教师版选8unit1语法021名词性从句

编号：WHYYX8----021

文华高中高二英语选修8

Unit 1 A land of diversity Period 5-6 Grammar 执笔人：冯培审核人：编订时间：2014.4.10

学习目标：1. 能够在语篇中识别各种名词性从句。

2. 能根据语境和题意正确选择连接词引导各种名词性从句。

学习重点：1. 能正确选用连接词引导各种名词性从句

2. 能够用陈述句语序来表述名词性从句。

学习难点：1. 主语从句和同位语从句的识别与判断。

2. whether和if的区别。

学法指南：1. 30分钟自学，完成自学任务中的语法点的归纳总结和理解

2. 课上25-30分钟高效讨论，展示成果及相互检测提问

3. 课上10-15分钟答疑解惑

考点解析：此乃高考高频考点之一，因此在这次语法复习课中同学们要抓基础，熟悉考点，把握重点，加强练习，进而提升对易考点的掌握。

此语法导学案分两部分进行：

名词性从句（一）：名词性从句中的四大类从句及语序问题

名词性从句（二）：名词性从句的其它考点

每一部分均有导学案和跟踪测验，望同学们查漏补缺，Fighting！

名词性从句（一）

【知识链接】

第一步：朗读下列句子，指出各句中划线部分的句子成分，如主语，谓语，宾语，表语或同位语等。（比比看，谁快！）

1. I like country music .

2. Susan is the tallest girl in our class.

3. Tom, our monitor, is always helping other students.

4. We are scared of him very much.

5. Reading in bed is bad for our eyes.

第二步：看一看，比一比。（与上面5个句子的区别）

6. Everyone knows that Susan is the tallest girl in our class.

7. Our question is whether reading in bed is bad for our eyes.

8. The fact that Tom is always helping other students is known to all.

9. He is curious about why we are scared of him very much.

10. What I like best is country music.

问题：划线的部分是名词？短语？还是句子？这5个和前面5个句子相对应的划线部分所作的句子成分一样的吗？有什么区别？

第三步：名词性从句的定义

在复合句中起______________作用的句子叫名词性从句（Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语，宾语，表语，同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为___________从句，___________从句，___________从句和_____________从句。答案：名词；主语；宾语；表语；同位语

【基础篇】（尝试在例句中划出各类名词性从句）

（一）主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句中作主语。（注意主语从句的位置及主句中的谓语动词）

e.g. Who will go is not important.

When the sports meeting will be held hasn’t been decided.

2、从句作主语时，往往很长，为了避免这种头重脚轻的现象，就用it作形式主语，将真正的主语---主语从句放在句末。（思考：在上学期我们已学过it作形式主语的语法内容，现在让我们的大脑飞速的转动起来，想想这样的句型有哪些？Come on!）

e.g. It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.

3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。（重点，易错点）

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

翻译：___________________________________________________。

答案：他上周突然生病了，让我们很吃惊。

（二）宾语从句

1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语，位于_________词或________词之后。引导宾语从句的连词that 一般可省略。

e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.

I’m concerned about whether I will be sent to work in other city.

答案：及物动词；介词

2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。

e.g. I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work..

I’m interested in what you’ve said.

注意事项：whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句中的whether 与____________直接连用，就不能换成if；不_________连用，可换。

e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is true.

I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.

答案：or not ; 直接

②__________后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与_____________连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导__________从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。(注意whether 和if 的词义)

e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.

They don’t know whether to go there.

Please come to my office now if you have time.

答案：介词；不定式；条件

③用if 会引起误解时，就要用whether。

e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）

④宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。

e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain.

（三）表语从句

1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。常接表语从句的系动词有：be, look, seem, sound, remain, 等。

e.g. The question was who could go there.

It seems that he will resign from the company.

The reason why he was absent from the meeting is that he was badly ill that day.

2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去，但通常不能省略。

e.g. My idea is that we can get more volunteers to help in the work.

（四）同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之_后___，补充说明该名词的_具体内容___。

e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.

The fact that he had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

Task 1判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：(尝试翻译，注意句子结构，看划线句子前后的关键词。火眼金睛就是这样炼成的！)

1. Our plan is that we will go there once a week. 表从

2. The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all. 同位语从句

3. It was obvious that he had made a big mistake. 主从

4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. 主从

5. Because we hadn’t got enough money, we had to abandon the project. 原因状语从句

6. The teacher is worried about whether the student has gone home. 宾从

7. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 表从

8. What you are doing makes all the pupils curious. 主从

9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 定从

10. I wonder why she refused my invitation. 宾从

【重点篇】

（虽然在高考中把连接词的选用纳入到考查范围，作为重点，其实也没有我们想像的那么难，不是吗！在下面的练习中，就让我们大展身手吧！相信自己！）

Task 2 用适当的连词填空：（看看谁能在最短的时间内找准连接词。Action!）

1. 我决定不了该买哪本字典。I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.

2. 这就是他拒绝我邀请的原因。T hat’s ____________ he refused my invitation.

3. 我非常感兴趣他是如何在这么短的时间内改善了他的发音的。

I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.

4. 我需要的是更多的时间。____________ we need is more time.

5. 她在会上什么都没说的事实让大家很吃惊。

The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

6. 他们何时何地见面还没决定。

____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.

7. 请告诉我你在等什么。Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.

8. 那就是你在找的东西吗？Is that ____________ you are looking for?

9. 能告诉我最近的邮局在哪儿吗？Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?

10.我不知道他是否会同意这个方案。

I don’t know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.

答案：1which; 2why;3 how; 4what; 5that; 6when, where; 7what; 8what; 9 where; 10whether

1. 连接词的选择

1）连接词that

The fact that Tom is always helping other students is known to all.

That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

It seems that he will resign from the company.

首先，翻译这3个句子，看看that在句中有无具体含义？因此，我们可以总结为，that_________具体含义，在复合句中只起___________作用，不充当任何________________。

（注意啦！！that引导主语从句和同位语从句时不能省略，而同学们在做题的时候很容易忽略掉。）eg. ____________________________________________ is known to us all. （clever）他是一个聪明的孩子，我们大家都知道。

编号：WHYYX8----021

答案：无；连接；句子成分；

That he is a clever child

2）连接词what

1. What we can’t get seems better than what we have.

2. I believe what you said yesterday.

3. China is no long what it used to be 50 years ago.

4. What surprised us most was that it could stand shortly after its birth.

5. Finally he went to what is called America.

仔细品味这5个句子，试着总结what的含义及用法。

what可以翻译为___________________________; __________________________;_________________ _________________________.(能归纳几个就写几个)

答案：(所)……的（东西）；……的样子；令某人……的；被称之为……的；

再看what引导的从句有什么特点？除去what这个引导词，剩下的句子是完整的吗？结合汉语翻译，看看它缺点什么？因此，what除了起连接作用，它还在从句中充当哪些句子成分？___________, ___________, 或__________。

答案：主语；宾语；表语

Task 3 选择题（试一试！我看行！）

1. . so many people disappeared suddenly in that area still remains a mystery.

A. That

B. What

C. Why

D. Where

2. we will go traveling all over the world hasn't been decided.

A. When

B. Where

C. If

D. What

3. It's very clear we should protect our skin from harmful direct exposure to the sun.

A. which

B. 不填

C. what

D. that

4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.

A. because I got

B. because of getting

C. I got

D. that I got

5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

A. while

B. that

C. if

D. for

6. he did has been still a secret to us all till now.

A. That

B. What

C. When

D. Where

7. (2013·杭州模拟)In modern society, some young people spend much money they make.

A. whichever

B. whatever

C. however

D. wherever

8. (2013·福州模拟)—I wonder so many people are crazy about Gangnam Style.

—It's good for bodybuilding, and it brings people a lot of fun, you know.

A. how

B. where

C. why

D. that

9. (2013·重庆模拟)The Browns held they called “family day” once a year.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. when

10. The advantage of using the Internet is you can get support if you have a problem.

A. whether

B. what

C. why

D. that

答案：CCDDB BCCBD

2. 名词性从句的语序问题

名词性从句要用陈述句语序，那么什么样的语序才是陈述句的语序呢？

陈述句：I love you so much.

You are the whole world to me.

I can’t live without you.

陈述句的语序：主谓宾// 主系表// 主谓等这样的结构

1）He is curious about why we are scared of him very much.

2）What you are doing makes all the pupils curious.

3）How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.

4）My idea is that we can get more volunteers to help in the work.

5）When the sports meeting will be held hasn’t been decided.

在上述5个句子中，划线的部分，它的结构首先是连接词，其次是主语，再谓语，等。但在实际操练中，同学们很容易受汉语的影响，语序成了中式英语。

如：The question is ______________________________ the work. (go)

问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作。

Answer: we whether should go on with （×）同学们可能会根据汉语的顺序得到这个错误答案。按照我们上面提到的结构首先应该是连接词whether, 接着主语we,谓语should + 动词短语go on with, 所以答案更改为whether we should go on with。

Task 4选择题

1. Do you have any idea ________

A. when Miss Smith will arrive

B. when will Miss Smith arrive

C. how will Miss Smith arrive

D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrived

2. Can you tell me __________

A. who is that gentleman

B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is

D. whom is that gentleman

3.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.

A. what man will look like

B. what will man look like

C. man will look like what

D. what look will man like

4."Do you know ________ " "His father is a doctor."

A. what is his father

B. who is his father

C. what his father is

D. who his father is

5. She asked ________.

A. what I was doing when she rang me up

B. what was I doing when she rang me up

C. when she rang me up what I was doing

D. when did she ring me up what I was doing

答案：ACACA

Task 5判断题（错误的请更正）

1. 我想知道你叫什么名字。

I want to know what is your name. (×)

答案：what your name is

2. 他的家人担心他是否能康复。

His families worried about he whether could recover. (×)

答案：whether he could recover

3. 警方感到好奇他是如何成功越狱的。

The police wonders how did he manage to escape from the prison. (×)

答案：how he managed to escape from the prison

【教学反思】

编号：WHYYX8----021

文华高中高二英语选修8

Unit 1 A land of diversity Period 5-6 Grammar 节节过关班级：______________ 组名：___________________ 学生姓名：_______________ 1. 用适当的连接词填空

1．My decision is __________ all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.

2．It doesn’t interest me ____________ you succeed or not.

3．__________ he didn’t turn up at the party is not clear to everyone.

4．Could you tell me __________ I can find the history books on the shelf?

5．He wants to tell me ________ he saw the pretty girl five years ago.

6．________ was most important to her，she told me，was her family.

答案：that; whether; why; whether ; that ; what

2. 选择题

1. The question is ____the film is worth seeing.

A. if

B. what

C. whether

D. how

2. They received orders _____ the work be done at once.

A .which B. when C. / D .that

3. The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed.

A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because

4. ________ surprised me most was ________.

A. That…that she spo ke Japanese so well

B. What…how could she speak Japanese so well

C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well

D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well

5. You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A. how they were excited

B. how excited they were

C. how excited were they

D. they were how excited

答案：CDCCB

3. 完成句子

1. __________________________ is still a puzzle.(succeed)

她是怎样成功的仍然是个谜。How she succeeded

2. It depends on ________________________ the work well.(do)

它取决于你能否做好这项工作。 w hether you can do

3. ______________________________________ at the end of this month makes us excited. (hold)

运动会将于本月末举行让我们很激动。That the sports meeting will be held

4.My question is ____________________________ in such short time. (give)

我的问题是他是如何在这么短的时间里戒掉烟的。how he gave up smoking