2011年职称英语卫生类阅读理解及完形填空新增文章

2011年职称英语卫生类阅读理解及完形填空新增文章
2011年职称英语卫生类阅读理解及完形填空新增文章

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2011 年职称英语卫生类阅读理解 新增文章篇目

第三篇 Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor *第十八篇 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics

*第二十四篇 Preventing Child Maltreatment

+第三十四篇 Be Alert to Antimicrobial Resistance

注: 1、+表示 A 级文章;*表示 B 即文章;其他为 C 级文章; 2、完形填空请参见第 15 页; 3、2011 年词汇部分与 2010 年教材相比未作任何变化。

厨房油烟可致癌 专家们经过 5 年的研究调研后指出,城市人群中,男性患肺癌的首要原因是吸烟,而女 性患此绝症的罪魁祸首是厨房油烟。 医生们昨天宣布这一结果, 并对肺癌患病的一些新趋势做出分析。 他们认为病人越来越 年轻化,尤其是女性。 据上海肿瘤研究所统计显示, 本市死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌成为继 乳腺癌之后的第二大高发病率肿瘤。 上海民生中医肿瘤诊疗中心何裕民医生指出: “不健康的生活习惯是致癌的一个重要原 因。” 他对 2,276 名肺癌患者进行了长达 5 年的追踪调研。这些患者中有 l,483 名是男性。 报告显示,案例中男性患者中 70%是由吸烟诱发癌症的,而只有 18%的女性患者是由 于吸烟或被迫吸人二手烟才诱发癌症的。 然而,60%以上患肺癌的女性都长期接触厨房油烟并主诉眼睛和喉咙疼痛难受。 大约 32%的女性在滚开的油里煎炸食物而厨房却密不透风。而大约 25%的女性居住的 卧室紧邻厨房。 但是, 妇女们知道厨房油烟可以致癌时都很惊讶。 其中一些人表示要改变准备饮食的方 式。 “我每天都得下厨做饭,除非我和家人都不在家用餐”,李旭,一名 45 岁的妇女说, “我知道油烟对皮肤不好,但是还是第一次听说油烟竟能致癌。我以后要少煎炸食物。 ” 医生们认为,女性患肺癌和个人健康及身体状况联系极少,但和肿瘤家族病史、不健康 的饮食习惯和脆弱的免疫系统联系紧密。 其他专家同意何医生的意见。 “吸烟已经成为诱发男性肺癌最最大的因素, ”上海复旦大学医学院呼吸道疾病研究所 名誉主席谭彬用指出, “二手烟和厨房油烟的确是诱发女性肺癌的主要原因。” 他的研究同时也警告人们不要站在卖油炸食品的摊点旁,因为他们使用的油都是劣质

的。 专家称,如果长时间接受油烟,患肺癌的几率有常人的 3 倍那么高。 练习: 练习:

1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers? A B C D Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women. Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men. Patients with lung cancer become older, especially males. Patients with lung cancer become younger, especially females.

2.Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai? A Heart disease. C B Breast cancer. Infectious diseases.D Lung cancer.

3.What symptoms may be' complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term, close contact with cooking oil fumes? A Irritated eyes and throat. C B Severe pain in both lungs. Continuous cough and headache.D Difficulty in breathin9.

4.What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer? A Happy. C Angry. B D Surprised. Careless

5.Which of the following has relatively little connection with women's lung cancer? A B C Family cancer history. Unhealthy dietary habits. Weak immune systems.

D Personal health and physical condition.

第十八篇 老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗

哥本哈根的《贝林时报》周一刊登了一则最新医疗研究结果称,大多数Ⅱ型老年糖尿病 患者只要每周坚持三次轻:陕的体育锻炼,每次 30 分钟,都可以不用注射胰岛素。 报道称,哥本哈根市中心医院 Rigshospitalet 肌肉研究中心对糖尿病人进行测试,结 果显示体育锻炼能将身体利用胰岛素的能力提高 30%。 据说,这一结果和大多数老年糖尿病患者每天接受胰岛素治疗的疗效相同。 研究人员挑选了一组非糖尿病患者,一组Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,都是 60 岁以上的男性。这 些被试者每周骑自行车锻炼六次,并持续了三个月。三个月后,医生测量出被试者肌肉能够 利用的血糖总量,以此作为测量他们的胰岛素工作状况如何的标志。 肌肉研究中心副教授弗莱明?德拉医生称, 实验结果显示, 进行体育锻炼的糖尿病患者 胰岛素利用率和那些没有锻炼的健康人胰岛素利用率一样高。 “这就意味着, 两组被试者的胰岛素都是正常工作的。 体育锻炼不能治好患者的糖尿病,

但是能最大限度地消除患者症状。另外,即使患者不得不接受胰岛素治疗,体育锻炼也能尽 量推迟这一临界点, 甚至有可能完全避免实施胰岛素治疗。 ”德拉医生的话像格言一样被人 们所引用。 胰岛素是胰腺分泌的一种激素,可以控制体内血糖,预防糖尿病。 德拉解释说,糖尿病患者只需锻炼到出汗的程度即可达到理想的效果。同时他还强调, 这种锻炼必须坚持,如果五天没有进行有效锻炼,效果就会消失。 德拉还补充说, 大多数糖尿病患者意识到他们必须控制饮食, 却忽略了体育锻炼的重要 性。 练习: 练习:

1.How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin? A B C D By taking more salt than usual. By taking less salt than usual. By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week. By going climbin9,swimming or boxing every day.

2.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by A B C D 70 per cent. 30 per cent. 60 per cent. only a few per cent. 3. The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included. A B C D elderly non-diabetic men. elderly type II diabetic men. both sexes of all ages. both A and B.

4. To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect? A To the degree where they begin to sweat. B To the degree where they feel exhausted. C To the point when they feel thirsty. D To the point when they have to take insulin. 5.According to Dela,among most diabetics the importance of exercise is of watching their diet. A as poorly understood as B as well understood as C less understood than D better understood than the importance

第二十四篇 遏制虐待儿童现象

虐待儿童是一个全球问题, 它会严重影响儿童的一生。 由于缺乏很多国家虐待儿童的数

据,尤其是中低收入国家的数据,目前对于儿童虐待在全球蔓延的程度,我们还未能获得可 靠的数据。 虐待儿童的研究很复杂,很困难。当前,各个国家大概的相关数据差别很大,而且使用 的研究方法不同也会得出不同的估值。但是,国际研究显示,大约有 20%的女性和 5%一 l0%的男性称自己在童年遭到性虐待,而所有儿童的 25%一 50%都称自己曾受肉体上的虐 待。除此之外,很多儿童受到情感虐待(有时又成为心理虐待)o 每年,有大约 31,000 名 15 岁以下儿童遭到谋杀,但是由于很大一部分由儿童虐待造 成的死亡被错误地归因于坠楼、 烧死或溺死, 所以这一数据不能反映出这一问题真正的严重 程度。 虐待儿童会给儿童和其家人带来持久的伤痛。 虐待会造成压力, 而压力会干扰儿童早期 的大脑发育。高度压力会损伤神经和免疫系统的发育。之后,儿童长大成人,但是他们在行 为、生理以及心理方面出现疾病的危险性大大增加。通过行为和心理上对健康的影响,虐待 又会导致心脏病、癌症、自杀以及性传播疾病等。 儿童虐待除了会造成健康问题,还会造成经济损失,包括住院费用、心理治疗费用、儿 童福利和长期的医疗费用。 人们已经明确了造成儿童被虐待的大量风险因素。 并不是所有的社会文化背景都包含这 些风险因素,但是至

少提供了一个风险因素概况,可以帮助理解儿童被虐待的成因。 有一点很重要,需要强调:儿童是受害者,而且绝不应该怪他们。不过,有几大特征会 增加儿童。受虐待的可能性,这些特点包括:4 岁以下或者处于青春期、不受欢迎、不能满 足父母的期望、有特殊需求、不停哭闹或是身体有异常。 练习: 练习: 1. The difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is due to the following factors EXCEPT according to the passage. A child maltreatment is a global problem B there is no exact data about low-and mid-income countries C there is a shortage of the professional data collectors D different scientists use different research methods 2.Which of the following statements is ture according to the passage? A 20% of women got sexually abused in their childhood. B 25—50%of all children were reported to have been physically abused。 C 25_50%of children were psychologically abused. D 60—75%of children were neglected by their parents. 3.Many homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT according to the passage. A drowning in swimming B diarrhea C bums D falls 4 . Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused by child maltreatment? A The child will behave badly in his memory of his childhood when he grows up.

B Child maltreatment hurts his nervous and immune systems. C Child maltreatment damages his early brain development. D The child is easily affected by many diseases in his adulthood. 5.The maltreated children often bear all the following characteristics EXCEPT to the passage. A they frequently and easily cry B they are in infant’s or in adolescent period C they are often neglected by their parents or friends D they often try their best to meet the requirements from their parents 第三十四篇 警惕抗菌药物的耐药性 微生物引发感染后需要药物治疗, 但是这些微生物渐渐对特效药产生了抗药性。 细菌的 抗药性。逐渐成为全球关注的公众卫生事件。一些细菌通过改变自身机理,对许多用于治疗 感染的抗生素药 物产生了抗药性(这就是所谓的“多重耐药菌”),从而使治疗变得很棘 手,因为在治疗过程人们只有很少的选择,甚至已经没有选择。这些问题成为一个日趋严重 的全球性公众健康问题。 世界卫生组 织建议各国应准备实施医院感染控制措施, 以限制多 重耐药菌的种类,并加强全国性政策谨慎使用。抗生素以减少耐药菌的产生。 2010 年 8 月 11 日刊登在《柳叶刀一传染病》期刊上的一篇文章中提到一种基因,这种 基因可以 使多种类型的细菌对几乎所有的抗生素产生极强的耐药性,引起了世人对 AMR(即“耐药性”),尤其是对多重耐药菌感染的关注。 多重耐药菌不是新生细菌,并且还会不断出现,这就需要对其实施监控和深入研究,以 便了解多 重耐药菌传播的范围和方式,从而采取有效手段进行防控。 这就要求人们提高对细菌耐药性的警惕,并且消费者、医院管理人员、病人、政府、药 品生产企业以及国际机构都要采取适当的行动。 世界卫生组织强烈呼吁各国政府在以下领域采取集中控制和防御措施:AMR 监管,抗生 素合理使用, 对公众及医务人员正确使用抗生素的教育, 立法限制非处方购买抗生素以及对 感染的预防和控制措施,包括洗手这种方法,尤其是在医疗界。 对多重耐药菌的成功防控已经在许多国家得到了证实, 只要能够系统地运用, 现有的预 防和控制手段可以有效地减少多重耐药菌的传播。 世界卫生组织将一如既往地支持各国实施相关措施, 并协调所有国际努力, 与细菌耐药 性进行斗争。耐药性将成为 2011 年世界健康日的主题。 练习: 练习: 1.Why is the use of antibiotics arousing globally increasing interest? A The misuse of the antibiotics has caused stronger bacteria resistance and no new drugs against the bacteria are available at present. B The micro-organisms develop much faster than the past, so the researchers are more interested. C The antibiotics for multi—drug resistant bacteria are highly priced and there will be a big market for the drug industry. D The antibiotics has been found more powerful for the treatment of the multi-drug resistant bacteria.

2.Which of the following is true of the article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases? A The issue of AMR led the scientists to be alert to the new human gene. B A new drug will be soon available for any multi-drug resistant bacteria. C A new strain has been found to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics. D AMR aroused the awareness of the scientists to the infections caused by theantibiotics. 3.Ⅵmo of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage to take cautious and proper action about the AMR? A Those who use antibiotics. B Those who sell antibiotics. C Those who produce antibiotics. D Those who study in universities. 4.All the following recommendations to the governments from WH0 is true EXCEPT A education to the users of antibiotics. B control on use of antibiotics in health facilities. C introduction of new regulations on the sale of antibiotics. D limit on the hospitals to store more antibiotic drugs than they can use. 5.What can you infer from the passage? A WHO can only recommend the governments to control and prevent the transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms. B Even with the new strains against the existing antibiotics,the transmission of multi—drug resistant organisms is still under control. C Without the support from WH0,no country can be safe in the war against the transmission of multi.drug resistant organisms. D WHO will spare no effort in antimicrobial resistance in 2010 and will set a special day for it in 2011.

卫生类完形填空新增文章篇目

第二篇 Influenza *第七篇 Exercise 第七篇 *第八篇 Food Safety and Foodborne Illness 第八篇 +第十二篇 Pandemic H1N11 2009 第十二篇

第二篇 流行性感冒

流行性感冒在人类历史中出现的时间很长了。根据一些希腊作家关于医学历史的记载, 公元前 412 年流行性感冒曾大爆发。 这让人联想到公元前 395 年流感席卷了正在攻打意大利 叙拉古的希腊军队。流行性感冒在群聚人群中传播最快,因此极易在军队中传播。 19 世纪全球爆发了 5 次大规模的流行性感冒。这 5 次大爆发中的最后一次发生在 1889 年,它标志着现代流感的开始。像最近一次大爆发一样,它起源于亚洲。 在那次大爆发之前 40 多年的时间里,流感疫情本来在不断地减少,人们认为这种疫情 正在消失。然而,1889--1890 年的流感大爆发又引起了新一轮的疫情爆发,在此后四分之 一世纪的时间内,流感的威胁仍然经常不断。 1919 年,美国驻法国军队爆发流感并很快席卷了整个军队,但死亡相对要少。然而,4 个月之后又爆发了第二次流感, 这一次可是一个真正的杀手。 这次疫情不但夺去了年老病弱 者的生命,连健康的年轻人也未能幸免。全球每个国家都遭到疫情袭击,只有处于南大西洋 和太平洋的几个岛屿幸免于难。这次疫情使各个国家的正常生活被迫中断,食品供应停止, 失业严重。在结束之前,这次大爆发已经造成了最少 l,500 万人死亡。显而易见,流感是 一种可怕的传染病,我们应该给予足够的重视。 Influenza Influenza has been with us a long time.According to _some Greek writers on medical history, outbreak of 412 B.C. of influenza. same has been suggested the was The l of the sickness that swept through the Greek army attacking Syracuse in 395 B. Flu C. is a disease that moves most quickly among people living in crowded conditions, hence,it is likely to attack armies. During the nineteenth century there were five widespread outbreaks of influenza.The last of the five_ happened _ in l889 and marked the beginning of the story of influenza in our time.Like the it started in Asia. For more than forty years before that outbreak,influenza had steadily_decreased 2 _ and was believed to be dying out. A new group of outbreaks was introduced by the great outbreak of l889-1890 and for the next quarter of a century flu reamained _ a constant threat. 3 In April 1918 flu broke out among American troops stationed in France. It quickly spread through all t

he armies but caused relatively few deaths.Four months later,_ however ,a second outbreak started which proved to be a killer. It killed not only the old and already sick but also__ healthy young adults.It went 4 through every country in the world,only a few distant islands in the South Atlantic and the Pacific remaining_untouched.It brought the life of whole countries to stop _,food supplies stopped and work loss was very great.Before the great outbreak ended,it_ had killed at least l5 million people.Thereafter there have been several great outbreaks throughout the world.It is thus_ clear that influenza is a terrible infection that we have to pay more attention to. 第七篇 体育运动

不论体育运动是否能延长人的寿命, 人们普遍认为, 适量而有规律的体育运动可以增强 体质,并使人愉悦。另外,体育运动集玩乐和消遣于一体,可以使人放松紧张情绪,缓解精 神疲劳。因此,做运动一举两得:既能放松,又有益于身心健康。 一个人适合做什么样的体育运动,运动强度如何?这些问题值得人们注意。发育中的儿 童和一般的青年男女都会因紧张剧烈的运动而激动不已。 即使累得筋疲力尽, 他们也能在一 段休息之后很快恢复体力。但是中年及中年以上的人就做不到。对这些人来说,运动适度是 很重要的。不同年龄的人从事多少运动是一个难以回答的问题。个人的差异太大,无法一概 而论。 某种网球运动可能对于某个 40 岁的人来说是安全的, 但对于另一个人来说却不合适。 运动的安全范围取决于人的心脏状况、肌肉状况、运动类型以及进行运动的规律性。但是下 面两个一般性建议适合所有人。 一个建议是应该定期进行细致的体检, 查看心脏情况和总体 体质。另一个建议是运动强度要适度,不应使人筋疲力尽。 一个人选择哪种类型的运动取决于他的体质。 年轻人可以放心地参加有力度的竞技性运 动, 但大多数老年人最好还是把自己的活动限制在不太剧烈的程度之内 j 散步、 游泳和滑冰 是人们喜欢的运动并且各个年龄段的人都可以参加。 任何人想从体育运动中获得最大的乐趣 和益处,那么有规律就很重要了。 Exercise Whether or not exercise adds __l__ the length of life,it is common experience that a certain__2__of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise__3__involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial. How much and what kind of exercise one should __4__ merits careful consideration.The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill 1 with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the__5__of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest.But not so with__6__ of middle age and beyond. them moderation is__7__ vital importance. Just how much exercise a person For of a given age can safely take is a question __8__to answer. Individual variability is__ 9__ great to permit of generalization.A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another.The safe limit for exercise __lO__ on the condition of the heart,the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise ,and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions,however,will __ll__ as sound advice for anyone.The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be__12__ periodically by careful, .thorough physical examinations.The__13__ is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion. What type of exercise one should __14__ depends upon one’s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, most older but 2 persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming,skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate __15__ throughout life.Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment 3 and benefit out of exercise. 练习: 练习: 1.A for B to C at D of 2.A heaviness B highness C amount D number B where C when D why 3.A which

4.A carry 5.A point 6.A these 7.A against 8.A easy 9.A very 10.A depends 11.A refer 12.A delayed 13.A other 14.A endure 15.A with 第八篇

B make B place B this B below B hard B too B bases B regard B defended B another B choose B from

C C C C C C C C C C C C

bring left those on impossible constantly acts serve designed one rebuild in

D D D D D D D D D D D D

take reverse that of unnecessary considerably carries treat determined same produce on

食品安全与食源性疾病

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water.9 , diarrhoea is a major cause of malnutrition in infants and young 2 children. In industrialized countries, the percentage of me population suffering from foodborne diseases each year has been reported to be l01030%.In the United States of America(USA),for example,around 76 million cases of foodborne diseases, 11325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths,are estimated to occur each year. While less well documented,developing countries bear the brunt of the problem due to the presence of a widel2of foodborne diseases,including those caused 3 by parasites. The highl3of diarrhoeal diseases in many developing countries suggests major underlying food safety problems. In partnershipl4 other、stakeholders,WHO is developing policies that will further promote the safety of food.These policies cover the entire food chain from 4 production to consumption and willl5 different types of expertise. 练习: 1.A to B against C with D towards 2.A raising B arising C rising D rosen 3.A declared B defined C derived D demanded 4.A with B within C at D in 5.A or B with C of D and 6.

A incident B incidence C accident D instance 7.A lonely B alone C alonely D lone 8.A size B position C proportion D amount 9.A Nevertheless B However C Whatever D Additionally 10.A up to B down to C up towards D down towards 11.A resulting from B resulting in C resulted from D resulted in 12.A range B distance C order D arrangement 13.A prevailing B spreading C prevalent D prevalence 14.A of B for C from D with 15.A make use of B take use of C make use D take use 答案与题解: 答案与题解: 1.A in response to 是一介词短语,为固定搭配,表示“对……做出反应",因此答案为 A。 2. 此空所在句子表示: C 上述这些努力主要是对越来越多的食品安全问题以及消费者越来 越多的担忧作出的反应。A 项是及物动词,表示“提高……”,此处不合适,B 项不用来做 定语,D 项是过去分词形式,此处也不合适,因此答案为 C。 3.B be defined as 为一固定搭配,表示“……被定义为……”,其他是那个选项都不 合题意,因此答案为 B 。 4.C at risk of 为一固定介词短语,表示“有……危险的”。另外三个介词选项都不能 与 risk 相搭配,因此答案为 C。 5.D both developed and developing countries 表示“发达国家和发展中国家都……”, 与 both 能搭配的应该是 and,因此答案为 D。 6.B incident 是“事件”,incidence 是“发生率”,accident 是“意外事件,事故", instance 是“实例,例证”。此处的意思是食源性疾病在全球的发生率,因此答案为 B。

7.B lonely 是形容词,表示“孤单的",lone 也是形容词,表示“孤寂的,单独的”, alone 作形容词时,表示“单独的,独自的",其内涵与 lonely 相近,但也有副词的意思, 表示“仅仅,只是”,只有该意符合本句要求,C 项不存在,因此答案为 B。 . 8. proportion 表示“比例”, C size 表示“大小", position 表示“位置, 地点”, amount 表示“数量",修饰不可数名词。 9.D 根据上下文,此处具体举出一个例子,与前文应为递进关系,因此答案为 D。 10.A l0 up to 30%表示从 l0%到 30%,从低到高的数量关系,B 项 down to 则表示 从高到低,不符合题意。 11.B result from 表示“起因于”,没有被动形式,result in 表示“造成”,也没有 被动形式,因此答案为 B。 12.A a wide range of foodborne diseases 表示各种各样的食源性疾病。 13.D prevailing 形容词,表示“盛行的”,prevalent 也是形容词,表示“流行的”, spreading 为 spread 的分词形式, 表示“伸展, 扩张, 延伸"等, prevalence 名词, 表示“发 病,流行”。此处需填入一个名词,因此选 D。 14.D 参见注释。 15.A 参见注释。

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1 Pandemic H1N1 2009 The most active areas of pandemic influenza transmission currently are in central and eastern European countries.A high intensity of respiratory diseases activity1concurrent circulation of pandemic influenza still2 parts of southern and eastern Europe,3in Greece,Poland,and Ukraine. In Western Europe,influenza4remains active and widespread,but overall disease activity has peaked.All influenza viruses in West

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limited available data indicate that active , high intensity transmission is occurring in Northern African countries8 the Mediterranean coast. In Central Asia.1imited data9that influenza virus circulation remains active , but transmission may have recently peaked in some places.In West Asia, Israel, Iran, Iraq also appear l0 their peak period of transmission within and the past month,though ll areas continue to have some active transmission and levels of respiratory disease activity have not yet returned to baseline levels.In East Asia,influenza transmission remains active but appears to be 2 120verall. 13increases in ILI were reported in Mongolia after weeks of declining activity following a large peak of activity over one month ago. In North America,influenza transmission14widespread but has declined quickly in all countries.In the tropical regions of Central and South America and the Caribbean,influenza transmission remains geographically widespread but overall disease activity has been declining or remains unchanged in most parts, 15focal increases in respiratory disease activity in a few countries. 练习: 1.A of B with C for D in 2.A remains of B keeps C exists D develops 3.A particularly B usually C exactly D completely 4.A transport B transmission C development D occurrence 5.A amounts B counts C calculations D numbers 6.A to find B finding C finds D found 7.A However B Nevertheless C But D In addition 8.A along B on C at D around 9.A advise B propose C suggest D recommend 10.A to pass B passing C to have passed D passed 11.A both B all C none D neither 12 A declining B reducing C below D under 13.A Little B Big C Slight D Great 14.A reduces B remains C increases D prevents 15.A apart from B beside C besides D except for 答案与题解: 答案与题解: 1.B with 表示伴随,突出主语中心词 intensity,“强度"。 2.C 虽然四个选项的时态以及单数第三人称变化都满足主语的要求,但从语义上讲,C 最合 适,表示“仍然存在",A 项中虽然 remains 也可以表达同样的意思,但其后边的介词搭配 有误,故答案为 C。 3.A particularly“尤其是,特别是” ,用来指“同类中特别突出的一个” ,usually“通常 是” ,exactly,“准确地,确切地” 。根据上下文此处应该是特别指出南欧及东欧的几个具 体国家,因此 A 为答案。 4.B 本文第一句话就点出了 influenza transmission,这说明这两个词是一个词串,根据 该文的上下文以及 transmission 的多次出现,B 项为最佳选择。 5.D 虽然 amounts 和 numbers 都表示数量,但与 amounts 搭配的词通常是不可数名词,与 可数名词搭配的应是 number(S),文中的搭配词是 viruses,所以答案为 D。另外,count

作名词指的是 an act of counting,“计算”,calculation 也是指 an act of calculating, 即“计算的动作或行为”。 6.D 此处的选项应是作 viruses 的定语,find 和 viruses 之间的关系是被动关系,因此应 选择过去分词。 7.D 此处前后句是递进关系。A,B 以及 C 都是表示转折,D 项表示递进。 8.A along the Mediterranean coast 是指地中海沿岸地区。 9.C 此处 suggest 是“说明”的意思,另外三个选项均只有“建议”的意思。 10.C appear 表示“似乎”,后边动词应跟不定式形式,因此处表示“似乎流感高峰已经 过去”,因此要用不定式的完成式。 11.A 此处指的是 Central Asia 和 West Asia 两个地区,因此用 both。 12.A appear to be declining,表示似乎在下降,reduce 是及物动词,后边需要有宾语, 另外 below 和 under 都是介词,不适合此处的要求。 13.C 根据上下文,此处应该是指小幅增加,而不是大量增加,而 little 只能修饰不可数 名词,所以答案就是 C 了。 . 14.B 从上下文的意思和搭配来讲,选项 B 为正确答案。该处所在句子表示:在北美,虽然 流感传播仍然很广泛,但下降速度快。 15.D except for 表示

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