五种句型、七大语法、八大时态

五种句型、七大语法、八大时态
五种句型、七大语法、八大时态

1)五种句型

1.基本句型一: S V (主+谓)

2.基本句型二: S V P (主+谓+表)

3.基本句型三: S V O (主+谓+宾)

4.基本句型四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

5.基本句型五; S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)

2)八大时态

一、一般现在时:

1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)

4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

6.例句:. It seldom snows here.

He is always ready to help others.

Action speaks louder than words.

二、一般过去时:

1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词

4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.

I didn't know you were so busy.

三、现在进行时:

1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

6.例句: How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.

四、过去进行时:

1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构:was/were+doing

4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

五、现在完成时:

1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

3.基本结构:have/has + done

4.否定形式:have/has + not +d one.

5.一般疑问句:have或has。

6.例句:I've written an article.

It has been raining these days.

六、过去完成时:

1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

3.基本结构:had + done.

4.否定形式:had + not + done.

5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。

6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books

七、一般将来时:

1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.

4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.

八、过去将来时:

1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following

month(week…),etc.

3.基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.

4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。

6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next d

3)七大语法

1 、词类

冠词:关注冠词表示特指、泛指、类指的用法 .

形容词和副词:形容词的排序也不容忽视。

动词词组:几乎每年必考 ,今年依旧需要关注。

2、动词的时态和语态:

阅读时时注意上下文的情景。大纲要求的八种常用时态都有可能成为考查对象,再此基础上重点关注:进行时、完成时和完成进行时。同时注意如Hardly…when…等经常考查的表示时间的固定句式。

语态,是英语语法的基础,在语法学中,语态是描述句子中动词和参与此动作之主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态;如果主语为动作之承受者,称为被动语态。而在现代英语中,随着感情化的加深,语态在其中的作用越来越大,所以要学好英语,必须学好语态并不是空话。

3、非谓语动词

非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分。

在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(the

Non-Finite Verbs)。非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。

(1)牢记哪些动词后的宾语只能是不定式、动名词,哪些二者兼可

(2)分词和不定式做宾补的区别

(3)分词作状语。

4、情态动词与虚拟语气

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。

情态动词有四类:

①只做情态动词: must, can(could),may (might)……

②可做情态动词又可做实义动词: need, dare

③具有情态动词特征:have(had,has) to,used to

④情态动词表猜测:一肯一否三不定

(must一肯,must not一否,can,could,would三不定。)

注:must代表强烈禁止。虚拟语气是难点但不是重点,重点注意其在非真

实条件句和名词性从句的使用。

5、定语从句和名词性从句

名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

定语从句:定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

近五年必考。注意点:关系代词和关系副词的区别, as和 which的区别,限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别、定语从句和同位语从句的区别。注意名词性从句引导词的选择和语序。

6、状语从句

状语从句(Adverbial Clause)状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

重点关注 in case, unless等连词引导的条件状语从句。注意: while, when, until, not…until, before, since引导的时间状语从句。同时关注:目的和结果状语从句。

7、特殊句式

特殊句式注意倒装句、强调句、反意疑问句、祈使句和省略句。

(完整版)初中英语语法八大时态总结,推荐文档

初中英语语法八大时态 一.一般现在时 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有:always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作。 例如:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二.一般过去时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构否定句一般疑问句

五种句型、七大语法、八大时态

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初中过去完成时练习题及答案初中过去完成时知识训练

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8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we ______________ (make) a bad mistake. 9. Whenthe chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he ____________ (leave)the hall. 10. ________________ The Reads __ (have) lunch when I _______________ (get) to their house. 11. ____________________ W hen I (arrive) at the station, he ___________________ (leave). 12. ____________________ W e (learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13. I waited until he ______________ (finish) his homework. 14. We were surprised at what she ______ already _____ (do) 15.She __________ (not go) to Qingdao because she _______________ (be) there before. 16. He ____________ (not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he ____________ already ________ (give) the book to the teacher. 18. I ____________ (be) to Shanghai before. 19. ___________________________ She told me she (be) to Sanya three times. 20.She ___________ (play) the guitar while her sister ______________ (sing).

初中英语语法八大时态总结

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初中语法 八大时态 现在完成时

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例:The earth moves the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 ④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表) 例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。 ⑤主将从现:在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。 例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。 2

④现在进行时与频度副词连用,表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。 例: He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。(褒义) 3

④过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。 例:When he lived in country,he was always helping the poor. 住在乡下时,他总是帮助穷人。 4. 一般将来时 ①基本结构是will do。 例:We will send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift. 4

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八大时态练习题

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