2016年上海市建平中学、交大附中高三上英语第一次月考

建平中学$交大附中2016学年十月联合月考卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A (10%)

Directions: After reading the sentences or passages below, fill in the blanks to make the sentences or passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each other.

The world’s (1)__________(famous)heart surgeon,the Egyptian Professor,Sir Magdi Yacoub,has transplanted more hearts than anyone else.To the countless people whose lives he has transformed and saved,he is a hero.Professor Yacoub (2)_____________(inspire) in his work by his father,who was a general surgeon.

Now 66 years old,professor Yacoub still retains his energy and extraordinary enthusiasm for his career.For 43 years,he has dealt with desperate patients(3)__________combination pf poor diet,inactive lifestyle and stress overload have caused them to ask for his help.(4)_________ ___________all these experiences,he is very aware of the role of good nutrition and regular exercise in maintaining good health.He eats very well and swims early each morning.

Professor Yacoub’s life is always hectic(狂热的).(5)____________a donor heart has suddenly been found,then an operation has to take place quickly.He works long hours;he says there are no regular hours for a heart surgeon,as the surgery _________take place when it needs to be carried out.

For relaxation, professor Yacoub enjoys (7)___________(garden) even grows orchids,One dream of his is to go to the Amazon one day(8)________(see) the rare plants there.He is patron of the Chain of Hope charity,which aims to take medical expense to the developing world.Specialist teams give their time free and travel all over the world to places such as Mozambique and Jamaica to train local surgeons in techniques that (9)________ (save) lives .This charity also brings needy children to the West (10)___________necessary heart surgery.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

(A)

Valuable By-Products of Space Research

Research that went into developing the highly specialized technology for space travel has resulted in many unexpected 21 applications back on earth. Out of the engineering that produced rocket motor, space suits, and other necessities of space flight came by products that no one had anticipated. Equipment and 22 designed for use in medicine, industry, and the home, these valuable by products of space research, called spin offs, have improved the quality of life on earth in many ways.

Some of the best-known examples of spin-offs from space research are found in hospitals and doctors' offices. One such example is the sight switch, which was originally developed to allow astronauts to control their spacecraft without using their hands. It is now used by 23 people to operate devices using eye movements.

Doctors have also benefited from the technology required to make electronic instruments small enough and durable enough for trips into space. From this technology have come hearing aids the size of an aspirin and television cameras small enough to be 24 to a surgeon's head to give medical students a close-up view of an operation.

Biotelemetry, which was developed to 25 the physical signs of astronauts by checking their temperature, brain-wave activity, breathing rate, and heartbeat, offers doctors a new means of monitoring hospital patients. Biosensors attached to the body send data by wire or radio. This information is displayed on 26 for doctors to analyze.

One of the most valuable 27 of aerospace technology to industry is a management technique called the systems approach. With the aid of computers, this technique brings together all the elements of a complex project, including people, money, and materials, to assure that everything is completed at the optimum time. It has been applied to a variety of situations 28 to space exploration. Among them are cancer research, hospital design, city planning, crime detection, pollution control, building construction, and transportation.

The experience gained from developing NASA spacesuits was applied to the process of designing clothing for use in other 29 . Firefighters now have lighter and special fire blocking materials that are more 30 to cracking and burning. Spacers used for cushioning in moon boots were adapted for use in athletic shoes that are designed to reduce fatigue and injury.

(B)

If your parents take out a loan, remind them to make the payments on time. Otherwise it will become a(n) 31 record in their personal credit reports, which are playing a(n) 32 big role in people's daily lives. A story carried by Chongqing Morning Post in June, 33 this trend.

According to the report, a Chongqing student borrowed money from the bank to 34 his university studies. After he graduated in 2005, he went to work in Shenzhen. Later, he wanted to buy a house using loans. But several banks turned down his loan 35 . The reason was that he had not paid back 1,500 yuan he borrowed from a bank when he was at university.

A personal credit rating is becoming a(n) 36 “pass” in everyday life, as China establishes a nationwide credit database. Personal credit systems go back 150 years. In developed countries, enterprises and banks use them to decide whether or not to loan money or do other business with a person.

A credit report 37 the credit worthiness of an individual, a company, or even a country. It is a(n)

38 made by credit bureaus of a borrower's overall credit history and his or her ability to repay debt. A poor credit rating means a high risk of defaulting on a loan, and thus leads to the 39 of a loan by the lender.

Today in China, credit history in banks is the major 40 of a credit report. But in the future, reports will include information about the payment of telephone bills, water use fees, electricity and natural gas bills, and taxes, according to officials of the People's Bank of China, the central bank.

The secrets of long life

A long healthy life is no accident. It begins with good genes, but it also depends on good ___41___. So what’s the formula for success? In a recent study, scientists have focused on groups living in several refions where exceptional longevity is the norm: Sardinia, Italy, Loma Linda, California, and the islands of Okinawa, Japan.

Sardinians

Why do they live so long? __42__ is part of the answer. By 11 a.m. Tonino has already milked four cows, chopped wood and walked four miles with his sheep. Now, taking the day’s first break, he gathers his grown children, grandson, around the kitchen table. Giovanna, his wife, unties a handkerchief containing a paper-thin flatbread called carta da musica, pours some red wine, and cut slices of homemade cheese.

These Sardinians also benefit from their __43__ history. According to Paolo Francalacci of the University of Sassari, 80 percent of them are __44__the first Sardinians, who arrived in the area 11,000 years ago. Genetic traits made stronger over generations may favor longevity. __45__, too, is a factor.The Sardinians diet is loaded with fruits and vegetables, milk and milk products, fish and wine. Most of these items are homegrown.

Adventists

The study found that the Ad ventists’ habit of consuming beans, soy milk, tomatoes, and other fruits __46__their risk of developing certain cancers. It also suggested that eating whole wheat bread, drinking five glasses of water a day, and, most __47__, consuming four servings of nuts a week reduced their risk of heart disease. And it found that not eating red meat had been helpful in avoiding both cancer and heart disease.

Okinawans

The first thing you notice about Ushi Okushima is her __48__. It fills the room with pure joy. This rainy afternoon she sits comfortably wrapped in a blue kimono. Her thick hair is combed back from her suntanned face, revealing alert green, eyes. Not long ago, she started wearing perfume. When asked about the perfume, she __49__that she has a new boyfriend.__50__behavior for a young woman, perhaps, but Ushi is 103.

With an average life expectancy of 78 years for men and 86 years for women, Okinawans are among the world’s longest lived people. This is undoubtedly due in part to Okinawans warm and __51__ climate and scenic beauty. Senior citizens living in these islands tend to enjoy years __52__disabilities. Okinawans have very low rates of cancer and heart disease compared to American seniors.

A lean diet of food grown on the island and a philosophy of __53__--- may also be a factor. “eat until your stomach is

80 percent full.” may also be factors. Ironically, this healthy way of eating was born of __54__.Ushi Okushima grew up barefoot and poor, her family grew sweet potatoes, which formed the core of every meal. During World War II, when the men of the island joined the army, Ushi and her friend Setsuko fled to the center of the island with their children. “We __55__ terrible hunger,” Setsuko recalls.

（B）

In today's American society, background checks have become a routine part of hiring process. Employers use them to assess ___56____ workers, judging whether they are qualified for the posts. Through background checks, employers can also make sure that the information applicants provide is ____57___, which suggests the applicants' moral quality.

Then what do background checks investigate? Many ____58___ a review of the employee's

___59____ history trying to confirm whether the employee has ever been fired or forced to resign. Employers also pay attention to the length of unemployment, afraid that long-time absence from

___60____ may bring negative influence to the employee's performance. Sometimes, an applicant's residential history is also an issue. Jobs with state or local governments often require that the employee live in certain areas, ___61____the chances for them to have contact with ill-intentioned people. Besides, living near the work place is always ___62____as it saves time and fares on transportation. Another item which can't be ____63___ is the applicant's criminal history --- whether he has ever been arrested or put into prison. Although __64__ offences like traffic ticketing or queue jumping are usually pardoned, breaking a criminal law is rarely spared and, in most cases, is sure to result in the

____65___ of the employment. Then comes the social history. A background check that involves the applicant's social history is generally needed for government posts or employment in finance and law industries that require greater self-dicipline. A small mistake in these ____66___ may result in huge loss. The investigation usually checks drug use, family relationships and social contacts, in order to avoid ___67____someone unsuitable for the posts. Background investigators who look into social history may interview neighbors and professional references recognized by the applicant.

Finally in the field of education background, an application form may ask for copies of licenses or university diplomas to show the applicant's __68__ performances. In many instances, an education background check is so particular about ____69___ that investigators even confirm the date on which the employee earned his degree to determine if it ___70____ the information the employee provided on his application.

56. A.efficient B.special C.potential D.ordinary

57. A.truthful B.adequate C.meaningful https://www.360docs.net/doc/ce10839758.html,petitive

58. A.explain B.imply C.describe D.include

59. A.health B employment C.study D.finance

60. A.work B.school C.family https://www.360docs.net/doc/ce10839758.html,cation

61. A.standing B.reducing C.promoting D.offering

62. A.difficult B.impossible

C.welcome

D.flexible

63. A.developed B.estimated C.included D.neglected

64. A.reasonable B.normal C.minor D.easy

65. A.ending B.spreading C.continying D.protecting

66. A.degrees B.checks C.contacts D.posts

67. A.omitting B.rejecting C.hiring D.rewarding

68 A.professional B.academic C.social D.athletic

69. A.scores B.interests C.behaviors D.details

70. A.refers to B.agrees with C.keeps up D.brings about

Biology may not be everything, but genes apparently have a far greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought. Similarities ranging from hobbies to bodily gesture are being found in pairs separated at birth. Many of these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior,” says psychologist Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr. , director of the Minnesota Center for Twin and Adoption Research at the University of Minnesota.

Bouchard reports that so far, exhaustive psychological tests and questionnaires have been completed with approximately 50 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 25pairs of fraternal twins reared apart and comparison groups of twins reared together. “We were amazed at the similarity in posture and expressive style,” says Bouchard. “It’s probably the feature of the st udy that’s grabbed us the most.” Twins tend to have similar mannerisms, gestures, speed and tempo in talking, habits and jokes. Many of the twins dressed in similar fashion--one male pair who had never previously met arrived in England sporting identical beards, haircuts, glasses and shirts.

The most striking example of common psychopathology(精神病理学），however, came from a pair of twins

raised apart. One had been reared by his own(poor) family the other had been adopted into a “good solid upper-middle-class f amily.”Both are now considered to be antisocial personalities, suffering from lack of impulse control, and both have criminal histories. Although the twins share, on average, 50 percent ot their genes, Bouchard suggests that the overlap is probably considerably more with this pair.

Personality similarities between the identical twins raised apart are almost the same as they are with identical twins raised together, according to the results of a test developed by University of Minnesota psychologist Auke Tel legen. His personality questionnaire contains scales such as “social closeness,””harm avoidance”and”well-being.”The researchers were especially surprised to find that”traditionalism”--a trait implying conservatism and respect for authority--can be inherited. In fact, says Bouchard, his and other studies have found about 11 personality traits that appear to have significant genetic input.

Overall, the emerging findings of the Minnesota study constitute a powerful disproof of those who maintain that environmental influences are the primary shaping forces of personality. The textbooks are going to have to be rewritten, Bouchard predicts.

80.Why does Bouchard say these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetic s of behavior?”

A. These behaviors seemed too unimportant for scientists to observe.

B. These behaviors seemed too intimate to allow scientists to observe them.

C. Psychologists assumed these external characteristics could not be biologically based.

D. Psychologists assumed the causes of these behaviors were too complicated for current methods of observations.

81.The word “identical”(in para.3) most probably means________.

A. fashionable

B. alike

C. complex

D. identified

82.According to the passage, Auke Tellegen agrees that _______________.

A.some textbooks on genes and behavior will be rewritten quite soon.

B.people’s behaviors and personalities depend at large on their genes

C.his personality questionnaire can indicate people’s 11 personality traits

D.the environmental influences have great effect on people’s personalities

81.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.Twins generally share the same hobbies and gestures if they are raised apart.

B.Genes have a greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought.

C.People from upper-middle-class family are the same as those from poor family.

D.Twins tend to dress in similar fashion even when brought up in different families.

Section C

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only

Sports stars have a natural advantage

Scientists have identified the clear biological advantages that give the world’s sporting champions a head start in life before they have even begun their rigorous training programmes.

The coach for the French Olympic team says:” we measure special attributes between the ages of 16 and 18. But only one in 10,000 people has the physical aspects needed to compete at the very top level in sporting events. _82____ . We take into account the height, strength and endurance of a person. We also regard mental application as important, how an individual reacts when the competition ge ts really tough.”

Scientists say that medical evidence is playing an increasingly important role in the selection of athletes. A study of the 40-year dominance of Kenyan runners in long distance athletic events has revealed that 45 percent of them come from the Nandi tribe. What is remarkable is that this tribe makes up only 3 percent of the Kenyan population.__83_____. Athletic organizations consider these genetic factors a good indicator when selecting sthletes to produce superior running performances.

__84____. For example, David Beckham’s bandy legs have been partly credited with helping to put a spin on the football when he takes a free kick for England. Other biological characteristics are more measurable. The American

tennis player, Andy Roddick, has the fastest serve in the game. He is able to arch his back so much that it increases the rotation of his arm to 130 degrees. This is 44 percent better than the average professional player and this allows them to drive the ball over the net at 240 kilometers per hour. Michael Phelps, the 14-times Olympic swimming champion has over-sized feet which act like flippers to propel him through the water.

__85_____. Mia Hamm, probably the best all-round woman footballer in the world, produces less than one liter of sweat an hour when doing vigorous exercise, which is half the human average. When it comes to speed, take the example of woman racing driver, Liz Halliday. A normal person would take 300 milliseconds to make a reactive decision. She can do it in 260 milliseconds. It may not sound much quicker but at top race speeds, this makes a difference of three car lengths.

The difference between success and failure is very small and all these biological factors are crucial in finding future champions.

Hitting the right button

It has been found that in some countries,achievement in some subjects at school is not always good for boys as it is girls.It is possible that using computers may be a way to solve this problem.

Many boys seem to have a natural liking for computers,but it can often be hard to leave the screen and concentrate on the work the teacher wants them to do.

As computers are becoming more and more important in the world of education today,it is natural to assume that computers can help greatly with boys who do not do too well at school and need to raise their general educational standards.Many boys appear to be more confident than girls in using it.and they need to use computers more frequently ,especially at home.

Researchers at universities now think that it could be a really good way of re-engaging

under-achieving boys in the learning process,and teachers have indicated that it does work.They have found that,although lots of boys do not seem to like writing in the classroom,when they use a computer they are more wiling to compose longer pieces of writing and use different styles.The issue of unintelligible handwriting is no longer a problem,either,as the neatness and presentation standards rise when boys use a computer to print out their work.

Many boys welcome the “hands on” approach of computer,However,researchers and teachers need to be careful that boys don’t just “cut and paste”things that they have found on the internet, but haven’t read,and hand it in as a completed assign ment.Some boys overestimate how good they are and think they can do things without any effort.They need to develop proper research skills and make their written work more structured.Other boys take short cuts,or look at internet sites they haven’t been asked to look at.They may not plan or think carefully about their work,or they may try to finish their work quickly.This tendency is not going to be completely cured by using computers.One way to get boys to concentrate properly on the work they have been asked to do may be to encourage them to use their computers at home.However,they also need to be set tasks that are interesting and relevant to them.

As in all things,the interaction between the pupil,the teacher and the computer is crucial.

Translation:

1.你知道如何给别人留下美好的印象吗？（leave）

2.知道那时我才意识到我也许是最后知道这件事的人。（Not until…）

3.我们决不忘记那些在困难的时候曾经帮助过我们的同学和老师们。（trouble）

4.在西方国家，大学入学比较容易，毕业却好难，这也许是相当多的学生中途辍学的主要原因。（easy）

Keys:1-10 most famous ; was inspired; whose ; Because of ; when;

should ; gardening ; to see ; will save; for

21 E 填形容词，in many unexpected practical applications指“在许多意想不到的实际应用”。

22 G 此处填名词，Equipment and procedures意为“设备和程序”。

23 C 此处填形容词，此句意为“现在它被残疾人用来使用视线操作设备。”。

24 A 填过去分词，be attached to ，意为“装在”。

25 D 填动词原形，monitor the physical signs of astronauts意为“监视宇航员的身体状况”。

26 J 填名词，此句意为“这些信息展示在医生的终端上用以分析”。

47 B 此处填名词，One of the most valuable contributions意为“最有价值的贡献”。

48 K 此处填过去分词，此句意为“它已经被应用到与太空探索有关的各种的情形下。”

29 H 此处填名词，other professions意为“其他职业”。

30 I 此处填形容词，此句意为“消防队员现在有更耐挤压和耐烧的特殊的防火封堵材料。”

31 G 填形容词，a negative record意为“负面评价”。

32 H 此处填副词，此句意为“这在人们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用”。

33 J 此处填动词的三单形式，此句意为“一个故事强调了这一趋势”。

34 F 填动词原形，to finance his university studies意为“为了学业筹措资金”。

35 A 填名词，his loan application意为“他的贷款申请”。

36 C 填形容词，此句意为“个人信用度在每个人的生活中正在成为重要的凭证”。

37 D 此处填动词的三单形式，此君意为“信用报告估计一个人，一个公司甚至一个国家的信用度”。

38 E 此处填名词，此句意为“它是一个评估”

39 I 此处填名词，此句意为“这导致了借款人拒绝贷款”。

40 B 此处填名词，the major content of a credit report意为“信用报告的主要内容”。

56. 根据employers use them to assess…,可知是想寻找潜在的工人

57.根据employers can also make sure that the information applicants provide is，推出是想知道应聘者提供的信息是否真实填truthful.

58.根据句意可知是想了解background checks的内容包括哪些填include.

59.根据后文confirm whether the employee has ever been fired or forced to resign 可知是根据employment history.

60. 根据句意afraid that long-time absence from may bring negative influence to the employee's performance 可知是指长期脱离工作。

61. 根据后文them to have contact with ill-intentioned people肯定是减少与那些居心不良的人的接触，所以填reducing,而不是promoting 提高，改善。

62. 因为后文紧接着提到住得近的好处as it saves time and fares on transportation，所以住得近应该是welcome,受欢迎的。

63. 根据句意Another item which can't be 另外一个不容忽视的方面是….

64. 后文举得例子like traffic ticketing or queue jumping都是些小的违法行为，故填minor

65. 这些细小的行为还是会导致工作的终结result in the ending of the employment.

66. 根据句意may result in huge loss是指工作上的小错误会导致大损失。

67. 是为了避免雇佣到不合适的人来工作，in order to avoid hiring someone unsuitable for the posts,所以才会查看被雇佣者的背景资料。

68.根据copies of licenses or university diplomas 在学校的表现肯定是academic performances.

69. 根据后文investigators even confirm the date on which the employee earned his degree，连拿到证书的日期都要询问，可推出细节detail也很重要。

70. 雇佣者查看所有信息的目的还是希望确认应聘者所述所有内容是否和实际相一致，故填agree with , 而keep up 跟上，bring about 带来不符合题意。

71--78 CBBBECFA

【summary】

This passage concerns the phenomenon whether encouraging boys to using computers more can bridge the gap with girls remains to be seen,despite the fact that this motivation can enhance the inspiration of students to explore the

i nternet,which can’t help them cultivate practical abilities,in terms of the current situation,the crucial role of teachers and computers should be played to the full and relevantly practical measures are supposed to be taken to optimize students’ academic performance.

Translation:

Do you know how to leave a good impression on others?

Not until then did l realize that l maybe the last person who knew that thing.

We never forget our classmates and teachers who did us a favor when we were in trouble.

In western countries,It is easier to be enrolled than graduate from university,which may be the main reason why considerable graduates dropped out.