高级英语涉及的修辞手法

英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

1.Simile 明喻

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.

标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.

例如:

1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.

2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.

3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.

2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻

隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.

例如:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.

3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻

借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.

I.以容器代替内容,例如:

1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.

2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.

II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:

Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如:

a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集

VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:

I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.

4.Synecdoche 提喻

提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.

例如:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)

他的厂里约有100名工人.

2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)

他是本世纪的牛顿.

3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）

这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.

5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉

这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

例如:

1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花）

鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.

2>.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）

品尝Mozart的音乐.

6.Personification 拟人

拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.

例如:

1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）

2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）

7.Hyperbole 夸张

夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..

例如:

1>.I beg a thousand pardons.

2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.

3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.

8.Parallelism 排比, 平行

这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.

例如:

1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.

2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days

when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.

9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法

婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.

例如:

1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.

2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.

3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）

10.Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）

建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。

英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书

这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为"换个方式的说法".它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.

例如:

1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.

表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草

真正意味：趁热打铁

2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.

表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑

11.Irony 反语

反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.

例如:

1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.

早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）

2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.

12.Pun 双关

双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.

例如:

1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.

2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.

3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.

13.Parody 仿拟

这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.

例如:

1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.

2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.

3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.

14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问）

它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.

例如:

1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?

2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?

15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶

这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.

例如:

1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.

2>.You are staying; I am going.

3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.

16.Paradox 隽语

这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法..

例如:

1>.More haste, less speed.欲速则不达

2>.The child is the father to the man.（童年时代可决定人之未来）三岁看大，四岁看老。

17.Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻

这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.

例如:

1>.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见

2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.

18.Climax 渐进法,层进法

这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象.

例如:

1>.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.

2>.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.

19.Anticlimax 渐降法

与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.

例如:

1>.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.

2>.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.

高级英语课文修辞总结

高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课）第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)

高级英语第一册修辞手法总结

Lesson 1 1．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4) metaphor 2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 、metaphor 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (Para.11) simile 4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: “Get us through this mess, will Y ou?”(Para. 17) alliteration 5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. (Para.19) personification 6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (Para.19) simile、onomatopoeia(拟声) 7. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. （Para. 20）transferred epithet 8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.（Para. 20）simile、personification 9. and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.(Para.28) simile 10.household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphor Lesson 4 1. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2) Transferred epithet 2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3) Synecdoche 3. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14) Irony 4. '' There is some doubt about that '' Darrow snorted.(para 19) Sarcasm 5. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.(para 20) Antithesis 6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22) Alliteration; Simile 7. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22) He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23) The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan. Snowball:grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder: say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by many people; the oratorical duel; spring the trump card.Metaphor

高级英语修辞手法和各课举例

常用修辞手法： 1. 比喻比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻：明喻(simile)：用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如： O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。暗喻(metaphor)：用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如： He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。 2. 换喻(metonymy) 用一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。如the White House 代美国政府或总统，用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol。 His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。 3. 提喻(synecdoche) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如： He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。 4. 拟人(personification) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如： My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。 This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。 The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。 5. 委婉(euphemism) 用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如：用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代to die 用senior citizens代替old people 用a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil 用weight watcher代替fat people 6. 双关(pun) 用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如： A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器) 一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。 “Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer. “Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？ Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。 7. 反语(irony) 使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。 8. 头韵(alliteration) 两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如： proud as a peacock

(完整word版)高级英语第一册修辞总结1--11

Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar 1. Onomatopoeia: is the formation of words in imitation o the sounds associated with the thing concerned. e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1) 2) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9) 2. Metaphor: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”. e.g. 1) the heat and glare of a big open square (Para. 1) 2) …in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7) 3. alliteration: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters. e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1) 2)…make a point of protesting 4. Hyperbole: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc. e.g. a tiny restaurant (Para. 7) a flood of glistening linseed oil (Para. 9) 5．Antithesis: is the setting, often in parallel structure, of contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis. e.g. 1) …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows…(Para. 5) 2) …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. (Para. 5) 6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form. e.g. …as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5) Unit 9 Mark Twain—Mirror of America V. Rhetorical devices 1. Simile: Please refer to Lesson 2. e.g. 1) Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. (Para. 1) 2) Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence. (Para. 15)

高级英语修辞手法总结归纳

英语修辞手法明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

高级英语修辞总结完整版

高级英语修辞总结 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】

高级英语修辞手法总结(常考)

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英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

高级英语课文修辞总结讲课稿

高级英语课文修辞总结

高级英语1修辞手法汇总

Rhetorical Devices simile 明喻metaphor 暗喻hyperbole 夸张metonymy 转喻synecdoche 借喻euphemism 委婉语repetition 反复rhetorical question 反问句personification 拟人antithesis 对仗parallelism 排比transferred epithet 转移修饰alliteration 押头韵 anti-climax 反高潮 1. We can batten down and ride it out. （metaphor） 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. （metaphor） 3. The group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.（simile） 4. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. （simile） 5. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. （simile） 6. It seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 31 2 miles away.（personification） 7. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. （simile） 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist. （simile）

高级英语第二册修辞汇总

Lesson1 1. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻) 2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻) 3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile 4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles a way. ----personification(拟人) 5. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor 6. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略) 7. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile 8. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就 9. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson2

高级英语(1)修辞格汇总

一．词语修辞格 (1) simile 明喻它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。 They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。 His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。 ①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖ ②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ③My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake. ④The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools… ⑤I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish （粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）. （2）metaphor 暗喻暗含的比喻。A是B或B就是A。 All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。 Education is not the filling of a pail桶, but the lighting of a fire. ( William B. Yeats ) 教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。 ①It is a vast（巨大的）, sombre（忧郁的）cavern（洞穴）of a room,… ②Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ③main artery（干线）of transportation in the young nation's heart ④The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. ⑤Her voice was a whiplash（鞭绳）. ⑥We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,

高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)

高级英语修辞手法汇总

高英修辞 Lesson 1 1. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻) 2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻) 3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile 4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人) 5. Rcihelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. ---- …the 6. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor 7. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略) 8. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile 9. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就 10. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson 4 1.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative

高级英语修辞总结

Rhetorical Devices 一、明喻（simile ）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如： 1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 3、It has long leaves that sway in the wi nd like slim fin gers reach ing to touch someth ing. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。二、隐喻（metaphor ）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets... 德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。 2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。三、Allusi on （暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。例如： 1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。（Achill es 是希腊神话中的一位勇士。除了脚踵处，他身上其他地方刀枪不入。） 2、The project is an economic albatross from the start. 这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题。（Albatross是英国诗人柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》中的信天翁，它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后，全船陷入灾难中。）四、提喻（synecdoche ）又称举隅法，主要特点是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。例如： 1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood

高级英语第一册修辞手法总汇

Twain began digging his way to regional fame... Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... Simile: Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ...a memory that seemed phonographic Hyperbole: ...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom... The cast of characters... - a cosmos. America laughed with him. Personification: ...to literature's enduring gratitude... the grave world smiles as usual... Bitterness fed on the man... America laughed with him. Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. Antithesis: ...between what people claim to be and what they really are.. ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land... ...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism: … a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. ...men's final release from earthly struggle Alliteration ...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home ...with a dash and daring... ...a recklessness of cost or consequences... Metonymy ...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe Lesson 10 1) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole) 2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet) 3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche) 4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule) 5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm) 6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony) 7) There is some doubt about that.(sarcasm) 8) "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below"(antithesis) 9) "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world." (hyperbole) 10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies. (ridicule，simile) 11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(ridicule) 12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " (oxymoron ) Lesson 11 1) a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life (alliteration and sarcasm) 2) between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted Third International (1961) (assonance and antithesis) 3) The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's" (metonymy) 4) In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes (metonymy) 5) But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's (synecdoche) 6) the Post’ s editorial fails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from "so simple" a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the-street attitude that a door is a door and any damn fool knows that(sarcasm ) 7) Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges ...(synecdoche)