扬). But we were criticized(批评;责备). 3)The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为(被)许多人所使用。 4)The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语,译成汉语的主动句。例如: 1)All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或:那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2)Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3.按照英语句子的主谓顺序,译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如: 1)His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2)The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4.成汉语的无主句。例如: 1)Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为:不久那个消息就收到了。 2)After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿,看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如: 1)He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2)Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们(大家,我们)都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3)She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4)It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……;众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人(将)会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如: 1)A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2)I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天,我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。

英语被动语态用法详解(1)

英语被动语态用法详解(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1.— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A.is repaired B.is being repaired C.was repaired D.has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意:--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?--不行,暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选B。 2.________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A.Having explained B.Having been explained C.Though it was explained D.It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子,排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用,所以选D。 3.(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A.will be published B.have been published C.had been published D.are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案:A 4.(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a cold front________to arrive. A.will be expected B.is expecting C.expects D.is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为:预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继

初中英语语法:被动语态

初中英语语法:被动语态 概念:英语有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成:被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成; 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化; 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not;而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗? 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时,常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。

被动语态的转换步骤:当主动语态变为被动语态时,通常要经过四步: 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词时,应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”),若主语是人称代词时,应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意:1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的主动结构变为被动结构时,可将其中一个宾语变 为主语,另一个不变;如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中,使役动词如make,let,have或感官动词如hear,watch,see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .

英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译

第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比,英语的被动句显然多于汉语,因为英语重视形态(形式),汉语不重视形态,重视语感。如: (1)海水不可斗量。(2)文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式,认为“成事者必在 人”,施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者,将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。) 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3)Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?

在什么地方可以找到您?(请问您住在什么地方?) 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢? 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度,因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 (一)译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式(主动式动词+介短) (二)译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“(遭)受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”

被动语态一

、将下列句子变为被动语态 1. They will build a road here. 2. My father is mending my bike now. 3. What did you say at the meeting? 4. We must finish our homework first. 5.Shall we water the flowers? 6. People often see her read in the open air. 7. My mother bought me a new pair of shoes. 8. Did he break the window? 9. We should take good care of the trees. 10. T he children don ' t play basketball well. 二、单项选择 1. ____________________________ Thousands of trees every day. A. are cut down B. are being cut down C. have been cut down D. had been cut down 2. _______________ Football in most middle schools in many countries. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. is played 3. He a warm welcome at the station. A. was given B. gave C. was giving D. has given 4. _______________ The room again tomorrow afternoon. A. will be cleaned B. will clean C. is cleaned D. cleans 5. _________________________ All the answers already. A. have been found out B. have found out C. are found out were found out D. 6. _________________________ A dinosaur show at the museum next week. A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D. will hold 7. _________________________ The Great Wall all over the world. A. are known B. is known C. will be known D. knows 8. _________________ The bird fly away yesterday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. was let to 9. Water ____ into ice under 0C. A. will change B. can be changed C. should change D. must be changed

英语语法被动语态归纳总结

英语语法被动语态归纳总结 一、单项选择被动语态 Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.1.was being repaidBAwill be repaid ..was repaidDChas been repaid ..A【答案】【解析】later in life意为在以后的生活试题解析:考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语that you do nownow在句中,可以判断为将来时态,此处要注意的是不要被前文的混淆,the hard work的定语成分,与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意:不要担中充当A。心,你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选考点:考查时态辨析。 2 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the .bird flu virus.had been confirmedconfirmed BA..have confirmedDCwas confirmed ..C【答案】【解析】2014H7N9年,当时,一名女性被确诊感病毒的报告发生在试题分析:句意:一例人感染was reported in 2014Confirm可知,是过去的事情,先行染了禽流感。证实,确认,根据confirmwoman2014BD是动宾关系,即她、与词是,定语从句也用一般过去时,排除;C。是被确诊的,故选考点:考查时态与被动语态 3()The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of 江苏四校第四次考试.the missing________shortly.have been publishedBAwill be published ..are publishedChad been published D..A【答案】【解析】shortly不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来考查时态。时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。A答案: The affairs of each country should be by its own people.4.settledAelected B..containedCdeveloped D..B【答案】. settle,【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选Bcontain electdevelop “”。选举;。意为包含,控制。故选解决发展; Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?—5.Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.—has been sentwas sent BA..would be senthad been sent DC..B【答案】——Peterson——很【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?ZimbabweUncle Peterson被派到去做志愿教师了。由语境可知,可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时Bhesend选项正确。和之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,态。且主语 6The singer's music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four .weeks ago.has viewedBAviewed ..has been viewedCwas viewed D..D【答案】【解析】B. was viewedA. viewed过去式的被试题分析:考查动词时态与语态辨析。,一般过去式;D. has been viewedC. has viewed,现在完成式的被动语态。句意:,现在完成式;动语态;9百自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上,这个视频的访问量达到了将近music videosincehas done 是被从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时万次。形式,又因D。访问的,故要用被动语态。故选考点:考查动词时态与语态辨析。 7Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth ._________very well.had been told; washedBAhas been told; washes ..had been told; was washedDCwas told; was washed ..B【答案】【解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语故用过去完成时。像: washed随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告态,结合前面时态可知,应选。句意B。诉她那种布很好洗。故选

语法知识—被动语态的分类汇编

一、选择题 1.-Hey, Molly, You______ on the phone just now. But you weren’t here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A.wanted B.are wanted C.were wanted D.have wanted 2.Han Han’s books are popular. They ___________ by many teenagers now . A.is read B.was read C.are read D.were read 3.—The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China. —I’m sure it will be a great success. A.hold B.will hold C.were held D.will be held 4.—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A.is held B.was held C.will be held 5.I won't leave my office until my work___________. A.finishes B.will finish C.is finished D.finishing 6.More trees __________ on both sides of the road in our city this coming winter holidays. A.are planted B.were planted C.will be planted D.have been planted 7.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time. A.can learn B.need learn C.can be learned D.need be learned 8.—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A.asked B.am asked C.have been asked D.was asked 9.This book_______by a lot of young people today. A.reads B.are reading C.is read 10.Mike, you can go out if your homework ________. A.finish B.finishes C.will finish D.is finished 11.—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A.is built B.was built C.build D.built 12.-Can he get the first prize for running? -Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg. A.would expect to do B.was expected to do C.has expected doing D.is expected doing 13.It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A.used for B.will be used up C.used up D.will be used for 14.—Do you think the old machine is ____________, grandma? —Yes, it is _________for carrying water.

英语语法:被动语态

语法专题复习:动词的被动语态( Passive Voice ) 【Teaching goals】 1.了解五大时态的被动语态结构并掌握其用法。 2.掌握被动语态中特殊的一些表达形式。 3.学会总结所接触语言材料中的规律。 【Teaching Important Points】 了解英语各时态的被动语态及一些特殊表达形式。 【使用说明】 课前认真阅读复习指导用书相关内容并完成自主学习部分的练习。 【自主学习】 Task 1 英语动词分为两种语态:主动语态( active voice)和被动语态( passive voice )。______________表示主语是动作的执行者;___________________表示主语是动作的承受者。 Tell whether the following sentences use active voice or passive voice. 1. English is spoken by many people. ( ) 2. Children often sing the song together. ( ) 3. They will take their daughter to hospital tomorrow. ( ) 4. Our classroom must be cleaned every day. ( ) 5. He was laughed at by all the people. ( ) 6. I borrowed this book from the library last week. ( ) Task 2 被动语态由________________________构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。以write 为例说明被动语态在以下时态中的构成:

被动语态的结构及用法

教学过程 被动语态的结构及用法 Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习 一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs 1、规则动词过去分词的构成: (1)一般情况+ed 如worked;以不发音的e结尾,直接+d 如liked (2)以“辅音字母+y”,y →i+ed 如study →studied (3)以重读闭音节结尾,词尾仅一个辅音字母,双写词尾辅音字母+ed 如stopped,planned 2、特殊变化:课本附录 Step 2 Presentation:呈现 一、语态概述:略讲 1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的,分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 2、主动语态,即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom. 3、被动语态,即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us. 二、被动语态的构成:略 被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义,但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后,有时也可省。 1、现在: (1)一般现在时am/is/are + done (2)现在进行时am/is/are + being done (3)现在完成时have/has + been done 2、过去: (1)一般过去时was/were + done (2)过去进行时was/were + being done 3、将来:一般将来时shall/will + be done 三、被动语态句式:略 (1)肯定:主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them. (2)否定:主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them. (3)一般疑问句:Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them? (4)含有情态动词的被动语态:主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by) 四、被动语态的用法: 1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen. 2、淡化动作的执行者(没有说明、没必要指出、不知道) Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight. Step 3 Consolidation:巩固 五、主动与被动的转换:时态不变 A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语 B.谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语(介词by之后),主格→宾格 Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him. 1、S+V+O

英语语法被动语态

the Passive Voice 被动语态

1. 语态的概念 语态(voice)是动词的一种形式,用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态。 主动语态(the Active Voice):表示主语是谓语动作的执行者。 被动语态(the Passive Voice):表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

1. 语态的概念 例如: The people make history. History is made by the people. 人民创造历史.历史是人民创造的.(主动语态) (被动语态)

2. 被动语态的构成 通常由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。 现以动词do为例,将被动语态的时态变化以表格形式加以说明:

时态被动语态构成(be+done) 一般时态一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 一般过去将来时 进行时态现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时 完成时态现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来完成时 am/is/are + done was/were + done will/shall be + done would be + done am/is/are + being done was/were+ being done have/has been + done had been + done will have been + done would have been + done *** ***

3. 被动语态的用法 ①不知道动作的执行者是谁。 例如: The bridge was built in Qing Dynasty. 这座桥建于清朝。

高中英语语法被动语态

被动语态 一、语态的基本概念和种类 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句,谓语动词被动语态的句子叫被动句。一般来说,主动语态侧重于行为者,被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。如:主动句:They built this bridge.他们修的这座桥。 被动句:This bridge was built by them.这桥由他们建造。 二、' 三、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成,助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 英语主动语态的时态共有十六种,而被动语态只有十种。 四、主动语态变被动语态 主动语态转换成被动语态分三步走:第一步是将主动语态中的宾语放在句首,第二步是将主动语态中的谓语变成被动形式,第三步是将主动语态中的主语放在被动句的谓语之后,在前面再加上介词by,引出动作的执行者。简言之,主动语态变被动语态时,主语与宾语交换位置,谓语变为被动形式,执行者前加by。 主动语态:We speak Chinese. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) ( Chinese is spoken by us. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) 主动语态转换成被动语态分三种情况: 第一种句型:主语+谓语+宾语,主语与宾语交换位置。例如: I sent an email last night.昨天夜里我发了一封电子邮件。(主动结构) An email was sent (by me) last night.一封电子邮件昨天夜里(由我)发出了。(被动结构) 第二种句型:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语,将其中任意一个宾语与主语交换位置。例如: … My parents bought me a new computer.我的父母亲给我买了一台新电脑。(主动结构) A new computer was bought for me.有人给我买了一台新电脑。(被动结构) I was bought a new computer.有人给我买了一台新电脑。(被动结构) 第三种句型:主语+谓语+复合宾语,将其中的宾语提到句首,而将宾语补足语仍留在原来的位置。例如:

被动语态翻译题

被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗? 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。

8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗? 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗? 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事.

16.即使问题的确出现了,也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下,这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。 20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。

22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容:复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑,就像人的克隆一样,在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时,其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一,然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已

经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说,人可以分为三种:一种是劳累至死的,一种是忧心至死的,还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说, 得出这种结论是有一定把握的, 然而,必须具备两个条件:能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度;他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。

英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1.More than one worker ______ dismissed. A.have been B.are C.has been D.has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one +单数名词"构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除A和B,“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。 2.________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A.Having explained B.Having been explained C.Though it was explained D.It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子,排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用,所以选D。 3.—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A.were saved B.was saved C.have saved D.has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为:——你有没有听说那起校车事故?——嗯,幸运的是,车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知,事故发生在过去,且all 为主语,和save逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案A符合语境。 4.The new library ________; it will be open next year. A.had been built B.was built C.was being built D.is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

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