VOA慢速讲解2010-8-26第462期
VOA慢速讲解附字幕:教育者帮助年轻人"生存和自由"查看原文
第一部分：原文中英对照
This is the VOA Special English Education Report.
More than half of young black men in the United States do not finish high school.Many grow up without fathers and in neighborhood s with gangs,drugs and violence.Sixty percent of those who drop out of school have spent time in jail by the age of thirty-five.
Joe Marshall co-founded the Omega Boys Club in San Francisco,California,
twenty-three years ago.Mr.Marshall tries to give boys--and girls--a safe refuge and a chance at a better future.
Every week,he has two basic messages for his young students:"Stop the violence"and "Don't do drugs."
Mr.Marshall spent twenty-five years as a teacher and administrator in San Francisco.He taught math in middle school and expected to see his best students go to college.
JOE MARSHALL:"I got a lot of horror stories and a lot of my former students ended up dead or in prison for selling drugs,being involved in gangs,girls ended up getting pregnant."
The Omega Boys Club serves more than four hundred young people every year.Two times a week,it offers after-school classes in math, reading,family and life skills,and college preparation.这里是VOA特别英语教育报道。
美国超过一半的年轻黑人男子未高中毕业。许多人在没有父亲，充满犯罪团伙，毒品和暴力的环境下长大。那些辍学的人有60%的人35岁之前曾经坐牢。
二十三年前，Joe Marshall联合创建了欧米茄男孩俱乐部。Marshall希望为男孩女孩们提供一个安全的庇护所，使他们有机会拥有更美好的未来。
每周他都要向这些年轻的学生传达两条最基本的信息“杜绝暴力”和“远离毒品”。
Marshall在旧金山担任了25年的教师和行政管理人员。他在中学教数学，预期，他将看到最好的学生去读大学。
Joe Marshall：“我经历了许多非常恐怖的故事，我以前的许多学生因贩卖毒品，参与团伙犯罪而悲惨死去或锒铛入狱，女孩子则有很多人怀孕。”
欧米茄男孩俱乐部每年接纳400多名年轻的学生。每周两次提供数学，阅读，家庭生活技能和考大学的准备方面的课后培训。
In many ways,it serves as a kind of family.It provides teenagers with structure and support.
Joe Marshall has a doctorate in psychology. He sees gangs and violence as a disease that needs to be dealt with as a public health problem.
JOE MARSHALL:"That's what these young people get.They develop a street mentality. The big part is dealing with the emotional residue of anger,fear and pain that they develop because they got invested in this in the first place.
"Then we tell them to follow some new rules for living that will decrease their chances of ending up dead or in prison and increase their chances dramatically of staying alive and free."
The club represents the headquarters of what he calls the"alive and free movement."But his most effective way to spread his
anti-violence message is through radio.
In nineteen ninety-one,Joe Marshall started "Street Soldiers,"a weekly call-in show.
JOE MARSHALL:"OK,let's talk to line two. Line two.And this is--Is this Marlena?This ain't the Marlena I know."
MARLENA:"Yes Doctor Marshall,this is Marlena!"该俱乐部在很多方面都像一个大家庭，为青少年提供组织和支持。
Joe Marshall拥有心理学博士学位。他认为团伙犯罪和暴力是一种疾病，应该作为公共健康问题来处理。
JOE MARSHALL：“这就是这些年轻人存在的问题。他们形成了一种街头心态。其中一大部分是应对愤怒，担心和痛苦的情绪残余。因为他们最初就处在这样的环境中，所以才形成了这样的情绪。”
“然后，我告诉他们遵守一些新的生活规则，这会降低他们横尸街头或锒铛入狱的风险，极大地增加生存和自由的机会。”
该俱乐部是他所说的“生存和自由运动”的
总部。但是他传达自己的反暴力信息的最有效的方法是通过无线电广播。
1991年，Joe Marshall创办了"Street Soldiers"，一个每周举办的电话交谈节目。
JOE MARSHALL：“好的，让我们跟2号线的听众谈一下。是Marlena吗？这不可能是我认识的Marlena。”
MARLENA：“是的，MARSHALL博士，我是Marlena。”
Marlena was one of the graduates of the Omega Boys Club.
JOE MARSHALL:"She's at Southern University right now,going into her third year. She talked about what she had learned the hard way and how we helped her learn that by coming to Omega,by listening to'Street Soldiers,'and she said she had learned how to love herself."
The club provides guidance and financial assistance to help students stay in school. Over ninety percent of members who were accepted into college have graduated.
Twelve other American cities have copied the program.Joe Marshall has been invited to speak in Canada,Nigeria,South Africa and Thailand.
He turned sixty-three this year.
JOE MARSHALL:"I want to build an institution.I'm not going to be here forever, so my big thing is to make sure this goes on."Marlena是欧米茄男孩俱乐部的一名毕业生。
JOE MARSHALL：“她现在在南方大学，已经读大三。她说，通过来欧米茄，通过收听Street Soldiers节目，她终于了解到我们帮助她学习的艰难。她说现在已经学会了怎样爱自己。”
该俱乐部提供指引和经济资助，帮助学生继续读书。被大学录取的超过90%的俱乐部成员都从大学毕业。
美国其他12个城市模仿了该项目。Joe Marshall受邀前往加拿大，尼日利亚，南非和泰国发表演讲。
Joe Marshall今年已经63岁。
Joe Marshall：“我想成立一个公共机构。我不可能永远都在这里。所以我最大的愿望就是确保这一切能够继续下去。”
第二部分：词汇学习
1.neighborhood n.地区;某地区的人;与某处邻近的地区
例句：They are neighborhood paper.
它们属于同一区域的报纸。
2.refuge n.避难(所,处),庇护
例句：They took refuge in a cave yesterday.
他们昨天是在一个洞里避难的。
3.doctorate n.博士学位
例句：He hasn't enough credits to get his doctorate.
他的学分不够取得博士学位。
表示学位的词语：
degree学位
post doctorate博士后
doctor（Ph.D）博士
master硕士
bachelor学士
graduate student研究生
abroad student留学生
abroad student留学生
undergraduate大学肆业生
government-supported student公费生
commoner自费生
extern走读生
intern实习生
4.mentality n.心态;思想方法；思想状况
例句：He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.
他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
5.residue n.剩余,余渣
例句：Mary scraped the residue of food from the plates before putting them under water.
玛丽在把盘子放入水之前先刮去上面的食物残渣。
6.dramatically adv.戏剧性地;引人注目地;显著的
例句：His tone changed dramatically when he saw the money.
当他看到钱时，说话语调发生了戏剧性的变化。
Our way of life has changed dramatically over the last ten years.
在过去10年里我们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。
7.institution n.慈善机构;社会福利机构
例句：The government built a charitable institution for the education of young children.
政府建立了一个儿童教育慈善机构。
第三部分：内容解析
1.I got a lot of horror stories and a lot of my former students ended up dead or in prison for selling drugs,being involved in gangs,girls ended up getting pregnant.
end up〈非正〉(以…)结束;最终成为〔变得〕
例句：How does the story end up?
这篇故事是怎么结尾的?
The boy's ball ended up on the garage roof.
这男孩的球落到了汽车库顶上。
2.In many ways,it serves as a kind of family.It provides teenagers with structure and support.
provide with给…提供;以…装备
例句：We'll provide you with vocational training.
我们将为你提供职业培训。
offer，provide和supply都有“供给、提供”的意思，但用法不同。
provide指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给、提供”，可用于provide sb.（with sth.）或provide sth.（for sb.）结构。
He persuaded other people to provide money or to give help.
他说服别人提供钱或给予帮助。
The school provided food for the students.学校为学生提供伙食。
They provided us with all the books we need.
他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
supply通常指定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品，常用于supply sb.with sth.或supply sth. to sb.结构。
The cars will be supplied to people all over the country.
这些汽车将供应给全国各地的人们。
Cows supply us with milk.母牛供给我们牛奶。
In Britain milk is supplied to each house in bottles.
在英国牛奶是装在瓶子里送往每家每户的。
offer侧重表示“愿意给予”，常用于offer sb.sth.或offer to do sth.结构，后不能接宾语从句。
She offered me a cup of tea.她给我端了杯茶。
He offered to go instead of me.他主动提出代替我去。
注意：
provide不如supply常用，但前者可跟双宾语，而后者无此用法。有时它们可互换，可说provide/supply sth.to sb.，也可说provide/supply sb.with sth.。
The bank provided/supplied him with a loan$100,000.
银行为他提供了10万美元的贷款。
3.He sees gangs and violence as a disease that needs to be dealt with as a public health problem.
need doing,need to be done都表示某物需要被做。
4.The big part is dealing with the emotional residue of anger,fear and pain that they develop because they got invested in this in the first place.
in the first place首先,从一开始
例句：Why did you choose basketball in the first place?
你为何首先选择篮球呢?
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VOA《走遍美国》慢速英语2011-2-10 American History: Hoover Wins in 1928 The presidential election of nineteen twenty-eight gave American voters a clear political choice. The Democratic Party nominated Al Smith. He was the popular governor of the state of New York. The Republican Party chose Herbert Hoover. He was an engineer and businessman who served as secretary of commerce for presidents Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. This week in our series, Rich Kleinfeldt and Harry Monroe tell us about the presidential election of nineteen twenty-eight. RICH KLEINFELDT: Governor Alfred Smith of New York had campaigned for the Democratic presidential nomination in nineteen twenty-four. But he was defeated at the party convention by a compromise candidate, John Davis. Four years later, however, Smith could not be stopped. He had a strong record as governor of the nation's most heavily-populated state. He campaigned for the presidency on a policy of building new electric power stations under public control. Smith knew that many conservative Americans might be worried by his new ideas and his belief in strong government. So he chose as his campaign manager a Republican industrial leader who had worked with General Motors, DuPont and other major companies. Smith hoped this would prove his faith in the American private business system. HARRY MONROE: Al Smith was a strong political leader and an effective governor. But he frightened many Americans, especially conservative citizens living in rural areas. They lived on farms or in small towns. Al Smith was from the city. And not just from any city, but New York City, a place that seemed big and dirty and filled with foreign people and strange traditions. Al Smith's parents came from Ireland. He grew up in New York and worked as a salesman at the Fulton Fish Market. Smith was an honest man. But many rural Americans simply did not trust people from big cities. Al Smith seemed to them to represent everything that was new, different, and dangerous about American life. But being from New York City was not Al Smith's only problem. He also opposed the new national laws that made it illegal to buy or produce alcoholic drinks. And he had political ties to the New York political machine. But worst of all, in the eyes of many Americans, Al Smith was a Roman Catholic. RICH KLEINFELDT: From George Washington through Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and up to Calvin Coolidge, every American president had been male, white, and a Protestant Christian. Of
VOA慢速英语练听力需坚持
VOA慢速英语练听力需坚持 扫除词汇障碍 领会文章大意 这里需要提醒的是，在听的过程中，我们切忌将注意力全部集中在单词上，一个一个单词地去听，这样听的结果很可能是你把每个单词都听明白了，但是整篇文章到底讲了什么却是一头雾水。所以，在听的时候，我们应该以句子为单位，在大脑中将每个句子的关键信息迅速整合，这样才能了解每一句讲了什么、每一段又讲了什么，从而准确领会文章的大意。 反复精听训练 在进行系统的听力训练时，学习者仅仅理解了听力内容的大概是远远不够的，对于文章的诸多细节，比如一些重要的数据、年代和各种史实等，也要尽量准确无误地听出，这就需要通过反复精听来实现。所以科学系统的精听训练对学习者来说非常重要，通过精听训练，对于文章中的每一个语言点，甚至一些语音、语调、语汇的细微差别，学习者都可以努力捕捉和分辨。 因此，反复聆听，掌握每一个句子，是提升英语听力水平的必由之路！2遍、4遍、6遍……要有不听明白誓不罢休的精神。当然学习过程中还会出现这样的问题：单句可以听懂，但是段落、文章又听不懂了！怎么回事？原来反应太慢！这要求学习者根据自己的反应敏锐度来确定句子与句子的间距。 精听学习中需要提醒的是：在听的过程中，我们切忌对照英文原文来听或者是随意地翻看听力书的英文原文。很多同学都有这样的体会，在看英文原文之前，自己无论如何也听不懂，可是一看原文就什么都明白了，其实这样下来不是你“听”懂了，而是“看”懂了。 记住：阅读永远不可能代替听力，我们练习听力的目的就是要锻炼你对声音的瞬间反应、记忆、理解和思维的能力，而不是锻炼阅读能力。所
以这种取巧的方法万万要不得，你要想真正提高自己的听力水平，就一定要克制住自己翻看原文的欲望。 那么什么时候才是我们翻看听力原文的最佳时机呢？一般来说，我们只有在反复听了五遍、十遍还是听不出来的地方，才是英文原文发挥作用的良机。而这些你始终听不明白的地方，多数可能是因为音的连读、爆破、变音、弱读，或者是你反应不出来的词汇等等。在屡听而不懂的情况下翻看，你会在恍然大悟中将他们牢牢记住。并将他们仔细的琢磨，这样下次再遇上，你就会顺利过关。反之，这些难点将会成为你听力中永远的痛，在某个不经意的时刻将你重重阻碍。 VOA英语学习方法三步走 这次讨论的目的在于发现常见的错误的学习方法，总结出一套行之有效的最佳 VOA Special English 学习方法，欢迎大家积极参与讨论！ 最佳实践一：用 VOA Special English 练听力 网站上提供的 VOA Special English 节目文本是配有MP3声音的，声音文件由美国本土资深专业播音员录制，如果想有效提高自己的英语听力，VOA Special English 节目资料将是非常好的听力练习素材。而最快最有效的提高英语听力的方法就是做听写，怎么听呢？下面分几个层次介绍听写的方法。 （一）初级英语水平学生（相当于高中英语水平）做听写的方法 1、下载一个 5 分钟的 report 到电脑里（包括下载report的MP3录音和文本），准备好一本英汉词典或电子词典 2、认真阅读report文本一至两遍，遇到不懂的单词请立即查词典。 3、将文本放在一边，开始听report的MP3录音，并将听到的写下来，就是做听写练习。一直循环播放，尽可能的将自己能听写出来的，全部写出来。 4、将自己的听写稿和原稿对照，找出没有听写出来的词句，并标上记号，这些没有听出来的词句可能很简单，但事实是你没有听写出来，这些就是你听力的盲点，所以要特别留意。 5、再反复地听report的MP3录音，这次不用纸笔听写，而是在脑袋里做听写，就是指当你听到一句的时候，脑袋里把这一句给拼出来，确保听清每一个词句，并留意你在听写时没有写出来的词句的发音。 6、第二天再听上面的report的MP3录音，并采用上面第5点所用的听法。第四天再听上面的report的MP3录音，等到第七天再听几篇，仍采用上面第 5点所用的听法。为什么要反复地听？因为我们之所以听不懂，是因为听的太少了。反复听的目的在于强化，让你形成一种听力条件反射，就是让你拥有一听到某些词句就能立即条件反射式地在脑袋里写出来你所听到的词句。 练习听力有点像练习电脑打字里的盲打，花时间多做练习自然就会盲
VOA慢速英语阅读
V O A慢速英语阅读 Prepared on 24 November 2020
From VOA Learning English, this is the Agriculture(农业的） Report. Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water used on coastal farms. As a result farmers are increasingly unable to use fields close to the sea. Scientists call this process "salinization（盐渍化）." The term（术语）comes from the word "saline" （生理盐水）-- which means a mixture of salt and water. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says salinization is reducing the world's irrigated lands by 1 to 2 percent every year. Irrigation is the process of supplying land with fresh water from other areas. As saline water cannot be used for irrigation, a farm in Netherlands has managed to grow healthy and tasty vegetables in soil irrigated with salt water. But a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a mixture of sea and fresh water to grow healthy and tasty vegetables.